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初中英语名词专练_名词的数以及名词的格专项练习

初中英语名词专练_名词的数以及名词的格专项练习
初中英语名词专练_名词的数以及名词的格专项练习

名词

名词可分为专有名词和普通名词。

(1)专有名词表示具体的人名,食物名,地名,机构名,国名,月份,和节日灯的名词称为专名词。the WTO December Singapore the Changjiang River

注意:专有名词中各单词的第一个字母需要大写,但其中的虚词,如冠词,介词,连词等一般不大写,如the United Nations 联合国,the People’s republic of China 中华人

民共和国,也可以把专有名词的所以字母都大写。

(2)普通名词有可数名词和不可数名词。

①可数名词又可分为个体名词和集体名词。

个体名词如:book, student, key.

集体名词如:army, police, family, people.

②不可数名词分为物质名词和抽象名词。

物质名词如:water, wind, glass, steel.

抽象名词如:honesty, love, youth.

名词在句中可以作主语,宾语,补足语,表语,同位语,称呼语,状语,定语等。

This country is famous for tea. (作主语)

Of all the vegetables, I like potatoes best. (作动词宾语)

Someone in the next room is singing a popular song about love. (作介词宾语)

We are making our school a beautiful garden. ( 作补足语)

Happiness is the true value of life. (作表语)

These seats are for us students, and those are for the teachers. ( 作同位语)

Monica, won’t you come in? (作称呼语)

We’ll meet on Monday. (作状语)

In the South of China, there grow many banana trees. (作定语)

注意:大多数情况下,名词用单数形式作定语,但只有复数形式的名词作定语仍用复数。

a paper basket 一个纸篓

a shoe factory 一家鞋厂

a film star 一位电影明星a clothes shop 一家服装店a glasses store 一家眼镜店

a goods train 一列运送货物的火车名词的数

可数名词

一、规则复数形式:(六种)

1.直接加-s 例bags

2.以-s,-x, -sh,-ch结尾,在后加上-es. 例bus-buses box-boxes

3.以o结尾的除potato(马铃薯)、tomato(西红柿)、hero(英雄)加es,其余直接加s。

4.以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f或fe为v加es, 除了roof、proof直接加-s,例life-lives

wife-wives roof –roofs

5.以辅音字母+-y结尾,变y为i 再加-es. 例city-cities 以元音字母+-y 结尾,直接加-s. 例:

boys

6.以th结尾的名词,一般加-s. 例:paths(小道)

二、不规则复数形式:

1.变内部元音的情况。

woman-- women

man-men

policeman-policemen Englishman-Englishmen Frenchman-Frenchmen chairman-chairmen foot-feet

tooth-teeth

goose-geese

2.词尾发生变化的情况。child-children ox-oxen

3.单复数形式相同常用分以下几类:

表示动物的名词deer 鹿,fish 鱼,sheep 绵羊,bison 野牛,crab 螃

表示人的名词Chinese 中国人,Japanese 日本人,Swiss瑞士人,

kin 亲属

craft及由-craft构成的名词craft 飞机,aircraft 飞机,spacecraft 太空船

表示数量的名词Hundred百,thousand千,million百万,dozen一

打,score 二十

其他series 系列;species种类;means方法works(工

厂)crossroads 十字路口

注意:某国人的表达法: a Chinese- two Chinese a Japanese-tow Japanese

A Frenchman- two Frenchmen a Englishman- two Englishmen

I am a Chinese= I am Chinese

I am English= I am an Englishman

特殊的复数形式:

1.集体名词的复数形式,有些集体名词只有复数形式,同时也表示复数意义;作主语时,谓语动词用复数。goods商品clothes 服装thanks 感谢

2.有些集体名词只有单数形式,但表示复数意义,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。police 警察people

3.有些集体名词常以单数形式出现,侧重整体概念表示单数意义,作主语时谓语动词用单数;若表示多个这样的整体有复数变化形式,作主语时谓语动词用复数。侧重整体中的成员表示复数意义,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。

Almost every family in the country owns a television.

These children are all from single-parent families.

His family are all Beijing opera fans.

