超全超详细 人教版高中英语必修四各单元知识点总结
人教版英语必修四知识点总结
Unit1
achievement n. 成就；功绩
They are proud of their children’s achievements.
Although we have made some achievements, we still have a long way to go.
Even a small success gives you a sense of achievement.
achieve v. (凭长期努力)达到（某目标、地位、标准）；完成
He achieved his success after several years’ hard work.
I have achieved only half of what I had hoped to do.
connection n. 连接；关系；联系
Do you believe that there is a connection between smoking and a heart disease?
The machine won’t work because of a faulty connection.
He asked me many questions in connection with life in Britain.
His dismissal has no connection with the quality of his work.
behave vi. & vt.（举止或行为）表现
He behaved badly towards the guests.
How is your new car behaving?
She behaves as if/though nothing had happened.
Behave yourself, don’t make a fool of yourself.注意举止，出洋相/闹笑话
behaviour n. 态度；行为；举止
Their behaviour towards me shows that they don’t like me.
worth 作形容词时，意为“值得…的；有…价值的”，只作表语，其后接动词-ing表达被动含义，或与表示价值的词连用。
be (well) worth doing sth （很）值得做某事
The laptop is worth 10,000 yuan and it is well worth buying.
It is said that the programme is well worth watching.
worthy可作表语或定语，定语时，意思是“有价值的、值得尊敬的”；表语时，意思是“值得…的；应得到…的”，其结构为be worthy of sth., be worthy to be done/of being done.
It’s a worthy cause and is worthy of our hard work.
He who does his duty is worthy of being praised/ worthy to be praised.
The problem is worthy to be considered/of being considered.
= The problem is worthy of consideration.
worthwhile adj. 值得的，值得干的，值得花时间/金钱/精力的
Helping the disabled is a worthwhile activity.
The smile on her face made it all worthwhile.
It’s worthwhile to do sth. = it’s worthwhile doing sth. 做。。。是值得的
Do you think it is worthwhile spending/to spend so much money carrying out the project?
It’s worthwhile taking/to take the trouble to explain a job fully to new employees.
observe v. 观察；观测；看到；注意到；遵守；庆祝
She spent years observing and recording their daily activities.
She observed that all the chairs were already occupied.
He observed a stranger hanging around the store.
She observed someone open the door.
Tom was observed to steal from the shop.
The law must be strictly observed.
Do you observe Christmas in your country?
respect
vt. 尊重；尊敬；敬重
The media should respect famous people’s privacy.
I respect you for your honesty.
n. 尊重；敬重；（pl.）问候；敬意；方面
He has / shows no respect for the feelings of the others.
Give my respects to your wife.
I can’t agree with your opinions in this respect.
argue (argument n. 争论；争吵；辩论)
vt. 争吵；争论；辩论；说服
He argued with Mary over / about the best place for a holiday.
He argued for / against the five-day week. 他赞成/反对一周五天工作制。Argue sb. into doing sth. 说服。。。
I argued her into buying a new car.
They tried to argue him into joining them.
vi. 争论；主张；认为
She argued that our attempt would be a waste of time.
support
v. 支撑；维持；抚养；赡养
The chair isn’t strong enough to support that heavy man.支撑
Air, food and water are necessary to support life. 维持
He has to work hard to support his family. 抚养（养活）
v. / n. 支持；拥护；赞成
His family and friends have given him lots of support.
Only a few people spoke in support of the proposal.
I don’t support his opinion.
intend vt.打算；计划
intend to do sth. = intend doing sth. = be intended to do sth. 打算做某事Do you intend making / to make a long stay here?
= Are you intended to make a long stay here?
Intend sb. to do sth. 打算让某人做某事
He intended his son to manage the company.
I intend him to finish the task.
Be intended for…预定给…，专为…使用的
The chair was intended for you, but she took it away. 为你准备的
Be intended to do…意图/目的是…，旨在做…（主语常是sth.）
The meeting is intended to deal with some important problems.
The law was intended to protect women.
Intended to have done = had intended to do 本来打算做（但没做成）
I intended to have gone / I had intended to go to Beijing, bu t I didn’t get the tickets.本打算去She intended that her daughter should study English. 她打算让她的女儿学英语。
intention n. 意图；打算；目的
He has announced his intention to retire. 已经宣布
I have no intention of going to the wedding. 无意去参加
He left England with the intention of travelling in Africa. 离开英国打算去
considerate adj. 体贴的, 体谅的, 考虑周到的consideration n. 考虑，体谅
He is always considerate to old people. 一向体贴入微。
It was very considerate of you to send me a postcard. 想得真周到
After careful consideration, we’ve decided to accept their offer. 经过慎重考虑，决定接受提议。John never showed any consideration for his mother’s feeling.不体谅他母亲的感情
Your teacher will take your recent illness into consideration when judging your exam results.
老师评考分时肯定会考虑你最近生病的情况的
The question is now under consideration. 这个问题正在考虑之中。
deliver vt. & vi. 递送；生（小孩）；接生；发表（演说等）delivery n. 移交；释放
The telegram was delivered early this morning.
Mr. Smith delivered the opening speech. 致开幕词
She had gone to a neighbouring village to deliver a baby. 帮助接生去了
She was delivered of a healthy baby. 生下了一个健康的婴儿
He delivered the thief over to the police. 把小偷移交给警察
work out 解决、计算出、弄懂；发展、起作用；制定出；锻炼
She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system. 帮助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社会体系
I can’t work out where the music was coming from.我弄不清这音乐是从哪儿传来的
She worked out the problem with no difficulty. 她毫无困难地解决了这个问题
Everything has worked out according to plan. 一切都按计划发展。
I want to follow David’s example but it never worked out for me.
我想仿效大卫的做法，但这对我不起作用。
It wasn’t too long before we had worked out a plan acceptable to all.
没多久我们就制订出一个大家都能接受的计划。
These athletes work out at the gym for two hours every day.
这些运动员每天都要在体育馆锻炼两个小时。
lead a …life = live a …life 过…的生活
She is leading/living a busy life but she says it is meaningful.
Although he is very rich, he still leads/lives a simple life.
In the old society, the poor led/lived a dog’s life.
look down upon / on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起
Many people look down upon poor people.
You mustn’t look down upon/ on the disabled.
Of one’s age = at one’s age 在某人的年纪（作后置定语）
How could an athlete of/at my age be as energetic as those in their twenties?
It is hard to learn a new language at my age. 作状语
Look out for 为…着想，照料，留心/注意
Listen, buddy, we’re just looking out for you.
That girl will be able to look out for herself.
Besides, you should look out for a few new things.
Hide-and-seek 捉迷藏，躲猫猫
We were playing hide-and-seek at that time.
Be in the market for…想要购买
If you're in the market for a new mattress, begin with brands certified by GreenGuard.
Have concerns about…对…担忧，对…关注
None of these people have concerns about rules.
Many Iphone users reported that they had concerns about the security of the data stored in their phones.
Wipe out 摧毁，彻底消灭
I really hope some medicines could wipe out the tired feelings.
Tap into 接进来(知道)
You can tap into the minds of all kinds of people while reading.
Several firms are getting ready to tap into this underserved market.
A string of 一系列的，一串
The company might announce a string of great quarterly earnings.
In my mind, you are reciting a string of useless words.
Be unique to…对…来说是独特/独有的
The custom is unique to the region.
In these works, we found something which is unique to this culture.
Desire to do sth. 渴望做某事
Do you really desire to meet them?
