百思英语八年级上
Unit 1
Newspapers
单元话题新闻媒体
语法知识情态动词：should和ought to
单元任务1．了解新闻制作的基本细节；2．学习编辑英文班报、手抄报；3．学习用英语进行简单的采访；4．根据身边发生的事写新闻报道。
背景知识
报纸的分类：
依照出版周期的不同，可分为：日报(daily)、半周报(semi—weekly)、周报(weekly)等。依照出版时间的不同，可分为：日报(daily paper)、早报(morning paper)、晚报(evening paper)和星期日报(Sunday newspaper)。
一些世界知名的报纸：
英国：太阳报(The Sun)http://www．The sun．https://www.wendangku.net/doc/da12073355.html,；
泰晤士报https://www.wendangku.net/doc/da12073355.html,
美国：纽约时报(The New York Times)http://www.nytimes．com；
洛杉矶时报(Los Angeles Times)http://www．latimes．com；
华盛顿邮报(The Washington Post)http://www．washingtonpost．com
中国：人民日报(People’s Daily)http://www．people．com．cn；
中国日报(China Daily)http://www．chinadaily．com．cn；
星岛日报(Singtao Daily of Hong Kong)http://www．singtao．
日本：朝日新闻(The Asahi Shimbun)http://www．asahi．corn
新加坡：联合早报(Lianhe Zaobao)http://www．zaobao．com
形近词team(团队) →tem(学期)
lift(举)→1ist(清单)
three(Z) →free(免费的)
match(比赛) →march(行进)
thief(d、偷) →}chief(主要的)
note(笔记) →vote(投票)
man(人) →fan(风扇)
never(从不) →ever(曾经)
police(警察) →p01ite(礼貌的)
lovely(可爱雕J)--40nely(孤单的)
edition(版本) →editor(编辑)
sand(沙子) →band(乐队)
may(可以) →pay(付费)
词中有词secret(秘密) →secretary(秘书) tall(高的) →stall(摊位)
以con-开头consider(考虑) conclude(下结论) confidence(自信心)congratulation(祝贺) 以-ment结尾equipment(装备) instrument(乐器) department(部门)
以-nic结尾clinic(诊所) picnic(野餐)
以-clude结尾conclude(下结论) include(包括)
词性变换suggest(v．建议) →suggestion (n．建议)
speech(n．演讲) →speak(v．说)
activity(n.活动)_active(adj.活泼的)
pleased(adj．高兴的) →please(v．取悦)
合成词teen(青少年)+age(年龄) →teenage(青少年的)
Reading A
1. Later，Ben wrote this report about their meeting for the head teacher．
后来，本为班主任写了这份关于他们的会议的报告。
about prep．在句中的意思是“有关、关于”，近义词为0n，但0n表示“关于”时多用于专业的学述性书籍前或指关于某一个特定的主题。
What do you know about him?关于他，你知道些什么?
I went to listen to a lecture on Shakespeare yesterday．
昨天我去听了关于莎士比亚的讲座。
【拓展】about oar．大约
2. hold a meeting开会；相当于have a meeting。
0ur teachers often hold a meeting on Friday afternoon.我们的老师经常在周五下午开会。
3. First．we decided to elect the chief editor．首先，我们决定推选主编。
elect秽．选举，推选
They elected me to be the secretary．他们选我当秘书。
【拓展】election m选举 election results选举结果
4. suggest v．建议，提议
【用法1】suggest+名词／动名词短语
He suggested(having)a rest．他建议休息一下。
I suggested going for a holiday．我提议去度假。
【用法21 suggest+(that)从句，注意that从句的谓语动词用原形
He suggested(that)we(should)finish the work today．他建议我们今天完成工作。
I suggest(that)we go to see a film．我建议我们去看电影。
【用法3】suggest + sth．+ to sb．或suggest to sb．sth．
What did you suggest to the manager? 你向经理提了什么建议?
【拓展】suggestion n．建议
5. experience陀．[U]经验；[C]经历，阅历
Sorry．I don’t have enough experience for the job．对不起，我没有足够的经验做这项工作。
【拓展】experienced面．有经验的
Mr. Smith is an experienced doctor．史密斯先生是一位有经验的医生。
6. Then we all voted for her．然后我们全部都投票赞成她。
vote vi．投票，(通过投票或举手等)表决，常与for，against等连用。
vote for投票赞成；vote against投票反对
Most of the villagers voted for Mr．Chen，but some of them still voted against him．大多数村民都投票赞成陈先生，但有一部分人仍然反对他。
【拓展】vote玩[C]投票、表决；voter n．[C]选举人
7. take charge of主管，掌管，负责管理
Who will take charge of the department? 谁将主管这个部门?
【拓展】in charge of负责
8. ask for(sth.)需要、要求(某物)，ask sb．for sth．向某人要某物
Don’t always ask me for money．不要老是向我要钱。
When he has problems，he always asks his parents for advice．
他遇到问题时，总是向父母征求意见。
9. I started taking notes．我开始做记录。
start开始；后面可加to do或doing，相当于begin。
I started playing the erhu when l was five years old．我五岁时就开始拉二胡了。 She began to cry after hearing the bad news．听了这则坏消息后她开始哭了。
take notes记录，做笔记
He always takes notes at the meeting．开会时他总是做记录。
10.You will be responsible for different sections of the paper.你将负责报纸的不同栏目。 be responsible for负责，有责任
As a bus—driver，you must be responsible for the safety of the passengers．作为一名公共汽车司机，你必须对乘客的安全负责任。
11.talk(sth．)over详谈(某事)；讨论(某事)
After we talked it over at the last meeting，we decided to elect her to be the secretary．在上次会议上讨论之后，我们决定推选她当秘书。
12.Should it be free for readers, or should they pay for it?
