中考英语阅读理解练习题

中考英语阅读理解练习题

一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）

1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。

C

What is your favorite color? Ask famous persons like Cate Blanchett, Scarlett Johnson, and Bono （singer for the band U2）, and maybe they will say “green.” That’s not because these artists like the color green best. Instead, they are interested in green fashion.

Green fashion is about making （and wearing） clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth. In the past, green fashion made people think of ugly clothes. But today, green fashion is different. It is about looking good and caring about the Earth and other people. You can have interesting clothes and be green.

Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular. For example, the U.K. company People Tree sells men’s and women’s clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物）like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make.

Singer Bono and his wife also started a clothing company called EDUN. When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world.

（1）From this passage, we know that “green fashion” means________.

A. putting green color on your face

B. making clothes from green trees

C. wearing the color green all the time

D. wearing clothes that are good for the Earth （2）Today, green fashion is ___________.

A. the same as it was in the past

B. making people work harder

C. more popular and interesting

D. mostly popular with famous persons

（3）Which sentence about green clothing companies is true?

A. They are all in Africa.

B. They do not pay their workers well.

C. They make clothes only for women.

D. They use natural fabrics to make clothes.

（4）What does EDUN do?

A. It teaches people to make clothes.

B. It makes interesting clothes for teenagers.

C. It sells clothes and uses the money to help people.

D. It pays people good money for the clothes they make.

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

【解析】【分析】

⑴细节理解。根据第二段Green fashion is about making （and wearing）clothes that are good for humans, animals, and the Earth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。故选D。

⑵细节理解。根据第二段But today, green fashion is different.和第三段Around the world, green fashion is becoming popular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。故选C。

⑶细节理解。根据第三段可知he U.K. company People Tree sells men's and women's clothing and accessories（配搭物）. They are made from natural fabrics（织物） like cotton and wool. Workers who make the clothes are from countries like Kenya（肯尼亚）, and Bangladesh（孟加拉国）. People Tree pays the men and women good money for the clothes they make. 可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。ABC错误，故选D。

⑷细节理解。跟最后一句When the clothes are sold, EDUN uses most of the money to help people around the world. 可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。故选Ｃ

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。

2．根据短文内容选择正确答案。

A

Shirley Temple, the once-famous child movie star, died at the age of 85 on February 10, 2014. She was born on April 23, 1928. She was good at acting and dancing. In 1934, she starred（主演） in the movie Bright Eyes. From then on she became famous around the world. Later she starred in other movies and won a Juvenile Oscar in February, 1935.

For many Americans born in the 1930s and 1940s, Temple was not just an on-screen star but also a close friend in their childhood. She was remembered by the world as “little angle” for all time. An American movie star said, “Little Shirley Temple encourage d the whole country during the Great Depression（大萧条）.”

Shi Li and Cui Jiping are husband and wife. They are disabled. They completed the first Chinese encyclopedic（百科知识的） dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.

The dictionary includes words on medicine, education, psychology, law, history and culture about deaf people's life. This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and it helps them know about the world more easily.

They spent six years and over 1,000,000 yuan on the book. They first collected material for the book by themselves, then they invited a lot of experts across the country to write.

The book is warmly welcomed by the deaf. One of the readers said, “The book shows that we're not alone. We can hav e our own way to communicate with the world. ”

（1）From the passage we know that Temple .

A. won a Juvenile Oscar for Bright Eyes

B. began to star in her first movie when she was ten

C. was not an on-screen star

D. was encouraging during the Great Depression

（2）According to the passage, Shi Li and Cui Jiping .

A. are disabled people full of love

B. wrote many famous books

C. finished the book by themselves

D. live a very hard and poor life

（3）Which of the following is TRUE about the book?

A. It is the first world encyclopedic dictionary.

B. Deaf people can know about the world more easily with the help of it.

C. It took them sixteen years to finish the book.

D. It includes medicine and art about the life of deaf people.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）B

【解析】【分析】本文报道了名人Shirley Temple、Shi Li and Cui Jiping的事迹。Temple曾经著名的儿童电影明星，在1935年2月获得了少年奥斯卡奖，在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple鼓励着整个国家。Shi Li and Cui Jiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。

（１）细节理解题。根据An American movie star said, “Little Shirley Temple encouraged the whole country during the Great Depression（大萧条）.”可知在美国经济大萧条时期，Temple 鼓励着整个国家，故选D。

（２）推理判断题。根据They are disabled. They complete the first Chinese encyclopedic（百科知识的）dictionary for deaf people and people with hearing problems.可知Shi Li and Cui Jiping是残疾人，他们为聋人和听力有障碍的人编写了中国第一本为聋人和听力有障碍的人的百科全书。故推断他么那是在帮助这些残疾人，是有爱心的，故选A。

（３）细节理解题。根据This book provides a learning tool for this special group of people and it helps them know about the world more easily.可知这本书为这群特殊人群提供了一个学习工具，并且帮助他们更容易地了解世界。故选B。

3．阅读理解

Chip was in the first grade when I arrived at his school as a counselor（辅导员）. It was shocking to me that he was described as an angry, uncontrollable and evil（道德败坏的）boy. How could such a little boy, after being in school only one year, be considered "evil"?Over the next several months, I came to know Chip well enough to see that he was neither evil nor uncontrollable.

