Compound Dictation
1.
Australia is the country most workers and 1) _____ around the world would like to live in 20 years? time, an international survey found. However, most Australians are 2) ____ of how they will fund their retirement, the poll 3) _____. The Retirement Scope survey conducted by French insurance giant AXA questioned workers from 4) ______ countries, with two-thirds of Australian 5) _____ unaware of the source of their retirement income or how much they would need. Australians 6) ____ as more aware than people from France, Spain or 7) ____, but behind those in Malaysia where more than half of workers can “put their finger on their retirement income”, Fairfax newspapers report. On the other hand, Australia?s 8) _____ lifestyle and climate were its biggest attractions for retirees around the world, who voted it the most desirable place to retire to.
9) __________________________________, Australia came out above the United States and Switzerland. The survey of 15,000 people found the average income of Australian retirees was $1917 a mon th, 10)________________________________________ . “The survey found that the average retirement age among Australians is 57 year of age, and that …old? is at 80 years, giving Australians 23 …bonus years? in which 11)___________________________________________ ,” AXA general manger of sales and marketing Adrian Emery told Fairfax.
Answers:
1) retirees 2) unaware 3) concluded 4) 26 5) respondents 6) ranked 7) Indonesia 8) relaxed
9) Although Australian respondents preferred New Zealand
10) while the cost of average household expenses is $1,437 a month
11) to enjoy a healthy and active retirement
2.
Known at an early age by his father that his son was a piano genius, Ludwig van Beethoven would play the piano, and create music both day and night. Finally able to escape the clutches of his 1)_______ father, Beethoven moved to Austria where his art was not only appreciated, but also 2) _____ .
In his early 20s, Beethoven left his two younger brothers and headed off to Vienna, where he worked as a 3)____ musician and composer, playing at will and finding 40_____ from various contributers, aristocrats and patrons alike. He didn?t want to be 5)____ by only one noble family or a church, which wsa a common practice during his time, so he decided that he would use his 6)_____ as he chose. He would then not feel “owned” or “indebted” to anyone.
He had been educated at an early age by his father, who was also a musician in Bonn. 7)______ moving to Vienna for the first time, it was said that he 8)______ for Mozart at the age of 15. at 16, he had to return home because his mother was dying of tuberculosis. It would be in between five and ten years before he would return to Vienna, which he had always kept in the back of his mind in Germany, to continue studying and playing under Joseph Haydn. Even with such great composers and music teachers, 9)_______________________________________________ .
By the age of 27, Beethoven began to go deaf. Within a few years, he would not be able to hear at all. 10)_________________________________________________ . So, he continued composing
and writing music, often publishing and selling the rights to his work for profit.
In his later years, he composed his only opera and went on to write quarters, including his Ninth Symphony. 11)_________________________________________________ suffering from ill-health for nearly twenty years, from what most recently has been believed to be led poisoning, Beethoven lives on as the most recognized composer and piano genius the world has ever produced.
Answers:
1) alcoholic 2) adored 3) freelance 4) support 5) funded 6) gifts 7) Upon 8) performed
9) Beethoven surpassed their palying level, creating music mixing the Romantic and Classical styles of the day
10) This almost led him to suicide, but he found that he could still “hear” the music inside hissss head
11) Although his personal life was troubled and he never married, he became the worl?s most renowned composer
3.
Summer in Edinhurgh, Scotland capital city, is the time for festivals. Between the end of July and the beginnnnning of Septamber there are several different festivals which take place there.
The 1)_____ Edinburgh International Festival started in 1947, and 2)_____ visitors a rich program of classical music, theatre, 3)______ and dance. The same year that the official festival began, a handful of theatrical companies gatecrashed the festival and organized their own event, which grew into what is now called the Fringe Festival.
The term “fringe” means something on the 4)______ of the main event, but over the years, the Edinhurgh Fringe Festival has become the largest of all the festivals, and indeed the largest 5)_____ festival in the world!
The Fringe features performers and acts which are less traditional and more 6)______ than those in the International Festival, and 7)_____ a lot of stand-up comedy shows, music and children?s 8)______. The Edinburgh Fringe is seen as an important place for up and coming stand-up comedians to perform at.