这份报纸是免费提供给读者还是要读者花钱买呢?
be free for(sb．)对(某人)免费pay for付费(款)
The tickets are free for children，but adults must pay for them．小孩免票,但成年人必须购票。
【拓展】free砌．自由的：空闲的
13.consider v．思考，考虑；后接名词或动名词。
Please consider my suggestion．请考虑我的建议。
I’m considering becoming a librarian．我正考虑当一名图书管理员。
14.【辨析】a bit，a bit of和a little
a bit一点，后常接形容词、副词；a bit of一点，后接不可数名词。a little(既可接
形容词，又可接不可数名词)
The jacket is a bit／a little big for me．这件夹克对我来说有点大。
He had a bit of／a little bread just now．刚才他吃了一点面包。
15.We agreed to conclude the meeting then．我们同意结束这次会议。
agree to do sth．同意做某事
He agreed to teach me English．他同意教我英语。
conclude V．结束；下结论
The meeting concluded at six o’clock．会议在六点钟结束。
【拓展】agree with sb．同意某人；agree to sth．同意某物(如a plan等)
16.in one week’s time一周后，相当于in one week。
“in+时间段”常用于将来时态的句子中,类似的表达有:in one year’s／month’s time一年后/一个月后
John will come back from Canada in one week’s time．约翰一周后会从加拿大回来。【拓展】after a week和a week later也表示“一周后”，但它们常用于过去时态的句子中。Reading B
1.【辨析】read，see，look和watch
read读,看,强调看书、报纸等的内容;see看见,强调看的结果,也可以表示看电影、参观、观光、会见、会面等，有时也表示明白，相当于understand；look表示看的动作；watch 则表示观看球赛、比赛、看电视、看守等。
Do you read our school newspaper every day? 你每天看我们的校报吗?
I looked carefully．but I couldn’t see anythin g．我仔细地看，但我什么也看不见。 They watched a football game between Italy and China．
他们看了一场意大利对中国的足球赛。
2. What do you think of the games in the newspaper? 你认为报中的游戏怎么样?
think of认为、觉得；想起、想、思索
I can’t think of her name at the moment．我一时想不起她的名字。
【拓展】think about考虑，思考；think over仔细想，深思熟虑，作进一步考虑
Listening
1. There were many students from different schools--about 400 in all．
有许多来自不同学校的学生——合计约400人。
in all合计
They were twenty in all．他们共有二十位。
2. take part in参加活动、会议等
Betty is going to take part in the high jump at the school sports meeting．贝蒂打算在校运会上参加跳高(项目)。
【辨析]join和join sb．in…
join指参加、DN．x．某一团体、组织，成为其中一员。
join the Party(League)／army入党(团)／参军
join sb．i n…指加入某人的行列并与其一起参加某一活动。
Will you join them in playing the game? 你会加入到他们一起玩游戏吗?
3. It was good fun．真是挺有趣的。
fun n．快乐，趣事
What fun the children had on the beach! 孩子们在沙滩上玩得真开心啊!
【拓展】funny卿．有趣的，滑稽的
Uncle Wang told US two funny stories．王叔叔给我们讲了两个有趣的故事。
4. include v．包括；包含
There are fifty-one desks in the classroom，including the teacher’s desk．包括讲台，教室里有五十一张桌子。
【拓展】inclusion n．包括；包含
5. belong to属于
Who does the book belong to? 这本书是谁的?
6. congratulation n．祝贺；恭喜，常用复数形式。
--Our class won the girls’200-metre race．我们班赢了女子200米比赛。
--Congratulations! 恭喜(你们)!
【拓展】congratulate v．向……道贺／祝贺
Speaking and writing
1. I also have the habit of reading English for half an hour every morning．
我还有每天早上读半小时英语的习惯。
have the habit of 有……的习惯
Tony has the habit of running every day．托尼有每天跑步的习惯。
2. I was a bit nervous，but I tried to believe in myself．
我虽然有点紧张，但是我设法相信自己。
try to do sth．尽力做某事
We must try to do everything well for the Asian Games.我们要尽力为亚运会做好每件事。 believe in oneself相信自己
You should believe in yourself．你应该相信自己。
3. be pleased with…对……感到满意
pleased卿．高兴的，满意的
My parents are very pleased with my exam．我父母对我的考试感到
【拓展】be pleased to so sth．做……感到高兴
be pleased that+从句对……感到愉快／高兴
More practice
1. …but I haven’t felt lonely at all since I arrived．
……但是，自从我来到这里，我一点也不感到孤独。
lonely卿．孤独的、寂寞的；强调情感上的孤独，常用在be动词和感官动词后作表语，也可放在名词前作定语，表示“(人)孤独的，(地方)荒凉的”，如：a lonely island(一个孤岛)。强调数量上的一个时，用alone，表示“单独一个”的意思，常跟在行为动词后作副词或be动词后作形容词。
The old man feels lonely because he lives alone.这位老人因为一个人住,所以感到很孤独。
2. It’s very kind of you but I only know …你真好，但是我只懂得……。
It’s +adj．+of+sb．+(to do sth．)表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。句型中的形容词常用来描述动作的执行者的性格、品质。常用的这类词还有：good，nice，polite，clever，lazy，careful，right，wrong等。
It’s very nice of you to say so．你这样说真好。
【拓展】It’s+adj．+for+sb．+(to do sth．)表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。常见的可用于此句型的形容词有：important，difficult，dangerous，safe，useful，interesting等。
3. keep(on)doing sth．坚持／继续／不断／反复做某事，同义短语有：go on doing sth．，continue doing sth．
Mr．Adams said he would keep on studying Chinese．亚当斯先生说他将继续学习汉语。
I hope it won’t go on raining all day．我希望不会整天下雨。
Language语法专讲
Modal verbs：should and ought to情态动词：should和ought to
1. should作情态动词时，意为“应当，应该”，表示建议，无人称、时态和数的变化。其
否定式是
should not(shouldn’t)。
You should stay at home and do your homework．你应该留在家里做作业。
He shouldn’t drink so much wine．他不该喝那么多酒。