In fact, it's so difficult that most people have no desire to do it. n. 欲望，心愿
We look forward to seeing you again. 期待
The government will look into how to reduce unemployment. 调查、研究；降低失业率
They stood looking on while the man was robbed. 站在那儿袖手旁观
I look on him as a good friend. 我把他视为好友
If there are words you don’t understand, look them up in a dictionary.
I look up to Bill for his courage and determination. 敬重
Tell the children to look out when they cross the main street. 当心
Every time I try to fool him, he looks through my tricks. 看穿；浏览
The stranger looked around/round with great interest. 环顾四周
refer to指的是；提及；查阅、参考
Does your remark refer to all of us? 你的评论指的是我们所有的人吗?
We agreed never to refer to the matter again.
我们一致同意永远不要再提这件事了。
She referred to the subject several times during her speech. 在演讲中她好几次提到这个话题。Refer to the dictionary when you don’t know how to spell a wo rd. 查阅一下词典
All his classmates referred to him as “Black beard.”他的同学都称他为“黑胡子”。
by chance=by accident=by coincidence 偶然地，意外地
I met her quite by chance/accident. 我遇见她完全是偶然的。
I heard their talking by chance/accident. 我偶然听到他们的谈话。
come across 偶然发现，偶然遇见
I came across him in the street yesterday. 昨天我在街上无意中碰到了他。
I came across her name on the list. 我无意中在名单上发现了她的名字。
By chance I came across an article about a doctor called Lin Qiaozhi, a specialist in women’s diseases. 很偶然地，我看到了一篇关于林巧稚大夫的文章，她是一名妇科专家。
Come about, come up, 出版
How did the difference come about? 差别是如何产生的？
The question hasn’t come up yet.问题还没提出来。
When will the dictionary come out? 那本字典什么时候出版?
carry on 继续；坚持
We must carry on till success in spite of the extremely difficult conditions. 尽管条件极其困难Anyhow, we should carry on with our research. 无论如何，我们必须坚持我们的研究。
If you carry on working like that, you will make yourself ill. 如果继续那样工作，你会生病的。
Carry out执行、实施
I had some difficulty in carrying out the plan. 实施这个计划我有些困难。
carry through贯彻、完成，坚持下去
We are determined to carry through all our plans. 完成
We should carry through this theory. 贯彻
Their faith and courage carried them through. 信心和勇气使他们渡过了难关/坚持了下来。
fight for… 为…而战
They should be taught to fight for their rights/freedom.
concern oneself with /about关心
The lion doesn't concern itself with/about the opinions of the sheep.
He doesn't concern himself with/about what people say.
She should concern herself with your health.
I have no concern with his mistakes. 没有关系
I only have one concern - our mission. 关心的事
Devote to 将…奉献给…，把…专用于…
How many hours a week does your team devote to the project?
devote…to…把…奉献给…
He devoted his life to science.
Be devoted to (doing) sth. 致力于做某事
He was devoted to finding out the truth of the matter during that period.
Figure out 解决，算出，想出，理解
How can we figure it out?
Can you help to figure out its area?
We have to figure out some creative ways to figure out the problem.
Can you figure out what you read just now?
Long-lost adj.很久不见的，失散很久的
She burst into tears when meeting her long-lost sister.
move off 离开；出发
What time did they move off?
If you don’t like it, you can move off this stage. 离开这个舞台
set up = found 成立；建立；创立
We plan to set up/found an English club.
A fund will be set up/founded for the poor.
crowd in （想法、问题等）涌上心头；涌入脑海
All memories crowed in when I saw her.
say to oneself心中暗想；自言自语
‘I must catch up with him next time,’ he said to himself. 心想
He used to say to himself. 自言自语
Gain/get a doctor’s degree获得博士学位
It took her four years to gain/get a doctor's degree.
catch one’s eye/attention引起某人注意
They tried to catch his eye/attention but failed.
Be second to… 比…差；次于…
As a dancer, she is second to none. 无出其右
Be second only to…仅次于…in terms of…在…方面
China is now second only to the US in terms of military strength.
later on后来；稍后
Well, I thought about it later on, and now I agree with you.
Later on, we found out that it was a joke.
only + 状语，位于句首，引起部分倒装。
Only after her mother came to help her for the first few months was she allowed to begin her project. 只有在她母亲头几个月过来帮忙后，她才得以开始自己的计划。
Only in this way can we solve this problem. 只有用这种办法，我们才能解决这个问题。
Only then did I realize I was wrong. 此时此刻我才意识到自己错了。
Only when one loses something, can he know its value.
只有当一个人失去某样东西的时候，他才会知道它的价值。
Only Tom knew the result of the football match. 只有汤姆知道那场足球比赛的结果。
It was a small book explaining how to cut the death rate from having and caring for babies. She gave some simple rules to follow for keeping babies clean, healthy and free from sickness.
这是一本小书，介绍如何在妇女怀孕到护理婴儿的过程中降低死亡率。她提出一些可以遵循的简单的做法来保持婴儿清洁、健康，并让他们远离疾病。
本句中explaining how to cut the death rate是book的后置定语，explain与book 构成主动关系，故用v. –ing 形式。
The child standing over there is my brother. 站在那儿的（男）孩子是我弟弟。
They lived in a house facing south. 他们住在一所朝南的房子里。
it hit sb. …意为“sb.突然想到（起）…”
Suddenly it hit me how difficult it was for a woman to get medical training at that time.
我突然想到，在那个年代，一个女子去学医是多么困难啊！
It hit me all of a sudden that I had forgotten her birthday. 我突然想起，我把她的生日给忘了。英语中类似的句型还有：
It suddenly struck me that we ought to make a new plan. 我突然想到, 我们应该制订个新方案。It occurred to me that I had left the door unlocked. 我忽然想起来忘了锁门了。
串讲: 某人想起某事
Sth. occurs to sb. : The same idea had occurred to Elizabeth.
It occurs to sb to do sth某人想到做某事
Didn't it occur to you to phone them about it?
Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.
进一步阅读使我了解到，是苦干、决心和善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门。
主谓一致：
主谓一致课本基础：
在英语中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致，即主谓一致。1，主语要和谓语动词保持人称和数的一致。
I am seventeen.
She is sixteen.
There is a desk in the room. There are no chairs in it.
John gets up at six o’clock every morning.
They have not come yet.
Nobody knows who is going to win in the competition.
What is the latest news about the Olympic Games?
2，两个名词由and连接做主语时，谓语动词一般用复数。
Wang Gang and Zhang Hua were here a moment ago.
My brother and I have both seen the film.
Bothe rice and white are grown in this part of China.
（1）当and 不表示并列意义，连接两个在意义上表示同一人、物、或概念或由两个部件配成的物品时，谓语动词用单数。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授作家正在会上发言。
One more knife and fork is needed. 还需要一副刀叉。
War and peace is a constant theme in history. 战争与和平时历史永恒的主题。
Bread and butter is nutritious for patients. 黄油面包对病人很有营养。
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起
（2）两个并列的名词有each, every, no, many a 等修饰语时（即each/every/no/ many a +单数名词+ and + each/every/no/many a +单数名词”作主语时），谓语动词一般用单数。
Each doctor and (each) nurse / Every doctor and (every) nurse was given a new shirt.
Every hour and every minute is precious.
No sound and no voice is heard.
No man and no woman is not allowed to enter the hall.
Many a boy and (many a) girl has made the same mistake.