4.有些集体名词总是不可数,只用单数形式. Poetry诗歌jewelry珠宝clothing衣服furniture 家具

5.身兼二职的名词对照表

glass fish chicken time 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍

不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间

orange light paper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷(几根)头发

不可数橘汁光纸头发

exercise idea life work 可数练习题主意/意见生命著作

不可数锻炼了解生活工作

turkey radio youth experience 可数火鸡收音机青年人经历

不可数火鸡肉无线电年轻、青春经验

interest room

可数爱好房间

不可数兴趣空间

【注意】

1.family, class等词作为一个整体时视为单数,强调其家庭/族成员或班级成员时视为复数;

2.部分有生命的集体名词本身就是复数的概念:

①police指警察、警官的总称,本身表示复数。The police(主语)+谓语动词复数

②people指人们、人民,本身表示复数。(The)…people+谓语动词复数

people指民族,有单、复数变化 e.g. fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族

三、合成名词的复数形式:

1.中间没有连字符也没有间隔的合成名词将最后一个名词变成复数形式。

birthday-birthdays

blackboard-blackboards

2. 中间有连字符或间隔的合成名词将其中主要的词变成复数。

daughter-in-law --daughters-in-law

editor-in chief--editors-in-chief

3.组成合成名词的单词中没有名词时,则在最后一个词的词尾加-s。

go-between--go-betweens(中间人)hang-up--hang-ups(障碍)

四、有两种复数形式的名词:有的名词当具有不同的含义时,其相应的复数形式也不相同。penny 当作“便士”讲,侧重面值时,复数为pence;当作为“便士”讲侧重枚数时,复数为pennies. two pence 两便士four pennies 四个一便士的硬币

people意为“人,人们”时,本身即为复数;people还有“民族”的意思,它的复数形式为peoples. two people两个人fifty-six peoples 五十六个民族

fish 指鱼的“条数”时,其复数形式仍为“fish”,作为“鱼的种类”讲时,其复数形式为“fishes”,指餐桌上的“鱼肉”时,是不可数名词。

Two fish 两条鱼two different fishes 两种不同的鱼

Help yourself to some fish.

不可数名词:不可数名词没有复数形式。

一、常见的不可数名词:

air 空气

chalk 粉笔

hair 头发

meat 肉

money 金钱orange橙汁

rice 大米silk 丝绸

water 水

wood 木头

fire 火

beef 牛肉

coal 煤

food 食物

health 健康

metal 金属

music 音乐

paper 纸

salt 盐

snow 雪

weather 天气

wool 羊毛ink 墨水bread 面包coffee 咖啡fruit水果ice 冰milk 牛奶

noise 噪声

pork 猪肉

sand 沙子

time 时间

wind 风

work工作

advice 建议

blood 血液

news新闻

fun 乐趣

二、可转化为可数名词的物质名词

1.有些物质名词在表达不同意义时可转化为可数名词。

wind 风--- a wind 一阵风rain 雨--- a rain 一场雨snow 雪--- a snow 一场雪tea 茶--- a tea 一杯茶beer 啤酒--- a beer 一杯啤酒coffee咖啡--- a coffee 一杯咖啡glass 玻璃--- a glass 一个玻璃杯

2.有些物质名词的复数形式表达特殊含义。

rains 大量的雨水,多场雨woods 森林winds 阵风,多场风times 时代waters 水域sands 沙滩;沙丘seas 海域

glasses 眼镜

papers 试卷;论文;报纸

三、可转化为可数名词的抽象名词:抽象名词一般视为不可数名词,但表示具体事物时,可用作可数名词,可被a/an修饰,也可有复数形式,表示“某种人或物”。

beauty 美人或美丽的事物danger 令人感到危险的人或事success 成功的人或事surprise 令人感到惊讶的人或事worry 令人感到烦恼的人或事failure 失败的人或事

名词的格:分为主格,宾格和所有格。名词主格和宾格相同,一般都是名词本身。

名词所有格是表示所属关系的一种形式,有-’s 所有格,of所有格和双重所有格三种。 -’s所有格的构成

1.一般情况下,在名词词尾加-’s. Dick’s hobby. 迪克的爱好。

2.若名词已有以-s或-es结尾的复数词尾,直接在其后加撇号-’. My parents’ hope. 我父母的希望。

3.不以-s结尾的名词复数,直接在其后加-’s. Children’s time 孩子的时间。

-’s 所有格的用法

1.-’s所有格大多表示有生命的名词的所有关系。

Lucy’s bag Mary’s famil y

2.表示两人或多人共有时,只变化最后一个名词的词尾;如果为各自所有,各个名词的词尾都要变化。

John and Susan’s father.