2. ought to意为“应该、理应”，表示义务和责任，语气比should强。无人称、时态和数
的变化。
其否定式是ought not(oughtn’t)t o。
We ought to elect a secretary now．我们应该现在推选一名秘书。
You ought not to tell her the bad news．你不应该把这个坏消息告诉她。
Reading A
一、单词拼写
1. The students held a meeting to discuss whether to (出版)a newspaper．
2. I (建议)you buy a new computer．
3. Miss Liu is a good English teacher with lots of teaching (经验)．
4. As a student，my (主要的)work is to study hard．
5. It is not polite for you to——(考虑)only yourself．
6. Don’t (结束)the meeting so quickly．We should think about it a bit longer．
二、单项选择
1. They decided to elect Sally the captain，so they all her．
A. voted B．voted with C．voted for D．voted against
2. 一Ⅵmat does your sister do?
--She is a in a company and her manager is kind to her．
A．editor B．farmer C．accountant D．secretary
3. Miss Li is a secretary．She taking notes at the meeting．
A. takes a charge of
B.takes the charge of
C.takes charge of
D.takes a charge for
4. As an adult(成年人)，you should yourself．
A.responsible with
B.be responsible for
C.responsible to
D.be responsible of
5. They will the project at the meeting．
A．discuss，about B．think，about C．talk，over D．speak．out
6. They are buying a new apartment．
A. considering B．thinking C．paying D．concluding
7. The book is not for free．You should for it．
A．take B．spend C．cost D．pay
8. We will publish our school’s first newspaper ．
A．after one week’s time B．after a week time
C．in a week’s time D．for one week’s time
9. Ben is a reporter animals and now he is writing a report tigers. A．on，on B．on，about C．about，about D. about, on
10. This meeting lasted longer than that one．
A．very B．a lot of C．a bit D．a bit of
三、完成句子
1. 我帮妈妈列了一份购物单。
I for my mother．
2. 这个公园对老年人免费开放。
This park the old．
4. 他们选了他当校长。
They him the head master．
5. 你应该尽快对这个计划做出决定。
You should the plan as soon as possible．Reading B
一、选词填空
vote for,take notes,pay for,be flee for,be responsible for,make a list of,for free
1. We Linda because she has experience and is the captain of the badminton team．
2. A secretary is good at quickly at a meeting．
3. Buses the children under 1.2 metres．
4. They are all my children．I them．
5. Well，I didn’t get the ticket here．I had to it．
6. Today’s homework is to you r family’s hobbies．
二、单词拼写
1. He is a (迷)of Yao Ming．
2. If you can’t pay for the book，you can borrow one from the l ．
3. A good editor should have a lot of writing (经验)．
4. After talking for a long time，they c the meeting at last．
三、完成句子
1. 在国外一些国家，孩子们免费上学。
Children go to school in
2. 如果有可能的话，我会考虑一下这本书上的游戏。
If ，I will the games .
3. 我姐姐以前没有现在这么瘦。
My sister was not she is now．
4. 他们的意见已经帮了我们很多。
Their opinions US .
Listening
一、单项选择
1. The club had the school band a special concert last night．
A．to join B．to join in C．take part in D．to take part in
2. There are in our new music room．
A．many equipments B．much instrument
C．a lot of equipment D．a lot of instruments
3. is very interesting around the game stalls．
A．This，march B．It，marching C．It，to march D．That，to march
4. A helicopter took some photos of our activity ．
A．at the air B．on the air C．by the air D．from the air
5. Last Sunday，our team won the last game．
A．school girl volleyball B．school’s girls’volleyball
C．scho ol girls’volleyball D．school’s girl volleyball
6. Success always hard—working men．
A．belongs to B．is belong to C．are belong to D．belong to
7. I have to make breakfast for 9 people， me．
A．include B．included C．including D．to include
二、完成句子
1. 我们学校的音乐室对学生免费开放。
Our school’s music rooms students．
2. 在我们开始跳舞之前，我们先围成一个大圆圈。
Before we started ,we first．3. 谁掌管我们学校实验室的设备?
Who the in our schoollabs? Language语法专练
一、用should(shouldn’t)或ought to(ought not to)填空。
1. I told him that he tell the police at once about the thief．
2. He drive so fast．It’s dangerous．
3. We should return the bag to him．We keep it．
4. We see the monkeys first．They are so lovely．
二、完成句子
1. 你不应该相信他说的话。
You what he said．
2. 我应该告诉你父母这件事，但是我不会的。
I your parents about this，but I won’t．
3. 在仔细考虑好之前她不该立刻开始.
She at once before thinking it over．4. 我们应该早睡早起。
We early and go to bed early．
Speaking and writing
一、完成句子
1. 我有每天写日记的习惯。
I writing a diary every day．
2. 只要相信自己，就一定能行。
You can do it as long as you .
