2020年高三英语第一次模拟考试试题
高三英语第一次模拟考试
第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Do you know the toys below? They were once among the most popular toys.
1960 — Etch A Sketch
French electrician Andre Cassagnes had the idea of a drawing toy with a joy stick, a glass screen, and aluminum (铝) powder. Using that idea, the Ohio Art Co. launched (推出) the Magic Screen in 1960, and you could erase the picture with a shake of your hands. You can still find the toy today.
1964 — SuperBall
What happens when you accidentally create a plastic ball that jumps? The toy company, Wham-O Inc., buys your idea and it ends up selling millions. That’s exactly what happened to Norman Stingley, a chemical engineer who came upon SuperBall. At one time, Wham-O had to produce over 170,000 balls a day to keep up with the demand. Unbelievably, the National Football Game named the Super Bowl game (a well-known American football game) after this jumping ball. 1964 — G.I. Joe
In 1964, Hasbro toy company created G.I. Joe, a line of action figures designed to represent the 4 branches of the US Armed Forces —Action Soldier (Army), Action Sailor (Navy), Action Pilot (Air Force), and the Action Marine (Marine Corps). G.I. Joe was imagined as an excellent military unit devoted to defending citizens’ freedom against the evil persons. It has attracted the imagination of boys around the world.
1965 — Operation
An unsteady hand is your downfall (败落的原因) in the game of Operation, which was invented by John Spinello, a student at the University of Illinois. Later, Spinello sold his right to the toy to a well-known toy designer Marvin Glass for a sum of $500. Operation is currently made by Hasbro, with estimated sales of $40 million.
1. Which toy has a relationship with the sports event?
A.Etch A Sketch.
B. SuperBall.
C. G.I. Joe.
D. Operation.
2.Who probably are most interested in G.I. Joe?
A.Those fond of arts.
B.Those fond of construction.
C.Those fond of brave soldiers.
D.Those fond of kind doctors.
3.If you want to play with Operation successfully, you should __________.
A.keep your hand stable
B.have better teamwork
C.get Norman Stingley’s guidance
D.have a joy stick and a glass screen
B
Attention managers: the next time you need to inspire your team creatively, be more attentive to
your employees’ feelings when you deliver negative feedback (反绩).
Kim，who worked as a software engineer for Samsung after graduation from college, is familiar with having his creative work picked apart. “I personally hate hearing negative feedback as most people do and I wondered if it really improved my performance, particularly when it came to completing creative tasks.” In two studies, Kim found that negative feedback can help or prevent creativity. What is most important is where the criticism (批评) comes from.
When creative professionals or participants received criticism from a boss or a peer, they tended to be less creative in their later work. Interestingly, if a person received negative feedback from an employee of lower rank, they became more creative.
It makes sense that employees might feel threatened by criticism from their managers. Supervisors (监督员；管理者）have a lot of power in deciding promotions or pay raises. So negative feedback from a boss mi运it cause career (职业) anxiety. It also stands to reason that feedback from a co-worker might also be received as threatening. We often compete with our peers for the same promotions and chances.
What Kim found most surprising was how criticism proved to improve supervisors through lessons learned from negative feedback that came from their followers (employees that they manage).
“But we tend to believe we shouldn’t criticize the boss，”says Kim. “In reality，most supervisors don’t detest negative feedback since they want to learn from it. Another reason is that they are in a natural power position and can deal with the discomfort of negative feedback better.”As for giving suggestions to employees，bosses should point out a follower’s poor performance or weak points in time. But they should keep their feedback specific to tasks. Explain how the point they’re discussing relates to only their task behavior, not to aspects of the person. Meanwhile, feedback receivers need to worry less when it comes to receiving criticism.
4.What’s the motivation behind Kim’s study?
A.To work on his essays for graduation.
B.To have a better knowledge of criticism.
C.To call for understanding between workers.
D.To encourage a culture of criticism in the workplace.
5.What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4?
A.What typical power supervisors possess.
B.What feedback can cause career anxieties.
C.How workers can have a good impression on bosses.
D.Why certain criticism harms a person’s performance.
6.What amazed Kim mostly in the study?