注：Many a+可n.单数，意为“许多”，作主语时，其谓语与形式一致而不与意义一致(即谓语用单数，如Many a student likes reading)。
3，集体名词group, class, family, army, enemy, public, audience, committee, staff, crew等作主语时，如果强调整体，谓语动词用单数形式；如果强调个体，谓语动词用复数形式。
My family is a large one.
The family are sitting at the breakfast table.（指家庭成员）
Our group are reading the newspapers. （指组内成员）
This group is having a meeting.
The army is going to remain in this town.
The army have rescued the travelers.（指部队中的官兵）
A team which is full of enthusiasm is more likely to win.
The team are practicing hard on the playground.
4，不定代词anyone, anybody, anything, everyone, everybody, everything, someone, somebody, something, no one, nobody, noting, each, the other 等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
Is anybody going to tell him the news?
There is nobody in the house.
Everything is ready.
Someone wants to seen you.
5，代词none和neither有时作为单数看待，有时作复数看待，主要根据说话人的意思决定。但是代表不可数的名词时，只看作单数；neither作形容词与单数名词连用，谓语动词用单数。None of them has/ have arrived yet. 他们中一个人都没有到呢。
Neither of them knows / know the answer.他们俩都不知道答案。
None of this money is mine. 这钱不是我的。
Neither statement was true. 两个陈述都不真实。
6，当用作主语的两个名词或代词由or, nor, either…or, neither…nor, 或not only… but also连接时，谓语动词通常与邻近的名词或代词保持一致。
I am not a student, nor is he.
Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand. 要么你，要么简将被派往新西兰。
Neither he nor I have finished the experiment. 他和我都没有完成实验。
Not only his family but also he likes Chaplin’s films.不仅他家人，还有他都喜欢卓别林的电影。Not you but I am responsible for the delay. 不是你而应是我应对这次的延误负责。
7，由there 或here 引导的句子，以及表示地点的介词词组位于句首引起的倒装句中，谓语动词与邻近的名词或代词保持一致（就近原则）。
There is a lamp, two pens and six books on the desk.
Here are some envelopes and paper for you.
South of the lake stand two stone towers. 湖泊的南边有两座石塔。
8，当主语后面接说明主语的修饰语，如with, along with, together with, as well as, like, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to 等时，谓语不受修饰成分的影响，仍保持同主语一致的关系（就远原则）。
The teacher with two students was at the meetings. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。
The girl as well as the boys has learned to drive a car. 这姑娘和男孩子们一道，学会了开车。You, rather than she, are my guest.
Tom, like many boys, loves sports.
Nobody but one teacher and three students was in the lab.
Nothing but trees and grass covers the hill.
All of the students except/besides Tom have gone to Xi’an.
The man together/along with his wife and children sits there watching TV.
The pretty girl, including to her classmates, was invited to the party.
The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
9，表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等复数名词，在表示单位数量用作主语时，通常被看作整体，谓语动词用单数。
Sixty years is a long time. 60年时一段长时间。
Ten dollars is enough for him. 10美元就够他用的了。
Three thousand miles is a long distance. 3,000英里是一段长距离。
Fifty kilograms is not too heavy to be carried. 50公斤不至于重到扛不起来。
如果强调数目，谓语动词用复数：
One thousand cents make a dollar. 100每份就是一美元。
More than fifty years have passed since they got married. 他们夫妻已共同走过了50多年。
主谓一致拔高：
主谓一致遵循三个原则：语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
（一）语法一致原则
即在语法形式上取得一致，谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定。
1. 单数名词、不可数名词、单个动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
To see is to believe.
Reading aloud is very important in learning English.
When they could finish the task is not known yet.
注意：what引导的主语从句充当主语时，要以what所指代的词的意义来决定谓语动词的数。What he said is true.
What we need are more volunteers.
2. 由连接词and或both…and…连接的名词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。
Both his father and his mother are advanced workers.
Both to study French and to study Japanese are not easy.
Reading aloud and practicing everyday are important in English studying.
What he said and what he did have greatly encouraged the other students.
3. “more than one 或many a +单数名词”作主语时，其意义为复数，但谓语动词用单数。More than one student is against the decision. 不止一个学生反对这个决定。
Many a page in this book is missing. 这本书缺了许多页。
4.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Something important is being discussed.
It is said that somebody is going to help us.
5. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定.
The majority of doctors believe smoking is harmful to health. 大多数医生都认为吸烟有害健康。The majority of the damage is easy to repair. 这次的损害大部分都容易补救。
The rest of the books were returned to the library. 其余的书都归还给图书馆了。
The rest of the money was given to the villagers. 其余的钱都给了村民。
6.“a large amount of + 不可数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；“large amounts of +不可数名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。类似的结构还有“a large quantity of +可数/不可数名词”结构（谓语动词用单数）以及“large quantities of +可数/不可数名词”结构（谓语动词用复数形式）。
Quantities of food were spread out on the table. 许多食品被摊放在桌子上。
= A large quantity of food was spread out on the table.
A large amount of damage was done in a short time.
= Large amounts of damage were done in a short time. 在短时间内就造成了巨大的损失。
7. 定语从句中，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，谓语动词的数与先行词的数一致。I, who am your teacher, will do my best to help you.
Those who have finished the work can go home first.
注意：“one of + 复数名词+who /which / that” 引导的定语从句中，谓语动词常用复数形式。但若one 前有the only/very/right修饰时，从句中的谓语动词用单数形式。
He was one of the students who were given prizes.
I was the only one among the stuents who was invited.
8. 由两部分组成的表示衣物或工具的名词作主语时，如：glasses，spectacles，shoes，boots，trousers / pants，compasses，chopsticks，scissors，socks等，谓语动词通常用复数，但这类词如用a pair of修饰时，谓语动词用单数。
My glasses were broken while playing football yesterday.
A pair of shoes is lying under the bed.
Here are some new pairs of shoes.
9. 由“kind / form /type / sort /species /series +of + 名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于这些词而非后面的名词。
All kinds of difficulties have to be overcome .
This kind / sort of questions is very difficult.
但Questions of this kind / sort are very difficult.谓语动词要用复数形式。
（二）意义一致原则
谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式决定。主语形式为单数但意义为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式；但主语形式为复数而意义为单数时，谓语动词用单数形式。
1. people, cattle, police, trousers等没有单数形式的名词作主语时，谓语动词只用复数。
The police were sent to the spot to keep order immediately. 警察立即被派往现场维持秩序。
Cattle were allowed to graze in this area. 允许牲畜在这个地区吃草。
2.单复数同形的名词作主语时，应根据其意义决定谓语动词的单复数形式，如sheep，deer，fish，means，species，Chinese，Japanese，series等。
Every possible means has been used to prevent the air pollution.
All possible means have been tried to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.
3. “the +形容词/过去分词”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数形式；
如“the +形容词/过去分词”指一个人或表示一种抽象概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The rich are usually well-educated.
The wounded were saved by the villagers at last.
The wounded in the accident was a policeman.
The beautiful is not always useful.
4. 以s结尾表示学科的词，如physics, mathematics, economics, politics等，以及用作书名、地名、国名、地区名的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
Politics is a complicated subject.
The New York Times is one of the most influential newspapers in the world.
5. “a number of ＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数；“the number of＋复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
A large number of people have applied for the job.
The number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly at present.
