动名词用法讲解及练习
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？
1. The girl is singing a song.
2. The girl singing now is my sister.
3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好).
三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧 :-) 。关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。
一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund)
Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如 the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如 a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下：
1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring.
(singing前加定冠词 the及形容词mellow；coming 前加 the)
2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes.
(rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词 faint)
从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。
二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund)
看看下面的句子：
Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher.
上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。
注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。
动名词的功能与用法
一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement):
1.1 作主语
1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ）
2. Running is good exercise. （主语running)
3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking)
1.2 作主语的补语
1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping)
2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing)
1.3 主语置于句尾
1.3.1 用 It + be + ... +v-ing 句型
1. It is fun speaking English.
2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
1.3.2 用 It is 后接 no use. no good, fun 等的句型
1. It is no use learning theory without practice.
2. It is no fun being lost in rain.
1.3.3 用 It is 后接 useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型
1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration.
1.3.4 用 There + be + no + v-ing 的句型
1. There is no joking about such matters.
2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处)
二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object)
2.1 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面）
1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing)
2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling)
3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking)
注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：
dislike 厌恶 admit 接受 repent 后悔 acknowledge 承认
enjoy 享受 escape避免 deny 否认 postpone 延迟
resent 怨恨 mind 介意 miss 错过 risk 冒风险
finish 完成 avoid 避免 delay 耽误 consider 认为
fancy 想象 excuse 原谅 include 包括 imagine 想象
resist 抵制 suggest 建议……
还有短语类：
keep (on)继续 don't mind 不介意 cannot help 不禁 give up 放弃
put off 延迟 leave off 停止 burst out 闯出……
再请注意：有一些动词除了可接动名词外，也可接不定词(infinitive)。例子如下：
1. I prefer living in an apartment. (动词prefer接动名词 living)
2. I prefer to live in an apartment. (动词prefer接不定词 to live)
像上面两个句子的意思没什么不同。如 prefer 这一类的动词还有：
allow deserve neglect attempt
fear omit begin hate
permit bother intend cease
like recommend continue love
start stop forget regret
propose try continue remember
need ……
其实如hate, love, like之类动词，接动名词和接不定词的句子，意思是会有些不同的，这就留给大家去研究吧，hihi……
2.2 作介词(Preposition)的宾语(Object)
1. I'm sorry for giving you so much trouble. (介词for，宾语giving)
2. The book is worth reading. (介词worth, 宾语reading)
3. I reached him by calling his office. (介词by, 宾语calling)
4. The police arrested(逮捕）him for speeding. (介词for, 宾语speeding)
注意：在下列的句子结构中，介词 in 被省略掉：
1. She is busy (in) correcting her exercises.
2. He spent two hours (in) reading book.
3. There is no use (in) talking with him now.
4. Is it any good (in) taking cold water baths?
2.3 作"名词+介词"的宾语
请看下列的句子：
1. I have the pleasure of speaking to the famous author. (pleasure of + 宾语speaking)
2. He takes a great interest in studying languages. (interest in + 宾语studying)
这一类"名词+介词"的还有：
danger of fear of objection to
delight to habit of opportunity for /of
excuse for experience in love in
reason for ……
三、句子中动名词的逻辑主语(Implied Subject)
什么是动名词的逻辑主语呢？在句子中，除了原有的主语之外，属于动名词的"主语"，也就称为"逻辑主语"，一般位于动名词的前面。
3.1 在动名词前加"物主代词（如：my, his...)"或"名词所有格(如：Mary's, Dog's...)"
1. His coming here helped us a lot. (主语/逻辑主语his, 动名词coming）
2. Tom's escaping from the prison made trouble for the jailer.(主语/逻辑主语Tom,动名词escaping)
3.2 作宾语(Object)的动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，在动名词前加"物主代词"或"名词所有格"
1. Do you mind my smoking in the romm? (逻辑主语my, 动名词smoking)
2. He insisted on Mary's staying there. (逻辑主语Mary, 动名词staying)
注意：作为逻辑主语的名词/代词为无生命时，则用通格（of the):
1. I cannot say there is no fear of the news spreading among intimate friends. （逻辑主语news)
3.3 在下列情况中，不能使用所有格：
3.3.1 代词为 all, both, each, few, several, some, this 等作为逻辑主语时:
1. I remember all of them saying it .
3.3.2 数词、名词化形容词（如 the three, the old...)作逻辑主语时：
1. In spite of the three telling the same story, I could not believe
it.
3.3.3 结构中的逻辑主语是名子或短语，或受从句或短语修饰时：
1. Is there any chance of the people in the back of the room talking a little louder?
四、动名词的语态
4.1 被动式(being + v-ed)
当动名词的逻辑主语所表示的是动作的对象时，动名词要用被动语态。
1. He dislikes being interrupted(被打岔) in his speech.
2. They couldn't stand being treated(被对待) like that.
4.2 完成式 (having + v-ed)
动名词的动作发生在谓语动词之前，要用完成式。
1. We regret having been unable to inform you of the meeting.
2. The students' having done(完成) the work so well made us very happy.
4.3 完成式的被动语态 (having been + v-ed)
1. I heard of his having been chosen(被选为) to be the coach of the team.
2. Some of our customers complained of having been treated(被对待)rudely.
4.4 在动词 need, want, require, deserve 之后的动名词（作为宾语），要用主动
语态来表示被动的意思。
1. The flowers in the garden want watering(需要浇水）.
2. That's one of those questions that really don't need answering(不需回答).
五、作定语（Attribute）
动名词放在所修饰的名词前面作为定语，表示该名词的用途或有关的动作。
1. sleeping car 卧车
2. walking stick 手杖
3. printing shop 印务馆
4. reading room 阅读室
5. swimming pool 泳池
6. washing machine 洗衣机
7. dining room 饭厅
六、在英文正式语体里，动名词可放在前置词(Preposition)后，以替代副词/状语的子
句(Adverbial Clauses)
例：1. In case customers encounter difficulties, they should ring the following number:...