A.Some people enjoy negative feedback.
B.Employees are brave to criticize the boss.
C Followers’ criticism may benefit managers.
D.Many bosses sometimes struggle in their work.
7.What does the underlined word “detest” in Paragraph 6 most probably mean?
A.Hate.
B. Understand.
C. Discuss.
D. Provide.
C
Recently according to a new research，humans have had a link to starches (含淀粉的食物) for up to 120,000 years —that’s more than 100,000 years longer than we’ve been able to plant them in
the soil during the time of the Ice Age’s drawing to an end. The research is part of an ongoing study into the history of Middle Stone Age communities.
An international team of scientists identified evidence of prehistoric starch consumption in the Klasies River Cave, in present-day South Africa. Analyzing small, ashy, undisturbed hearths (壁炉）inside the cave, the re-searchers found “pieces of burned starches”ranging from around 120,000 to 65,000 years old. It made them the oldest known examples of starches eaten by humans.
The findings do not come as a complete surprise —but rather as welcome confirmation of older theories that lacked the related evidence. The lead author Cynthia Larbey said that there had previously only been genetic (基因的) biological evidence to suggest that humans had been eating starch for this long. This new evidence, however, takes us directly to the dinner table, and supports the previous assumption that humans，digestion genes gradually evolved in order to fit into an increased digestion of starch.
Co-author Sarah Wurz said, “The starch remains show that these early humans living in the Klasies River Cave could battle against their tough environment and find suitable foods and perhaps medicines. And as much as we all still desire the tubers (块茎），these cave communities were grilling starches such as potatoes on their foot-long hearths. They knew how to balance their diets as well as they could, with fats from local fish and other animals.”
As early as the 1990s, some researchers started to study the hearths in the Klasies River Cave. Scientist Hilary Deacon first suggested that these hearths contained burned plants. At the time, the proper methods of examining the remains were not yet available. We now know human beings have always been searching for their desired things.
8.When did humans begin to farm starches?
A.After the Ice Age.
B.After the Middle Stone Age.
C.About 20,000 years ago.
D.About 100,000 years ago.
9.According to the scientists, remains in the Klasies River Cave show that
A.South Africa once had rich soil to grow crops
B.hearths were widespread in early human history
C.early humans possibly drove away animals by fire
D.settlers there might have used fire to cook starches
10.What was the previous assumption of starches?
A.Starch diet promoted food culture.
B.Starch diet shaped humans’ evolution.
C.Starches had a variety of functions.
D.Starches offered humans rich nutrition.
11.What can we learn about the early humans described by Sarah Wurz?
A. They were smart and tough.
B.They preferred plants to meat.
C.They were generally very healthy.
D.They got along with each other.
D
Everyone knows that to help lessen the ongoing climate crisis, we need to plant new trees. A paper recently published in Science predicts that our Earth could support an additional 9,000,000 sq km
of forest, potentially hosting 500 billion trees that are able to absorb more than 200 billion tonnes of C〇2. It would be a serious help.
The Earth’s land is 149,000,000 sq km. According to our study, when we take out glaciers (冰川）and deserts, we are left with 104,000,000 sq km. When we further take out cities, freshwater, forests, etc., we finally get 51,000,000 sq km of arable (适于耕种的）land badly needed to feed 7.5 billion human beings.
Very few people are aware of the great complexity of the whole system. “Widespread use at the scale of millions of square kilometers globally of tree-planting and bioenergy crops (用于制造生物能源的农作物）planting,” reads an IPCC report, u could have potentially bad consequences for food security and land degradation (退化).” In other words, more widespread monoculture (单一栽培) and more bioenergy crops could degrade soil.
Bioenergy now has a 50 per cent share of the world’s renewable energy consumption, according to expert Fatih Birol’s words:“as much as wind, solar and all others combined”. It’s good news，but not entirely. One reason is that rising ocean levels and deserts spreading are taking away more arable land. So we arrive at a tough choice. Should we use our spare soil for agriculture, reforestation or bioenergy?