At the same time in Edinburgh there are various other festivals, such as the Jazz and Blues festival, the Book Festival, the Film Festival, and even an Internet Festival!
9)_______________________________________________________________________, in particular people with South Asian Origin.
Edinburgh Casstle is the site of one of the most spectacular events---The Military Tattoo. A military tattoo has nothing to do with a tattoo on your skin!
10)___________________________________________________________________________ . in Scotland the military tattoo tradionally includes bagpipes and drums. In recent years, the display also features dancers, horses and motorbikes! Though you have to pay to attend most of the events, 11)_________________________ .
Answers:
1)original 2) offers 3) opera 4) outside 5) arts 6) unconventional 7) includes 8)
entertainment
9) There is also a multicultural festival, which celebrates the diversity of people living in Edinburgh
10) It means a performance of military music, for example, by marching bands
11) there are several groups who organize large numbers of free events as well
4.
After 13 years and 46,000 miles (7500km) a british 1)____ has completed a round-the-world journey using human power 2)_______ .
Jason Lewis, 40, crossed five continents, two oceans and a sea to become the firt person to circumnavigate the globe under his own 3)_____ .
He finally returned to the UK on Saturday, crossing the Greenwich Meridian Line, in his 4)______, 26ft, pedal-powered boat, “Moksha”. It was the same point where his journey began on 12 July 1994 when he was just 26 years old.
Jason used a variety of modes of 5)_____ to Europe from the east.
The journey was not without dangers in Colorado, Jason was run over by a 8)_____ driver while in-line skating at the side of the road. He spent six weeks in hospital and nearly lost a leg.
9)_________________________________________________________, chased by a giant crocodile in Australia, and arrested by the Egyptian military as a suspected spy. But on the way he has raised money for children?s charities around the world as well as developed an education program for schoolchildren based on his travels.
What now for the world traveler?
10)__________________________________________________ .
“I?ve seen enough deserts. I?ve missed green rolling hills and cozy pubs, sitting by the fire drinking a pint of warm beer,” said Jason.
“I do miss British humour. 11)_____________________________________.”
Answers:
1) adventurer 2) alone 3) steam 4) custom-designed 5) transport 6) swimming 7) returning 8) drunk
9) As well as surviving the car accident, Jason was robbed and beaten several times on his journey
10) Jason is happy to be back and may hang up his boots for a while
11) It?s nice to be with people who take the mickey out of each other
5.
The Statue of Liberty represents a woman holding a torch of fire. It stands on an island at the 1)_______ to the New York City harbor. It is almost 2)_____ meters tall, one of the tallest statues ever built. Its complete name is “Liberty Enlightening the World”.
The Statue of Liberty was a gift to the people of the United States from the people of France. It was an 3)_____ of the friendship and liberty shared by the people of both countries.
The idea for the statue came from a French history 4)___ in 1865. six years later, artist Frederic
Bartholdi arrived in the United States to 5)____ support for building the statue. He decided it 6)____ stand on an island in New York harbor.
Bartholdi began designing the statue when he returned to France. He designed the statue?s face to look like his mother?s. french people gave 8)____ dollars to build the statue. In 1877, the Americans established a similar committee to 9)___________________________________ .
The statue was built in France. France officially presented the statue to the United States minister to France in Paris on July 4, 1884.
10)____________________________________ . “ Liberty Enlightening the World” was completed in the United States in 1886. new York City celebrated with a huge parade. Since then, the Statue of Liberty 11)_______________________________________ .
Answers:
1) entrance 2) ninety-three 3) expression 4) expert 5) seek 6) should 7) raise 8) 400,000
9) raise money needed to build the statue?s base
10) The statue was then taken apart and sent to the United States
11) has been a symbol of freedom for people all over the world
6.
In many societies, there is often greater acceptance of light skin than dark skin. Light skin may be seen as a mark of beauty, 1)____ and success.
The result is that skin lightening has become a common activity across Africa, Asia and other areas of the world. More and more people with dark skin are using skin-lightening products, even if it 2)____ they may face health risks.
