主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如：
a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。
b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。
c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型)
d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型)
2. 用it 作形式主语的结构
(1) It is + 名词+ 从句
It is a fact that …事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸
It is common knowledge that …是常识
(2) It is + 形容词+ 从句
It is natural that…很自然…
It is strange that…奇怪的是…
(3) It is + 不及物动词+ 从句
It seems that…似乎…
It happened that…碰巧…
It appears that…似乎
(4) It + 过去分词+ 从句
It is reported that…据报道…
It has been proved that…已证实…
It is said that…据说…
3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况：
(1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。
(2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.
错误表达：That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.
(3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.
错误表达：That he failed in the examination occurred to him.
(4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.
错误表达：Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.
(5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。例如：
正确表达：Is it likely that it will rain in the evening?
错误表达：Is that will rain in the evening likely?
4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语.宾语.表语，而that 则不然。例如：
a) What you said yesterday is right.
b) That she is still alive is a consolation
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词(及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that
通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that be joined the army. 我听说他参军了。
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
a) She did not know what had happened.她不知道发生了什么。
b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me.我想知道你是否能帮我改一下笔记。
(3) 动词+间接宾语+宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.她对我说她会接受我的邀请。
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate with one another.我们的成功取决于我们之间的合作。
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.我恐怕我已经犯了一个错误。
注意：that 引导的从句常跟在下列形容词后作宾语：anxious, aware,
certain, confident, convinced, determined, glad, proud, surprised, worried,
sorry, thankful, ashamed, disappointed, annoyed, pleased, hurt, satisfied,
content 等。也可以将此类词后的that 从句的看作原因状语从句。
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。
例如：
We heard it that she would get married next month. 我听说她下个朋就会结婚了。
5. 后边不能直接跟that 从句的动词
这类动词有allow, refuse, let, like, cause, force, admire, condemn, celebrate,
dislike, love, help, take, forgive等。这类词后可以用不定式或动名词作宾语，但不可以用that引导的宾语从句。如：
正确表达：I admire their winning the match.
错误表达：I admire that they won the match.
6. 不可用that从句作直接宾语的动词
有些动词不可用于“动词+间接宾语+that从句“结构中，常见的有envy, order, accuse, refuse,impress, forgive, blame, denounce, advise, congratulate等。例如：
正确表达：He impressed the manager as an honest man.
错误表达：He impressed the manager that he was an honest man.
7. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
三. 表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语+连系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。引导表语从句的that常可省略。另外，常用的还有the reason is that…和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is whether we can make good preparation in such ashort time.
2) This is why we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus.
四. 同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised
all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the
general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分(主语或宾语)，而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述定的性质或特征;同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.(他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。)(第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语)
2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.(汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。)(同位语从句，that 在句中不作任何成分)
高中英语名词性从句专项练习
1.____he does has nothing to do with me.
A. whatever
B. No matter what
C. That
D. If
2. The manager came over and asked the customer how____
A. did the quarrel came about B .the quarrel had come about
C. had the quarrel come about
D. had the quarrel come about
no matter what 只能引导让步状语从句不可以引导名词性从句。如：No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friend who cheers me up .不管什么时候我不开心了，总是我的朋友使我振奋起来。. whatever既可以引导B
3. Energy is ____makes thing work..
A. what
B. something
C. anything
D. that
4. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.
A. while
B. that
C. when
D. as
5. This is ___the Shenzhou V Spaceship landed.
A. there
B. in which
C. where
D. when
6. They have no idea at all____.
A. where he has gone
B. where did he go
C. which place has he gone
D. where has he gone
7. The doctor did a lot to reduce the patient’s fear ____he would
die of the disease.
A. that
B. which
C. of which
D. of that
8. The order came ___the soldiers ____the small village the next
morning.
A. that ;had to leave
B. that; should leave
C. /; must leave
D. when; should leave
9. ___is no possibility ____Bob can win the first prize in the match.