2. In case of encountering difficulties, customers should ring the following number:...
第二个句子的"In case of "动名词短句(Gerund Phrase) 取代第一个句子的 "Incase" 副词子句。
下列都是这类例子：
1. In spite of doing his best, the pupil was reproached. (In spite of )
2. Despite coming in time, the visitors were not admitted. (despite)
3. For all his arguing, the teacher could not convince us. (for all)
4. The fireman distinguished himself by doing his duty to the utmost. (by)
5. In sending us the book you proved to be reliable. (In)
6. Instead of blaming the boy, the teacher encouraged him. (instead of )
7. The girl left without saying a word. (without)
8. The boy was blamed for breaking the window. (for)
9. The children got tired from learning too much. (from)
10. After spending the holidays with us, our nephew went back to England. (after)
11. Before going to bed, I opened the window. (before)
12. On arriving at the station, John was welcomed by his friends. (on)
13. Since leaving school, I have not seen my teacher. (since)
练习题
1) Mark often attempts to escape _D___ whenever he BReaks TRaffic regulations.
A)shavingsbeen fined B) to have been fined
C) to be fined D) being fined
2) My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate __D__ from you sometime.
A) to have heard B) to hear C) for hearing D) hearing
3) The thief took away the woman's wallet without__A__.
A) being seen B) seeing C) him seeing D) seeing him
4) People appreciate _C___with him because he has a good sense of humor. (CET-4 1998,1)
A) to work B) to have worked C) working D) have working
5) I've enjoyed _B___ to talk with you.
A) to be able B) being able C) to been able D) of being able
6) No one can avoid __B__ by advertisements.
A) to be influenced B) being influenced
C) influencing D) shavings influence
7) They are considering __C__ before the prices go up.
A) of buying the house B) with buying the house
C) buying the house D) to buy the house
8) He thought that __C__.
A) the effort doing the job was not worth B) the effort was not worth in doing the job
C) it was not worth the effort doing the job D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job
?9) If I had remembered __A__ the door, the things would not have been stolen.
A) to lock B) locking
C) to have locked D)shavings locked
10) Your shirt needs ___C_. You'd better have it done today.
A) iron B) to iron C) ironing D) being ironed
11) You can't help __C__ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another.
A) to hear B) to be heard C) hearing D) with hearing
12) My TRansistor radio isn't working. It _C___.
A) need repairing B) needs to repair
C) needs repairing D) need to be repaired
13) It is no use _B___ me not to worry.
A) you tell B) your telling
C) for you to have told D)shavings told
14) He is very busy _B__ his papers. He is far too busy ____ callers.
A) to write...to receive B) writing...to receive
C) writing...receiving D) to write...for receiving
15)The suspect at last admitted __A__ stolen goods but denied ____ them.
A) receiving...selling B) to receive...to sell
C) to receiving...to selling D) to have received...to have sold
16) She apologized for _A___ to come.
A) her not being able B) her being not able
C) not being able D) that she's not able to
17)I really appreciate _C___ to help me, but I am sure that I can manage by myself.
A) you to offer B) that you offer
C) your offering D) that you are offering
18) Please stop __D__, boys, I have something important to ____ you.
A) saying ...talk B) telling ... say
C) talking ...speak D) talking ... tell
19) Tony, would you go and see if Sam has any difficulty __B__ his tape recorder?
A) to fix B) fixing C) for fixing D) fix
20)"Why isn't Nancy going to meet us?""It's my fault. I forgot all about __A__ her."
A) telephoning to B) to telephone
C) to telephone to D) the telephoning to
21)"Why were you late?""I had a hard time _D___ up this morning."
A) to get B) get C) got D) getting
22)I remember _B___ to help us if we ever got sintos TRouble.
A) once offering B) him once offering
C) him to offer D) to offer him
23)John regretted __A__ to the meeting last week.
A) not going B) not to go
C) notshavingsbeen going D) not to be going
24) It is difficult to get used __B_ in a tent after shavingsa soft, comforTABLE bed to lie on.
A) sleep B) to sleeping
C) slept D) to sleep
25) He gives people the impression _C___ many poems.
A) of shavingswritten B) to have written
C) of being written D) to write
26) Do you feel like _D___ out or would you rather ____ dinner at home?
A) going...to have B) to go...to have
C) to go...having D) going...have
27) Prior to _A___ the formal speech, first he will inTRoduce himself.
A) delivering B) deliver
C) being delivering D) being delivered
28)I don't mind __D__ by bus, but I hate ____ in queues.
A) to TRavel...standing B)shavingsTRaveled...standing
C) TRaveling...to stand D) TRaveling...standing
29)What about ___C_ double quantities of everything today? We have hardly time to go____ next week.
A) buying...to shop B) buy...shopping
C) buying...shopping D) to buy...shopping
30) We had some TRouble _B___ the house and nobody seemed ____swheresit was.
A) in finding...knowing B) finding...to know
C) to find...knowing D) to find...to know
31)We can't imagine _B___ in the enTRance examination, for she has never been to school.
A) she succeeding B) her succeeding
C) she succeed D) her to succeed
32)I don't like __A__ at me.
A) them laughing B) their laugh
C) them laugh D) them to have laughed
33)We suggested _A___ in hotels but the children were anxious ____ out.