Some beauty care products and soaps 3)____ chemicals that make skin lighter. This process is also caleed 4)____. But some of the chemicals are extremely dangerous. These chemicals have been linked to 5)____ and some kinds of cancer. They also casue low birth weight in babies when mothers use them during 6)_____ .
The chemicals in the products block and 7)____ the natural process that gives color to skin. The skin loses its natural 8)____ to protect against sunlight. Then the skin can become thick and idscolored. 9)______________________________________________________ .
These chemcials are now more dangerous because they are stronger. Some cases have resulted in blackened fingernails, infections and permanent skindamage.
And these are not the only risks. Experts say 10) _______________________________________ . they feel regret and sadness. They feel that instead of risking their their health, 11)___________________________________________ .
Answers:
1) intelligence 2) means 3) contain 4) bleaching 5) kidney damage 6) pregnancy 7) break down 8) barrier
9) Usually the person will use more of the products in an effort to correct the problem, but this only makes it worse
10) some people who change their skin color suffer emotional damage
11) they should have learned to love and accept their skin color as it was
7.
By the end of the terem, I hope you?ll be convinced as I am that formal writing always requires revision. Sometimes it requires a fairly major 1)____ of the paper. Some students may have the mistaken idea that 2)____ means simply making corrections in spelling and grammar. I call that “proofreading”. What I expect you to do when you revise, is to 3)____ and improve the overall 4)_____ of your paper. But how can you tell if your paper is effective? Well, for example, start by asking yourself these questions: Is the topic 5)____ enough to be fully discussed within the given length? Are the main ideas clear? Are they supported by the 6)____ details in the examples? Do they move 7)____ from one idea to the next? You?ll need enough to be fully discussed within the given 8)____? You?ll need enough time for a possible major overhaul, that is 9) ______________________________ . so I?ll expect a preliminary draft paper two weeks before the final due date. That way I can 10)_________________________________. Then you can submit a final draft for grading. 11)____________________________________ .
Answers:
1) rewriting 2) revision 3) evaluate 4) effectiveness 5) restricted 6) specific 7) smoothly 8) length
9) you may have make a lot of changes before your paper becomes really clear to the reader
10) criticize it and getit back in time for you to revise it
11) This process may seem like a great deal of trouble at first, but I think you will find it valuable
8.
Married couples are at their greatest risk of 1)_____ just before their fifth anniversary, it is claimed. A study suggests that we tire of our partners far sooner than we did in the 50s, when the danger point was the “seven-year 2)____”. Five decades on more women are prusuing careers---which can place 3)____ stress on a relationship---and divorce has become 40____ acceptable. The findings emerged in a study of divorce trends in the U.S., Scandinavian countries and in Russia. Experts believe they will also 5)____ to Britain, which as gone through many of the same social changes. Researchers found that the “6)_____” period for newlyweds lasts less than five years and that 7)____ and disaffection often set in by the end of that period. There is an 8)____ incentive to battle through this period, however. The study showed that those who manage to make it to ten years are likely to remain married for good. Researchers found that after the five-year point of marriage, couples are increasingly deterred from parting 9)___________________________________________ . the findings are likely to shed new light on the state of marriage in Britain, which is at the centre of a growing political argument. The Tories are proposing tax breaks for married couples, 10______________________________________ and whose children tend to be healthier, do better at school, and go onto better jobs than children from broken or single-parent families. Other results suggest that 11)_____________________________________________ . this could help explain our falling divorce rate.
Answers:
1) divorcing 2) itch 3) extra 4) increasingly 5) apply 6) honeymoon 7) disillusionment
8) added
9) by the cost of divorce and of running separate lives
10) who tend to stay together longer than co-habiting couples
11) those who marry at a younger age are more likely to divorce
9.
According to the United Nations, global society is older than it has ever been in human history. For years, rich nations have dealt with problems 1)____ with an aging population, such as higher health care costs. But 2)____, developing countries like Uruguay also have to deal with the issue. Uruguay has often been 3)____ as the Switzerlan of South America: it has a stable democracy, a relatively 4)_____ distribution of wealth and the most 5)____ welfare state in the region. It also has the highest 6)____ of elderly people in the hemisphere. Almost fifth of Uruguayans are 70____ over sixty. In the region, only the Caribbean islands of Cuba, Barbados and Martinique come close. So how did a *) ____ country in South Amercia get so old? The main reason is health care, 9) _________________________________________ . but there are other reasons too. In contrast to tis neighbors, there is a very relaxed attitude to contraception in Uruguay. As a result, it has one of the lowest birth rates in the region.
