大学英语四级考试复杂长难句分析(二)

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌

第一章并列平行结构(二)

英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的.

1. More than three million people live in inner London,and nearly five million people live in the surrounding suburban area,which is made up of formerly separate villages that have merged to form what is now called outer London.

要点:全句为并列复合句。“and”连接并列句。第二个句子是主从复合句。“which”引出非限制性定语从句，修饰“area”。“that”引出限制性定语从句，修饰“villages”。“what”引出名词从句，作“from”的宾语。

参考译文：三百多万人口居住在伦敦市区，将近五百多万人口居住在周围的郊区——该地区由原来分散的村庄构成，逐步形成如今被称为的外伦敦。

2. Then I remembered how often I,too,had been indifferent to the grander of each day,too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all.

要点：此句存在着一个“too…to…”结构，即“too preoccupied with petty and sometimes even mean concerns to respond to the splendor of it all”。注意：“I,too,had been indifferent to the grander of each day”中“too”的含义为“也”，请不要混淆。

参考译文：然后我回想起自己过去也经常对每天的壮观景象不感兴趣，也经常一头埋在细小的、有时甚至是卑鄙自私的事物中而对这整个奇观麻木不仁。

Exercise :

1. One can only guess that if he heard many of them he was only strengthened in his resolve not to allow himself or his bride to be made a spectacle---not their live selves or their bodies.

要点分析和参考译文:

要点：破折号后面not…or…结构相当于neither…nor…结构。

参考要点：人们只能猜测，如果他确实听到了不少有关情况的话，这只能坚定他的决心：不能让自己和新娘成为展览品而丢人现眼——活着的时候不能这样，死了也不行。

第一章并列平行结构(一)

英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的.

Classroom ：

1.I wanted her to know that my heart was with her,and that I thought England owed her a great debt and was going to miss her.

要点:that my heart……and that I thought为两个并列宾语从句;owed her ……and was going……为两个并列的谓语结构。

参考译文：我想让她知道我的心和她在一起，而且我认为英国欠了她一大笔债，很快就会怀念她。

2.And neither friends nor family can convince phobic people that most animals are harmless,that thousands of travelers fly safely every day,and millions of people ride safely in elevators several times each day.

要点:neither……nor连接并列主语。”convince”后接”people”作宾语，另外三个”that……”从句并列作”convince”的宾语，其中最后一个”that……”从句前省略了”that”，若补齐即为”(that)millions of people……each day”。

参考译文：朋友们及家庭成员都无法说服恐惧症患者，使他们相信多数动物对人无害，数以千计的旅行者每日都安全飞行，数百万的人每天都安全地乘好几次电梯。

3.Review important points mentioned in class as well as points you remain confused about.

要点：as well as为连接词组，意为“不但……而且……;既……又……”，在句中连接并列成分。还要注意as well as的用法与not only…but also…相同，但重点通常在as well as前面的部分。

参考译文：不仅要复习你仍然混淆不清的地方，而且要重温课堂上提到的要点。

Exercise :

1. We need to be taught the duty of planting trees as well as of cutting them.

2. We know that this is so,but all too often we recogenize this truth only in our backward glance when we remember what it was and then suddenly realize that it is no more.

3. This is not an easy lesson to learn,especially when we are young and think that the world is ours to command,that whatever we desire with the full force of our passionate being can,nay,will,be ours.

我需要被告之种植和砍树的责任

虽然我们知道这,但是我们认识到这事实仅仅在当我们记起这和忽然意识到这不在是,我们往后的一眼

这不是容易学习的课程,尤其当我们年轻和思考着世界是由我们控制的

第一章并列平行结构(三)

英语句子最常用的方法是通过使用一些关联词，如and、or等，或标点符号如：分号，逗号，破折号等，若干个在语义上有联系或相互照应的单词、词组或子句连在一起组成一种并列或平行结构的长句，以表达一个复杂得多层次含义。这种句式虽然难度不一定很高，但在复杂长句中还是占了相当大的比例的.

Classroom ：

1. Now,Shaw is exaggerating,but there is something in what he says,and the question is worth following up,for the sake of the light it throws on modern knowledge。

要点：本句是由并列连词but，and引导的并列复合句。在第三个分句中it throws on modern knowledge是定语从句，修饰名词light，定语从句的引导

词that被省略。“throw light on sth.”的意思是“make sth. clear”。

参考译文：当然萧伯纳是言过其实了，但他所说的也确实有些道理，这一问题值得进一步探讨，因为它会帮助人们看清现代知识的真实情况。

2.It was mostly he who talked and he seemed afraid to stop for fear she’d ask him to leave her by herself.

要点：这是一个由and连接的并列复合句。And前面的句子是强调句，强调的成分是he。for fear(that)=in order that…should not happen意为“生怕，以免”，to leave her by herself=to leave her alone。

参考译文：大部分时间都是他在讲话。他似乎害怕停下来，生怕话一停，她就会请他离开。

Exercise :

1.If you are a man,you can point out that most poets and men of science are male;if you are a woman,you can retort that so are most criminals.

1.要点：这是一个句型结构十分对称的并列复合句。“so are most criminals”是倒装结构，most criminals是主语，so是表语，代替male以避免重复。

参考译文：如果你是男人，你会指出，大多数诗人和科学家都是男性的;如果你是妇女，你会反驳说，大多数罪犯也都是男性的。

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