6. such作主语时要根据其所指的内容决定谓语动词的单复数形式。
Such is our plan. 这就是我们的计划。
Such are his ideas. 这些就是他所说的话。
Unit2
struggle
(1) vt. & vi. 奋斗；挣扎；努力
She struggled to keep back her tears.
The poor had to struggle for life.
They had to struggle with / against all kinds of difficulties.
The lion made a sudden angry noise and struggled to its feet. 突然发出一阵怒吼，挣扎着站起来。
(2) n. 搏斗；斗争；努力；奋斗
It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time. 为使工作按时完成, 我做了一番努力。
hunger
(1) n. 饥饿；欲望
Many people died of hunger before liberation. 解放前很多人死于饥饿。
His hunger for/after excitement got him into a lot of trouble.寻求刺激的欲望给他添了许多麻烦（2）vt. & vi.（使）饥饿；渴望
人教版高中高一英语必修4(四)各单元重点知识点归纳最新可打印版
人教版高中高一英语必修4（四）各单元重点知识点归纳 Unit1 Women of achievement 重要词汇拓展 1 welfare n 福利事业，福利 2 achievement n.成就，功绩→achieve v.达到，完成，实现 3. specialist n.专家，专业工作者→special adj.特殊的，专门的→specialize vi.专攻，专门从事 4. project n.方案, 计划,, 设计，工程, 企业, 事业，科研项目; 课外自修项目 vi. ①伸出, 突出②设想自已处身于(into) 5. connection n.连接，关系→connect v.连接 6. condition n. 状况（不可数），条件（可数），环境（复数）on no condition 决不 https://www.wendangku.net/doc/da1574514.html,anization n.组织，机构，团体organize—vt.组织;筹备, 成立; 使加入工会，使有条理 8.behave v.举止，表现→behavior n.行为，举止 9. shade n.阴凉处v.遮住光线 10.▲ worthwhile adj.值得的，值得做的It is worthwhile doing sth./ to do sth. worth adj.值……，值得……be worth doing worthy adj.值得做的，可尊敬的be worthy of sth/ being done be worthy to be done
11. observe v.观察，观测，遵守→observation n.观察，观测 12. respect v./n.尊敬，尊重，敬意→respectable adj.值得尊敬的，正派的，体面地→respectful adj.有礼貌的，恭敬的 13. argue .v.争论，辩论→argument n.争论，辩论argued-adj 引起争论的 14.entertainment-n 款待，娱乐entertain-v 款待；招待，娱乐，抱有，怀着（想法、疑问） 15. crowd n.人群，观众v.挤满，使拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的 16. inspire v.鼓舞，激发→inspired adj.受到鼓舞的，有灵感的→inspiring adj.鼓舞人的→inspiration n.鼓舞，灵感 17 support v.支持，拥护→supporter n.支持者，拥护者 18.refer-vi 谈到，查阅，参考 19.intend v.计划，打算→intention n.打算，目的，意图 20.considerate adj.考虑周到的→consider v.考虑，认为 →consideration n考虑，体谅→considering prep考虑到 21.kind adj 仁慈的，和善的，友爱的kindness –n 仁慈，好意，善良 22.deliver v.递送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演讲等）→delivery n.投递，交货，分娩 23.modest adj 谦虚的，谦让的，适度的 重点短语梳理 1 devote…to (doing) sth.把…奉献给devote oneself to致力于，献身于be devoted to专心致志于 2 human beings 人类 3 move off 离开，启程，出发 4 lead a…life 过着……的生活
高中数学必修4知识点总结归纳
高中数学必修4知识点总结 第一章三角函数（初等函数二） ?? ??? 正角:按逆时针方向旋转形成的角1、任意角负角:按顺时针方向旋转形成的角零角:不作任何旋转形成的角 2、角α的顶点与原点重合，角的始边与x 轴的非负半轴重合，终边落在第几象限，则称α为第几象限角． 第一象限角的集合为{} 36036090,k k k αα?<
高中英语必修四知识点总结
欢迎使用，祝您学有所成。 第一单元 1）achieve 表示“完成，到达”。 区别achieve，reach，gain： achieve着重表示达到一定目的的过程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指达到任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。 gain强调经过奋斗才达到所期望的目标、优势或者有利地位。 2）condition 表示“条件”，condition为单数时，表示人/物所处的“状态”。 conditions（复数）指一般情况，环境。 in good/poor condition状况好/不好。 out of condition状况不好。 on condition that在……条件下，假使。 on no condition决不。 3）connection 表示“连接，关系”。 connections亲戚。 in connection with与……有关。 4）behave 表示“举止，举动，行为表现”。 behave oneself表现良好，行为良好。 behave as起……作用，表现为……。 5）worthwhile 表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。 句型It is worhtwhile doing/to do sth“干……是值得的”。 6）observe 表示“观察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的复合结构，当observe用被动语态时，其后的不定式应回复to。 observe后也可接由现在分词构成的复合结构。 后接that从句，表示“注意到，说”。 observe还可以表示“遵守，庆祝”。 7）respect 作动词，后直接跟宾语。 respect oneself自重，自尊。 作名词，表示“尊重，尊敬”。have/show respect for意为“对……尊重/尊敬”。 have respect to注意，考虑。 表示“敬意，问候”时，用复数形式，常与give，send，pay连用。 in respect of sth就某方面而言。 with respect to 涉及，关于。 8）argue 表示“争论，辩论”。
四年级上册数学1-4单元知识点整理
第一单元大数的认识（背诵） 1、整数数位顺序表 2、10个一万是十万 10个十万是一百万 10个一百万是一千万 10个一千万是一亿 10个一亿是十亿 10个十亿是一百亿 10个百亿是一千亿 3、个（一）、十、百、千、万、十万、百万、千万、亿、十亿、百亿、千亿都是计数单位。 4、每相邻两个计数单位之间的进率都是十的计数方法叫做十进制计数法。 5、每四个数位为一级。分为：个级、万级、亿级。 个级的数表示的是多少个“一”。万级的数表示多少个“万”。亿级的数表示多少个“亿”。 6、读数：先分级，再从最高级读起；读完亿级或万级的数，要加“亿”字或“万”字；每级末尾不管有几个0，都不读，其他数位上有一个0或连续几个0，都只读一个零。