10)______________________________________________________ . in a country of under three and half million people, more than twenty thousand Uruguayans leave each year to sek better opportunities abroad. They mostly head to western Europe, particularly Spain and Italy. These countries are only 11)_______________________________________________ becaseu it helps them deal with their own problems of having too few workers supporting too many old people.
Answers:
1) associated 2) increasingly 3) described 4) equitable 5) generous 6) proportion 7) aged 8) Catholic
9)which is free for those who can?t afford it and widely available
10)Wmigration also contributes to the country?s ag ing population
11)Too happy to welcome well-qualified, young immigrants
10
For all Germans applying for a new passport, the experience might feel more akin to going to a police station. From now on, they?ll have their fingerprints taken. Germany is 1)_____ the 2nd phase of biometric passports. For 2 years, all new German passports have 2)____ a chip which stores biometric data about the passport holder including a 3)____ photo. But all passports issued from now on will also include the holder?s fingerprints.The German government says the new passport will be harder to be forged, which wil help in the fight 4)____ organized crime and terrorism. According to governemtn officicals, the new system is 5)____ . they usually take fingerprints from the left and right 6)____ fingers with a little scanner. The whole process is clean and 7)____ . But most people hope the system is “secure?, some citizen groups are 8)_____ of the
use of fingerprints in passports due to personal liberty concerns. But on the other hand, 9) _____________________________________________ . critics of the biometric passports have also lambasted the government for failing to review how much the introduction of thes documents will cost. The German interior minister says that 10)_______________________________________ . these new passports should help government stay one step ahead of criminals. But only time will tell 11)___________________________________________ .
Answers:
1) introducing 2) contained 3) digital 4) against 5) user-friendly 6) index 7) uncomplicated 8) critical
9) since photos have been stored on chips in all passports., German and European passports are almost impossible to forge
10) fingerprints are as unique as people themselves
11) whether storing biometric details on a chip can completely prevent people from faking passports
11.
Edmund Hillary climbed his way into histroy by being one of the first two men to reach the highest point on Earth, Mount Qomolangma. Born in 1919 in Auckland, new Zealand, Edmund Percival Hillary first took up the family trade of beekeeping. But his love for the 1)____ carried him to the mountains of New Zealand and then on to the Alps, and 2)____ landed him in the Himalayas, where hi climed past an altitude of 30____ feet on 11 different peaks. The highest of those peaks, five-and-a-half miles 4)____ sea level, was Mount Qomolangma. With brutal cold, 5)____ winds and very little oxygen at the top the mountain, Mount Qomolangma had turned back all the 6)____ who dared to challenge it. But on Mya 29, 1953, it was Hillary and guide Tenzing Norgay who finally made it.
Hillary became a 7)______ name. He was knighted by a young Queen Elizabeth, and even his explanation of the climb became 8)____ : He went up Mount Qomolangma, he said, “Because it is t here.” His passion for exploration continued as 9)_______________________________________________, including the first ever motorized crossing of Antarctica. But as the years passed, Hillary found himself drawn back to both the people and the natural environment of the Himalayas.
10)__________________________________________________________. Over the years,
11)________________________________________________________. They planted more than
a million trees and organized groups to clean up more than 50 tones of garbage left behind by those who followed Hillary up Mount Qomolangma.
Answers:
1) outdoors 2) ultimately 3) 20,000 4) above 5) constant 6) adventurers 7) household
8) legendary
9) he organized expeditions to all the remote areas of the Earth
10) He established the American Himalayan Foundation to extend his humanitarian efforts
11) Hillary and the foundation built numerous hospitals, schools, village clinics and airstrips
12.