A) sleeping...to camp B) sleeping...camping
C) to sleep...to camp D) to sleep...camping
?34)I have no OBJECTion _B___ the evening with them.
A) to spend B) to spending C) of spending D) spending
35) After __A__ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.
A) being interviewed B) interviewed
C) interviewing D)shavingsinterviewed
36)The match was cancelled because most of the members ___A_ a match without
a standard court.
A) OBJECTed toshavingsB) were OBJECTed to have
C) OBJECTed to have D) were OBJECTed to having
37)Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because she was busy __C__ for her examination.
A) to prepare B) to be prepared
C) preparing D) being prepared
38)It is no good __A__ remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned.
A) TRying to B) to TRy to
C) TRy to D) TRied to
39)After __D__ him better, I regretted ____ him unfairly.
A) getting to know...to judge
B) getting to know...to have judged
C) getting to have know...judging
D) getting to know...having judged
40)He is looking forward to __C__ his holiday in Britain.
A) spend B) have spent
C) spending D)shavingsbeen spending
41) Before __D__ the house, you should get a surveyor____ over it.
A) buying...looking B)shavingsbought...to look
C) buying...to have looked D) buying...to look
42)In some counTRies people favor __C__ together even though there is much more space.
A) to stay B) stay C) staying D) stayed
43)"Why was Fred so upset?""He isn't used _C___ criticized." A) be B) to be C) to being D)shavingsbeen
44) It's no use _B___ to get a bargain these days.
A) to expect B) expecting
C) wanting D) you expect
45)"Why were you so late for work today?""__A__ to the office was very slow this morning because of the TRaffic."
A) Driving B) I drove
C) To drive D) That I drove
46)It was impolite of him __A__without ____good-bye.
A) to leave, saying B) leaving, to say
C) to leave, to say D) leaving, saying
47) He kept __C__to his parents.
A) putting off to write B) to put off to write
C) putting off writing D) to put off writing
48)I'll go with you after I get through with _A___the house.
A) cleaning B) to cleaning
C) to be cleaned D)shavingscleaned
49) With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist __C__four pounds.
A) to take B) took C) taking D) have taken
50)How can you keep the machine _C___when you are away?
A) run B) to run C) running D) being run
动名词
Ⅰ.单项选择 (45%)
1.No one enjoys (C)at.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/df12502689.html,ughing
B.to laugh
C.being laughed
D.to be laughed
2.You must do something to prevent your house (B) .
A.to be broken in
B.from being broken in
C.to break in
D.from breaking in
3.They insisted on (C)another chance to try.
A.given
B.giving
C.being given
D.to be given
4.—Where is my passport? I remember (C)it here.
—You shouldn't have left it here. Remember it with you all the time.
A.to put；to take
B.putting；taking
C.putting；to take
D.to put；taking
5.His room needs (A), so he must have it
A.painting； painted
B.painted； painting
C.painting； painting
D.painted； painted
6.After finishing his homework he went on (D)a letter to his parents.
A.write
B.writing
C.wrote
D.to write
7.The young trees we planted last week require (A) with great care.
A.looking after
B.to look after
C.to be looked after
D.taken good care of
8.Only(D)English doesn't mean ( ) the language.
A.to learn；to learn
B.learning；learning
C.learning about；learn
D.learning about；learning
9.She returned home only to find the door open and something
(C) .
A.missed
B.to be missing
C.missing
D.to be missed
10.She decided to devote herself (C) the problem of old age.
A.to study
B.studying
C.to studying
D.study
11.Remember (C)the newspaper when you have finished it.
A.putting back
B.put back
C.to put back
D.be put back
12.As she is looking forward to (B)from me, please remember ()this letter on your way to school.
A.hear；post
B.hearing；to post
C.be heard；posting
D.be hearing；to posting
13.Grandma said that she had a lot of trouble(C) your handwriting.
A.to read
B.to see
C.reading C.in seeing
14.Writing stories and articles (A)what I enjoy most.
A.is
B.are
C.was
D.were
15.We appreciate (C)us to the ball.
A.them to invite
B.to invite
C.their inviting
D.being invited
16.Would you mind (C)quiet for a moment? I'm trying ()a form.
A.keeping；filling out
B.to keep；to fill out
C.keeping；to fill out
D.to keep；filling out
17.He was afraid (B) for being late.
A.of seeing
B.of being seen
C.to be seen
D.to have seen
18.I'd like to suggest (B)the meeting till next week.
A.to put off
B.putting off
C.put off
D.to be put off
19.I don't see how I could possibly manage(B) the work without () .
A.finish；helping
B.to finish；being helped
C.finishing；helping
D.finishing；being helped
20.Anything worth (A) is worthy of ()well.
A.doing；being done
B.doing；doing
C.to be done；to be done
D.to be done；being done
21.We advised them to take a rest, but they insisted (D) the work.
A.finish
B.to finish
C.in finishing
D.on finishing
22.I delayed (B)your letter because I had been away for a week.
A.answer
B.answering
C.writing
D.to post
23.The thief drove as fast as he could to escape (C)by the police.
A.to be caught
B.he caught
C.being caught
D.catching
24.I searched for my wallet and it wasn't there. At first, I thought I () it at home. Then I remembered (D)it out to pay for the taxi.
A.must have left；to take
B.may leave；taking
C.might leave； to take
D.could have left；taking
25.(B) the news of his father's death, he burst into tears.
A.After hearing
B.On hearing
C.While hearing
D.Having heared
26.(C) his mother, the baby could not help() .
A.To see；to laugh
B.Seeing； to laugh
C.Seeing；laughing
D.To see；laughing
27.It's no use (C)so much money on clothes.