7、写数：先看这个数有几级，再从最高级写起；哪个数位上一个单位也没有，就在那个数位上写0。 8、比较数的大小： （1）位数不同，位数多的数就大； （2）位数相同的两个数，从最高位比起，最高位上的数大的那个数就大，如果最高位上的数相同，就比较下一个数位上的数。 9、“四舍五入”法：4、3、2、1、0舍去； 5、6、7、8、9舍去后向前一位进1。 10、表示物体个数的1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、 11，…都是自然数。一个物体也没有，用0表示。 0也是自然数。所有的自然数都是整数。 最小的自然数是0。没有最大的自然数，自然数的个 数是无限的。 11、算盘是我国古代的发明，是我国的传统计算工具。 算盘的一颗上珠表示5，一颗下珠表示1。 第二单元公顷和平方千米（背诵） 1、1平方米=100平方分米 1平方分米=100平方厘米 1公顷=10000平方米 1平方千米=1000000平方米 1平方千米=100公顷 2、测量土地的面积，常用“公顷”、“平方千米”作单位。 3、公顷常用在比较大的公园、森林、建筑等的占地面积，平方千米常用在一个城市、省份、国家等的土地、海洋、湖泊等的面积。
高二英语必修四知识点总结
高二英语必修四知识点总结 目录 Unit 1 Women of achievement 知识点总结 (2) Unit2 Working the land 知识点总结 (7) Unit3 A taste of English humor 知识点总结 (11) Unit4 Body language 知识点总结 (14) Unit 5 Theme parks 知识点总结 (15)
Unit 1 Women of achievement 知识点总结【重点词汇、短语】 1. human beings 人类 2. campaign 运动，战役 3. behave 行为 4. shade 阴凉处 5. move off 离开，启程 6. observe 观察 7. respect 尊重 8. argue 讨论，辩论 9. lead a...life 过着…的生活 10. crowd in 涌入脑海 11. support 支持 12. look down upon/on 看不起 13. refer to 查阅，参考，涉及 14. by chance 碰巧 15. come across 偶遇 16. intend 计划，打算
17. deliver 提送，生（小孩），接生，发表（演说） 18. carry on 继续，坚持 【重点句型】 1. She also discovered how chimps communicatewith each other and her study of their body language helped her work out theirsocial system. 她还发现了黑猩猩之间是如何交流的，而她对黑猩猩身势语的研究帮助她弄清楚了黑猩猩的社会体系。 △ work out 解决、解答、计算出；产生结果、发展；锻炼；作出、制订出 2. She is leading a busy life but she says … 她过着忙碌的生活，但是她说…… △ lead a …life = live a …life 过……的生活 3. Many people look down upon poor people. 很多人瞧不起穷人。 △ look downupon / on 蔑视；轻视；瞧不起 4. If the word group refers to differentmembers, use a plural verb.如果group（作主语）指的是各个成员，谓语动词用复数。 △ refer to 指的是：提及；谈到；提到；查阅、参考
四年级上册每单元知识点总结
四年级上册英语：每单元知识点总结 Unit one My classroom 一.需要掌握的单词（要求：报英语说中文，报中文说英语） classroom教室window窗户blackboard黑板light电灯picture图画door门teacher’s desk讲 台 computer计算机fan风扇wall墙壁floor地板 really真的TV电视clean打扫help帮助 in在…里面on在…上面under在…下面near在…旁边二、需要掌握的句型（要求：中、英文能互译） What’s in the classroom?教室里有什么One blackboard,many desks and chairs. 一块黑板,许多桌子和椅子. Where is it?它在哪儿?It’s near the window.它在窗户旁边. Let’s clean the classroom!让我们打扫教室吧!OK.All right.Good idea.好的.好的.好主意. Let me help you.让我来帮你吧.Thank you.谢谢. We have a new classroom.我们有间新教室。
Let’s go and see！我们去看看吧！ Look!This is the new classroom.The door is orange.(看！这是新的教室。门是橙色的。） 三、辨音：字母a（要求：能准确区别元音的发音，听写下划线的单词） a-e：[e?]cake蛋糕face脸name名字make制作date hate baby table a：[?]cat猫dad爸爸map地图bag包hat帽子fan风扇cap鸭舌帽candy 四．Let‘s do（要求：中、英文能互译，注意动词短语） Open the door.开门Turn on the light.开灯 Close the window.关窗Put up the picture.挂图画 Clean the blackboard.擦黑板 五．短语 1.地点类：on the wall在墙上near the window在窗户旁边 in the classroom在教室里near the computer在计算机旁边2.其他类：a new classroom一间新教室excuse me劳驾，对不起 六．语法点
高中数学必修4知识点总结归纳(人教版最全)
高中数学必修4知识点汇总 第一章：三角函数 1、任意角①正角：按逆时针方向旋转形成的角 ②负角：按顺时针方向旋转形成的角 ③零角：不作任何旋转形成的角 2、角α的顶点与原点重合，角的始边与x 轴的非负半轴重合，终边落在第几象限，则称α为第几象限角． 第一象限角的集合为{} 36036090,k k k αα?<，则sin y r α= ，cos x r α=，()tan 0y x x α=≠． 10、三角函数在各象限的符号：一全正，二正弦，三正切，四余弦．
最新高中英语必修四知识点归纳
最新高中英语必修四知识点归纳 平凡的人则说，勤奋是一种传统的美德。可见，勤奋富有了多么巨大的底蕴与魅力，人类如果丢弃了它，绝对不行。下面给大家分享一些关于高中英语必修四知识点归纳，希望对大家有所帮助。 高中英语必修四知识点1 重要词汇拓展 1 sunburn v.日晒，晒黑→sunburntadj.晒黑的 2 struggle v./n.挣扎，奋斗，努力struggle against struggle for struggle with 3 decade n.十年，十年期 4 super n.冗员, 额外人员;[口]特级品, 特大号商品; 超级市场adj特级的, 极好的, 非凡的 5. hunger n.饥饿，渴望/v.使饥饿→hungryadj.饥饿的;渴望的 6.output n. 产量，输出，input输入，消费 7.disturbing adj 引起烦恼的，令人不安的，disturb v. 打扰，麻烦 8.expand vt.扩大, 扩展,张开, 使发, 详谈; 引伸 9. circulate v.循环，流通→circulationn.循环，流传 10. battle n.战役，战斗v.搏斗，奋斗 11. therefore adv.因此，所以 12. rid vt 摆脱，除去 13.freedom n 自由，自主→free adj 自由的，免费的
