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2017考研初试语言类考试科目全面分析对比——201英语和203日语

2017考研初试语言类考试科目全面分析对比——201英语和203日语
2017考研初试语言类考试科目全面分析对比——201英语和203日语

2017考研初试语言类考试科目全面分析对比——201英语和203日语

首先对比一下两份试卷的题型和结构:

201英语

完型填空Section I Use of English (10 points) 阅读理解Section ⅡPart A (40 points) 新题型(完型填句/填段、排序三种题型任选其一)

Section ⅡPart B (10 points)

翻译Section ⅡPart C (10 points) 小作文Section III Part A (10 points) 大作文Section III Part B (20 points)

203日语

I 基础知识(20 点) Ⅱ読解A (40 点) Ⅱ読解B (15 点) III 作文(25 点)

一完型填空

英语和日语的完型填空都是20个题目,英语0.5分一题,日语1分一题。其实日语的这一部分真正的完型填空只有10个题目,另外10个题目是考察语法、词汇、短语的选择题,虽然也紧扣文章,但不是完整意义上的完型填空。感觉日语的完型比较重基础,而英语的比较重深度。总体而言,这一部分感觉日语要比英语简单。

二阅读理解

英语的阅读理解和日语的阅读理解在题量、分值上都是一模一样的,四篇文章,每篇5个选择题,共40分。日语一般都出一些科学实验、社会现象、语言学、哲学之类的文章,感觉科学实验的文章拿满分基本是没有问题的。而英语似乎比较喜欢考经济方面的文章。这一部分感觉英语和日语难度持平。

三短文排序

这个题型只有英语有,难度也不小。因为这一个题型的存在,无形中比日语增加了阅读量。考日语就不用

担心这个题型了。

四翻译

翻译在英语和日语里都是翻译五句话,但英语总分是10分,每个2分;而日语总分是15分,每个3分。这个英语和日语都很难。英语的话主要是各种疑难长句难度较大,各种语法的复合形成的句子语法综合性高,考察的词语意思也是词汇的生僻释义。日语的也是一样,各种语法都复合在同一个句子里。有的同学说日语貌似要比英语简单,因为日语里有很多汉字。而这个特点恰恰是日语最难的地方。因为日语的汉字和汉语的汉字有很多都是同形不同意的,作为对汉语很熟悉的中国人来说,把汉语中的意思套到日语里恰恰是最容易犯的错误。而考研,最喜欢考你这一点。

比如日语的“工作”特指手工、机械、土木方面的活儿,而汉语的"工作"则是泛指各个行业的活儿。如果基础不扎实或考试时一个不小心,最熟悉的汉语往往成为你的绊脚石。

不过翻译完一句话,日语有最大为3分的得分机会,英语只有2分,从得分上来看日语占了优势。

五小作文

小作文只有英语有,不过小作文一般都是书信、通知之类的,找个套用的模版准备准备,应该不难应付。

六大作文

英语的大作文近年来都是看图作文,感觉正确理解图要表达的意思很重要,理解出现偏差就有可能偏题,这一点英语要颇费周折。而日语是直接的命题作文,让你对某一社会问题发表自己的看法。2008年考的是“打工和学习的平衡关系”,2009年考的是“妇女在社会中的作用和地位”,2010年考的是“垃圾分类的实施与政策”。我觉得直接的命题作文要比英语的看图作文思路来得快一些,在这一点上日语有优势。但是日语的作文是要求用[だ、である]体来书写的,由于平时用[です、ます]体用惯了,一不小心就会用错文体。另外,日语作文如果有出现汉字的词要写汉字(这是题目的要求),这一点也是一个难点。就是说日语你不但要记住单词,还要记住汉字的写法。千万不要以为中国人写汉字很容易,日语的汉字大部分都是繁体,诸如「一生悬命」「麓」「职场」「消灭」「议论」「藁」「疗养」这些大纲要求的词汇,有谁能保证自己能够准确无误地写出繁体字来呢?

综上所述,再结合实际情况,英语和日语的考研对比可以得出以下结论:一同样的考试时间,日语题量、题型相对比英语少,这一点上日语占优势; 二从大纲要求来看,英语大纲要求5500个词汇,日语大纲要求7000个词汇; 三从参考资料来看,市场上有大量的考研英语资料和辅导班,而日语比较少; 四从试卷整体难度来看,日语要比英语稍容易,这一点日语占优势;

总之,英语和日语没有绝对的好与不好,只有是否适合于某一个具体的人。我感觉在学习日语的过程中,日语有很多东西都和古汉语有相似之处,如果你是一个英文不好而古汉语学得还不错的人,那么也许日语是你更好的选择。

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