But, one day, Chip threw a chair at his teacher and was sent to my office. I asked him what made him do this. He replied that his teacher hated him. He felt there was no way to ever get her to like him. I asked him if he would tell his teacher this. He nodded, and we called her into my office.

When the teacher came, . He then said that he knew he was a very, very bad boy, and he didn't think anyone could ever like him. His teacher listened to him with heartfelt compassion. Then she gave him a big warm hug, telling him she didn't hate him at all and, actually, she cared

very much about him. Only sometimes Chip's behaviour really scared her. It was clear to both Chip and me that she really meant it.

I put my left arm on his shoulders and the right hand on his heart. I told him how wonderful and lovely I saw him to be. I praised how special and brave he was to express his hurt feelings.

As I was speaking to him, his whole body came to rest on my right hand next to his heart. It was a moment in time unlike anything I had experienced before. From then on, I'm pleased to see his behaviour improved through the rest of school years.

A child's mind is clear and sensitive（敏感的）. He receives whatever others say without protection. It is as easy to consider someone hopeless as it is to consider him able in his own special way.

（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us .

A. Chip was very popular at school

B. the teacher didn't care about Chip at all

C. Chip had no way to get others to like him

D. the writer thought differently about Chip

（2）Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in the passage?

A. she couldn't control her feelings

B. I advised her to be more patient

C. Chip became angry and crazy again

D. I encouraged Chip to express his feelings

（3）The underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 shows that Chip .

A. accepted the writer

B. wanted a rest

C. was quite afraid

D. felt a little nervous （4）What can we learn from the passage?

A. No pains, no gains.

B. Love me, love my dog.

C. Expect higher, act better.

D. Where there is a will, there is a way.

【答案】（1）D

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔”的孩子,并没有放弃她,反而安慰鼓励她,结果她真的像作者期盼的那样,变得更好了的事情。。（1）细节理解题。根据第一段第二句It was shocking to me that he wasdescribed as an angry, uncontrollable and evilboy和 Over the next several months, I came to know Chip well enough to see that he was neither evil nor uncontrollable.可知作者与别人相比对Chip有不同的看法。故选D。

（2）信息匹配题。根据下文He then said that he knew he was a very, very bad boy, and he didn't think anyone could ever like him.可知是在作者鼓励下Chip才会说下文自己的想法，故选D。

（3）推断理解题。根据第五段最后句From then on, I'm pleased to see his behavior improved through the rest of school years可知，自从作者对Chip说了一番话后，他的行为变得越来越好，因此当时他将身体靠在作者的右手上表达的应是对作者从内心的接受，可知Chip已经接受作者的建议，故选A。

（4）主旨题大意题。文章讲述了作者在学校里面对一个被所有人看成“恶魔”的孩子，并没有放弃他反而安慰鼓励他，结果他真的像作者期盼的那样，变得更好了。结合文章最后

一句话结合最后一段最一句It is as easy to consider someone hopeless as it it toconsider him able in his own special way可得出文章主旨，即态度决定事情的结局。当你对人或事有高的期望时，结果往往会变得更好。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

4．阅读理解

In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp. On the first day, when we were dancing and playing games, I noticed a boy under the tree who was small and thin. His shyness made him appear weak. I walked towards him, introduced myself and invited him to join in the activities and meet some new people. He quietly replied, "No, I really don't want to do this." I could understand that he was in a new world but I knew it wouldn't be right to force him either. Actually, the boy didn't need a close talk but a friend.

At lunch the next day, I was leading camp songs when I saw the boy under the tree sitting alone.

I tried again with the same invitation, but he refused once again. That evening I was told the boy's name was Tommy. Then I asked the campers to pay special attention to the boy and spend time with him when they could.

The days went by and the time came when we had to leave. We held a big, warm party to celebrate the closing of the camp. All the campers shared their wonderful moments. To my surprise, I found the boy from under the tree dancing joyfully with two girls. I couldn't believe it was the same person.

In October of my second year, I received a phone call from Tommy's mother. She told me that Tommy was hit by a car and died. I offered my deep sadness. The mother said, "Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months."

At that moment, I realized how easy it was to give a bit of yourself every day. You may never know how much each gesture may mean to someone else. I hope that everyone can pay attention to his own "boy under the tree".

（1）Before the writer came to the high school summer camp, he was a（n） .

A. instructor

B. camper

C. student

D. reporter

（2）How many times did the writer invite the boy to join in the activities?

A. Once.

B. Twice.

C. Three times.

D. Many times.

（3）Which is the CORRECT order about the story？

①The boy danced joyfully wi th two girls.

② The boy went back to school and made new friends.

③ The boy refused to join in the activities.

④The boy's mother made a phone call to the writer.

A. ①②③④

B. ②③①④

C. ③①②④

D.