A.spend
B.spent
C.spending
D.being spent
28.The sentence needs (C)
A.improve
B.a improvement
C.improving
D.improved
29.If he succeeded (C)a job, his children wouldn't be suffering from hunger now.
A.to find
B.to look for
C.in finding
D.in looking for
30.I still remember (C)to my home town when I was young.
A.taking
B.taken
C.being taken
D.to take
Ⅱ.填入动名词的适当形式(25%)
1.Can you imagine yourself (Staying)in a lonely island? (stay)
2.I can't understand your (laughing)at that poor child.(laugh)
3.She didn't mind (working)overtime.(work)
4.To make a living, he tried (writing), and various other things, but he had failed in (painting)all .(write; paint)
5.We are looking forward to Mary's(coming). (come)
6.She was praised for (having saved)the life of the child.(save)
7.She ought to be praised instead of (being criticzing). (criticize).
8.Is there any possibility of our(winning) the championship?(win)
9.He came to the party without (being inviting). (invite)
Ⅲ.将下列句子译成英语(30%)
1.我最喜欢的运动是游泳.
my favoriting sport is swimming
2.今天去没有用, 他不会在家.
it's no using going there , He won't be in
3.你写完作文了吗?
Have you finished writing your composition ?
4.请原谅我来晚了.
Excuse me for being late
5.他不声不响地走了进来.
He entered the room without making any noise 6.他走进来了, 没有被看见.
He entered the room without being seen .
动名词的用法教案
教学过程 一、复习预习 1.引导学生复习上节内容，批改学生上次课的作业，以题带点，查漏补缺。 2.复习必修四unit2--unit4 v-ing形式做主语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语,定语和状语。 Unit3课文原句：Unfortunately his father died, leaving the family even worse...翻译：不幸的是他的父亲去世了，使得他的家境更加艰难...... 要点考点：leaving...现在分词作结果状语常表示“意料、情理之中” 句式仿写：他们遇上交通阻塞，因而迟到了。 They were caught in a traffic jam,thus causing the delay.
二、知识讲解 考点/易错点1：非谓语v-ing做主语 V-ing形式做主语 (注意谓语动词用单数） Reading in bed is bad for your eyes. 句型：It’s no use /no good/useless +v-ing (注意：it为形式主语 v-ing 形式为真正的主语。 翻译：1.覆水难收( It’s no use crying over the spilt milk.) 2.抱怨是无用的(It’s no use complaining.) 考例：Once your business becomes international,_________constantly will be part of your life. A.your fly B.your flight C. Flight D. Flying (答案) D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C 均为名词，不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。
(完整)初中英语动词分类讲解及练习(有答案)
动词概述 一、实义动词 ■①及物动词与不及物动词 根据后面是否带宾语，行为动词又可分为及物动词和不及物动词，及物动词。Vt. vi . They study hard. I know them well. 注：有的动词既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。如： She sings very well. She sang an English song just now. 英语里有不少实义动词可以兼作及物动词和不及物动词。兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，____不变。试比较： Shall I begin at once? She began working as a librarian after she left school. When did they leave Chicago?They left last week. 短语： ■②动态动词和静态动词 动态动词表示动作，如give, take, work, run等；静态动词表示感觉、情感、内心世界、相互关系等，如know, exist, be, have, appear, prove, concern, hate, dislike, like, love, surprise, include, depend on, belong to, guess, suppose，imagine, believe, doubt, admire, envy等。 ■③延续性动词和非延续性动词 根据动作是否延续，行为动词又分为延续性动词和非延续性动词。如rain, live, work, learn等是延续性动词，go, come, leave, start, arrive, join, finish, end等是非延续性动词。 注：非延续性动词在肯定句中通常不与表示时间段连用的for短语连用。如：[译]他离开这里三天了。 [误]He has left here for three days. [正]He has been away from here for three days. [正]He left here three days ago. [正]It’s three days since he left. ■④限定动词与非限定动词
动名词的用法
动名词的用法及练习 你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 主语置于句尾用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染). 用It is 后接no use. no good, fun 等的句型 1. It is no use learning theory without practice. 2. It is no fun being lost in rain. 用It is 后接useless, nice, good, interesting, worthwhile 等的句型 1. It is worthwhile taking this into consideration. 用There + be + no + v-ing 的句型 1. There is no joking about such matters. 2. There is no getting along with him. (简直无法与他相处) 二、动名词也可以作宾语（Object) 作动词/动词短语的宾语(置于动词或动词短语的后面） 1. I cannot help laughing. （我禁不住笑了起来）（宾语laughing) 2. You should avoid quarrelling with your sister. (宾语quarrelling) 3. You should practice speaking English more. (宾语speaking) 注意：上面三个句子中的动词:help, avoid, practice 只能用动名词作宾语。这类动词还有：dislike 厌恶admit 接受repent 后悔acknowledge 承认
