科技英语竞赛

科技英语竞赛

一、Translation (40分)

1.翻译下列品牌名称

Acer _____________ ASUS ___________

Canon ___________ Casio ___________

Compaq __________ Amazon _________

Accton ___________ Fujitsu __________

Daewoo __________ Epson ___________

Intel _____________ Mitsubishi ________

Samsung _________ Sharp ___________

Hyundai __________ HP _____________

Kodak ___________ Legend __________

Sanyo ___________ Simens __________

2.翻译下列汽车名称

奔驰______________ 凯迪拉克__________

兰博基尼__________ 保时捷____________

法拉利____________ 凌志______________

宾利______________ 美洲虎___________

莲花_____________ 劳斯莱斯__________

林肯_____________ 本田______________

宝马_____________ 雪铁龙____________

蓝鸟_____________ 马自达____________

丰田____________沃尔沃___________

雷克萨斯________科鲁兹___________

二、Multiple choice (20分) （从所给选择中选出合适的词，每空一词）

A. rarely

B. transformation

C. fuel

D. replace

E. led

F. alternative

G. commercial

H. briefly

I. derived

J. various

K. relieving

L. releasing

M. transportation

N. financial

O. described

Growth of trade will depend greatly on availability of energy sources. There may still be a trillion barrels of recoverable oil in the Middle East. But the oil crisis of 1974 has ____1____to renewed interest in coal and to a search for____2____ sources of energy. Solar, geothermal, and nuclear energy will play a large role in the years to come. Solar energy is available in ____3____ forms. Buildings can be heated and cooled by direct use of solar radiation, crops and trees, which

are the most efficient converters of sunlight into energy, can be grown for their energy potential, wastes can be burned as ____4____, sunlight can be converted into DC (direct current) electricity, electric power can be____5____from the sun-warmed surface waters of the ocean, and lastly, solar radiation can be converted into heat that will drive electric power generators. Serious problems still remain as to ____6____and storage of solar energy.Geothermal energy is the energy contained within the earth. Heat is abundantly available deep in the earth's core and is constantly being produced. However, this heat is usually located at too deep a level for

____7____exploitation. In short, very little is known on the use of geothermal energy, and it

has____8____been exploited. Nuclear energy is produced in nuclear power plants. At these plants

atoms of uranium are split, thus ____9____massses of energy. Another source of energy under development is the nuclear fusion of certain atoms of hydrogen. This could eventually ____10____natural gas as a source of energy.

Answers: 1. _________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________

6. _________

7. ________

8. ________

9. ________ 10. ________

三、Reading (20分)

As soon as it was revealed that a reporter for Progressive magazine had discovered how to make a hydrogen bomb, a group of firearm (火器) fans formed the National Hydrogen Bomb Association(全国氢弹协会), and they are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owning one.

“The Constitution,” said the association’s spokesman, “gives everyone the right to own arms. It doesn’t spell out what kind of arms. But since anyone can now make a hydrogen b omb, the public should be able to buy it to protect themselves.”

“Don’t you think it’s dangerous to have one in the house, particularly where there are children around?”“The National Hydrogen Bomb Association hopes to educate people in the safe handling of this type of weapon. We are instructing owners to keep the bomb in a locked cabinet and the fuse (导火索) separately in a drawer.”

“Some people consider the hydrogen bomb a very fatal weapon which could kill somebody.”The spokesman said, “Hydrogen bombs don’t kill people—people kill people. The bomb is for self-protection and it also has a deterrent effect. If somebody knows you have a nuclear weapon in your house, they’re going to think twice about breaking in.”“But those who want to ban the bomb for American citizens claim that if you have one locked in the cabinet, with the fuse in a drawer, you would never be able to assemble it in time to stop an intruder (侵入者).”

“Another argument against allowing people to own a bomb is that at the moment it is very expensive to build one. So what your association is backing is a program which would allow the middle and upper classes to acquire a bomb while poor people will be left defenseless with just handguns.”