④③②①

（4）From Paragraph 4, we can infer that Tommy's mother was very to the writer. A. thankful B. helpful C. faithful D. harmful

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。

（1）推理题。根据 In the summer between my first year and second year in college, I was invited to be an instructor（辅导员）at a high school camp 在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知，在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据 invited him to join in the activities和 I tried again with the same invitation 可知，作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞，这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友，男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，故选C。

（4）推理题。根据Tommy mentioned you so many times. I want you to know that he went back to school and made new friends with confidence. You made a difference to Tommy during his last months汤米多次提到你。我想让你知道，他回到学校，自信地交了新朋友。在汤米的最后几个月里，你改变了他可知，汤米的母亲对作家很感谢，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

5．阅读理解

Grace Murray was born on December 9, 1906 in New York City. In 1928 she finished her education in Vassar College in Maths and Physics. Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.

In 1930, Grace Murray married Vincent Foster Hopper. They were happy together for 15 years. She taught at Vassar College until 1943, when she joined the United States Navy（海军）to help her country during World War Ⅱ.Then she was given a job at the Bureau of Ships Computation Project at Harvard University, where she worked on the Mark series of computers.

In 1945, she began to do research in Applied（应用）Physics at Harvard's Computation Laboratory. In 1949 she joined the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation and worked with people working in it. Years later, she returned to the Navy. She retired in 1971 but continued teaching for the computer development. Brewster Academy, a school in Wolfeboro, New Hampshire, the United States, gave its computer lab to her for free in 1985, calling it the Grace Murray Hopper Centre for Computer Learning. She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro. She passed away in her sleep in 1992. Since her death, her workmate Elenor

Briggs has been going on with her work.

Grace Murray was a great woman and a leader in the computer development. Her work helped improve the use of computer languages. She practised her words" Dare and Do" in her lifetime.（1）How many years did Grace Murray teach at Vassar?

A. About 2 years.

B. About 6 years.

C. About 12 years.

D. About 18 years.（2）Before she joined the United States Navy, what did Grace Murray do at Yale University?

A. She studied Maths.

B. She researched Applied Physics.

C. She developed computer languages.

D. She worked on the Mark series of computers.

（3）Why did the school in Wolfeboro give its computer lab to Grace Murray for free?

A. Because the lab was built with her help.

B. Because she once spent some time there.

C. Because Wolfeboro was her home town.

D. Because she once taught there.

（4）The underlined phrase "passed away" in Paragraph 3 means" ".

A. worked

B. died

C. waited

D. dreamed

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了Grace Murray的一生。

（1）细节题。根据Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University从1931年起，她一直在瓦萨任教，She taught at Vassar College until 1943，直到1943年，可知格蕾丝·默里在瓦萨教了大概12年书，故选C。

（2）推理题。根据Since 1931, she had been teaching at Vassar and continued her study at Yale University, where she achieved a lot in Maths in 1934.自1931年以来，她一直在vassar教书，并继续在耶鲁大学学习，1934年在那里她在数学方面取得了很大成绩，可知在加入美国海军之前，格雷斯·默里在耶鲁大学教数学，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据She had spent her childhood summer at a local family in Wolfeboro 她在沃尔夫博罗的一个当地家庭度过了童年的夏天可知沃尔夫博罗的学校免费把它的计算机实验室给格雷斯·默里因为她曾经在那里呆过一段时间，故选B。

（4）词义猜测题。根据Since her death自从她死后，可知passed away是去世的意思，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

6．阅读理解

Mail, games, music, news, chat rooms and shopping！The Internet is part of the way we live today. "It's easy to get onto the Internet. The only thing we need to do is use a modem which is used for connecting a computer to a telephone line. The Internet is changing and growing all the time. More and more people have computers and use the Internet. Using the Internet means surfing the World Wide Web（That's the "www" you always hear about.）.The Web has large

numbers of websites in it. They are the places you go to get information and do things.

Where do these websites come from？They are made by web designers. What happens when you click on a word or a picture？You are sent to another page. It's all because of the web designer. Web designers do a lot of work by using a computer programming（程序编辑）language.

Is Web design all about computer programming? No. It's about making something new. Web designers must imagine a lot when they are making a website. It must look good and be fun to use. A big part of Web design is art. They choose the best pictures and colours to make the website look good. They also write the things that you see on the website. An important part of their job is to share ideas with the website manager about how to design the website well.

（1）This passage is mainly about .

A. computer programming languages

B. the Web designers' work

C. the website manager's work

D. the way to get onto the Internet

（2）More and more people are using the Internet because it's .

A. easy and useful

B. beautiful and funny

C. colourful and hopeful

D. changing and colourful

（3）It's possible for us to change websites by just a click because of .

A. the modem's help

B. the telephone line's help

C. the Web designers' work

D. the website manager's work

（4）Which of the following is WRONG？

A. "Www" means "World Wide Web".

B. There are a few websites on the web.

C. The Internet has changed people's lives.

D. We can do things like shopping on the Internet.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的重要性。

（1）主旨题。根据本文介绍了互联网是我们今天生活方式的一部分，网页设计的工作的重要性可知文章主要讲网页设计师的工作，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据It's easy to get onto the Internet可知越来越多的人在使用互联网，因为它简单有用，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据They are made by web designers. What happens when you click on a word or a picture You are sent to another page它们是由网页设计师制作的。当你点击一个单词或图片会发生什么？您将被发送到另一页可知，因为网页设计师的工作我们只需点击一下就可以改变网站，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据The Web has large numbers of websites in it 网络中有大量的网站可知网上有几个网站是错误的，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

7．阅读理解

He was an old man who fished alone in a small boat on the sea and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish, the boy's parents had told him that the old man was now salao, which was the worst form of unluck, and the boy had gone with another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his boat empty. The sail looked like the flag of failure forever.