3. 没有自信心，你将一事无成。
You can achieve nothing ．
4. 我对我们的新校服很满意。
I our new school uniform.
5. 这是我第一次参加演讲比赛，因此我感到有点紧张。
This is my first time to take part ill the ，so I feel
.
二、写作指导
【要求】
学校刚刚举办完校运会，假设你是Ben——校报的一名记者，请你为校报写一篇报道。【内容】
校运会很激烈很有趣，每位同学都全情投入。其中八年级七班的Allen表现最佳，他参加跳高和100米赛跑都获得了冠军。你采访他后得知他平时酷爱体育，每天下午放学后都去训练。他说他在比赛之前也会很紧张，但对自己很有信心，因此能够赢得比赛。
【提示】
1.请注意人称：因为这是一篇报道，报道的是他人的事迹，所以应该主要用第一人称。
2.请注意时态：因为比赛和采访都已经结束，所以文章主要的时态应该用一般过去时。
3.这是一篇登在校报卜的报道，要求有题目。
4.“全情投入”可以用enjoy oneself或者have a good time来表示；“获得冠军”可以用win the first prize来表示。
【范文】
Who was the best in the Spots Meeting?
by Ben
The school sports meeting was over．It was very exciting and interesting．Everybody enjoyed it very much．Allen，a student from Class 7，Grade 8，was the best sportsman in the meeting.He won the first prize in the high jump and the 100—metre race．He said he liked sports very much and practised every day after class.He said he was very nervous before the competition.But he had confidence,so he could do a good job．More practice
一、单词拼写
1. (信心)is very important for everyone．
2. He was too (紧张)to say a word．
3. At (休息的时候)，I made a list of topics to discuss at the class meeting．
4. The English (部门)is on the eighth floor．
5. The Olympics (委员会)did a very good job in the 2008
6. I was ill yesterday and my mother took me to the (诊所)．
7. I am going to (设计)a wedding dress for the fashion show．
8. You must (归还)the book to the library on time．
9. The old woman lives alone in a village，but she never feels (孤独的)．
10.At (目前)，she is living with her friends in London．
二、选词填空
1. Everyone has a hobby ．
2. Li Ming going to bed before 11 p．m．
3. Don’t be nervous．Please ．
4. I play basketball on the playground .
5. I don’t feel well today because I last night．
6. Zhen Hui wanted to discuss an English exercise with her teacher．，
she looked a little bit nervous．
7. Miss Lin does exercise every day to ．
8. Mingming is a polite boy，so he always with his classmates．
语言知识应用
第一节单项选择
1. --I am sorry，but I will my mistake．—Never mind．
A．responsible for B．responsible to C．be responsible for D．be polite to 2. This manager is different sections of the company．He is always busy． A．in charge of B．in the charge of C．in charge for D．in the charge for 3. Miss Lin is kind to us and all of us like to elect her ．
A．be our head teacher B．do our head teacher
C．to do our head teacher D．to be our head teacher
4. I will your suggestions and give you my opinion later．
A．think of B．think about C．think for D. talk over
5. We help the people in need．
A．can B．ought C．should D. could
6. Boys and girls，when you do the listening，please use your pens to ．
A．write notes B．take notes C．read notes D．do notes
7. When Xiao ling stood in front of her classmates,she felt too to say anything． A．pleased B．worry C．interesting D．nervous
8. I have a lot of good friends， my pet dog Bobo．
A．include B．including C．included D．includes
9. I study in a middle school far from my home，so I go home ．
A．at break B．of my own C．once a week D．not at all
10.一Mum．I won the first place in the final exam．一 !
A．Good luck B．Congratulations C．Of course D．Thank you
第二节语法选择
Newspapers are very important in our daily life．Many people 11 their day by 12 the newspaper．In 13 way they learn what is going on in the world．Sometimes，however，they don’t have the time to read the news 14 and must be pleased with a quick look at the front page．At other times they may be in 15 hurry that they only have time to have a quick look at the headlines．
There are newspapers to please every reader．In big cities there are many types of newspapers 16 several different editions every day．In some towns there are 17 newspapers and perhaps only one edition each day．In some places the paper is printed 18 ．
Most papers have several editions，especially on Sundays when the edition is 19 than usual．There are， 20 the front page with the most important news，the sports news，the amusement page，a business page and so on．
11. A．begin B．begins C．began D．is beginning
12. A．read B．reads C．reading D．to read
13. A．this B．that C．the D．its
14. A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．more carefully
15. A．so a B．so an C．such a D．such an
16. A．have B．has C．with D．without
17. A．few B．fewer C．fewest D．the fewest
18. A．week B．weeks C．a week D．weekly
19. A．large B．larger C．largest D．the largest
20. A．except B．except for C．beside D.besides
完形填空
A good memory is a great help in learning a language．Everybody 1 his own language by remembering what he 2 when he is a small child．Some boys and girls who live 3 with their parents seem to learn two languages almost as 4 as one. In school it is not easy to learn 5 language because the pupils have 6 ，time for it，and they are busy with other subjects,too．
A man’s mind is rather 7 a camera．It takes photos not only of what we see。but of what we feel．hear．smell and taste． 8 we take a real photo with a camera，we have much to do before the photo is finished and ready to 9 to our friends．In the same there is much work to be done before we can take a picture for ever
in our mind．
1. A．1eams B．speaks C．talks D．says
2. A．1istens B．hears C．hears of D．listens to
3. A．in big cities B．in their schools
C．in their hometowns D．in foreign countries
4. A．easy B．easily C．hard D．hardly
5. A．a second B．the second C．our own language D．the English
6. A．such little B．so 1ittle C．such few D．so few
7. A．same B．as C．1ike D．similar
8. A．Where B．How C．Why D．When
9. A．show B．give C．send D．lend
10.A．idea B．way C．time D．opinion
阅读理解
Look at the poster(海报)below：
A
1. The poster mainly talks about ．
A．a new movie at school B．a dance party at school
C．an outdoor activity D．a fashion show at school
2. Which of the following is Not true in this Social?
A．You can dance and make friends． B．You can buy snacks or coke as you wish． C．You can see movies there． D．You can win the prizes at the party．3. Where can you buy the ticket?