英语语法专项：动名词用法讲解及练习(附答案)
你听过英文语法有动词(verb)、名词(noun)；但你听过有动名词(gerund)吗？ 1. The girl is singing a song. 2. The girl singing now is my sister. 3. Singing is one of her hobbies(爱好). 三个句子中都有singing。第一个句子的singing是常见的现在进行式(Present Continuous)，是说眼下正在做什么；第二个句子的singing是现在分词(Present Participle)，它把sing这个动词转为形容词，但仍有动词的成份（哈哈，这么一说，要把你搞晕了吧:-) 。关于分词，以后有空再谈OK？）。好戏在后头，你看看第三个句子的singing到底是什么东东呀？原来就是我们的主角动名词(Gerund)了！憧矗瑂ing原本是个动词，可是现在它加上ing后，看来竟像是一个名词了。 一、名词性的动名词(Nominal Gerund) Nominal Gerund 可以加上定冠词(Definite article，如the)或不定冠词(Indefinite article，如a, an)，其他可加在动名词前的还有如：my, this, some, any, all, no 等等。举例如下： 1. The mellow(愉快地) singing of the birds announces the coming of spring. (singing前加定冠词the及形容词mellow；coming 前加the) 2. We knew the robber was near when we heard a faint rustling(沙沙声) in the bushes. (rustling 前加不定冠词a及形容词faint) 从上面的例子可看出如何将一个动词转成名词；但它和真正的名词还是有区别的，那就是没有单数或复数之分。不过，有一些动名词是可以变成真正名词的喔，如：saying, writing, opening, painting, cutting, heading, feeling, being,saving, surrounding, crossing, misunderstanding 等等。它们都可以有复数的喔，方法就是在它们的后面加个s，如：paintings。 二、动词性的动名词(Verbal Gerund) 看看下面的句子： Carelessly writing essays annoys the teacher. 上面的句子里的writing是动名词，但前面有副词carelessly（粗心地），后面又有受词(Object) essays。因此writing就有动词的特征。 注意：Verbal Gerund 这类动名词的前面可不能加上任何冠词(the, a, an ...)喔。 动名词的功能与用法 一、在句子中用作主语(Subject)或主语的补语(Subject Complement): 1.1 作主语 1. Listening to music gives me pleasure. (主语Listening ） 2. Running is good exercise. （主语running) 3. Walking to school is a good idea. (主语walking) 1.2 作主语的补语 1. My cat's favorite activity is sleeping. (补语sleeping) 2. Seeing is believing. (主语seeing, 补语believing) 1.3 主语置于句尾 1.3.1 用It + be + ... +v-ing 句型 1. It is fun speaking English. 2. It is of great importance fighting against pollution(污染).
初中英语语法精讲动词不定式用法(教案)
动词不定式用法 动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。但动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词特征，在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、表语和状语等多种成分。另外，动词不定式具有动词特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，组成动词不定式短语。动词不定式的肯定形式是to＋do；其否定形式是not to＋do。 下面以动词不定式在句中的作用来予以详细说明。 1．作主语 可以直接作主语。如：To see is to believe． 但在英语中，常用it作形式主语，真正的主语即动词不定式放在后面。如： It's wrong to play tricks on other people． It's our duty to keep our environment clean and tidy． 点击规律：动词不定式在句中作主语时，常放在It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth句型中，表示说话人对客观事件的决断，意为：做…..是……的，it仅作形式主语，真正的主语是to do sth It is very interesting to read.读书是有趣的 It is useful to read.看书是有用的 It is healthy to run every day.每天跑步是健康的 It is a little difficulty for me to work out this question.解出这道题对我来说有点难 It is bad not to finish homework.不完成作业是糟糕的 It is bad to be late for school.迟到是糟糕的 It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth该句型通常表示说话人对客观事件的惊讶、兴奋、懊悔、难过等感叹情绪，与It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth的意义不同。 It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．你能告诉我事实，真是太好了 It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．他做那件傻事，真是太笨了 It is very clever of you to work out this question. 你能解出这道题目，真是太聪明了 It is very wise of you to read this novel. 你看这本小说，真是太明智了 这个句型中用介词of而不是for的原因是这里的形容词是用来形容人的品质性格的。 类似的词有：careless，careful，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid，friendly 因此区分是用It is ＋adj +(for sb.)＋(not)to do sth还是It is+adj+of sb +(not)to do sth，要
初中英语动名词的用法
初中英语动名词的用法 动名词，即“动词原形+ing ”变成名词使用，具有双重性，既有动词的某些特征，有动词的各种变化形式；又有名词的某些性质，在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语。同时也能被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的名词的性质 1. 作主语 动名词作为主语有以下几种表现形式： 1) 直接作为主语。 例如： Taking exercise everyday is a good habit. Finding work is difficult these days. Walking is a good form of exercise for both young and old. [句中Walking (散步)作为句子主语，直接出现。句意：散步对年轻人和老年人是一项很好的运动。] 2) 用it 作形式主语，真正的主语作为后置主语。 例如： It isn't easy trying to climb the mountain. [ 句中It 作为形式主语，动名词短语trying to do sth. 才是真正的主语。] 能用于上述结构的形容词有：better，wonderful ，enjoyable，interesting，foolish ，