14.equip v.配备，装备→equipmentn.设备 15. export v.输出，出口n.输出(品)→import v.输入，进口n.进口(品) 16.nationality n 国籍，national adj 国家的，民族的nation n. 国家 17.occupation n 工作，职业，占领occupy v.占用，使从事，把注意力集中于...占领, 占据 18.confuse v.使迷惑，使为难→confusedadj.感到迷惑的confusing adj.令人迷惑的 19 regret v./n.后悔，遗憾→regretfuladj.后悔的，遗憾的 20.production n.生产，制造，productive可生产的，可制造的，produce –v 生产，制造 21.discovery n. 发现，发觉，discover-v发现， 22.focus v. 集中，聚焦，n 焦点，中心点 23. reduce v.减少，缩减→reduction n.减少，缩减 24 comment n./v.评论，议论 高中英语必修四知识点2 重点短语梳理 1 if not 如果不…. If so 如果这样， 2.consider oneself sth 自认为是…consider sb sth 认为某人是… 3.since then 从那时起 4.search for a way to do sth 寻找做某事的途径。 5.thanks to 幸亏，由于，因为(to为介词)
部编语文四年级上册各单元知识点总结
部编人教版 第一课《观潮》教学设计 教学环节教师导学学生活动设计意图 （一）导入，揭题课题1、“八月十八潮，壮观天下无。”北宋大诗人苏东坡留下了咏赞钱塘潮的千古名句。当浪潮犹如千万匹白马齐头并进，浩浩荡荡飞奔而来时，会带给我们怎样的震撼？ 让我们一起走进课文，去看看钱塘江大潮的壮观景象吧！ 2、［板书课题：观潮］学生齐读课题老师的谈话让孩子想了钱塘江大潮，诱发了孩子们学习 的兴趣和欲望。 （二）初步感知，了解内容 1.学生快速阅读课文，初步感知课文内容。 2.教师给学生强调重点字词的读音和解释。 观潮（cháo）称为（chēnɡ）笼罩（lǒnɡzhào）盐官（yán）蒙蒙（ménɡ）薄雾（b áo） 昂首（ánɡ）沸腾（fèi）横贯（ɡuàn）依旧（jiù）恢复（huī） 若隐若现：形容似有似无，不真切，不明朗。 人山人海：形容人聚集得非常多。 人声鼎沸：形容许多人在一起大声讲话，声音喧闹，像开了锅一样。 山崩地裂：崩，倒塌。裂，裂开。本课形容声音很响。 漫天卷地：天和地随风浪翻卷。本文形容波涛无边无际地涌来的情景。 3.学生默读课文，明确以下内容。 （1）题目中的“潮”指的是哪里的潮？ 明确：“潮”指的是钱塘江大潮。 （2）“天下奇观”的“观”与“观潮”的“观”意思有什么不同？ 明确：前者指看到的景象，后者是看的意思指名逐段读课文，学习生字，理解词语。 让学生评价，并指出错误。老师强调易读错的字音。让学生从整体上了解课文内容。养成自 主学习的习惯。 （三）阅读课文，整体感知 1.梳理文章结构。 （1）请同学们齐读课文，说说文章是按什么顺序来描写钱塘江大潮的？
学生齐读课文，并讨论明确：作者是按时间和空间顺序来描写的。时间顺序：潮来前→潮来时 →潮去时。空间顺序：由远及近。 （2）按文章的描写顺序，可以将课文分成几段呢？ 学生分组讨论，并明确：可以分为四段。 第一段（第1自然段）：总写钱塘江大潮被称为“天下奇观”。 第二段（第2自然段）：写潮来前的景色。 第三段（第3、4自然段）：写潮来时的壮观景象。 第四段（第5自然段）：写潮退去时的景象。 2.归纳文章内容，感知作者感情。老师指名朗读，其他学生思考讨论，老师总结明确：本文通过对钱塘江大潮来之前、来时、去时景象的具体描绘，展现了奇特的自然景观，赞美了 “天下奇观”的壮丽，抒发了作者热爱祖国大好河山的思想感情。 学生再次阅读课文，小组讨论文章写作顺序。概括文章主要内容多种感官参与读书，提高学习效率。梳理文章写作顺序。概括文章主要内容。 （四）、精读课文，重点探究 同学们，我们刚刚从整体上感知了课文内容，现在，我们来仔细阅读课文，按作者观察的时间 顺序来梳理课文。 1.潮来前的景象。 老师请一位同学朗读第2自然段，其他同学思考： （1）作者是在什么地方观看钱塘江大潮的？ 学生思考明确：海宁县盐官镇的海塘大堤上。 （2）潮来前的江面有什么特点？从哪些地方可以看出？ 明确：平静。宽阔的钱塘江……薄雾。［板书：平静］ “横卧”是什么意思？（横着趴下） 师：平静的江面、雨后的阳光、蒙蒙的薄雾，还有古塔、中山亭、观潮台以及远处的小山，构成了一幅多么平静美丽的山水画啊!要想把这幅美丽的图画通过朗读表现出来，在读的时候，声音应该——(轻点儿)速度应该——(慢点儿)请同学们一齐来读这几句。(学生齐读，教师指导纠 正) （3）“江潮还没有来，海塘大堤上早已人山人海。大家昂首东望，等着，盼着”这两句告诉了
高中英语必修四知识要点归纳
高中英语必修四知识要点归纳高中英语必修四知识要点归纳 1)achieve 表示“完成，到达”。 区别achieve，reach，gain： achieve着重表示达到一定目的的过程中所需要的技能，耐性和努力。 reach指达到任何目标、目的或指达到发展过程中的某个阶段。 gain强调经过奋斗才达到所期望的目标、优势或者有利地位。 2)condition 表示“条件”，condition为单数时，表示人/物所处的“状态”。 conditions(复数)指一般情况，环境。 ingood/poorcondition状况好/不好。 outofcondition状况不好。 onconditionthat在……条件下，假使。 onnocondition决不。 3)connection 表示“连接，关系”。 connections亲戚。 inconnectionwith与……有关。
4)behave 表示“举止，举动，行为表现”。 behaveoneself表现良好，行为良好。 behaveas起……作用，表现为……。 5)worthwhile 表示“值得做的，值得出力的”。 句型Itisworhtwhiledoing/todosth“干……是值得的”。 6)observe 表示“观察，注意”，可接省略to的不定式的复合结构，当observe用被动语态时，其后的不定式应回复to。 observe后也可接由现在分词构成的复合结构。 后接that从句，表示“注意到，说”。 observe还可以表示“遵守，庆祝”。 重点短语 1.breakinto闯入，进入 2.uptonow直到现在 4.feel/becontentwith对……满足 5.badlyoff穷的，缺少的` 7.pickout挑选出，辨认出 8.ontheedgeof在…边沿 9.cutoff切断，断绝 10.insilence沉默，不作声 11.makeuseof使用
四年级下册数学各单元知识点整理新
四年级下册数学各单元知识点整理 姓名 ★数学考试应注意： 1、用手指着认真读题至少两遍。 2、遇到不会的题不要停留太长时间，可在题目的前面做记号。（如：“？”） 3、画图、连线时必须用尺子。 4、检查时，要注意是否有漏写、少写的情况。 第一单元：四则运算 1、加、减的意义和各部分间的关系 （1）把两个数合并成一个数的运算，叫做加法。 （2）已知两个数的积与其中的一个加数，求另一个加数的运算，叫做减法。 （3）减法是加法的逆运算。 （4）加法各部分间的关系： 和=加数＋加数加数=和－另一个加数 （5）减法各部分间的关系： 差=被减数－减数减数=被减数－差被减数=减数＋差 2、乘、除法的意义和各部分间的关系 （1）求几个相同加数的和的简便运算，叫做乘法。 （2）已知两个因数的积与其中一个因数，求另一个因数的运算，叫做除法。 （3）除法是乘法的逆运算。 （4）乘法各部分间的关系： 积=因数×因数因数=积÷另一个因数 （5）除法各部分间的关系： 商=被除数÷除数除数=被除数×商被除数=商×除数 （6）有余数的除法，被除数=商×除数+余数 3、加法、减法、乘法、除法统称为四则运算。 4、四则混和运算的顺序 （1）在没有括号的算式里，如果只有加、减法，或者只有乘、除法，都要按（从左往右）的顺序计算； （2）在没有括号的算式里，如果既有乘、除法，又有加、减法，要先算（乘、除法），
后算（加、减法）； （3）在有括号的算式里，要先算括号里面的，后算括号外面的，括号里面的算式计算顺序遵循以上的计算顺序。 4、有关0的计算 ①一个数和0相加，结果还得原数： a + 0 = a 0 + a = a ②一个数减去0，结果还得这个数： a － 0 = a ③一个数减去它本身，结果得零： a － a = 0 ④一个数和0相乘，结果得0： a × 0 = 00 × a = 0 ⑤0除以一个非0的数，结果得0：0 ÷ a = 0 ⑥ 0不能做除数：a÷0 = （无意义） 第二单元：观察物体（二） 1、从不同位置观察同一个物体，所看到的图形有可能一样，也有可能不一样。 2、从同一个位置观察不同的物体，所看到的图形有可能一样，也有可能不一样。 3、从不同的位置观察，才能更全面地认识一个物体。 第三单元：运算定律 1、加法运算定律： ①加法交换律：两个数相加，交换加数的位置，和不变。 字母表示：a＋b＝b＋a ②加法结合律：三个数相加，先把前两个数相加，或先把后两个数相加，和不变。 字母表示：(a＋b) ＋c＝a＋(b＋c) ◆加法的这两个定律往往结合起来一起使用。如：165＋93＋35＝93＋（165＋35） 2、连减的性质：一个数连续减去两个数，等于减去这两个数的和。 字母表示：a－b－c＝a－(b＋c) 3、乘法运算定律： ①乘法交换律：两个数相乘，交换因数的位置，积不变。 字母表示：a×b＝b×a ②乘法结合律：三个数相乘，先把前两个数相乘，或先把后两个数相乘，积不变。 字母表示：(a×b) ×c＝a×(b×c) ◆乘法的这两个定律往往结合起来一起使用。如：125×78×8=78×（125×8） ③乘法分配律：两个数的和与一个数相乘，可以先把这两个数分别与这个数相乘，再把积相加。 字母表示：(a＋b) ×c＝a×c＋b×c