Firstly, when planning to use lots of spare land to grow trees, we should notice that last year, 36,000 sq km of forest was cut down. So wouldn’t it be better to start by stopping cutting down forests altogether? Besides, animal farming takes up 77 per cent of the world’s arable land and provides us with 18 per cent of the calories. Shouldn’t we globally cut back on meat consumption? Lastly, modem bioenergy, which is made from non-food-crops, is already available. Shouldn’t we avoid first-generation biofuels，which are obtained from food crops?
12.What does the Science paper predict?
A.People will be more active in planting trees.
B.The climate change will lessen in the future.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/db3620096.html,rge quantities of trees can help handle C02.
D.Trees will play a much bigger role in our daily life.
13.What are the figures in Paragraph 2 mainly intended to show?
A.Humans face a freshwater crisis.
B.The Earths land has various functions.
C.Forests take up a small part of the Earth’s land.
D.The arable land is hard to feed the world’s population.
14.What can be inferred from the IPCC report?
A.Planting trees benefits bioenergy crops.
B.More land can be used for growing bioenergy crops.
C.The condition of plenty of land has been improved.
https://www.wendangku.net/doc/db3620096.html,rge scale of tree-planting may be a double-edged sword.
15.What’s the last paragraph mainly about?
A.How to properly use our spare soil.
B.How to produce more trees and biofuels.
C.Why to protect our environment.
D.What to know about our role in nature.
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Social psychology's roots were laid in the late 1800s of Europe. Social psychology became a distinct discipline in the 1920s.16 He was called the “father” of the discipline.
17 Social psychology studies people’s attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors. It also examines interpersonal interaction, analyzing the way in which someone interacts with other people. It also examines cultural influences like advertisements, books, films, television, and radio.
Social psychologists like to use empirical (以实验为依据的）methods to conduct studies in their fields. These methods often involve experiments which can bring up complex ethical (伦理的) problems. One of the most infamous social psychology experiments was the Stanford Prison Experiment. 18 To avoid a repeat of such questionable experiments, social psychologists rely on the efforts of ethics committees to ensure that their work is ethically allowable.
The study of social psychology is significant. It can explain how groups make decisions, which social conditions can lead to improper behavior, etc. And social psychologists are constantly learning more about the science behind human interactions. 19
If you want to learn more about this field of psychology, you may be able to take an introductory course at a local college in your area. 20 Once you start studying the discipline, try to be devoted to it!·
A.Or you may give lectures on this field.
B.Social psychology deals with a wide range of areas.
C.It was shut down at last because it got out of control.
D.One of the major influences in the field was Kurt Lewin.
E.So social psychology is a discipline that’s beneficial to humans.
F.Zimbardo is also a very famous social psychologist in the world.
G.You can also consult your library for some published texts on the subject.
第二部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Brandon Steiner created the bagel (百吉饼) business at the age of 12. 21, the business wasn’t great. Meanwhile, he delivered papers every morning.
What his mother said gave Steiner great 22. When delivering papers then, he started 23 each customer a bagel. Within a month he was making his deliveries in a small shopping cart 24 250 papers each day were too much for his bike. Later, the improvement of his business 25 his replacing the small cart with a large one. Steiner made $5.50 an hour by starting 26 at 4:30 am and it was a pretty high income for a kid in the 1970s. This experience is one of his invaluable life 27, which shows his remarkable business 28.
He 29 as an incredibly successful entrepreneur who revolutionized the sports memorabilia (纪念品）30 , turning a small firm with “$4,000, a computer and a worker” into Steiner Sports, helping other small related companies to 31 their business. Steiner Sports has spent 25 years building a 32 with more than 2,000 athletes. Steiner Sports is also the 33 producer of collectibles (收藏品)from athletic stars like Derek Jeter and Peyton Manning. Steiner has 34 countless baseballs and football helmets, and signed sports shirts.
As one might guess, there are a lot of stories 35 to Steiner. He sold his Steiner Sports to Omnicom Group for a reported $25 million. 36 selling it, Steiner still offers advice to help run the company that was 37 by himself. He has also written some books on his 38. The kid from Brooklyn, who
now lives in Scarsdale, NY, 39 so much when growing from a newspaper delivery boy to a (n) 40 entrepreneur and writer.