The old man was thin with deep wrinkles（皱纹）in the back of his neck. His face was terribly brown because of the strong sunlight on the sea every day and his hands had the deep scars（伤疤）from dealing with heavy fish on the lines. But none of these were fresh. Everything about him was old except his eyes and they were the same colour as the sea and were cheerful.

"Santiago," the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from the sea. "I could go with you again. We've made some money."

The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

"No, "the old man said." You're with a lucky boat. Stay with them."

"But remember how you went eighty-seven days without fish and then we caught big ones every day for three weeks."

"I remember," the old man said.

"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him."

"I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal."

"He hasn't much faith（信心）."

"No," the old man said." But we have. Haven't we?"

"Yes," the boy said. "Can I offer you a beer on the Terrace?"

"Why not?" the old man said. "Between fishermen."

（1）In the story the old man was the boy's .

A. grandfather

B. friend

C. boss

D. host

（2）The word "they" in Paragraph 2 refers to of the old man.

A. the hands

B. the scars

C. the eyes

D. the wrinkles （3）The old man refused the boy to go fishing with him again because .

A. he wanted to fish by himself

B. he could really understand his parents

C. the boy asked for some money

D. the boy had already learnt how to fish

（4）From the story we can know that .

A. the old man was always full of hope

B. the boy's parents believed in the old man

C. everyone laughed at the old man's bad luck

D. the boy was worried about the old man's health

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了一个老人84天没有捕到鱼了，男孩的父母不让小男孩和老人一起捕鱼，认为老人运气不好，老人比较理解男孩的父母。

（1）细节题。根据全文可知小男孩和老人一起去捕鱼，他们的关系是朋友关系，故选B。（2）细节题。根据Everything about him was old except his eyes除了他的眼睛，他周围的一切都很老，所以they代指眼睛，即eyes，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据"It was papa who made me leave. I am a boy and I must follow him." "I know," the old man said. "It is quite normal."可知老人理解男孩爷爷的想法，所以拒绝小男孩再次和他一起去捕鱼，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据"He hasn't much faith（信心）." "No," the old man said." But we have. Haven't we?"可知男孩爷爷对老人没有信心，但是老人和男孩有信心，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

8．阅读理解

Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids".

This nickname got its start in the 1940s. Many men fought in the Second World War and women had to take jobs in factories to keep the country going. With both parents away, lots of kids went back to empty houses after school. Latchkey kids wore house keys around their necks and they used the keys to open doors.

Today, it's common for both parents to work. As a result, a new generation of kids are spending some time alone after school. It becomes necessary for both parents and kids to make some rules. There are a lot of questions to talk about:

Should you call your mum, or dad as soon as you get home?

Should you do your homework first?

Can you watch TV or play computer games? If so, how long?

What can you eat if you want a snack?

Can friends come over? If so, how many?

……

As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules. Talk about the following questions with your parents:

What should you do when the phone rings?

What should you do if someone knocks at the door?

What should you do if someone breaks into the house?

What should you do if you cut yourself while cooking?

……

You may feel when you are at home alone. Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. There are many things which can make you feel that time goes by quickly:

●Read a magaz ine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend.

（1）Latchkey kids _________________.

A. like collecting keys

B. live with their grandparents

C. have part-time jobs in factories

D. regularly stay at home alone after school

（2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give to latchkey kids?

A. Two

B. Three

C. Four

D. Five

（3）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. Can you have your hair cut?

B. Should you go to school on foot?

C. Can you go out? If so, where?

D. Can you ask teachers for help at school?

（4）Which of the following can be put in " "?

A. bored

B. excited

C. relaxed

D. pleased

（5）The writer probably agrees that __________.

A. there's no need to make family rules

B. latchkey kids should learn to protect themselves

C. time passes slowly when latchkey kids are busy

D. parents should never leave their kids alone at home

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

（5）B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了独自在家的孩子，在家时应该怎么做。

（1）细节题。根据 Nowadays lots of kids are at home alone after school. Are you one of them? Kids who regularly take care of themselves are called "latchkey kids 现在许多孩子放学后独自在家。你是他们中的一员吗？经常照顾自己的孩子被称为“钥匙孩子” 可知, 钥匙儿童放学后经常独自呆在家里，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 Read a magazine. ●Write an email. ●Phone a friend 阅读杂志。●写一封电子邮件。●给朋友打电话知, 作者给了钥匙儿童3个建议，故选B。

（3）推理题。根据 Can friends come over? If so, how many? ，可知你能出去吗？如果是，在哪里 Can you go out? If so, where? 适合放在横线处，都是条件状语从句的省略形式，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 Don't worry. Keeping yourself busy is helpful. 别担心。让自己忙碌是有帮助的可知,此处是个负面情绪的形容词，A无聊的，B激动的，C放松的，D高兴的，bored 适合放在横线处，故选A。

（5）细节题。根据 As latchkey kids, knowing how to stay safe is just as important as following the family rules 作为钥匙儿童，知道如何保持安全和遵守家庭规则一样重要可知，钥匙儿童应该学会保护自己，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

Vanuatu is an island nation in the South West Pacific. It is one of the smallest countries in the world. But for those who are interested in adventure and sports, there is a lot to do. Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.