A．At the schoolyard． B．At the cinema．
C．At the Students’ Club． D．At the canteen．
4. What do you have to wear in the Social?
A．Jeans． B．Fancy dress． C．School uniforms．D．Party dresses．
B
Here is a page from a magazine named Future．Read the following information about things that may happen in ten years．And then do the exercise below．
GET READY FOR THE FUTURE
A．Cars will run on solar power(太阳能)or electricity and will be much cleaner．They will be much safer．For example，if you are too close to another car or if you are driving too fast，your car will slow down by itself．
B．Because there won’t be any spare land，new cities will have to be built in the sea．Some cities on water will have two levels(层)．People will live on the upper level；the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories．C．Biotechnology(生物技术)will make food better and healthier．Plants that are not affected(影响)by insects or illnesses will be developed．The taste of fruits and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer．
D．New technology will be used to make TVs that are only 5cm thick．They will have pictures that are as clear as photos．Electrical appliances(家用电器)will be quieter and will be controlled by computer；they will also use 50％less power．E．Many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful by using products of genetic engineering(基因产品)．Cures will be found for the flu and the common cold．However，some new illnesses will also appear．
判断下列句子是否正确，正确的写“T”，错误的写“F”
5. Cars using solar power or electricity will cause fewer accidents and less pollution.
6. People will be able to live in the new cities in the sea．
7. Biotechnology will help divide food into two groups：better food and healthier food.
8. Electrical appliances will save 50％of power because they are controlled by computer.
9. Genetic engineering can help doctors to cure illnesses．
10.The information above is about the history of the development of modem science．写作运用
第一节单词拼写
1. We chose a man with a lot of teaching e as our new teacher．
2. I am very (please)to see that you get on well with your classmates．
3. The doctor s I take the medicine three times a day．
4. Thank you for lending me your bike．If possible，1 will r it to you tonight．
5. Believe in yourself and you also need (自信心)．
第二节完成句子
6. 我们部门将在一周后对你的计划做出决定。
Our will your plan in a week’s time．7. 我们应该有早起的习惯。
We should have early in the morning．8. 这个公园不是免费开放的，每次进去都要付款。
The park everyone and you must every time you enter it．
9. 他对人很有礼貌，因为这个原因，我们都投票赞成他。
He is polite to others．，all of us him．
10.她在课余休息时间设计了一些设备。
She some at break．
第三节书面表达
【要求】
请写一篇70词左右的短文，报道你们学校学生的课余活动情况。
【提示】
11活动丰富多彩，有的喜欢玩电脑游戏，有的喜欢去图书馆看书，有的喜欢和朋友们到处逛街
等等，但只有一些同学喜欢去做运动；
2、你的建议。
Unit 2
Detective and crimes
单元话题侦探故事
语法知识动词不定式和动名词
单元任务1．阅读侦探故事，了解侦探的工作；
2．学习侦探如何通过蛛丝马迹找到真相，培养自己的观察能力和思维能力；
3．根据最近发生的事故或案件，写一篇报道。
背景知识
柯南·道尔
柯南·道尔(1859．1930)英国杰出的侦探小说家、剧作家。被称为“英国侦探小说之父”，是世界最畅销书作家之一。其作品合乎逻辑的推理引人入胜，结构跌宕起伏，人物形象鲜明。其塑造的侦探家福尔摩斯已成为家喻户晓的小说人物。对于其艺术成就，英国著名小说家毛姆曾说：“和柯南·道尔所写的《福尔摩斯探案全集》相比，没有任何侦探小说曾享有那么大的声誉。”
柯南·道尔一共写了60个关于福尔摩斯的故事，56部短篇和4部中篇小说。这些故事在40年间陆续在《海滨杂志》上发表，这是当时的习惯做法(查尔斯·狄更斯也曾用类似的形式发表小说)。故事主要发生在1878年到l907年问，最晚的一个故事是以l914年为背景。这些故事中两个是以福尔摩斯自己的口吻写的，还有两个是以第三人称写的，其余都是华生的叙述。
单词巧记—一遍记牢
形近词pear(梨)→pearl(珍珠)
mad(疯狂的)→mud(泥浆)
cheek(脸颊) →check(检查)
meat(肉) →}mean(意味着)
tail(尾巴) →jail(监狱)
father(父亲) →rather(非常)
vase(花瓶) →case(调查的案件)
experience(经验) →experiment(实
验)
bell(铃) →belt(腰带)
cricket(板球) →ticket(门票)
tell(告诉) →spell(拼写)
jump(跳) →bump(撞)
dead(死的) →}death(死亡)
词中有词phone(电话)---}telephone(电话) train(火车) →trainer(运动鞋)
反义词safe(安全的) →dangerous(危险的)
empty(空的) →full(满的)
refuse(拒绝) →*accept(接受)
合成词ear(耳朵)+ring(戒指) →earring(耳环) neck(脖子)+lace(花边) →necklace(项链) door(门)+way(道路) →doorway(门口)
Reading A
1. al well as意为not only…but als o不但……而且……
as well as连接两个主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致；而not only．．．but
also连接两个主语时，谓语动词与后而的主语保持人称和数的一致。
The students as well as their head teacher are going there．=Not only the students but also their head teacher is going there．不仅学生而且他们的班主任也要去那里。
2. Then he locked it in the safe in his house．然后他把它锁在他家里的保险箱里。
safe n．保险柜，保险箱
The boss bought a new safe and put it in his office．老板买了一个新保险柜放在他办公室里。
【拓展】safe adj．安全的
反义词：dangerous危险的
They have to find a safe place for their children.他们必须为孩子找个安全的地方。
3. deny v．否认；否定；不承认；后可接名词或动名词。
The thief denied stealing a pearl necklace in the shop．
这小偷否认在商店里偷了一条珍珠项链。
4. proof n．[U]证据，证明，证实；[C]物证
Can you show proof of your nationality? 你能出示你的国籍证明吗?