Japan’s and America’s problems.

3.不定代词,疑问代词或疑问副词后有时带else,表示“另外的,其他的”,其所有格形式在else后变化,用else’s.

The e-dictionary is not mine. It’s someone else’s.

of 所有格

1.用于无生命的事物Beijing is the capital of China.

2.用于名词化的词The life of the poor is the biggest problem in this country.

※双重所有格-’s所有格和of 所有格结合在一起表示的所有关系叫作双重所有格,表示整体中的一个或一部分。

两种形式:a. 名词+of+-’s所有格 b. 名词+of+名词性物主代词

a cousin of my father’s several friends of mine

练习:He is a friend of my _________(brother ) .

Is she a daughter of __________(you)?

教学练习

一.将下列名词变成复数形式。

1.hero _________

2. piano _________

3. family _________

4. knife _________

5. bus _________

6. photo________

7. potato _______ 8. sheep ________ 9. tooth_________

10. policeman _________ 11. child ________ 12. postman _______

13. watch ______ 14.house _______ 15.mouse_______

二.请归类可数名词和不可数名词,将该单词的编号写在相应的位置上。

A.book

https://www.wendangku.net/doc/da16409225.html,k

C.rice

D.bun

E.soup

F.water

G.tea H.hamburger I.bread J.money K.paper L.desk

M.toy N.baby O.season P.egg Q.coffee https://www.wendangku.net/doc/da16409225.html,puter S.tree T.meat

U.pork V.tooth W.room X.pen Y.beef Z.chair

1.可数___________________________________________________________

2.不可数________________________________________________________

三.选择填空。

1.They come from different _______.

A.country

B.countries

C.a country

D.countrys

2.How many ______________ do you see in the picture ?

A.tomatos

B.tomatoes

C.tomato

D.the tomato

3. I’d like a ____ for dessert. Fruit, you know, is good for health.

A potato

B banana

C candy

D pie

4.She was very happy. She_____in the maths test.

A. makes a few mistake

B. made a few mistakes

C. made few mistakes

D. makes few mistake

5. _____are____for cutting things.

A. Knife/used

B. Knives/used

C. Knife/using

D. Knives/using

6.remember to give the horse some tree___.

A. leafs

B. leaves

C. leaf

D. leave

7. They got much ___ from those new books.

A.ideas

B. photos

C. information

D. stories

8. When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad.

A.some news

B. a news

C. the news P. news

9. He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat.

A. two breads

B. two piece of bread

C. two pieces of bread

D. two pieces of breads

10. Some ___ came to our school for a visit that day.

A.Germans

B. Germen

C. Germany

D. Germanies

11. September 10th is____in China.

A. Teacher's Day

B. Teachers' Day

C. Teacher Day

D. Teachers Day

12.-Is the broom under ____ desk? -No, it's under____.

A. the teacher's; my

B. teacher's; mine

C. teacher's; me

D. the teacher's; mine

13. Excuse me, where is the___?

A. men's room

B. mens' room

C. men's rooms

D. men rooms

14. The football under the bed is____。

A. Lily and Lucy

B. Lily's and Lucy's

C. Lily's and Lucy

D. Lily and Lucy's

15. This is my ____ dictionary.

A. sister Mary

B. sister's

C. sister, Mary's

D. sister's Mary's

16. He went to ___ shop to buy a shirt.

A. a tailor

B. the tailor

C. a tailors

D. the tailors'

17. Joan is____.

A. Mary's and Jack sister

B. Mary and Jack's sister

C. Mary and Jack sister

D. Mary's and Jack's sister

18. In a few____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.

A. year

B. years'

C. year's

D. years

19. It's about ___ walk from my house.

A. ten minute

B. ten minutes'

C. ten minute's

D. ten minutes

20. The post office is a bit far from here. It's about_____.

A. thirty minutes's walk

B. thirty minute's walk

C. thirty minutes' walk

D. thirty minutes walk

四、根据句意,用方框中所给的单词的适当形式填空,每词仅限用一次。

tomato room mistake sheep hand knife excite gift true dentist

3.The audience clapped and shouted with _____ when the performer appeared.