A. There; that
B. It; that
C. there; whether
D. It; whether
10. The question came up at the meeting_____ we had enough money for
our research.
A. that
B. which
C. whether
D. if
11. Is _____he said really true?
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. whether
12.____the meeting should last two days or three days doesn’t
matter.
A. That
B. Whether
C. If
D. Where
13. It worried her a bit _____her hair was turning gray.
A. while
B. if
C. that
D. for
14. ???_____more countries can use natural energy in the future
remains to be seen.
A. Whether
B. This
C. who
D. If
15.____he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A. What
B. That
C. Whether
D. If
16. ____you don’t like him is none of my business.
A. What
B. That
C. Who
D. How
17.____all the inventions have in common is ____they have succeeded.
A. What; what
B. That; that
C. what; that
D. That ; what
18. ____appeared to me that he enjoyed the food very much.
A. What
B. It
C. All that
D. That
19. It is widely ______that smoking can cause cancer.
A. believed
B. think
C. say
D. hoped
20. ____caused the accident is still a complete mystery.
A. What
B. That
C. How
D. Where
Keys:
1—5 ABABC 6—10 AABAC 11—15 BBCAB 16—20 BCBAA
第二章“It”用法及其句型和固定搭配讲解
"It" 用法及其句型和固定搭配，是高中英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年高考的热点，因此应给予充分的重视，现将it用法归纳如下：
一、It用作实词
表达以下概念:指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that;替代前文中的内容;指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人;指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事;指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象……
二、It用作形式主语
替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式主语的常见句型：
1. 代作主语的动词不定式，其句型为
(1) It be adj. (for sb.) to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述事件的形容词：easy, difficult, hard,
necessary, unnecessary, possible, impossible, likely, unlikely, right, wrong,
important, unimportant, legal, illegal, well-mannered, ill-mannered, polite,
impolite, clear, obvious, certain, suitable, proper, fit, useful, useless,
dangerous…
例It is illegal (for a teenager) to drive a car without a license.
(2) It be adj. of sb. to do sth.
此处adj. 通常为描述人的形容词：kind, unkind, nice, rude,
cruel, considerate, thoughtful, thoughtless, careful, careless, silly, foolish,
stupid, clever, wise, crazy.
例It's kind of you to help me with the problem.
(3) It替代作主语的动名词的常见句型
It's no good/use doing…
It's (well)worth doing…
It's (well)worth one's while doing/to do…
It's (well)worth while doing/ to do
例It's no use crying over spilt milk.
2. It替代作主语的从句常见句型
(1) It is + noun +从句
例It is no secret that the president wants to have a second term at
office.
(2) It is adj. +clause
It's surprising that…(should)………竟然……
It's a pity/shame that…(should)………竟然……
例It's important that you should apologize to her for your
rudeness.(=It's of much importance that you should apologize to her for your
rudeness.)
(3) It verb sb. + clause= It is v-ing + clause
It+surprise/delight/interest/disappoint/worry/disturb/annoy/amaze
/bother/concern/frighten/please/anger sb. that…
例It worried me that she drove so fast.(= It was worrying that she
drove so fast.)
(4) It verb (to sb.) that…= sb/sth verb to do
(verb = appear, seem, come about, emerge, follow, chance, happen,occur, transpire, turn out , work out) 例It (so) happened/chanced that they were out.(= They happened/chanced to be out.)
(5) It is v-ed that…=sb/sth is to do
(verb=say, report, think, believe, hope, expect, agree, accept,decide, determine, intend, plan, understand, know)
例It is said that the couple have gotten divorced.(=The couple are said to have gotten divorced.)
三、It作主语的句型
1. It takes sb. … to do…(=sb takes…to do…)某人用多长时间做某事
例It took the men a week to mend our roof.(= The men took a week to
mend our roof.)
2. It's (just)(un)like sb. to do…(不)像某人做某事的风格
例It was (just) like him to think of helping us.