Volcano Surfing On Tanna Island, Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day, sometimes several times a day. For centuries, people have climbed this mountain to visit the top. Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano. In some ways, volcano surfing is like surfing in the sea, but in other ways it's very different. Volcano surfers try to escape the erupting volcano-- without getting hit by flying rocks! It's fast, fun and dangerous- the perfect extreme sport（极限运动）.

Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old? The activity, first called land diving, is part of a religious ceremony（宗教仪式）. A man ties tree vines（树藤） to his legs. He then jumps head- first from a high tower to touch the earth with the top of his head- without breaking the vine. Every spring, island natives （men only）still take part in this amazing activity.

（1）In the first paragraph, what does the underlined word refer to?

A. People.

B. Animals.

C. Activities.

D. Islands.

（2）According to the passage, Mount Yasur?

A. is no longer active

B. is on Pentecost Island

C. erupts almost every day

D. rises 800 metres into the sky

（3）Why have people recently started climbing Mount Yasur?

A. Because people can climb it easily.

B. Because people can make money.

C. Because people can watch snow on it.

D. Because people can surf the volcano.

（4）Which of the following about land diving is TRUE?

A. It is not dangerous at all.

B. It was first called "bungee jumping".

C. It is a traditional activity in Vanuatu.

D. It came to Vanuatu from another country.

（5）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To tell people not to do dangerous sports.

B. To explain what volcano surfing and land diving are.

C. To talk about the world's best volcano surfer and land diver.

D. To compare activities in Vanuatu with sports in New Zealand.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项

活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水。

（1）细节题。根据句子定语从句who可知指的是人，可知对于对冒险和运动感兴趣的人来说，有许多事情可做，所以those指的是人，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据Mount Yasur rises 361 metres into the sky. Yasur is an active volcano, and it erupts（爆发） almost every day可知Mount Yasur几乎每天爆发，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据Recently, people have also started climbing Yasur to surf the volcano.最近，人们也开始攀登雅苏火山。故选D。

（4）细节题。根据Land Diving Most people are familiar with bungee jumping, but do you know bungee jumping started on Pentecost Island in Vanuatu and is almost fifteen centuries old?陆地跳水大多数人都熟悉蹦极跳，但你知道蹦极跳始于瓦努阿图的五重岛，几乎有十五世纪的历史吗？可知它是一种传统的活动，故选C。

（5）细节题。根据Vanuatu's islands offer visitors two of the most exciting and dangerous activities in the world: volcano（火山） surfing and land diving.可知主要讲了瓦努阿图群岛为游客提供了世界上最激动人心和最危险的两项活动：火山冲浪和陆地潜水，目的是介绍火山冲浪和陆地潜水是什么，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

10．阅读理解

Aged between 18 and 40 years?

Can you work 8 hours a day to help sort parcels （分拣包裹）from late

January to the end of February？

Pay rates

7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour

6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour

If you are careful and can work well with others, please join us.

For more information, call 400-889-5543.

A. ￥60

B. ￥75

C. ￥96

D. ￥120（2）Which of the following is TRUE?

A. People working at night get more money.

B. Any person under 45 can apply for the job.

C. People have to start to work at the end of February.

D. The job is to get parcels to Sto Express.

（3）The material may be from a _____________.

A. book

B. notice

C. maganize

D. newspaper

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：这是申通快递招聘广告，年龄，工作时间及报酬。

（1）细节理解题，根据广告中7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour可知从上午9点到下午5点，

共八个小时，每小时12美元，一天能挣96美元，故选C。

（2）细节理解题，根据7:00 am---6:00 pm ￥12/ hour从上午7点到下午6点每小时12美元； 6:00 pm---7:00 am ￥15/ hour从下午6点到早晨7点每小时15美元，通过对比可知晚上工作挣钱更多，故选A。

（3）推理判断题，这是一则广告，所以这个材料可能登在报纸上，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本文是一则广告，主要涉及细节理解题，在文中找到答案的依据。

11．阅读理解

Art Training Course

Do you want to get $ 75~$ 200 each hour? You will get good jobs if you spend only a week on our courses about ads, TV programs, films and fashion.

Website: www. awardmakeupschool. com

Telephone number: 310—364—0665

Teaching English Overseas

A 4-week language course is offered monthly in Prague. It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world.

Cost: $ 1,300 per month

Website: https://www.wendangku.net/doc/d9888857.html,

Looking for a Roommate

I'm Mary. I have a house with three bedrooms. There are many things in it, like a TV, a washing machine and a fridge. You only need to pay $ 200 for it each month. And it includes the cost of surfing the Internet. There are two rules for you to obey: You mustn't make lots of noise in the house and you must keep the house clean.

E-mail: www.room.to.rent@hotmail. com

A. $75

B. $ 200

C. $ 1,300

D. $ 2,600

（2）Mary's house provides the following things EXCEPT __________.

A. a computer

B. a TV

C. a fridge

D. a washing machine

（3）Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. The cost of the art training course is $ 75 each hour.