4.Alice was so careless that she mad many ______ in her homework.

5.Tim, could you please tell me the _____?

6.Thi s is Tom and Mary’s ______.

7.These chocolates are all made by _______.

8.In Britain, people not only use_____ to cut things but also use them to have meals.

9.Joanna received many ______ when graduating from middle school.

10.If there’s something wrong with your teeth, you’d better go to see a ________.

11.We need some yogurt, two ______ and some honey to make the salad.

12.Australia is famous for its ______.

一.写出下列名词的复数形式:

1. pencil-box ___________

2. wife _______

3. Sunday ________

4. city ______

5. dress _______

6. Englishman ________

7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________ 9. zoo ________

10. exam________ 11. German __________

二.单词拼写

1. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day.

2. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.

3. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.

4. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city?

5. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?

6. At the end of _______(八月), you must get ready for the new school year.

7. Trees are planted in most of the mountain v________.

8. I like a_______. It’s neither hot nor cold.

9. T_______ comes after Monday.

三选择题

1.June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.

A. Child’s

B. Childs’

C. Children’s

D. Childrens’

2.September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn’t it?

A. Teacher’s

B. Teachers’

C. Teacher

D. Teacher of

3._____ is made of _____.

A. Glass; glass

B. A glass; glass

C. Glasses; glasses

D. A glass; glasses

4.This is _______ news.

A. such a good

B. a very good

C. so good a

D. such good

5.What ______ it is! Let’s go swimming.

A. a fine weather

B. fine day

C. a fine day

D. bad weather

6.They like Chinese _____.

A. food and peoples

B. foods and people

C. foods and people

D. food and people

7.Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.

A. on feet

B. on foot

C. by foots

D. by buses

8. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.来源:

A. sheep; cows

B. sheep; cow

C. sheeps; cow

D. sheeps; cows

9. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?

A. a music; a news

B. music; news

C. music; news

D. music; a news

10.How many ____ and ____ are there in your class?

A. boy student; girl ones

B. girls students; boys ones

C. boys student; girl one

D. girl students; boy ones

11.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.

A. Frenchmen; Germans

B. Frenchmen; Germen

C. German; Frenchmen

D. Germans; Frenchmans

12. That bus driver drank two _____.

A. glass of water

B. glasses of waters

C. cups of tea

D. cup of tea

13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.

A. Bob’s mother

B. Bob’s mother’s

C. mother of Bob

D. Bob mother’s

14. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.

A. Tom and Carl

B. Tom’s and Carl’s

C. Tom and Carl’s

15. There is ______ tree in our school.

A. a 8-metres-tall

B. an-8-metre-tall

C. an 8 metres tall

典型例题讲解

1. They got much _____ from those new books.

A. ideas

B. photos

C. news

D. stories

2. I have two _______ and three bottles of _________ here.

A. orange, orange

B. oranges, oranges

C. oranges, orange

D. orange, oranges

3. Every evening M r. King takes a _________ to his home .

A. 25 minut es’ walk

B. 25 minute’s walk

C. 25 minute walk

D. 25 minutes walk

4. An old _______ wants to see you.

A. people

B. person

C. the people

D. the person

5. Help yourself to __________.

A. chickens and apples

B. chickens and apple

C. chicken and apple

D. chicken and apples

6. Oh, dear. I forgot the two _________.

A. room’s number

B. rooms’ number

C. room numbers

D. rooms’ numbers

7. She has been in Tianjin for ten years. Tianjin has become her second _________.

A. family

B. house

C. home

D. room

8. ________ mothers couldn’t go to the meeting, because they have gone to Shanghai .