The human brain 1)____ 10 thousand million cells and each of these may have a thousand connections. Such 2)____ numbers used to discourage us and casue us to dismiss the 30___ of making a machine with human-like ability, but now that we have grown used to moving forward at such a 4)____ we can be less sure. Quite soon, in only 10 to 20 years 50____, we will be able to assemble a machine as 60____ as the human brain, and if we can we will. It may then take us a long time to 7)____ it intelligent by loading in the right software or by altering the architecture but that too will 8)_____.
I think it certain that in decades, not centuries,
9)____________________________________________________. Once they exceed us they will be capable of their own design. In a real sense they will be able to reproduce themselves. Silicon will hav e ended carbon?s long control. And we will no longer be able to claim ourselves to be the finest intrelligence in the known universe.
As the inteeligence of robots increase to match that of humans and 10)____________________________________________, we may use them to expand our frontiers, first on earth through their ability to withstand environment, harmful to ourselves. Thus, deserts may bloom and the ocean beds be mined. Further ahead, by a combination of the great wealth this new age will bring and the technology it will provide 11)____________________________________________________________.
Answers:
1) contains 2) enormous 3) possibility 4) pace 5) perhaps 6) complex 7) render 8) happen
9) machines of silicon will arise first to rival and then exceed their human ancestors
10) as their cost declines through economies of scale
11) the construction of a vast, amn-created world in space will be within our power
13.
Scientists say counting the many different kinds of plants and animals on Earth is one way to measure the health of our planet. Scientists use the word biodiversity to describe the 1)____ of many kinds of plants, animals and other organisms. One definition of biodiversity is the 2)___ of life at all levels of 3)___ organization. Biodiversity is also a way to measure the differences among aoo the organisms on Eatht.
Scientists say that existence of biodiversity is 4)____ important for human life. Plants and animals provide much of our food, 5)____ and materials for industry. Biodiversity makes possible the natural development of 6)____ crops. Biodiversity helps to create a balance for our 7)___ and water supply. And it provides activities through the 8)____ of nature.
Scientists say a lack of biodiversity has led to agricultural crisis in history. One example is the photo famine in Ireland in the nineteenth century. At he time, many people in Ireland depended on potatoes for food. 9)__________________________________________ .
Scientists say that human activity remains the main reason for the drop in the number of species.
10)______________________________________. They also believe that
11)_______________________________________________.
Answers:
1) existence 2) differences 3) biological 4) extremely 5) medicines 6) improved 7) atmosphere 8) enjoyment
9) When the potato crop failed, millions starved to death or were forced to leave the country
10) People are destroying the places in which living things live, poisoning the air and spreading disease among them
11) climate change is a serious threat to many kinds of palnts, animals and insects
14.
If the las t year in Iraq has changed the 1)____ of the war and the region?s future, the next year in that country may determine who will 2)____ Bush in the White House. Petraeus and Crocker have started an analysis that will determine the troop levels through the 3)____ of the election season from July through November. The success of the surge has 40____ the role of Iraq in the U.S.
5)____; but the political---and electoral---ramifications of the next decision on troop levels remain an 60____ question. Bush even said Saturday that the current draw down, which is expected to bring troops to pre-surge levels by July, and as low as 7)_____ by the end of the year, could be
8)____ if Petraeus decides he needs to beef back up. There are
9)__________________________________ of Petraeus? decision in the spring. One says that further troop reductions will help those who have been relatively hawkish compared to the rest of their parties---including Hillary Clinton and John McCain. ( Any Democrat is likely to benefit if 10)________________________________________________ or if the current draw down is halted.) another says that the lower the violence in Iraq, the for candidates 11)______________________________, like Barack Obama and Mike Huckabee, because the issue becomes less important to voters.
Answers:
1) course 2) succeed 3) heat 4) diminished 5) campaign 6) open 7) 100,000 8) reversed
9) two views of what the effects on the presidential campaign will be
10) violence requires an increase in troops
11) who have relatively less experience on foreign and national security policy
15.
