动态旋风分离器数值模拟及实验研究
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS 2014年第33卷第7期·1684·
化工进展
动态旋风分离器数值模拟及实验研究
于洲，马春元
（山东大学燃煤污染物减排国家工程实验室，山东济南 250061）
摘要：旋风分离器具有结构简单性能稳定等优点，但对于粒径10μm以下颗粒，分离效率较低。本文对普通旋风分离器进行改进，设计了带有旋转叶片的动态旋风分离装置，并进行了实验和数值模拟研究。数值模拟气相采用RNG k-ε模型与RSM模型相结合的算法，颗粒相与气相之间采用以欧拉-拉格朗日气固两相流耦合思想为基础的DPM模型进行模拟，主要研究了装置内部流场和颗粒分离效率与进口气速和转子转速之间的关系，并与实验中通过静电低压悬浮颗粒取样器（ELPI）获得的装置分离效率进行了对比。模拟和实验结果表明，装置切向速度场中转子部分的切向速度主要由叶片转速决定，转子外部区域的切向速度则主要由进口气速决定，且在一定的转速和进口气速下，动态旋风分离器对粒径在5μm以上的颗粒有良好的脱除效果。
关键词：计算流体力学；分离；离心；动态旋风分离器
中图分类号：TQ 051.8 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000–6613（2014）07–1684–08
DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1000-6613.2014.07.005
Experimental and numerical investigations of a dynamic cyclone
YU Zhou，MA Chunyuan
（National Engineering Laboratory for Coal-fired Pollutants Emission Reduction，Shandong University，Jinan 250061，
Shandong，China）
Abstract：Cyclone has the advantages of simple structure and stable performance，but the separation efficiency is relative low for particles smaller than10μm. This research designed a new dynamic cyclone with added rotor blades，and improved the separation efficiency. The flow field were also simulated and studied experimentally. The RNG k-εmodel and RSM model were used to simulate the gas-phase flow and the DPM model based on Eulerian-Lagrangian method was used to simulate the particle-phase flow. Tangential velocity and separation efficiency were simulated with different inlet velocities and rotate speeds，and the simulation predictions were validated by the experimental results measured by Electrical Low Pressure Impactor （ELPI）. The results showed that the separation efficiency of the dynamic cyclone was good for particle larger than 5μm. And the simulation predictions proved that the tangential velocity distributions were mainly dominated by the rotate speeds for the region of impeller and dominated by the inlet velocity for the region outside of the impeller.
Key words：computational fluid dynamics（CFD）；separation；centrifugation；dynamic cyclone
旋风分离器由于具有结构简单、制造安装费用低、操作维护简便、性能稳定等优点，问世以来得到了广泛的应用[1]。然而，由于传统的旋风分离器分离依靠颗粒的惯性力作用，因此对于细颗粒的脱除，分离效率较低[2]。近几十年来，由于工业发展的相关要求，大批学者在提高旋风分离器性能方面从事基础研究，这些工作基本上可以分成两部分，一方面改进旋风分离器的配置和几何尺寸，如Stairmand进行了高效旋风分离器的尺寸改进设计，
收稿日期：2013-12-16；修改稿日期：2013-12-30。
第一作者：于洲（1989—），男，硕士研究生。联系人：马春元，教授，博士生导师，研究内容为燃烧与污染。E-mail chym@https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d9405328.html,。