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英语语音的几个基本概念

$1.1 英语语音的几个基本概念

1．英语字母共有26个, 分为元音字母和辅音字母。其中a, e, i, o, u为元音。y 有时作为元音，有时作为辅音，为半元音字母。其他为辅音字母。

2．字母：语音的书写形式。

3．音标：词的语音形式。记录音素的符号。

4．音素：音的最小单位。如[k] [ei] 等。英语共48个音素。其中元音20个，辅音28个。

5．开音节：以发音的元音字母结尾的音节（绝对开音节），以不发音的元音字母e 结尾的音节（相对开音节），（……+辅音+元音〈或者不发音的e〉。如：do she lake fame 闭音节：以辅音字母结尾的音节，（……+元音+辅音〈或者数个辅音〉）。如：myth hot 6. 重读音节：单词中发音响亮的音节。如a’head ‘heavy

$1.2英语音素

一、元音：发音时声带振动而气流在通路上不受阻碍的音。

二、辅音：发音时声带振动与否，凡是气流在通路上受到阻碍的都是辅音。

辅音分类

6. 元音字母u或者u+其他字母

四、拼读规则：

1．r音节：元音字母+r的音节。在重读r音节中，元音字母发长音，在非重读r音节中，元音字母发[ ? ]。

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