B. People should pay $ 1,300 for the language course each week.

C. If you often surf the Internet, you'd better not rent Mary's house.

D. People who want to live in Mary's house should pay $ 1,200 half a year.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】（1）细节理解题。根据文中的表格二Teaching English Overseas A 4-week language course is offered monthly in Prague．It's helpful for you to get good jobs around the world．Cost：1300per month可知学习英语每个人每个月1300元，两个月就是2600元，

故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三There are many things in it，like a TV，a washing machine and a fridge．可知房子里有电视，洗衣机和冰箱，没有提到电脑，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的表格三You only need to pay 200for it each month可知一间卧室月租是200，半年就是200X6=1200，所以要想成为玛丽的合租室友，半年要付1200，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Schools in the UK are cutting time spent on PE lessons because of exam pressures. Secondary school teachers said that older teenagers were especially likely to miss out, because the time spent on physical education for 14-16 -year-olds had fallen in the past five years.

Teachers said that increased pressure to produce exam results was leading to children being pulled out of PE lessons. One in three said exam pressures were behind the decline, and they said subjects such as English and Maths had been given more time at the cost of PE.

Almost all of the teachers from the 487 schools said PE should be more valued for its advantages to young people. Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems. Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous". He said, "It is worrying to hear that PE is being cut at a time when students are facing problems with stress and anxiety in increasing numbers. There's a close relationship between mental and physical health."

Tom Madders, director of campaigns at charity Young Minds, said, "Schools' cutting down on physical education because of exam pressures is worrying. Schools that value health also do better in study, so it makes sense to keep good health, rather than putting children under more pressure."

Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market. Ali Oliver, an expert, said, "The PE is good for physical and mental health. So cutting down physical education time is depriving young people of these advantages at a time when they need them most."

（1）What do we know about the text?

A. Schools that value health do worse in study.

B. Good physical health is good for mental health.

C. Many teachers don't realize the importance of PE

D. Children in the UK have serious mental problems.

（2）_______ said that Cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".

A. The teachers in the UK.

B. Tom Madders

C. Cal Strode

D. Ali Oliver （3）According to the text, the exam pressure is from ______.

A. future work

B. poor mental health

C. parents' expectations

D. schools' requirements

（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The importance of physical education

B. Teachers' support of getting more PE time

C. The serious problems of education in the UK

D. Schools' cutting down PE time for exam pressure

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。

（1）细节题。根据Mental health experts also warned that cutting down on exercise could increase children's mental health problems There's a close relationship between mental and physical health." 可知身体健康对心理健康有好处。故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 Cal Strode, spokesman for the Mental Health Foundation, said cutting PE time would be "short-sighted and dangerous".可知，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Rising exam stress has been raised as a problem by experts who warn that children are under greater pressure because of a competitive jobs market.可知考试的压力是来自于竞争激烈的就业市场，故选A。

（4）主旨题。根据文章内容，本文主要介绍了学校因为考试的压力减少体育课的时间，以及减少体育课带来的问题。故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和主旨题都是常考题型。细节题要注意细节从文中找答案；主旨题需要通读全文了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

Stonehenge means "hanging stones". They stood in a circle, with 30 more stones lying on top to form a ring of rocks. There was also an inner circle built with similar stones. The stones set up in a trilithon（巨石牌坊） pattern.

A trilithon is made of two stone pillars with a stab of rock laid across the top. The stones weigh up to 20 tons each. People wonder how the huge rocks were placed that way.

Historians agree that Stonehenge was built in three different stages. The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角）of red deer. The earth wall was about 98m in diameter（直径） a 5-meter-tall stone was placed near the center. Then, they had to transport the large blue stones （up to 4 tons） 384 kilometers to Stonehenge. Experts think they might be moved across ice and snow. The ground in winter in this area is usually full of ice and snow, making it easier to move the rocks. The next task was to stand the stones up. The most difficult task was putting the top stones in place. Each one of these tasks took a lot of planning and a lot of strength, but the workers of Stonehenge were excellent builders.

Why was the monument built? Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain （dated to 2470 BC）. Others think Stonehenge was built by early astronomers. Scientists believe that when a person stands in the center of the monument, the changing of seasons can be seen. Certain stones mark the location of the rising and setting moon

in midwinter. Other stones mark the rising and setting sun in midsummer. The ancient people

held religious ceremonies on these days. These ceremonies probably asked the gods to bring

good weather for crops and to protect the people from bad weather.

Stonehenge is an engineering success. Thousands of years later, it still stands. As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate. It shows that early people had a deep understanding of the movements to the sun and the moon. They didn't have machines or computers, but Stonehenge shows people could do many things using only their muscles and their brains.

（1）he first building stage of Stonehenge was ________.

A. to dig and cut the earth wall

B. to move the blue stones across the ice

C. to stand the stones up

D. to put the top stones in place

（2）Which evidence（证据） is given to support the idea that Stonehenge was a burial ground?

A. Stonehenge was made of stones.

B. It is a place for celebrating ceremonies.

C. The passing of seasons can be seen there.

D. Two gold earrings were found in a grave.

（3）The underlined word "accurate" in the last paragraph probably means "________".

A. correct

B. strange

C. huge

D. heavy

（4）Stonehenge was probably NOT originally built for ________.