difficult ，useless，senseless，worthwhile 等。但是important, essential, necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 用it 代替动名词作形式主语的除了上述句型外，还有一种句型为： It is no use/ useless/ useful/ no good/ great fun/ a waste of time/ nice/ good+ v-ing 例如： It's no use trying to argue with him. 3) “ There be” 的结构 这种句型一般是否定形式，There是引导词，作为形式 主语，动名词做真正主语。意思是“不可能……”。 例如： There is no joking about such matters. 4) 告示或简略的警告用语中，动名词在祈使句中作主语一般是否定的、省略的形式。 例如： No climbing. (No climbing is allowed. ) 5) 组成复合结构动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，可在其前面加上所有 格， 使之变成复合结构，可作为句中主语。 例如：
动名词的用法及练习题
动名词（Gerund） 动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing 构成，否定形式为not doing， 兼有动词的特征和名词的功能。 二、动名词相当于名词，在句中主要作主语、宾语、表语和定语 1、作主语 动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如： Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16 个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 注意：动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …" 和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如： It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office.我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it.把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no good learning without practice.学而不实践是没好处的。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no denying that she is very efficient. 她效率高是不容否认的。 2 、作定语动名词作定语的情况并不是很普遍，一般只限于单个的动名词作定语，表示“用于……的”或表示“处于某件事情中的……”含义。例如：swimming pool 游泳池 walking stick 手杖opening speech 开幕词waiting room 候车室reading material 阅读材料floating needle 浮针listening aid 助听器working people 劳动人民 3 、作表语动名词作表语的时候，特别要注意：不要与正在进行时混淆。动名词作表语，表达的是“某件事”等。例如： His part-time job is promoting new products for the company. （动名词）他的业余工作是为那家公司推销新产品。 Reading is for sure learning, but applying is also learning to a greater extent.（动名词）读书当然是学习，然而运用在很大程度上更是学习。
高中英语专题复习——情态动词用法教案
一、教学内容：情态动词 二、教学目标： 1、掌握情态动词的基本用法 2、掌握情态动词辨析 三、教学重难点： 1、从整体上把握情态动词的语法和语义特征 2、掌握每个情态动词在实际语境中的用法特点及功能 四、教学过程 （一）情态动词的基本用法 1、情态动词的类型和特征 2、情态动词的用法 （1）can/could的用法 以can开头的一般疑问句，其肯定与否定回答分别用can和can’t. （2）may/might的用法
?can 和may都可用来表征求意见或许可，意为“可以“，一般可互换。 （3）must的用法 ?在疑问句和否定句中一般用can 表示推测，否定句中也可用may，但may not表示“可能不“，而can’t表示”不可能“。在否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止，”不允许“。 （4）need 和dare的用法 二者既可作情态动词也可作实义动词
（5）shall(should),will(would)的用法 （6）题组练习 ?Don’t drive too fast, or you ＿＿＿have a accident. ?May I park my car here? No, you ＿＿＿.You should park the car in the car park. ?What a nice day! ＿＿＿we go surfing? Good idea. ?You ＿＿＿worry about him. He is old enough to look after himself. ?There is a book on the ground. It ＿＿＿be John’s. Look! His photo is in it. ? A teacher ＿＿＿also make a mistake if he is not careful enough.
动名词的用法及练习题92309
动名词的用法 1．动名词是动词的一种非谓语形式，由动词+ ing 构成，否定形式为not doing，具有动词和名词的性质，在句中起名词作用，可作主语、宾语、表语和 定语。 1）作主语动名词是由动词变化而来，所以，动名词的意义往往是表示某个动作或某件事情。例如： Walking is good exercise. 走路是很好的运动 Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 Smoking may cause cancer. 吸烟可能导致癌症。 Coming to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours. 乘火车到杭州要16 个小时。 Swimming develops the muscles. 游泳可以发展肌肉。 动名词作主语时，对于一些比较长的动名词短语，一般采用"It is …"和"There is …"两种句式来表示。例如： It takes me ten minutes to get home from my office. 我从办公室回家要花十分钟。 It needs time to make three copies of it. 把它复制三份需要时间。 It's nice talking with you. 和你谈话很高兴。 It's no use arguing with him. 跟他争论没用。 It is no use sending him over. It's too late already. 派他去没用，已经太晚了。 It was very difficult getting everything ready in time. 要把一切按时准备好很困难。 It is no use waiting for him any longer. 等他是没有用的。 It is no good learning without practice. 学而不实践是没好处的。 It is dangerous using this method to measure the speed of light. 用这种方法去测量光速是危险的。 It is worthwhile consulting your tutor about it again. 很值得再向你的指导老师咨询一下这个问题。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no joking about such matters. 这种事开不得玩笑。 There is no harm in doing so. 这样做没有害处。 There is no littering about. 不许乱扔杂物。