人教版高中政治必修四知识点总结
政治必修四 第一单元生活智慧与时代精神 1、哲学是系统化，理论化的世界观。是世界观和方法论的统一 世界观决定方法论，方法论体现世界观 2、哲学的基本问题是思维和存在（意识和物质）的关系问题 包括思维和存在的第一性问题（区分唯物主义和唯心主义的唯一标准）和同一性问题（区别可知论和不可知论）。 3、唯物主义： 古代朴素唯物主义：否认世界是神创造的，认为世界是物质的，坚持了唯物主义的根本方向。（局限性：只是一种猜测，没有科学依据，把物质归结为具体的物质形态。） 近代形而上学唯物主义：把物质归结为自然科学意义上的原子，认为原子是世界本原。（局限性：具有机械性，形而上学性和历史观上的唯心主义等局限性。） 辩证唯物和历史唯物主义：认为世界的本质是物质，物质第一意识第二，意识具有主观能动性。(优点：正确揭示了物质世界的基本规律，反映了社会历史发展的客观要求。) 下列说法均属于唯物主义： 天地合气，万物自生。巧妇难为无米之炊。形存则神存，形谢则神灭。 天地合而万物生。实事求是，求真务实。天行有常，不为尧存，不为桀亡。 人病则忧惧，忧惧则鬼出。气者，理之依也。 4、唯心主义： 主观唯心：把人的主观精神（如，人的目的，意识，感觉）夸大为唯一的实在。当成第一性的东西，认为客观事物以及整个世界，都依赖于人的主观精神。 掩耳盗铃。画饼充饥。望梅止渴。物是观念的结合，存在即被感知。 我思故我在。心外无物。宇宙便是吾心，吾心即是真理。 眼开则花明，眼闭则花寂。人的理性为自然立法。心想事成，梦想成真。 客观唯心：把客观精神（如上帝，理念，绝对精神）看作世界的主宰和本原，认为现实的物质世界只是这些客观精神的外化和表现。 道生一，一生二，二生三，三生万物。理生万物。 上第七天创造世界。现实世界是理论世界的影子。 5、辩证法和形而上学 6、马克思主义哲学中国化的重大理论成果：毛泽东思想，邓小平理论，“三个代表”重要思想，科学发展观。
人教版英语必修四知识点总结
人教版英语必修4重点归纳总结 Unit 1 1.His disappointment was obvious（明显）to everyone . 2.A poet(诗人) writes poems. 3.Don’t play by the river in case you fall in and drawn (淹死)! 4.The little boy wiped (擦)his eyes with a handkerchief. 5.He would rather starve to death than beg for food in the street. 6.Agricultural(农业的)science is becoming more and more important. 7.Wherever we go, we must follow the local customs (习俗). 8.On October 1st all the teachers and students in our school held a grand party to celebrate (庆祝)National Day. 9.Nothing satisfies him. He is always asking for more. 10.We are always dreaming of the arrival of the famous star to our city. 11.American got its independence in 1776. 12.The whole family will gather (聚集) for a big meal on the Eve of the New Year. 13.A successful person should be strong-willed and energetic(精力充沛). 14.He did the job so well that everyone in his office became to admire(钦佩) him. 15.The Spring Festival is an important social(社会) festival in China. 16.对…有害do harm to17.纪念in memory of 18.导致lead to 19.打扮dress up 20.捉弄某人play a trick/tricks on sb21.期待look forward to 22.被…所覆盖be covered with23.与…有共同点have…in common 24.守诺keep one’s word 25.提醒某人某事remind sb of sth 26.屏住呼吸hold one’s breath 26.与…结婚get married to sb/marry sb Unit 2 1.We all have our w eaknesses. 2.It takes hours for a meal to digest (消化). 3.The subject has already been fully researched (研究). 4.To have a healthy d iet is really important to everybody. 5.He’s always full of e nergy and seems never to be tired. 6.Kitty has been wondering what is in the box and finally she opened it with c uriosity. 7.I don’t like those who are dishonest and like telling l ies . 8.Before opening a business,we’d better do some r esearch into the market. 9.Jimmy was fired because he often made his c ustomers(顾客) angry. 10.Exports must go down to balance(保持平衡) decreased imports. 11.Y ou can’t combine (同时干)studying for your exams with a wild social life. 12.My time is more limited(有限的) now that I have a baby. 13.对…感到厌倦be tired of14.去除,脱下take off 15.对…感到讶异be amazed at16.扔掉throw away 17.让…一直做…have sb doing18.撒谎tell lies
部编语文四年级上册各单元知识点总结【最新整理】
部编人教版四年级语文上册 单元知识点汇总 第一课《观潮》教学设计 教学环节教师导学学生活动设计意图 （一）导入，揭题课题1、“八月十八潮，壮观天下无。”北宋大诗人苏东坡留下了咏赞钱塘潮的千古名句。当浪潮犹如千万匹白马齐头并进，浩浩荡荡飞奔而来时，会带给我们怎样的震撼？ 让我们一起走进课文，去看看钱塘江大潮的壮观景象吧！ 2、［板书课题：观潮］学生齐读课题老师的谈话让孩子想了钱塘江大潮，诱发了孩子们学习 的兴趣和欲望。 （二）初步感知，了解内容 1.学生快速阅读课文，初步感知课文内容。 2.教师给学生强调重点字词的读音和解释。 观潮（cháo）称为（chēnɡ）笼罩（lǒnɡzhào）盐官（yán）蒙蒙（ménɡ）薄雾（b áo） 昂首（ánɡ）沸腾（fèi）横贯（ɡuàn）依旧（jiù）恢复（huī） 若隐若现：形容似有似无，不真切，不明朗。 人山人海：形容人聚集得非常多。 人声鼎沸：形容许多人在一起大声讲话，声音喧闹，像开了锅一样。 山崩地裂：崩，倒塌。裂，裂开。本课形容声音很响。 漫天卷地：天和地随风浪翻卷。本文形容波涛无边无际地涌来的情景。 3.学生默读课文，明确以下内容。 （1）题目中的“潮”指的是哪里的潮？ 明确：“潮”指的是钱塘江大潮。 （2）“天下奇观”的“观”与“观潮”的“观”意思有什么不同？ 明确：前者指看到的景象，后者是看的意思指名逐段读课文，学习生字，理解词语。 让学生评价，并指出错误。老师强调易读错的字音。让学生从整体上了解课文内容。养成自 主学习的习惯。 （三）阅读课文，整体感知 1.梳理文章结构。