A. Mary and Peter’s

B. Mary and Peter

C. Mary’s and Peter

D. Mary’s and Peter’s

9. Li Lei has been to __________ many times this month.

A. her uncle

B. her uncle’s

C. her uncles

D. aunt’s

10. He is a success as a leader but he hasn’t ________ in teaching.

A. many experiences

B. much experience

C. an experience

D. a lot experience

11. A classmate of _________ was here ten minutes ago.

A. you

B. your

C. your sister

D. your sister’s

12. A group of _________ are talking with two ___________.

A. Frenchmen, Germans

B. Germans ,Frenchmans

C. Frenchmans , Germen

D. Germen , Frenchmen

13.The team ________ having a meeting .

A. is

B. are

C. am

D. be

14. “Would you like _________?” “________, please.”

A. drink, Three coffees

B. a cup of drink, Coffees

C. a drink, A coffee

D. a drink, Three cups of coffees

15. The Great Wall was made not only by _______, but also the flesh and blood of ________ men.

A.earth and stone, millions of

B. earths and stones, millions

C. the earth and stone, million of

D. the earths and stones, millions

三巩固训练:

1. This is ___ reading-room.

A. the teacher’s

B. teacher’s

C. teacher’s

D. the teachers’

2. Nothing was found but ___ broken.

A. the room window

B. the room’s window

C. the room of the window

D. the window of room

3. How many___ would you like?

A. paper

B. bread

C. pieces of papers

D. pieces of bread

4. He was praised for his ___.

A. brave

B. bravery

C. bravely

D. great brave

5. Please get me a new ___ when you go to town.

A. clothes

B. dress

C. clothing

D. trousers

6. There are 34___ doctors in the hospital.

A. woman

B. women

C. woman’s

D. women’s

7. Some___ are even thinner than your little finger.

A. bamboo

B. bamboos

C. kinds of bamboo

D. kinds of bamboos

8. He was born in this town and now he lives in ___.

A. Building second

B. Building Two

C. the Building Two

D. Building the Second

9. Old as he is, he has ___to do every day.

A. a lot of work

B. much works

C. lots of homeworks

D. quite a lot of homeworks

10. Jack’s room is furnished with ___.

A. new furnitures

B. many new furnitures

C. many new pieces of furnitures

D. many new pieces of furniture

11. Have you read ___newspaper yet?

A. today’s

B. Today’s

C. the today’s

D. your today’s

12. It’s not far, only ___walk from here to our school.

A. a ten minutes

B. ten minutes

C. a ten minutes’

D. ten minutes’

13. Last month, he wrote me ___letter.

A. a 1000-word

B. 1000 words

C. a 1000-words

D. 1000 words’

14. He had a ___sleep yesterday.

A. a good night

B. a good-night

C. a good night’s

D. good-night’s

15. ___is not a long way to drive.

A. Three miles distance

B. Three-mile distance

C. Three miles’ distance

D. A three-mile-distance

16. His isn’t fit for the work. Please get me ___.

A. something else

B. somebody else

C. someone else’s

D. somebody’s else

17. Do you know how large ___ is?

A. population of China

B. Chinese population

C. China population

D. China’s population

18. ___ is too much for the boy to carry.

A. The box weight

B. The box’s weight

C. The weight of the box

D. The box of the weight

19. Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest ___ shop?

A. shoes

B. shoe

C. shoes’

D. shoe’s

20. What ___ weather we’re having these days!

A. nice

B. a nice

C. a bad

D. worse

21. They say that the meeting will be ___.

A. of very important

B. great importance

C. of great importance

D. great important

22. I’m going to call at ___ this evening.

A. Mr Black

B. the Blacks

C. Mr Black’s

D. Blacks’

23. What Darwin said was an attack on people’s religious ___.

A. belief

B. beliefs

C. beliefs

D. believs

24. There are some ___waiting for you outside.

A. German

B. American

C. grown-up

D. Japanese

25. Their factory has developed a kind of ___ to help people walk.

A. machine

B. machines

C. a machine

D. the machine

26. There’re many ___ in my brother’s album.

A. leafs

B. toys

C. books

D. stamps

27. Yesterday I went to the super market and bought a lot of ___.

A. tomatoes

B. potatos

C. vegetable

D. meats

28. Upon hearing what I said, his ___ rose.

A. anger

B. angry

C. angrily

D. angriness

29. Excuse me, can you change this ___ for me?

A. five-pound note

B. five pounds note

C. five-pound notes

D. five pounds notes

30. You have to make ___ for your journey

A. preparing

B. preparation

C. a preparation

D. preparations

四课堂过手训练:

1. We haven't got much for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07)

A apple

B tomato

C bread

D biscuit

2.I’ve read_____ sp orts news about the Fl race today.(05)

A two

B pieces

C two piece

D two pieces of

3. Linda, I've bought many . Now let's make the birthday cake. (03)

A. fresh eggs

B. chocolate milk

C. frozen food D rice dumplings

4. You can get much ____________ about the World Expo on the Internet. (01)

A) map B) picture C) ticket D) information

5. Come on, children. Help yourselves to some if you like.(07年南通)

A fishes and chicken

B fishes and chicken

C fish and chicken

D fishes and chickens

6.They got much _ on the Interne. (07年天津)

A photo B. ideas C message D. information

7. In the streets there are_________ of different colours and sizes.

A. taxi

B. the taxi

C. the taxis

D. taxis

8. These girls will become________. when they graduate from the medical college.

A. woman doctors

B. women's doctors

C. women doctors

D. the women doctor's

9. Usually________ are very careful in doing exercises.

A. girl students

B. girls students

C. girls' students

D. girl's students

10. The waitress brought us_______.

A. glasses of juices

B. glasses of juice

C. glass of juices

D. glass of juice

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1. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___? -Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C.apple D. pear

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英语里有一些名词的复数形式不是以词尾-s或-es构成,它们的构成方法主要如下表:

其它名词复数的规则变化 1) 以y结尾的专有名词,或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时,直接加s变复数: 如:two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 比较:层楼:storey ---storeys story---stories

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一、名词的数 1.单数和复数 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。复数形式通常是在单数形式后加词尾“-s”构成,其主要变法如下: 规则变化: (1)一般情况在词尾加-s,例如:book→books,girl→girls,boy→boys, pen→pens,doctor→doctors, boy→boys。 (2)以s,x,ch,sh,结尾的词加-es,例如:bus→buses,class→classes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes。 (4)以辅音母加y结尾的词变“y”为“i”再加-es,例如:city→cities, factory→factories, country→countries, family→families。 但要注意的是以元音字母加y结尾的名词的复数形式只加s,如:boy→boys, day→days。 (5)以o结尾的词多数都加-es。例如:hero→heroes,potato→potatoes,tomato→tomatoes (6)以f或fe结尾的词,多数变f为v再加-es,例如:knife→knives,leaf→leaves,half→halves。不规则变化: 例如:man→men,woman→women,tooth→teeth,foot→feet,child→children,mouse→mice。 2.不可数名词“量”的表示方法 a cup of tea → two cups of tea a piece of paper → four pieces of paper a bottle of milk → five bottles of milk 随堂练习 一.写出下列单词的复数形式 boy______ peach________ knife_________ child____________ woman________ tooth________ bus___________ baby_____________ fox__________ dish_________ tomato________ hero_____________ 二.用所给单词的正确形式填空 1.Give me two_________(glass) of milk, please. 2.How many ___________(people)are there in your family.

(完整)初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

(课时:2) 一.介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。 二.名词的分类: ( 人名,地名,机构 ) William,Linda, Canada,China,the United Nations, WTO 可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个) 和复数(两个以上). 不可数名词: 只有单数. 物质名词 milk, water, tea, bread,beef, meat, rice, fish, coffee,sugar, salt 抽象名词 information, friendship, knowledge, work, advice, science, news, weather 三.重点: 1. 一般情况下,加“s”. eg: books,stamps, pens, tables 2.以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的,加“es” eg: buses, boxes, foxes, watches, matches, beaches, coaches, brushes 3.以“o ”, 结尾的,加“es ”or “s ” eg: Negroes [?ni:gr??]、 heroes、 volcanoes [v?l?ke?n??]、 tomatoes、 potatoes、 radios、 pianos、 zoos、 photos、 bamboos、video 需加es的记忆技巧:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)在火山上(volcano)爱吃西红柿(tomato) 和土豆(potato) 4.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es ”. eg: city -- cities, country -- countries, family -- families, story -- stories 5. 以“f”或“fe”结尾的,把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。 eg: thief—thieves wife—wives life -- lives half—halves leaf -- leaves, knife -- knives,wolf – wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves 记忆技巧:贼人(thief)的妻子(wife)在她一生(life)中用半(half)片树叶(leaf) 当刀子(knife)杀死了七匹狼(wolf)然后去偷架子(shelf)上的面包(loaf)。 6)不规则变化:

名词的数与格

名词的数与格 【概念引入】 名词是表示人,事物和抽象概念的词,在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词;可数名词和不可数名词等。 【用法讲解】 ?名词的数。 1. 可数名词与不可数名词。 (1)可数名词 ①可以用数字计数的名词,称为可数名词。可数名词有单数形式和复数形式。 例如:book (单数)books (复数) ②可数名词可以被冠词a/ an修饰。 例如:a book 一本书an English dictionary 一本英语词典 ③可数名词表示具体数量时,如果数量超过一个,可以直接用基数词修饰。 例如:two books 两本书four boys 四个男孩 ④可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数形式要随着名词的单复数形式而变化。 例如:Her friend is from Australia. 她的朋友来自澳大利亚。 Her friends are from Australia. 她的朋友们来自澳大利亚。 ⑤常用来修饰可数名词的词有:few, a few, many, some, any, a lot of, lots of 等。 例如:I have many friends. 我有很多朋友。 There are some flowers on the table. 桌子上有一些花。 (2)不可数名词 ①不能用数字计数,必须通过容量等计量单位来表示量的名词,是不可数名词。不可数名词没有 单数形式和复数形式的区别。 例如:air 空气(正确)airs 空气(错误) ②不可数名词的前面不能用不定冠词修饰。 例如:bread 面包(正确) a bread 一片面包(错误) ③不可数名词的量的变化要通过修饰它的词的单复数变化来表示。 例如:a glass of water 一杯水two glasses of water 两杯水 a piece of paper 一张纸two pieces of paper 两张纸 ④不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数形式。 例如:Water is important to us. 水对我们来说很重要。 ⑤常用来修饰不可数名词的词有:little, a little, much, some, any, a lot of, lots of。 例如:There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。 There is some milk in the glass. 杯子里有一些牛奶。 2.可数名词复数的变化。 可数名词的复数形式有规则变化和不规则变化两种形式: 规则变化遵循以下规律: (1)一般情况下,许多名词的复数形式是在名词的后面加字母s。 例如:boy-boys book-books pen-pens pencil-pencils (2)以字母s,x,sh,ch结尾的名词,在单词的后面加-es。 例如:class-classes watch-watches box-boxes (3)以辅音字母+y结尾的单词,把y变为i再加-es。 例如:baby-babies family-families。 (4.)部分以字母“o”结尾的单词变复数时加— es。 这种情况只适用于少数几个单词 例如:hero-heroes(英雄)Negro-Negroes(黑人) potato-potatoes tomato-tomatoes 可以用口诀:“两个人吃两个菜”来记忆 (5.)以字母f或者fe结尾的单词,先把字母f/fe变为字母v再加-es。 例如:leaf-leaves。 有些名词的复数是不规则变化 例如:child-children man-men tooth-teeth foot-feet sheep-sheep deer-deer 这些不规则变化需要在以后的学习中不断总结和积累。 ?名词的所有格。

(完整版)初中英语名词练习题

初中英语名词练习题 ㈠、基本型 写出下列名词的复数形式: 1. pencil-box ___________ 2. wife _______ 3. Sunday________ 4. city______ 5. dress _______ 6. Englishman ________ 7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________9. zoo ________ 10. exam________ 11. German __________ 12. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day. ㈡、提高型来源: 1.June 1st is ____ Day all over the world. A. Child’s B. Childs’ C. Children’s D. Childrens’ 2.September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn’t it? A. Teacher’s B. Teachers’ C. Teacher D. Teacher of 3.They like Chinese _____. A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people 4.Lucy and I go to school _____ every day. A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses 5. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____. A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows 6. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____? A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news 7.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there. A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans 8.That bus driver drank two _____.

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