Everyone experiences anxiety from time to time. It is that feeling of 1)_____ or apprehension accompanied by a 2) _____ in the chest, and physical symptoms like sweating, trembling and rapid 3)_____ . it is often casued by some change in out lives over which we feel we have no control. It can last for weeks, even months. For most people, the anxiety 40____ once the event is over or the problem is solved. If the anxiety persists and becomes much greater, it can make
normal, daily activities difficult or impossible. What casues anxiety disorders? Nobody knows for sure. But one theory argues that it is an 5)______ response of the body to stress. Many of the symptoms and signs of anxiety disorders mimic a normal reaction caleed the flight or 6)____ response. This is a biochemical and physiological reaction the body undergoes when 7)_____ danger. It involves harmons like adrenalin and cortisol being released into the body. They cause the heart to pump harder and faster and make the person more 8)_____. The skin goes pale, breathing increases and the person may sweat. The effect ofall this is that the person is able to 9)_____________________________________ and so, escape from danger. Once the threat is over, the symptoms fade. However, if the perceived danger is something persistent like say, a financial difficulty or a relationship in conflict, the anxiety it provokes may be ongoing. One of the intriguing aspects of the problem is that 10)_______________________________________. Some people survive a traumatic event without getting any anxiety, while others are almost incapacitated by seemingly trivial events. Today in Australia, about one person in 20 suffers from anxiety and unfortunately, only a small percentage will seek treatmetn. But 11)__________________________________________________.
Answers:
1) dread 2) tightness 3) heartbeat 4) fades 5) abnormal 6) fright 7) exposed to 8) alert
9) think more quickly, run faster, perform better
10) there can be large variations in individuals? responses to stressful events
11) the good news is that most anxiety disorders can be successsfully treated
16.
Climate changes were 1)_____ on all aspects of the human and natural systems, including both cultural and natrual World Heritage 2)____. Joseph Massaquoi, director of the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) Regional Bureau for Science and Technology in Africa, said at UN Climate Change Conference in Nairobi on Tuesday. Some cultural heritage sites have very 3)_____ foundations, and the rise of soil temperature could make them 4)____ so the governments have to spend a lot of money to 5)____ them, said Massaquoi, saying that climate change may bring flood and other types of disasters which make it difficult to protect our heritage.
A reprot 6)_____ by the UN Environment Program (UNEP) and the UNESCO said Charles Darwin?s 7)_____ barrier reef in Belize, Honduras, South Africa?s famous West Coast National Park, monuments of Alexandria in Egypt and many other cultural and natrual heritage properties were under 8) _____ due to climate change. “We must act now to build resilience, so that important ecosystems, like coral reefs, can survive the UNEP?s Executive Director Achim Steiner, “we must also use intelligence and scientific finds.” The Nov.6 to 17 conference, includin g the 12th Conference of the 189 Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the 2nd meeting of the 166 Parties to the Kyoto Protocol and other side events, is 10)___________________________________________ held in sub-Saha-ran Africa. The meeting will help focus attention on such issues as 11)________________________________________ required for developing countries to adapt and to participate in the clean development mechanim.
Answers:
1) impacting 2) properties 3) fragile 4) weaker 5) sustain 6) released 7) favorite 8) threat
9) in the face of the climate change that is already underway
10) the first UN climate summit
11) adaptation to climate change, along with funding and capacity building
17.
Health food is a general term 1)_____ to all kinds of food that are considered more healthful than other types of foods 2)_____ sold in supermarekts. For instance, whole grains, fried beans, and 3)_____ oil are health foods. A narrower classification of health food is natural food, which is used to 40_____ between types of the same food. Raw honey is a natural 5)_____, whereas refined sugar is not. Fresh fruit is a natural food, but 6)_____ fruit, with sugars and other additives, is not. The most 7)_____ term of all and the narrowest classification within health food is 8)_____ food, which is used to describe food that has been grown on a particular kind of farm. 9) _____________________________________________, that are only treated with organic fertilizers, that are not sprayed with poisonous insecticides, and that are not refined after harvest, are organic foods. 10)___________________________________________ that are fed only organically grown feed and that are not injected with hormons are organic foods.
In choosing the type of food you eat, then, you have basically two choices: inorganic, processed foods, or orgainc, unprocessed foods. A wise decision should include investigation of the claims that processed foods contain chemicals, some of which are proven to be poisonous, and that vitamin content is 11)__________________________________________________.