A. tourists

B. religious reasons

C. a burial ground

D. telling the seasons

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要介绍了巨石阵的形状，发展以及历史意义。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句The first stage took place about 5, 000 years ago. At that time, a large circular earth wall was made. Historians believe the wall was dug and cut with tools made form anglers（鹿角） of red deer. 提示可知，巨石阵的第一个阶段是造图墙，故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句Some scientists think it's a burial ground. There are over 400 graves （burial sits） nearby. A man was buried with two gold earrings which are the oldest gold

ever found in Britain提示可知，有人认为这是一个墓地。附近有400多座坟墓。一名男子

被埋时带着两个金耳环，这是英国有史以来发现的最古老的黄金。故选D。

（3）词义理解推测题。根据文中语句As a calendar, Stonehenge is very accurate.提示可知，accurate的含义是正确的，故选A。

（4）理解归纳题。通读全文语句可知，建立巨石阵的原因有宗教，历法以及墓地等方面的原因，但是与旅游没有很多的联系，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。

14．阅读理解

My 14-year-old son, John, and I saw the coat at the same time in a second-hand clothing store. It stood out among big and old coats. It was so beautiful and had an unbelievable price, $ 28. I looked at my son and we both said nothing, but John's eyes shone. Dark, woolen coats were popular with teenage boys, but new ones could cost several hundred dollars. This coat was even better. John tried it on and turned from side to side, eyeing himself in the mirror. It fit him so well. John wore the coal to school the next clay. After he came home, I asked. "Did the kids like your coat?"

"They loved it," he said with a big grin.

Over the next few weeks, John changed. He was polite, less argumentative, more thoughtful, and much happier. "Good dinner, Mom," he would say every evening. Without a word of complaining, he would carry in wood for the stove. One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off, said, "You're right. I guess I will." When I mentioned this change to one of his teachers, she joked that the coat must have changed him.

John and I both know we should never judge a person by his clothes. But it is true that when wearing beautiful and suitable clothes, we may try to be better in thought, speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside.

（1）What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A. The price of the coat was too high.

B. John liked the coat very much.

C. They often went shopping together.

D. The writer didn't want to buy the coat.

（2）What did John use to do when he was asked to study?

A. Start at once.

B. Put off his homework.

C. Work hard on schoolwork.

D. Carry in wood for the stove.

（3）Which of the following changes did NOT happen to John after he wore the coat?

A. He was willing to follow suggestions.

B. He often helped to do some housework.

C. He always worried about his study.

D. He said sweet words to make his mother happy.

（4）What does the writer want to say through this passage?

A. What we wear could help shape who we are inside.

B. Life is full of possibilities when we are young.

C. We should not judge people by their appearance.

D. It's a good choice to try different things in our lives.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文通过讲述儿子自从穿了一件新的衣服后，整个人发生了变化，变得礼貌了，更快乐，愿意听从建议了，也愿意说些话让作者高兴了，从而得出结论，我们穿的衣服也会影响我们的内在。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中语句I looked at my son and we both said nothing, but John's eyes shone. 可知他喜欢这件外套。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据文中倒数第二段One day when I suggested that he might start on his homework before dinner, John, who always put things off???可知John经常拖延做作业，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段John changed．He was polite，less argumentative，more thoughtful，and much happier．"Good dinner，mom．"he would say every evening．Without a word of complaining，he would carry in wood for the stove．约翰变了，他彬彬有礼，不爱争论，更体贴，更快乐．"晚餐好，妈妈．"他每天晚上都会这样说．一句怨言也没有，他就会把木头放到炉子里．可知，C选项"他总是担心他的学习．"，没发生，故选C。

（4）主旨大意题。根据最后一段的总结But it is true that when wearing beautiful and suitable clothes, we may try to be better in thought, speech and behavior to match what is on the inside to what is on the outside.可知，作者想告诉我们，我们穿什么衣服可以帮助塑造我们是谁。故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。

15．阅读理解

Except for a few times, Americans are not big present-givers. There's no exchange of presents among business people, and if one American tries to give another a present, it may look like that he wants to bribe（贿赂） him. Americans have learned that in some other countries people like to give presents to others, but among ourselves we don't see the need for presents.

Even friends may never exchange presents. When I go to foreign countries, I try to bring back little things for close friends, but nobody would feel unhappy if I didn't. I don't often remember a friend's birthday, and few people outside of my family remember mine. If someone gave me presents too often, I'd get unpleasant. But a present from a foreigner-that kind from his or her homeland-won't go wrong, except to government employees（政府职员） who can't be given presents.

You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents. You should only say, "It's so nice. Thanks…" when you get Christmas or

birthday presents.

You may want to bring a bottle of wine（葡萄酒） or flowers to a dinner party, but you're never asked to. Nobody will mind if you bring wine, but your friend may not use it that evening.

At Christmas we often give presents to our family and sometimes our friends. We also give presents to people who have been helpful during the year—doormen, babysitters, housecleaners, newspaper senders—anyone who has often helped us.

（1）What kind of presents don't Americans usually open in front of the givers?

A. The small presents.

B. Christmas or birthday presents.

C. The expensive presents.

D. The presents for dinner party.

（2）Which of the following do you think is RIGHT?