高中英语动名词的用法(完美版)
高中英语语法之动名词 一、含义 动名词兼有动词和名词特征的非谓语动词形式。基本形式为v-ing, 动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以做主语、表语、宾语、定语等。 动名词有时态和语态的变化。 动名词的时态和语态的基本形式：（以write为例） 注意：动名词的否定形式是：not writing 二、动名词的基本用法 １．用作主语---常表抽象，或者泛指习惯性的动作。 Smoking is bad for your health. Playing with fire is dangerous. Swimming is her favorite sport. 游泳是她最喜欢的体育运动。 Learning is important to modern life. 学习对现代生活很重要。 注意： ①不定式也可以做主语。不定式与动名词作主语的区别： 不定式作主语时经常表示具体的、 ．．．动作，而动名词 ．．．．一次性 作主语时经常表示抽象动作或习惯性动作。
Getting up early is a good habit. To get up early this morning made me sleepy. ②动名词作主语，有时用it作形式主语，把动名词置于句末。 It is no use/ good doing...(做。。。没有用); It is fun doing... (做。。。很有趣); It is a waste of time doing... (做。。。是浪费时间) 等句型中。 例如：It’s no use crying over spilt milk.(覆水难收） It is fun playing with children. 和孩子们一起玩真好。 It is a waste of time persuading such a person to join us. 说服这样一个人加入我们当中来是浪费时间。 2. 作宾语 ①作某些及物动词的宾语 常见的动词有：advise，avoid，delay，escape，excuse，enjoy，consider，finish，deny，fancy，keep，mind（在乎）postpone，pardon，practise，suggest，imagine等。 need，want，require后接动名词，表示被动意义。 如：Would you mind opening the door？请你把门打开好吗？ Fancy meeting you here. 真想不到在这里遇见你。 ②作介词的宾语 He left without saying good-bye to us. 他没有和我们道别就离开了。 On arriving at the airport，I saw my mother standing in the
名词活用教案
词类活用 ——名词的词类活用 教学目标 1、让学生明白词类活用这个高考考点。 2、理解词类活用的概念。 3、掌握名词活用为动词和名词作状语的基规律，提高理解和翻译文言文的能力。教学重点、难点 1、概括总结名词活用的规律 2、掌握名词的使动用法和名词的意动用法 教学过程 一、导入 解释下列划线的词的意思 不胫而走晨钟暮鼓车载斗量风餐露宿汗牛充栋祸国殃民游戏人生千金一刻二、名词的词类活用 （一）名词用作动词 1、名词后面带宾语，一般活用为动词 如：百姓孰敢不箪食壶浆以迎将军者乎？（《隆中对》 2、名词前面有能愿动词（能、欲、可、当）或副词时，活用为动词 左右欲刃相如，相如张目叱之。（《廉颇蔺相如列传》） 3、“所”字结构中，“所”后面的名词，一般活用为动词。 4、名词用在“之”“其”“尔”“汝”“我”等代词前面，活用为动词 驴不胜怒，蹄之。（《黔之驴》） 5、叙述句谓语部分找不到动词或其他词语作谓语中心语，名词活用为动词。
如：平地三月花者，深山中则四月花。（《采草药》） （二）名词用作状语 旦辞爷娘去，暮宿黄河边。（《木兰诗》） 又间令吴广之次所旁丛祠中，夜篝火，狐鸣呼曰：“大楚兴，陈胜王。”（《陈涉世家》） （三）名词的使动用法 先生之恩，生死而肉骨也。（《中山狼传》） 齐威王欲将孙膑，膑辞谢曰：“刑馀之人不可。” （四）名词的意动用法 邑人奇之，稍稍宾客其父（《伤仲永》） 故人不独亲其亲，不独子其子。 三、课堂小结 名词连用多活用，代前副后谓语通。 不能带宾强带宾，多是意动或使动。 谓前不愿作主语，时间方位状语共。 区分活用看仔细，切记放在句子中。 四、课堂练习分析并解释下列划线词语。 草木皆兵星罗棋布 大楚兴，陈胜王。 中通外直，不蔓不枝。 然则北通巫峡，南极潇湘。 酿泉为酒，泉香而酒烈。 项王虽霸天下而臣诸侯。 孔子师郯子、苌弘、师襄、老聃。
(完整版)动名词讲解与练习
非谓语动词之动名词 一定义 动名词，就是动词后加ing 的形式，即doing sth.它的作用相当于一个名词，所以叫做“动名词”。 动名词的否定形式在动名词前加not。 二．动名词ing形式的变化规则。 1.一般在词尾直接加ing。 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词，去掉e再加ing。 3.以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音的动词，要双写最后一个字母后加ing。 4.少数以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y，再加ing。 三作用 一）作主语 1.动名词用作主语，谓语动词用单数。. Reading French is easier than speaking it. 阅读法文比讲法语容易。 Talking to him is talking to a wall. 和他说话等于对牛弹琴。 Smoking can cause cancer. 吸烟会致癌。 Growing roses is her hobby. 种玫瑰是她的爱好。 2.有时it作形式主语，把动名词主语放在句子后面。 It’s nice seeing you again.再次见到你太好了。
It was tiring driving from morning till night. 从早到晚开车很累人。 It’s a wonder meeting you here.在这里碰到你真是奇迹。 It was a waste of time reading that book. 看那本书是浪费时间。 3.动名词的复合结构作主语 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构（这时，名词或代词的所有格做动名词的逻辑主语)。动名词的复合结构也可以在句中作主语。 注意比较下面两个句子的区别与联系： I don’t mind smoking here. I don’t mind his smoking here. 注意：在口语中，如果动名词复合结构作宾语，其中的物主代词常用人称代词宾格，名词所有格常用名词普通格来代替，但在句首做主语时不能这样来代替。 【例题】翻译句子（需包含动名词相关形式）： ①介意我用下你的电脑吗？ ? ②爸爸坚决要求他的儿子上大学。 . ③玛丽病了，使她妈妈很着急。 . ④他抽烟使他一家人非常生气。 . 4.动名词和动词不定式作主语的区别： 动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，一般不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起；不定式多用来表示具体的动作或行为，往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
动名词的用法详解
动名词的用法详解 今天给大家带来动名词的用法详解，我们一起来学习吧，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 英语语法：动名词的用法详解 动名词因同时拥有动词和名词两者的特点而拥有及其丰富 的用法，熟练的掌握这些用法不仅可以使口语表达更地道生动，也能在写作中增分添彩。 动名词主要有四种用法，做主语，作宾语，作表语，作定语，每种用法下又分小类别，是一个非常复杂庞大的系统，学习者们往往会理不清脉络，今天就为大家带来动名词的用法讲解。 一.作主语 1.直接位于句首 eg.Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2.用it作形式主语，把动名词(真实主语)置于句尾作后置主语。 eg.It is no use telling him not to worry.