3. It's (about/high) time that… should /v-ed…是该做某事的时候了
例It's(about/high) time that we should take action.
4. It's the x-th time (that) … have v-ed…第几次做某事了
例It's the third time that he has failed the driving test.
5. It is/has been… since …continuous v-ed(延续性动词) 某动作已有多长时间不发生了例It's 10 years that he lived here
6. It was(not)… before…过(不)了多长时间某动作发生了
例It was not long before they arrived.
四、It 作形式宾语
用来替代作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作宾语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。
It 作形式宾语的常见句型：
1. verb+ it+ adj./noun (for/of) to do/clause (verb=think, believe,suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)
例I think it hard for you to do the task on your own./I think it hard that you'll do the task on your own.
2. verb+it+adj./noun (one's) doing
(adj.=useless/worth/worthwhile)(noun=no use/no good/worth one's while/a waste
of time/money/energy/words) (verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel,
make, keep…)
例I'll make it worth your while telling me about his secret.
3. verb+it+important/unimportant/necessary/unnecessary/natural/essential that … (should)…verb+it+of much/great/no/little importance that…(should)…(verb=think, believe, suppose, consider, feel, make, keep…)例I think it important that you (should) attendthe conference.
4. verb + it+ as+ noun/adj.+ clause (verb=accept, regard, take, see,
view)
例The lecturer takes it as encouraging when so many students attend
his lecture.
5. v. +it + prep. + that…
owe it to sb. that…把…归功于…
leave it to sb that…把…留给某人去做
ta ke it for granted that …想当然
keep it in mind that…
例Don't bother to arrange anything. Just leave it to me to sort out.
6. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的动词后面，尤其是表示好恶的动词后，enjoy,
like, love, dislike, resent, hate, don't mind, be fond of, feel like, see to 宾语从句紧跟it之后例I hate it you can swim so well and I can't.
7. It用在不能直接跟宾语从句的介词后面，宾语从句紧跟it之后(except that例外)
例I'm for it that you will follow their advice.
五、强调句型It is/was+被强调部分+ that(who)… 强调句型用来强调谓语动词以外的任何句子成分。当被强调部分是人时也可以用who。
在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：
1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句例When was it that he changed his mind to take part in the activity?
2. 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由because所引导的从句例It was because he was ill that he didn't come to school yesterday.
3. 在强调not … until结构时必须把not与until一起放到被强调的位置上例It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she
was my brother. 4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别例It was at 7 o'clock that he came here yesterday.( 强调句型)It was 7 o'clock when he came here yesterday.(定语从句)
六、It 常用的固定搭配 1. make it(1).在口语当中相当于succeed,表示：成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例It's hard to make it to the top in show business.(2).在口语中相当于fix the date for,表示“约定好时间”例—Shall we meet next week?—OK. We just make it next Saturday.
2. as it is(1).相当于in fact, in reality表示“事实上，实际情况是……”例We had planed to finish the task today, but as it is we probably
won't finish it until next week.(2).相当于方式状语从句，表示“照原样”
例Leave the table as it is.
3. as it were 相当于as one might say, that is
to say, 表示“也就是说，可以说，换句话说”例He is, as it were, a modern Sherlock Holmes. 4. if it weren't for…/if it hadn't been for…用来引导虚拟语气，相当于without, or but for, 表示“如果不是……，要不是……”例If it weren't for Tom, I wouldn't be alive today.
5. that's it(1). 相当于That's all. That's so much. 表示“至此为止，没有别的了”例You can have one more sweet, and that's it.(2). 相当于That's right.表示“对啦”例—I guess the key to the problem is thechoice “A”—That's it.
6. catch it 在口语中，相当于be punished/scolded for
doing sth. wrong. 表示“因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚”
例We'll really catch it form our teacher if we're late for class
again.
7. have it
(1).相当于say, insist表示“说，主张，表明，硬说”
例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced.