A. American business people don't want presents because they are rich enough.

B. The writer of this passage must be an American.

C. Everyone must give presents to one's family and friends at Christmas.

D. Government employees can get little presents from a foreigner.

（3）What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Present-giving in the United States.

B. Customs（习俗） in the United States.

C. American people and present-giving.

D. When and how to give presents.

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗。美国人不会经常互送礼物的，因为他们认为是在贿赂，尤其是政府官员。但他们在圣诞节会给某些人送礼物的，以便来感谢他们。

（1）细节题。根据You usually open a present at once and in front of the person who gives it except Christmas and birthday presents.可知对于圣诞礼物和生日礼物，美国人通常不在给予者面前打开礼物，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据第一段的第一句话可判断A是错误的。根据第一段第一句话和第二段可推断B项是正确的。根据最后一段可知在圣诞节不是给每个人礼物的，可知C项是不正确的。根据第一段和第二段最后一句话可推断D项是错误的。故选B。

（3）主旨题。根据整篇文章大意可知本文介绍了美国人送礼物的文化风俗，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

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一、中考英语阅读理解汇编 1．阅读上面的信息，选择正确答案。 ① Jackie, Are you good at fixing printers? The one in my office doesn't work. Please help! Grace ② You can make a cake in about fifteen minutes. First, heat the oven to 350℉. Then, put the flour （面粉） in a bowl and add the milk, butter, eggs and salt. ③ Found A purple schoolbag. Found at the gate. Call Janet at 457-4611. ④ Telephone Message From: Luke Sanger To: Mr. Miller Message: Call him back at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29 at his office number （234-3688）. ⑤Our running club members meet at 7: 00 p.m. every Wednesday. We run in two groups: Beginners （for anyone ） The experienced （for runners who can do 12miles or more ） Join us to keep fit! Call Esteban Lopez at 617-555- 3697. A. office B. mobile phone C. printer D. cake （2）We may read Text ② in a ________. A. cookbook B. music magazine C. weather report D. story book （3）Text ③ should be a ________. A. thank-you note B. letter C. postcard D. notice （4）According to Text④, Luke Sanger should be ________ at 3: 00 p. m. on June 29. A. at home B. in the office C. on the plane D. at the restaurant （5）In Test ⑤, the running club members meet ________. A. once a week B. twice a week C. once a month D. twice a month 【答案】 （1）C （2）A （3）D （4）B （5）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文介绍感谢信，蛋糕制作流程，失物招领，和电话和俱乐部等的信息。 （1）细节题。根据 Are you good at fixing printers? 可知打印机出了问题，故选C 。 （2）推断题。本则内容主要介绍如何做蛋糕，因此此则信息可能来自烹饪的书籍，故选A 。

2019中考英语阅读理解试题

假设你是B哦，你的同桌感冒了，请你阅读下面这段短文，然后给他写一封关于怎样预防感冒的信，现在已经基本为你写好了。请仔细阅读短文，然后根据短文内容在横线上填上恰当的单词，每条横线不准超过4个单词。 It’s easy for us teenagers to catch cold in winter and spring. But we can do a lot to stay healthy. Here is some advice. \ Wash your hands often, which will stop germs (细菌) passing from one person to another. Don’t use your hands when coughing. Use a tissue (纸巾), and then throw it away at once.Turn your head away from people near you when you are coughing. Get some fresh air. Germs like staying in dry and warm rooms. So you’d better keep your windows open at night when you are sleeping, or you won’t have enough fresh air. If flu (流感) is going round your house or school, you should try to stay away from those who are ill. Boil (煮) your toothbrush for about a minute, which kills germs. Dear Mark, I’m sorry hear that you’ve got a cold. Have you seen the doctor yet? Well, just do as the doctor tells you. It is easy for us to catch cold in such weather. I’ve just read a passage about how to keep away form cold. Now, let me tell you about you about it. First, you should often wash your hands because that can (86) __________________from one to another. Second, when you are coughing, you’d better (87)__________________ and them throw it into a dustbin. Also if you are coughing,near somebody, you should (98) ___________________.Third, when you sleep at night, your windows (99) ___________________so that you can get enough fresh air. And fourth, wherever you are, you should try to stay away from those who got flu. Boil your toothbrush for a while now and then, so that germ (100) _____________________ Hope you will get better soon. Yours Bob Tokyo, London, and New York are among the largest cities in the world. Do you know how big and how old they are? How many famous places are there in these three cities? Well, Tokyo has the biggest number of people. It has 9,000,000 people. London, however, is the largest of the three. It covers 600 square miles. New York is almost as large. London is also much older than either Tokyo or New York. It is over 1,600 years old. Tokyo is the second oldest; it really began in 1457. New York is the youngest. Today there are many famous places in these three cities. The TV tower in Tokyo is over 1,000feet high. The two most important theatre districts in the world are in London and New York. Hundreds and thousands of visitors from foreign countries are visiting each of the three cities every day. All the three cities are playing an important role in the word affairs 56.Maybe there are_______ people in the city of London. A.9,000,000 B.8,000,000 C.9,300,000 D.10,000,000 57. New York is almost as large as________. A. London B. Tokyo C. Beijing D. Paris