1. According to the passage, some people started a national association so as to ________.

A. block any legislation to ban the private possession of the bomb

B. coordinate(协调) the mass production of the destructive weapon

C. instruct people how to keep the bomb safe at home

D. promote the large-scale sale of this newly invented weapon

2. Some people oppose the ownership of H-bombs by individuals on the grounds that ________.

A. the size of the bomb makes it difficult to keep in a drawer

B. most people don’t know how to handle the weapon

C. people’s lives will be threatened by the weapon

D. they may fall into the hands of criminals

3. By saying that the bomb also has a deterrent effect the spokesman means that it ________.

A. will frighten away any possible intruders

B. can show the special status of its owners

C. will threaten the safety of the owners as well

D. can kill those entering others’ houses by force

4. According to the passage, opponents of the private ownership of H-bombs are very much worried that ________.

A. the influence of the association is too powerful for the less privileged to overcome

B. poorly-educated Americans will find it difficult to make use of the weapon

C. the wide use of the weapon will push up living expenses tremendously

D. the cost of the weapon will put citizens on an unequal basis

5. From the tone of the passage we know that the author is ________.

A. doubtful about the necessity of keeping H-bombs at home for safety

B. unhappy with those who vote against the ownership of H-bombs

C. not serious about the private ownership of H-bombs

D. concerned about the spread of nuclear weapons

B

Putting Plants to Work

Using the power of the sun is nothing new. People have had solar-powered calculators and buildings with solar panels for decades. But plants are the real experts: They've been using sunlight as an energy source for billions of years.

Cells in the green leaves of plants work like tiny factories to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches, stored energy that the plants can use. This conversion process is called photosynthesis. Unfortunately, unless you're a plant, it's difficult and expensive to convert sunlight into storable energy. That's why scientists are taking a closer look at exactly how plants do it.

Some scientists are trying to get plants, or biological cells that act like plants, to work as miniature photosynthetic power stations. For example, Maria Ghirardi of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory in Golden, Colo. , is working with green algae. She's trying to trick them into producing hydrogen instead of sugars when they perform photosynthesis. Once the researchers can get the algae working efficiently, the hydrogen that they produce could be used to power fuel cells in cars or to generate electricity.

The algae are grown in narrow-necked glass bottles to produce hydrogen in the lab. During photosynthesis, plants normally make sugars or starches. "But under certain conditions, a lot of algae are able to use the sunlight energy not to store starch, but to make hydrogen." Ghirardi says. For example, algae will produce hydrogen in an airfree environment. It's the oxygen in the air that prevents algae from making hydrogen most of the time.

Working in an airfree environment, however, is difficult. It's not a practical way to produce cheap energy. But Ghirardi and her colleagues have discovered that by removing a chemical called sulfate from the environment that the algae grow in, they will make hydrogen instead of sugars, even when air is present.

Unfortunately, removing the sulfate also makes the algae's cells work very slowly, and not much hydrogen is produced. Still, the researchers see this as a first step in their goal to produce hydrogen efficiently from algae. With more work, they may be able to speed the cells' activity and produce larger quantities of hydrogen.

The researchers hope that algae will one day be an easy-to-use fuel source. The organisms are cheap to get and to feed, Ghirardi says, and they can grow almost anywhere: "You can grow them in a reactor, in a pond. You can grow them in the ocean. There's a lot of flexibility in how you can use these organisms."

6. What does the writer say about plants concerning solar energy?

A. Plants are the real experts in producing solar energy.

B. Plants have been used to produce solar energy.

C. Plants have been using solar energy for billions of years.

D. Plants have been a source of solar energy.

7. Why do some scientists study how plants convert sunlight carbon dioxide, and water into sugars and starches?

A. Because they want algae to produce sugars and starches.

B. Because they want green plants to become a new source of energy.

C. Because they want to turn plant sugars to a new form of energy.

D. Because they want to make photosynthesis more efficient.

8. According to the fifth paragraph, under what conditions are algae able to use solar energy to make hydrogen?

A. When there is a lot of oxygen in the air.

B. When there is no oxygen in the air.

C. When photosynthesis is taking place.

D. When enough starch is stored.

9. Researchers have met with difficulties when trying to make algae produce hydrogen efficiently. Which one of the following is one such difficulty?

A. It is not possible to remove sulfate from the environment.

B. It is not possible to work in an airfree environment to produce hydrogen.

C. It is not easy to make sugars instead of hydrogen.

D. It is too slow for algae to produce hydrogen when the sulfate is removed.

10. What is NOT true of algae?

A. They are easy to grow.

B. They can be a very good fuel source.

C. They are cheap to eat.

D. They can be used in many ways.

四、Happy English （20分）Do you know the wedding anniversary? Have a try.

Wood wedding 木婚（结婚_______ 周年)

Tin wedding 锡婚（结婚_______ 周年)

Crystal wedding 水晶婚（结婚_______ 周年)

china wedding 搪瓷婚（结婚________ 周年）

Silver wedding 银婚（结婚________ 周年）第一大典

Pearl wedding 珍珠婚（结婚________ 周年)

Ruby wedding 红宝石婚（结婚_______ 周年)

Sapphire wedding 蓝宝石婚（结婚________周年)

Golden wedding 金婚（结婚________ 周年）第二大典

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