21. A. Moreover B. However C. Therefore D. Anyway
22. A. ambition B. adaptation C.conclusion D. inspiration
23. A. bringing B. finding C.buying D. passing
24. A. though B. if C.since D. but
25. A. contributed to B. relied on C. figured out D. wrestled with
26. A. studying B. cooking C.exercising D. working
27. A. goals B.lessons C. dreams D. activities
28. A. interest B. determination C.talent D. qualification
29. A. ended up B. resulted in C. broke out D. took on
30. A. cultureB. competition C. education D. industry
31. A. mind B. practise C. expand D. manage
32. A. scholarship B. ownership C. membership D. relationship
33. A. leading B. private C.efficient D. foreign
34. A. received B. exported C. marketed D.purchased
35. A. equal B. relative C. true D. similar
36. A. On behalf of B. In consequence of C. On account of D. In spite of
37. A. motivated B. deserved C. established D. remembered
38. A. importance B. experiences C. perfection D. differences
39. A. struggled B. required C. donated D.shared
40. A. well-knownB. easy-going C. broad-minded D. kind-hearted
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Haven’t you always wondered why the beginning and the end of the present school year don’t line up with the calendar year? Well, (41) __________ answer might surprise you: the school year actually (42) __________ (date) back to the time when the farming schedule took precedence over (优先于，比……重要）everything else —even schooling.
Farming can only be done in spring, summer, and fall. Families needed kids5 help, so their schooling took place in the colder months (43) __________ nothing could be planted or harvested. Thus kids could help with farm duties during busy seasons.
Large (44) ________ (city) operated differently. Because people there didn’t rely on fanning (45) __________ (earn) a living, kids could go to school all year round and take a few short vacations throughout.
When education started to become more valuable in society, much (46) __________ (strict) rules had to be made so that there would be more uniformity (一致，统一）in the school system. In 1852, Massachusetts became the first state to enact a compulsory public law, making it compulsory (47)__________ both rural areas and urban areas to offer schooling. Parents (48)__________ (fine) if they didn’t send children to schools.
(49)__________ (short) after Massachusetts enacted the law, a compromise (50)__________ (make) between urban and rural school systems let the school year start in the fall so kids could help with fanning during the summer.
第三部分写作（共两节，f满分35 +)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分）
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多佘的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Barbara is one of my favorite Walmart employee. Take one glance, and you’ll find she has joy burying deep in her soul. I got to know Barbara the couple of weeks ago. She was my cashier. And I couldn’t help but to admire her fancy, fall-themed headband, that she made using autumn leaves and flowers. As people joyfully commented her headband, she smiled. Thanksgiving was one of the busy times of the year, especially for checkout workers in the supermarket. Barbara could have chose to just put her head down and scan groceries. However, she didn’t. She chose to greet each customer warm. She not only entertained her but also other people.
第二节书面表达(满分25分）
假如你是李华，你想邀请你的好友Chris参加你堂哥的婚礼，让她体验中国的婚礼文化。请给Chris写封信，内容包括：
1.发出邀请；
2.简介婚礼(如时间、地点、流程）；
3. 婚礼礼仪(如服饰和用餐礼仪）。
注意：
1.词数：100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________
1-5 BCABD6-10 CACDB
11-15 ACDDA16-20 DBCEG
21-25 BDACA26-30 DBCAD
31-35 CDACB36-40 DCBAA
41-50 (One possible version)
41. the 42. dates
43. when 44. cities
45. to earn 46. stricter
47. for 48. would be fined
49. Shortly 50. made
短文改错(One possible version)
Barbara is one of my favorite Walmart employee. Take one glance, and you’ll find she has
employees
joy burying deep in her soul. I got to know Barbara the couple of weeks ago. She was my cashier.
buried a
And I couldn’t help but to admire her fancy, fall-themed headband, that she made using autumn
删除which
leaves and flowers. As people joyfully commented ∧her headband, she smiled. Thanksgiving
on
was one of the busy times of the year, especially for checkout workers in the supermarket. Barbara
busiest
could have chose to just put her head down and scan groceries. However, she didn’t. She chose to
chosen
greet each customer warm. She not only entertained her but also other people.