.mportant，essential，necessary等形容词不能用于上述结构。 3.用于“There be”结构中 eg.There is no saying when hell come. 4.动名词的复合结构作主语: 当动名词有自己的逻辑主语时，常可以在前面加上一个名词或代词的所有格，构成动名词的复合结构,动名词疑问句通常使用这种结构做主语 eg.Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. Does your saying that mean anything to him? 二.作宾语 1.作动词的宾语 某些动词后出现非限定性动词时只能用动名词作宾语，不能用不定式。不定式通常指某种特定的动作，但动名词表示泛指，常见的此类动词有： admit,appreciate,excuse,stand,advise,allow,permit,avoid,consider,e njoy,finish,give up,cannot help,imagine,include,keep,understand,keepon,mind,report,risk,mis s,put off,delay,practise,resist,suggest,depend on,think about,set about,succeed in,worry about,burst out,insist on,feel like,be used
动名词教学文档
初中英语知识点总结：动名词 如果一个动词加上了ing变成了名词，那么这个词称动名词。由于动名词是由动词变化而来，它仍保留着动词的某些特征，具有动词的某些变化形式，用以表达名词所不能表达的较为复杂的意念。动名词的名词特征表现在它可在句子中当名词来用，作主语、宾语、表语、定语。它也可以被副词修饰或者支配宾语。 一、动名词的作用 1、作主语 1）直接位于句首做主语。例如：Swimming is a good sport in summer. 2）用it 作形式主语，把动名词（真实主语）置于句尾作后置主语。动名词做主语时，不太常用it 作先行主语，多见于某些形容词及名词之后。例如：It is no use telling him not to worry. 3）动名词作主语与动词不定式作主语的比较：动词不定式和动名词都可以用作主语。在意义上相近。但动名词多用来表示泛指或抽象动作，不定式多用来表示特指或具体动作。比较：Smoking is not good for health. It is not good for you to smoke so much. 2、作表语 动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。 Your task is cleaning the windows. 你的任务就是擦窗户。（Cleaning the windows is your task.） What I hate most is being laughed at. 我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。（Being laughed at is what I hate most.） 3、作定语 动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。如：a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing . 4、作宾语 例：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term. 我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。 5、有些词后只能接动名词，不能跟不定式。allow；avoid；celebrate；consider；discontinue；dislike；enjoy；escape；excuse；feel like；finish；forgive；can't help；imagine；keep；it means；mind；miss；practice；prevent；等 6、另外还有一些接-ing形式的常用短语。spend money/time；think of，give up，put off，insist on，be good at，do well in，can't help，keep on，feel like，be tired （afraid，
教案精选：高三英语《否定式 not + 动名词》教学设计
教案精选：高三英语《否定式not + 动名 词》教学设计 教案精选：高三英语《否定式not + 动名词》教学设计 1.利用课文丰富的情景资源，以填空题的形式，对高考完型填空进行基础训练， 同时增强学生对词汇的情景领悟力，应对高考完型，单选情景化的特点。 2.高考重点短语：pay for one’s schooling, a skilled seaman, defeat sb, watch sb.doing,head south,name sb ,jump about,end in disaster,strike a coral bed,tear a large hole,Cook’s quick thinking 3.词汇：store, live (adj.), raise, sickness, defend, seize, celebrate, sink , let out, set sail, fall ill, pass by, be worth doing, in search of, at sea, take an interest in, take... by surprise, in charge of 4.交际用语：Learn how to express “Decisions and intentions” I insist that... I have decided to... I shall insist on... We will...
5.语法：进一步学习动词- ing 形式做宾语，主语和表语的用法,利用CAPTAIN COOK(1) 复习定语从句。 教学建议 教学教法： 这篇文章内容平板，普通的处理会流于平庸。DIALOGUE前建议教师先提问：“why did so many seamen die during the long voyage?” “what will you take if you go through a forest?” 启发学生思维.教师在处理课文时，可紧紧抓住＂库克少年时受人资助，战争中表现出色，航海中的特殊贡献＂这一亮点，鼓励学生独立思考，勇于创新的精神．这两篇课文主要围绕CAPTAIN COOK 富有传奇色彩的一生。要求学生不仅能够用英语描绘他的生平，而且汲取他勇于冒险的精神。教师可酌情要求学生对细节词汇的领悟，比如：p8中的二段中的：break out, join the navy ,defend, chart ,mark, down the river, defeat, seize......语法上可结合P8课文内容巩固上一单元定语从句的基本用法。 词语辨析： 1.alive, live (adj.) 和living alive 指人和动物,在句中只能做宾补,表语或后置定语.例如: An army office was caught alive.一名敌人军官被活捉. He is still alive. 他还活着. Who is the greatest man alive?
动名词及现在分词专项练习.doc
动名词及现在分词专项练习 Gerunds （动名词） 1.People call that___ two birds with one stone. A. kill B. killed C. killing D. had killed 2. Every morning he spends two hours ____ papers and magazines. A. for reading B. on reading C. reading D. to read 3. We never listen to Beethoven without ____. A. being deeply impressed B. impressed deeply C. having deeply impressed D. to be deeply impressed 4. ____ no persuading him to buy the car. A. There was B. It was C. Here was D. That was 5. Don ’ t forget ____to me . Let ’s keep in touch. A. to write B. writing C. having written D. to have written 6. Unless you both stop ____, I will call in the police. A. fighting B. to fight C. having fought D. being fought 7.On ____our village , we asked him for chocolate. A. him to reach B. his to reach C. for him to reach D. his reaching 8.An old friend of mine came near ____by the train. A. to kill B. killing C. being killed D. to be killed 9. His room needs____, so he must have it____. A. painting；painted B. painted；painting C. painting；painting D. painted；painted Kennedy liked ____many questions at the press conference. A. being asked B. asking C. of asking D. ask 11. It goes without ____that Isaac Stern is among the greatest violinists. A. saying B. being said C. to say D. to be said is very busy ____for a journey. A. to prepare B. preparing C. to be preparing D. being prepared 13. He went ____in the river nearby. A. to fish B. fishing C. to fishing D. for fish ’ s work properly may be worse than not doing it at all. A. Not do B. Do C. Not doing D. Doing didn ’ t seem to mind ____TV while she was trying to study. A. their watching B. them to watch C. their watch D. for them to watch 16. The bus was so crowded that he had a hard time____. A. got off B. getting off C. too get off D. get off 17. We had trouble ____the path through the forest. A. to find B. for finding C. finding D. with finding you have any difficulty_____ new mathematics A. to understand B. to be understanding C. and understand D. in understanding 19. His hair badly needs____. A. to cut B. be cut C. being cut D. cutting 11