All these proofs proved that he was guilty．所有这些证据都证明他是有罪的。
【拓展】prove v．证明，证实
5. admit v．承认；后可接名词或动名词，也可接that从句。
I admitted my mistake．我承认了我的错误。
He admitted breaking the window．他承认打破了窗户。
6. So Jill was no longer a suspect．因此吉尔不再是嫌疑犯。
no longer不再；相当于not…any longer，not…any more。
no longer一般放在行为动词前或be动词后，而not…any longer／more通常放在句末。
Mr.Zhu no longer worked in the museum.=Mr.Zhu d idn’t work in the museum any longer.
朱先生不再在博物馆工作了。
He is no longer a naughty boy．=He isn’t a naughty boy any more．
他不再是个调皮的男孩。
7. mean v．意味着，含……之意
It meant that he wasn’t a dangerous man．这意味着他不是一个危险人物。
What do you mean by saying that? 你那样说是什么意思?
【拓展】mean耐．粗陋的，卑鄙的，丢脸的
8. So I questioned Li and，in the end，he admitted stealing his own vase．
因此我询问李，最后他承认偷了他自己的花瓶。
question秽．询问，审问；对……感到怀疑
The police have questioned him．警方已审问了他。
【拓展】question儿．问题，疑问
Edison asked the teacher a lot of questions．爱迪生问了老师很多问题。
9. He wanted to make Jill go to jail instead of himself．
他想让吉尔代替他进监狱(坐牢)。
make sb/sth．do sth．让(使)某人／物做某事；后接不带to的动词不定式，也可接形容词或名词，表示令(使)某人／物(怎么样)。
make me happy令我开心；make the door open让门开着；
make me the monitor让我做班长
The boss made the workers work all day and all night．
老板逼使工人们日日夜夜地工作。
instead of代替；后可接名词或动名词。
I’d like to watch TV at home instead of going to see a film．我宁愿待在家里看电视也不愿去看电影。
Reading B
1. Someone cheated you．有人欺骗了你。
cheat v．欺骗，骗取
Don’t cheat in an examination．不要在考试中作弊。
He cheated his friend out of his money．他骗取了他朋友的钱。
【拓展】cheatn．骗子，欺骗
Don’t believe in him．He is a cheat．别相信他，他是个骗子。
2. Where were you between 6 and 11 p．m．last night?
昨晚6点到l l点的时候你在哪里?
between…and…在……和……之问
These students are between 11 and 13 years old．这些学生在11到13岁之间。
3. empty adj．空的；反义词：full满的
There are many empty boxes in the room．房间里有很多空盒子。
Listening
1. I invited her to the cinema that evening．那天晚上我邀请她去看电影。
invite口．邀请，invite sb．to…邀请某人到……
Mary invited many friends to her birthday party．
玛丽邀请了许多朋友参加她的生日派对。
【拓展】invitation玩请帖，请谏，邀请
2. Next to the cinema is a bookshop,so I went in to look around while I waited for Jill.
电影院隔壁有一问书店，所以我在等吉尔时进去看了一圈。
look around环顾四周，四处看看
【拓展】与look有关的常用短语：look at看，look after照顾，look up查字典，look over 检查，look forward to盼望，look for寻找
wait for等候，等待；wait(for sb．)to do sth．等(某人)做某事
He looked around but saw nobody was waiting for him．
他四周看了看，但没看见有人在等他。
3. She refused to speak to me at first．起初她拒绝和我讲话。
refuse to(do sth．)拒绝(做某事)
I was so angry that I refused to go with her．我如此生气以致我拒绝和她一起去。Speaking and writing
1. Now they must make up a false story．现在他们必须编造一个故事。
make up编造，捏造
He made up an excuse for his absence(缺席)．他为自己的缺席编造了一个理由。【拓展】make up one’s mind(to do sth．)下决心、决定(做某事)
2. bump into sb./sth．碰撞到某人／某物
The room was so dark that I bumped into the wall．房间很黑，以致我碰到墙上了。【拓展】knock sb．down把某人撞倒／击倒／打倒
More practice
1. solve v．解决，解答
Tom often helps others to solve all kinds of troubles．
汤姆经常帮助别人解决各种困难。
【拓展】solution n．(问题的)解答，(困难的)解决方式
2. take away带走，拿走；get away逃离；脱身
Several robbers entered the Bank of China and took away a lot of money．几名盗贼闯入中国银行，抢走了许多钱。
The thief got away before the police arrived．警察到来之前小偷已逃离(现场)。【拓展】move away搬开；run away逃走；put away把……收拾好，放好；
go away离开，走开
3. thousands of数以干计的，成千上万的。用于表达一个大概数目，前面不加基数词。类
似的表达有：hundreds／millions／billions of数以百计的／上百万的／数以亿计的当表示具体数目时，用“基数词+hundred/thousand/million/billlion”，数量单位后不加s或of，如：two hundred／thousand people两百／千人。
Nothing much changed for thousands of years．
数千年来情况一直这样。
Every year thousands of people come here for a holiday．
每年成千上万的人来这里度假。
4.【辨析】however和but
however是副词．意思是“无论如何；然而，依然”，可位于句首、句中或句末；but作副词时表示“不过，只”，作连词时表示“但是”，作介词时表示“除……以外”，不可置于句末。
He denied reading my diary，however，I had proof．
他否认看过我的日记，然而我有证据。
I was wrong，however．可是我错了。
I tried to do it but couldn’t．我尽力去做了，但是做不到。
Who but Jim would do such a thing? 除了吉姆还有谁会干这种事?