warmly herself
书面表达(One possible version)
Dear Chris,
I’d like you to attend my cousin’s wedding, where you can have a good experience of Chinese wedding culture. The wedding is to be held in Yingchun Hotel on May 5. In the morning, we’ll first go to pick up the bride at her home. At about twelve o’clock, the traditional wedding ceremony will be held in the groom’s home. After the ceremony, it will be the wedding feast, during which we should avoid breaking any bowl or plate since the broken bowl or plate is considered to likely predict an unhappy marriage. As for the clothes, we’d better not wear black ones. If you want to learn more about the wedding, please contact me.
Yours,
Li Hua 阅读理解
第一节
A
导语：文章是一篇应用文。介绍了曾经很流行的几款玩具。
1. B。细节理解题。根据1964 —SuperBall部分中的the NFL named the Super Bowl game (a ... game) after this jumping ball.可知，（美国）超级碗橄榄球赛以这个弹跳球来命名比赛。
2. C。推理判断题。根据1964 —G.I. Joe部分中的In 1964, Hasbro toy company created GI Joe, ... and the Action Marine (Marine Corps).可知，喜爱勇敢的战士的人，可能对GI Joe最感兴趣。
3. A。细节理解题。根据1965 —Operation部分中的An unsteady hand is your downfall in the game of Operation可知，要确保手保持稳定，才能成功地完成Operation这款游戏。
B
导语：本文是一篇议论文。作者以Kim有关批评与创造力的研究为论据，论述了我们应该怎样看待批评与创造力之间的关系，以及怎样反馈和接受批评。
4. B。细节理解题。根据第二段的Kim, who worked as a software engineer ... “I personally hate ... creative tasks.”可知，Kim开展研究是想更好地了解批评。
5. D。主旨大意题。结合第三段的内容并通读第四段并可知，第四段的主旨是：为什么来自上级或同事的批评会抑制一个人的创造力。
6. C。细节理解题。根据第五段的What Kim found most surprising ... (employees that they manage).可知，令人惊讶的发现是：下级的批评对管理者有利。
7. A。词义猜测题。根据第六段的In reality, most supervisors ... feedback better.可知，管理者实际上并没有那么讨厌下属的消极反馈。
C
导语：本文是一篇说明文。研究者在南非的一个洞穴里有关古人食用淀粉类植物的研究发现。
8. C。数字计算题。根据第一段的... for up to 120,000 years —that’s more than 100,000 years ... in the soil可知，人类是在20,000年以前开始种植含淀粉类植物。
9. D。细节理解题。根据第二段的... the researchers found “pieces of burned starches”... starches eaten by humans.并结合全文内容可知，Klasies River Cave的遗迹显示：居住在此洞穴的人可能使用火来烹饪含淀粉类植物。
10. B。细节理解题。根据第三段的the previous assumption that humans’digestion genes ... digestion of starch可知之前提出的假设是：食用淀粉的饮食方式影响了人类身体方面的进化。
11. A。推理判断题。根据第四段内容Co-author Sarah Wurz said, “The starch remains show that these early humans ... other animals.”可推知，Sarah Wurz认为这些早期人类聪慧而又坚韧不拔。
D
导语：本文是一篇议论文。话题是如何使用地球上的土地。作者认为不能一味地把大片的可利用的土地用来植树造林和种植（用来制造生物能源的）作物。
12. C。细节理解题。根据第一段的A paper recently published ... absorb more than 200 billion tonnes of CO2.可知，杂志上的报告预测：大量的树木可以帮助来解决二氧化碳的问题。13. D。写作意图题。根据第二段的Take out cities (1.5 million) ... badly needed to feed 7.5 billion human beings.可知，这些数字是用来说明适于耕作的土地面积有限，很难养活现在世界上所有的人口。