（1）请同学们齐读课文，说说文章是按什么顺序来描写钱塘江大潮的？ 学生齐读课文，并讨论明确：作者是按时间和空间顺序来描写的。时间顺序：潮来前→潮来时 →潮去时。空间顺序：由远及近。 （2）按文章的描写顺序，可以将课文分成几段呢？ 学生分组讨论，并明确：可以分为四段。 第一段（第1自然段）：总写钱塘江大潮被称为“天下奇观”。 第二段（第2自然段）：写潮来前的景色。 第三段（第3、4自然段）：写潮来时的壮观景象。 第四段（第5自然段）：写潮退去时的景象。 2.归纳文章内容，感知作者感情。老师指名朗读，其他学生思考讨论，老师总结明确：本文通过对钱塘江大潮来之前、来时、去时景象的具体描绘，展现了奇特的自然景观，赞美了 “天下奇观”的壮丽，抒发了作者热爱祖国大好河山的思想感情。 学生再次阅读课文，小组讨论文章写作顺序。概括文章主要内容多种感官参与读书，提高学习效率。梳理文章写作顺序。概括文章主要内容。 （四）、精读课文，重点探究 同学们，我们刚刚从整体上感知了课文内容，现在，我们来仔细阅读课文，按作者观察的时间 顺序来梳理课文。 1.潮来前的景象。 老师请一位同学朗读第2自然段，其他同学思考： （1）作者是在什么地方观看钱塘江大潮的？ 学生思考明确：海宁县盐官镇的海塘大堤上。 （2）潮来前的江面有什么特点？从哪些地方可以看出？ 明确：平静。宽阔的钱塘江……薄雾。［板书：平静］ “横卧”是什么意思？（横着趴下） 师：平静的江面、雨后的阳光、蒙蒙的薄雾，还有古塔、中山亭、观潮台以及远处的小山，构成了一幅多么平静美丽的山水画啊!要想把这幅美丽的图画通过朗读表现出来，在读的时候，声音应该——(轻点儿)速度应该——(慢点儿)请同学们一齐来读这几句。(学生齐读，教师指导纠 正) （3）“江潮还没有来，海塘大堤上早已人山人海。大家昂首东望，等着，盼着”这两句
2020年人教版高中数学必修四知识点归纳总结
人教版高中数学必修四知识点归纳总结 1.1．1 任意角 1．角的有关概念： ①角的定义： 角可以看成平面内一条射线绕着端点从一个位置旋转到另一个位置所形成的图形． ②角的名称： ③角的分类： ④注意： ⑴在不引起混淆的情况下，“角α ”或“∠α ”可以简化成“α ”； ⑵零角的终边与始边重合，如果α是零角α =0°； ⑶角的概念经过推广后，已包括正角、负角和零角． 2．象限角的概念： ①定义：若将角顶点与原点重合，角的始边与x 轴的非负半轴重合，那么角的终边(端点除外) 在第几象限，我们就说这个角是第几象限角． 1．定 义 我们规定,长度等于半径的弧所对的圆心角叫做1弧度的角；用弧度来度量角的单位制叫 做弧度制．在弧度制下, 1弧度记做1rad ．在实际运算中，常常将rad 单位省略． 弧度制的性质： ①半圆所对的圆心角为;ππ=r r ②整圆所对的圆心角为.22ππ=r r ③正角的弧度数是一个正数． ④负角的弧度数是一个负数． ⑤零角的弧度数是零． ⑥角α的弧度数的绝对值|α|=. r l 4．角度与弧度之间的转换： ①将角度化为弧度： π2360=?； π=?180；rad 01745.01801≈=?π；rad n n 180 π=?． ②将弧度化为角度： ?=3602π；?=180π；815730.57)180(1'?=?≈?=πrad ；?=) 180 (π n n ． 5．常规写法： ① 用弧度数表示角时,常常把弧度数写成多少π 的形式, 不必写成小数． ② 弧度与角度不能混用． 角度 0° 30° 45° 60° 90° 120° 135° 150° 180° 270° 360 ° 弧度 0 弧长等于弧所对应的圆心角(的弧度数)的绝对值与半径的积． 正角：按逆时针方向旋转形成的角 零角：射线没有任何旋转形成的角 负角：按顺时针方向旋转形成的角 始边 终边 顶点 A O B
(推荐)高一英语必修三、必修四知识点归纳
高一英语必修三知识点归纳Unit1 Festivals around the world 1.sth take palce某事（按意图、）发生，举行 (不及物动词，不能用于被动语态) 2.v.(去e)＋al→n. arrive (v.) 到达→arrival (n.)到达者 survive (v.) 幸存；幸免于；→survival (n.)幸存者 3.starve to death ＝be starved to death饿死starve for sth.渴望某物starvation n.饥饿，饿死 4.in memory of sb 纪念某人 5.have belief in对……有信心believe in相信……的存在，believe vt.相信；认为 6.dress up穿上盛装；打扮；dress sb. up=dress up sb. 打扮某人 sb be dressed in某人穿着… 7.play a trick on sb. ＝play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人 8.admire sb. for sth.因某事而羡慕某人 with/in admiration钦佩地 9.look forward to doing sth 期待做某事 look up to 仰视；尊重 look down on/upon 瞧不起 look into调查 10.have fun with sth/sb玩得开心 for fun为了好玩； it’s fun to do sth.做某事很有趣funny adj.有趣的；滑稽可笑的 11.offer sth to sb=offer sb sth 提供某人某物12.decorate sth with sth 用…来装饰… 13.day and night 日夜 14.turn up 出现，到场，调高（音量）turn down 调低 turn to 转向，求助于 turn on 打开 turn off 关闭 15.permit sb. to do sth.允许某人做某事 permit doing sth.允许做某事 time/weather permitting=if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话 permission n.许可，允许 16.keep one’s word 守信用；履行诺言bre ak one’s word失信；食言； in a word 总之 17.hold one’s breath 屏息；屏气 out of breath 上气不接下气 18.drown oneself in…(＝be drowned in...)浸在…… 19.set off 出发；动身 20.remind sb.of sth.提醒某人某事；remind sb.to do sth.提醒某人做某事21.forgive sb. for doing sth.原谅某人做了某事 22.It was obvious t hat…显而易见的是… It is a pity that...很遗憾…… It is well known that... 众所周知…23.try to do sth=seek to do sth企图做某事 try doing sth 尝试做某事 24.mean to do sth打算做某事 mean doing sth意味着做某事 25.hear about/of sth听说某事 26.apologize to sb. for sth./doing sth.因某事/做了某事而向某人道歉make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉27.情态动词will,may,might,can,could,must,should等后面接动词原形
- 四年级上册数学各单元知识点整理
- 四年级下册数学各单元知识点整理新
- 新版PEP四年级上册单元知识点总结
- 四年级下册语文各单元知识点归纳(人教版)
- 人教版小学数学四年级上册各单元知识点总结
- 四年级下册第一单元知识点归纳总结
- 小学数学四年级前四个单元知识点总结
- 人教版四年级上8单元知识点总结(填空版)
- 人教版四年级数学下册单元知识点归纳(全)
- 四年级下册数学各单元知识点整理
- 人教版四年级下册第一单元知识点总结
- 四年级下册语文各单元知识点归纳人教版
- 最新人教版四年级下册语文各单元知识点归纳
- 部编语文四年级上册各单元知识点总结
- 人教版小学英语四年级上册单元知识点总结
- 四年级上册数学各单元知识点整理
- 部编四年级语文上册各单元知识点归纳总结
- 四年级下册语文各单元知识点归纳
- 人教版四年级下册语文各单元知识点归纳
- 四年级数学上册单元知识点小结(全册)