5. …a bank clerk must have fooled her．……肯定是银行的职员欺骗了她。
fool V．欺骗；几愚人，傻瓜
He’s a fool．他是一个傻子。
You can’t fool me!你骗不了我!
【拓展】foolish砌．愚蠢的，傻的
6. …and he seemed to have no enemies．……而且他似乎没有敌人。
seem to do sth．似乎、好像(做某事)
He didn’t seem to have changed．他似乎没变。
【拓展】It seems + that从句“似乎……”
It seems + adj．+ to sb．+to do sth．“在(某人)看来做(某事)似乎……”
seem也可作连系动词，后加形容词作表语，如：seem strange似乎有点奇怪
7. I left the window in the room open because of the smoke from the fire．
火炉在冒烟，因此我把房间的窗户打开。
leave(sb./sth．)+adj．使(某人／物)保持某一状态，近义词组：keep sb．／sth．+adj． His illness has left him weak．他的病使他身体虚弱。
【拓展】leave sth．+介词+地点名词把某物遗留在某地
leave sth．to sb．=leave sb．sth．给某人留下某物
because of“因为”，后加名词、代词或动名词，加从句时用because(因为)
They had to stay at home because of the heavy snow.因为大雪,他们不得不留在家中。
The boy can’t play football with you because he must finish his homework first．这男孩不能和你们一起踢足球，因为他要先做完作业。
8. …so she asked the servant to break the door down and found Adair lying near the table．
……因此，她叫仆人把门砸破，发现阿德尔躺在桌子旁边。
break…down打倒，砸破；而break into的意思是“强行闯入”。
A strange man broke my window down．一个陌生男子砸破了我的窗户。
I think someone broke into my bedroom last night．我认为昨晚有人闯入我的房间。 find(sb．)doing(sth．)发现(某人)正在做(某事)
I opened the door and found a man with black glasses stealing things in my house．
我打开门，发现有个戴着墨镜的男人正在我家偷东西。
拓展】find + it + adj．+to do sth．觉得做某事是……的
find sb．／sth．+砌．发觉某人／物……
9. appear v．似乎，好像；近义词：seem；后可接形容词、不定式或that从句。
Why does she appear so sad?她为何显得如此悲伤?
He appears to have many friends．他似乎有很多朋友。
It appears to me that no one lives in the house.在我看来似乎没人住在这栋房子里。
10.In addition to all this．there was nothing missing from the room．
而且．，房间里什么东西都没有丢失。
in addition to加之，除……以外(还)，相当于besides。
I have three other hats in addition to／besides this．
除了这顶之外，我还有三顶别的帽子。
missing adj．丢失的
At last，she found her book with two pages missing．
最后，她找到了掉了两页的那本书。
Language语法专讲
动词不定式和动名词
一、概念：动词不定式(由to+动词原形构成，以下用to do表示)和动名词(由动词-ing 形式构成，以下用doing表示)都是一种动词形式，没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不能独立作谓语(故称作非谓语动词)，但可充当其它各种成分：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状
语、表语。
二、英语中，有些动词后面接不定式(to do)，有些动词后面接动名词(doing)，而有些动词既可以接to do也可以接doing，还有些动词后面接不带to的不定式。
1. 后面接to do的动词有:agree,decide,hope,plan,want,wish,teach,ask,tell,refuse等。 She agreed to go with me,so we arranged to meet outside the cinema at seven o’clock．她同意和我一起去，因此我们安排七点钟在电影院外面见面。
I wanted to see Jill again．我想再见到吉尔。
He and his best friends planned to go to the cinema．他和他最好的朋友打算去看电影。 The nurse told him to phone his mother because he had a high fever．因为他发高烧了，所以护士叫他打电话给他妈妈。
2. 后面接doing的动词和短语动词有：enjoy，practise，finish，hate，suggest，mind，
miss，deny，admit，keep(on)，look forward to，give up等。
They both denied stealing the vase．他们俩都否认偷了花瓶。
Would you mind my opening the window? 你介意我开窗吗?
My son is practising playing the piano now．我儿子现在在练钢琴。
Have you finished reading the book?你读完这本书了吗?