Answers:
1) applied 2) sidely 3) corn 4) distinguish 5) sweetener 6) canned 7) precise 8) organic
9) Fruits and vegetables that are grown in gardens
10) Meat, fish, dairy and poultry products
11) greatly reduced in processed foods
18.
It was an Italian inventor who created the first wireless device for sending out radio signals in 1895. but not until the American 1)_____ Lee De Forest built the first amplifying vacuum tube in 1906 did we get the first radio as we know it. And the first 2)_____ radio broadcast ws made on Chrtistmas Eve of 1906. that?s when someone working from an 3)_____ station in Brand Rock, Maaaachusetts, 4)_____ the program of two short musical 5)____ of poem and brief holiday greetings. The broadcast was heard by 60______ operators on ships with a radio for several hundred miles. The following year, De Forest began 7)____ radio broadcasts in New York. These programs were 8)____ to much of what we hear on the radio today in that De Forest played only music. 9)______________________________________, De Forest?s audience consisted of only wireless operators on ships in New York harbor.
10)_________________________________________ owned receivers. It w asn?t until the 1920?s that someone envisioned mass appeal for radio. This wsa radio pioneer, David Sarnoff who predicted that one day there would be a radio receiver in every home.
Answers:
1) inventor 2) actual 3) experimental 4) arranged 5) selections 6) wireless 7) regular
8) similar
9) But because there was still no home radio receivers
10) There is no doublt that radio broadcasting was quite a novelty
11) only those who took wireless telegraphing as a hobby
19.
Not long ago, some of you may have read about the team of mountain climbing scientists who helped to recalculate the 1)_____ of the highest mountain in the world, Mount Qomolangma. Of course the elevation of Mount Qomolangma was determined many years ago using 2)_____ surveying methods. But these scientists wanted to make a more 3)_____ measurement, using a new method that takes 4)____ of recent advances in technology; it?s called the Global Positioning System. The Global Positioning System uses 24 5)______ that circle the earth. Each of the satellites is 6)_____ sending out signals, and each signal contains important information that can be used to determine the longitude, 7)_____ and elevation at any point on the earth?s 8)_____. Well, in order to use this system to calculate Mount Eve rest?s elevation, scientists need to 9)__________________________________________. The problem with this was that in the past, the receivers were much too heavy for climbers to carry.
10)_____________________________________________________, so climbers were able to take the receiver to the top of the Qomolangma, and from there, to access the satellite system signals that would allow them to determine the precise elevation. And it turns out that 11)________________________________________________________.
Answers:
1) elevation 2) traditional 3) precise 4) advantage 5) satellites 6) constantly 7) latitude
8) surface
9) put a special receiver on its summit to receive signals from the satellites
10) But now these receivers have been reduced to about the size and weight of a hand-held telephone
11) the famous peak is actually a few feet higher than was perviously thought
20.
A busker is someone who performs music or an act on the street. The most common kind of busker plays a guitar. Passers-by will 1)____ money into his / her guitar case. However, players of other instruments, from the classical 2)_____ to the handsaw, are also buskers. In fact, any kind of street performance can be regarded as a 30____ of busking. This includes frie-breathers, jugglers, storytellers, mime artists and dancers.
In some cities busking requires a 4)____ while in others it is tolerated as long as it doesn?t 5)____ with noise and traffic regulatrions.
In Europe, city 6)_____ generally welcome buskers. It is believed that in busy city center areas street performers create a festive and 7)_____ atmosphere that helps to attract more visitors and 80_____. As passers-by stop to enjoy street performances, they are more likely to 9)_______________________________________________.
Busking is a fun activity for the performer. Buskers, 10)______________________________________, can enjoy the experience of performing anonymously. 11)___________________________________________. It?s a fun way to be part of a festive crowd and practice performance skills in the meantime.
Answers:
1)drop 2) violin 3) form 4) permit 5) interfere 6) authorities 7) lively 8) shoppers
9) take notice of the nearby shops and businesses, and to make more purchases
10) regardless of whether they are professional musicians or amateurs
11) The success of the performance depends solely on how well the busker can grab and hold a crowd?s attention