14. D。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Widespread use ... of tree-planting ... land degradation,”reads an IPCC report.可知，用大面积的土地来植树造林，一方面可能影响耕地面积，从而影响粮食安全，另一方面可能会引起土壤退化，故大规模的植树造林一方面有利于二氧化碳的减少，但也有缺点。
15. A。主旨大意题。通读最后一段可知，本段的主旨是：作者给出的如何合理使用适于耕种土地的建议。
第二节
导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了社会心理学这门课程。
16. D。此空设于段中，与下文存在指代关系。下文中的He指代正确选项中的Kurt Lewin。
17. B。此空设于段首，是本段主题句。下文主要介绍的是心理学研究的范围广，故选该项。
18. C。此空设于段中，与上文存在指代关系。正确选项中的It指代上文中的the Stanford Prison Experiment。
19. E。此空设于段尾，对本段内容作出总结：心理学是一门很有益于人类的学科。
20. G。此空设于段中，与上文存在并列关系，给读者介绍了了解心理学的另一种途径。
完形填空
导语：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要介绍了Brandon Steiner从一名报童成长为一名企业家的故事。
21. B。前后句子之间是转折关系，故用however（然而）。
22. D。根据下文可知，此处表示妈妈的话给了他很大灵感（inspiration）。
23. A。根据上文Brandon Steiner created the bagel (百吉饼) business可知，此处表示他在送报的时候给每一位顾客带一个百吉饼。
24. C。前后句子之间是因果关系，故用since引导原因状语从句。
25. A。事业的进步，促使他把小车换成了大车，contributed to表示“促成，导致”。
26. D。根据上文Steiner made $5.50 an hour可知，此处表示他在早上4:30就开始工作。
27. B。这个经历是他非常宝贵的人生经验（lessons）之一，也显示了他卓越的商业天赋（talent）。
28. C。这个经历是他非常宝贵的人生经验（lessons）之一，也显示了他卓越的商业天赋（talent）。
29. A。文章主要介绍了Brandon Steiner的成长历程，故此处表示他最终成为了（ended up as）一位很成功的企业家。
30. D。他改革了体育纪念品产业（industry），并且帮助其他相关的小公司拓展（expand）业务。
31. C。他改革了体育纪念品产业（industry），并且帮助其他相关的小公司拓展（expand）业务。
32. D。根据下文athletic stars like Derek Jeter and Peyton Manning可知，此处表示Steiner Sports 和两千多名运动员建立了关系（relationship）。
33. A。此处进一步说明Steiner Sports是体育明星纪念品重要的（leading）生产企业。
34. C。Steiner Sports已经出售了（marketed）无数棒球和橄榄球头盔以及球衣。
35. B。毋庸置疑，关于（relative）他的成功，有很多故事。
36. D。前后分句之间是转折关系，故用In spite of（虽然）。
37. C。虽然把它出售了，但是他仍然作为顾问帮助管理他所创建（established）的公司。
38. B。根据上文there are a lot of stories relative to Steiner可知，此处表示他写了一些关于他的经历（experiences）的书。
39. A。Brandon Steiner从孩提时代开始，努力奋斗（struggled）之后，从卖报纸成长为一名著名的（well-known）企业家兼作家。
40. A。Brandon Steiner从孩提时代开始，努力奋斗（struggled）之后，从卖报纸成长为一名著名的（well-known）企业家兼作家。
语法填空
导语：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了入学时间的演变。
41. the。考查冠词。此处的answer特指the school year actually...even school。故此处特指名词answer，需用定冠词。
42. dates。考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知，此处语境是：现在的学年实际上可追溯到…，故需用一般现在时。
43. when。考查连词。所填词引导限制性定语从句，先行词是months，且引导词在从句中作时间状语，故填when。
44. cities。考查名词。city是可数名词，且此处指的是众多城市，故填city的复数形式。
45. to earn。考查非谓语动词。rely on sb/sth to do是固定短语，意为“依靠……做某事”。
46. stricter。考查形容词。much修饰形容词的比较级。
47. for。考查介词。make it compulsory for sb to do sth，意为“强制某人做某事”。
48. would be fined。考查时态语态。根据if they didn’t send their children可知，主句应该用过去将来时，且句子主语parents和动词fine是被动关系，故填would be fined。
49. Shortly。考查副词。修饰后面整个句子，故填short的副词形式Shortly。
50. made。考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作定语，compromise与make之间是被动关系，故填过去分词。