3. 后面可接to do或doing两种形式的动词有：forget，remember，stop，learn，love，
like，try，begin．start等。但这两种结构的意义一般都有差别。
He forgot to lock the door when he left the classroom．他离开课室时忘记锁门。
I forgot meeting her somewhere．我忘记在什么地方见过她。
She stopped to talk to her friend on her way home．
在她回家的路上，她停下来和她朋友聊天。
Mr．King has stopped smoking．金先生已经戒烟了。
4. 后面接不带to的不定式的动词有：see，hear，watch，feel，notice，make，let，have
等。但help既可带to，也可不带to。
Don’t let the children play with fire．不要让孩子玩火。
I saw a man go into your house just now．刚才我看见一个男人进了你家里。
注意：see hear，watch，feel,notice等感官动词后也可跟现在分词,强调动作正在进行。
Can you see someone swimming in the river? It’s too dangerous! Let’s go and stop him．你能看见有人正在河里游泳吗?太危险了!咱们去阻止他吧。
Reading A
一、单词拼写
1. When I grow up，I want to be a (侦探)．
2. The little boy is (无罪的)，though his parents are (有罪的)．
3. Everything goes well with my (近来的)life．
4. When I passed by，I (注意到)her wearing a pair of black pearl earrings．
5. Tom is no longer a s ．He can leave the police station now．
6. The old man worked hard to buy (保险)for his wife．
7. 0n Mother’s Day，I bought a pearl n for my mother．
8. This red (地毯)is for the wedding．
二、单项选择
1. A detective protects the innocent finds the guilty．
A．as well B．with C．also D．as well as
2. The old lady lives ．but she never feels ．
A．alone，alone B．lonely，lonely C．alone，lonely D．lonely, alone
3. After the judge brought out some more proofs，he had to he was quilty． A．admit B．know C．notice D．deny
4. We must the answers carefully before we hand in the papers．
A．notice B．mean C．check D．question
5. Both Lily and Lucy denied the money in their mother’s drawer．
A．steal B．stealing C．to steal D．stole
三、完成句子
1. 最后，吉姆因为偷窃进了监狱。
At last，Jim because of theft．
2. 这起案件意味着另一个事情。我们不能忽略。
This another thing．We can’t ignore(忽略)．
3. 吉姆想当个警察，因为他想保护无罪的人并且找出犯人。
Jim a policeman，because he wants to protect the innocent find the guilty．
4. 我不得不承认我的想法太愚蠢了。
I that my idea was so stupid．
Reading B
一、单词拼写
1. From the clues，we can say that the young man is a s ．
2. As a d ,Mr．Ken hopes to protect the innocent and keep the society in peace．
3. With the help of the little girl，the policemen found the g man finally．
4. The young boy a breaking the window just now．
5. The rich man bought (保险)for his dog．
6. The carpet is full or (泥浆)in the rainy days．
二、选词填空
the same…as, no longer ,break into, behind bars, by underground, at the back of, go in
1. Last night．a young man the old woman’s house and stole a necklace．
2. Lucy has hobby Lily．Both of them like reading very much．
3. In London，most people go to work ．
4. I sit the classroom because I am the tallest boy in my class．
5. The thief will be for a month because of his stealing．
6. Mum，let me do everything by myself．I am a little child．
7. It is not polite to other’s room without knocking at the door．
三、完成句子
1. 他想代替他的朋友去坐牢。
He wanted to go to jail his friend．
2. 虽然陈小姐否认偷了花瓶，但是我注意到她的眼睛东张西望。
Miss Li denied the vase，but I her eyes ．
3. 我没有欺骗你，我是无辜的。
I didn’t you. I was ．
4. 下午2点到5点，这问餐馆是相当空的。
The restaurant is 2 p．m．and 5 p．m．．Listening
一、单词拼写
1. This (案件)is very difficult to deal with．
2. It is popular for the young to wear (牛仔裤)．
3. We often make e in physics lessons．I think it very exciting．
4. Before you go into the cinema，you need to buy a t ．
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I called her and invited her (see)a film with me．
2. The detective agreed (help)me to find the guilty man．
3. The little boy admitted(break)the vase．
4. I stay at home instead of (go)out at the weekend．
5. Don’t forget (rum oft)the light before you leave the living room．
6. His words made me (feel)nervous．
7. I noticed him (study)English when I came in．
8. They arranged (meet)outside the school gate after class．
9. The rich man refused (admit)his crime．
10.It is no use for you to deny (check)my e—mail．
三、短语翻译
1. 在我下班回家的路上 .
2. 停在一个电话亭旁 .
3. 四周看看 .
4. 让她快乐 .
5. 等候 .
Language 语法专练
一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. You should let her (finish)the work by herself．
2. Joy hopes (travel)to Beijing in August．
3. I heard a baby (cry)in the next room when I passed by．
4. Remember (tell)your mother about it when you go home．
5. You look tired．Why not stop (have)a rest?
6. I’m very sorry to keep you (wait)for a long time．
7. Her mother is teaching her (cook)dumplings．
8. He admitted (copy)Sam’s answers．
9. All the students like Mr．White because he often makes them (laugh)．
10.You’d better (take)an umbrella with you．
二、单项选择
1. Tom was asked in his test paper at once．
A．hand B．to hand C．handing D．handed
2. You’d better anything to Mary now．
A．not to say B．don’t say C．not say D．not saying
3. I saw a man in and down just now．
A．walk，sit B．to walk，sit C．walk，to sit D．walked，sat
4. Tom and Jill enjoy basketball on the playground．
A．play B．playing C．to play D．plays
5. —Do you mind my the window? 。
——Of course not．
A．close B．closes C．to close D．closing
Speaking and writing