(2).相当于get to know something,表示“了解，知道，获悉”
例I had it from John that she was going abroad.
8. have what it takes在口语中，相当于be well
qualified for, 表示“具有成功的条件”例You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a star.9. so it seems / appears.10. Keep at it! (Don't give up!)相当于go on,表示“继续做，不放弃”例My teacher asked me to keep at it.
12. Now you have done it! (You have done sth. wrong.)13. Now you'll catch it! (You'll be punished.)
14. As it happened, … 在口语中，相当于it's a pity
that…, 表示“真不凑巧，真遗憾”
例As it happened, they were out.
15. As it turned out,…在口语中，相当于it was found
to be in the end, 表示“最后被证明是”
例As it turned out, his statement was false.
16. Such as it is(they are) 在口语中，相当于although
it may not be worth much, 表示“虽然没有多大价值”
例You can borrow my exam notebook, such as it is.
17. Take it/things easy. 相当于Don't worry or
don't hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示“不要慌，别担心，存住气”例Take it easy! He will do it well.
名词性从句之主语从句讲解
名词性从句---主语从句 1. What is needed for the space trip is careful preparation. 2. Her wish is that she can lose weight soon. 3. I think that woman can reach every high achievements in many fields of science. 4. We were very excited at the news that our team had won. 引导名词性从句的关联词可分为三类： 一．从属连词：that（无任何词意） whether, if（均表示“是否”表明从句内容的不确定性） as if ,as though（均表示“好像”，“似乎”）以上在从句中均不充当任何成分二．连接代词：what, who, whom, which，whose, whatever, whoever, whichever(作主宾表定) 三．连接副词：when, where, how, why(作状语) I.主语从句 1.定义：在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 2.位置：主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 3.引导主语从句的关联词： (1)从属连词that,whether,if (在从句中不充当成分，仅起连接作用) That Jack won the match yesterday surprised us. Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear. (此处不能用if) (2)连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which, whoever, whatever, whichever(充当主宾表定) What she did is not known. Whoever comes is welcome. (3)连接副词where,when,how,why(在从句中充当状语) How this happened is not clear to anyone. When the meeting will be held is decided by our manager. 4.有时为了避免头重脚轻，常用it作形式主语，而把真正主语放在句子末尾。 How the book will sell depends on its author. = It depends on its author how the book will sell. That he is the best student in the class is obvious. = It is obvious that he is the best student in the class. 用it作形式主语的几种常见结构： (1) It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) It is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that… 很自然It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) It is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It ap pears that… 似乎… (4) It ＋过去分词＋从句
(完整)高中英语主语从句练习题
主语从句练习题 一．翻译 1．(谁将去接他)_______________________________________________ is not decided. 2．(哪个班极会赢得这场足球赛)__________________________________ is not clear . 3．(他能否买到飞机票)______________________________________ doesn’t matter much. 4．(我们如何去那里)__________________________________________ is a question. 5．(你刚才告诉我的)_______________________________________ was really a surprise. 6．(他什么时候出国)_______________________________________ is being discussed 7．(他为什么哭)___________________________________________ is not clear. 8．It is clear______________________________________________(他是一个乞丐). 9．(你要请谁)______________________________________________ is not important. 10．(我们将在哪里举行篮球赛)____________________________________ is not clear. 二．找出下列句子中的主语从句及其引导词，并且指出引导词是否充当成分，充当什么成分。 1. That we shall be late is certain. 2. That the driver could not control his car was obvious. 3. It is certain that we shall be late. 4. It was obvious that the driver could not control his car. 5. Is it possible that they will come tomorrow？ 6. It is clear that he was telling the truth. 7. It’s probable that we’ll be a little late. 8. What caused the accident is a complete mystery. 9. It worried her a bit that her hair was turning grey. 10. It shocked me that Peter didn’t tell anybody where he was. 11. Who was responsible for the accident is not yet clear. 12. It’s a pity that you can’t go with us. 13. What he did is not yet known. 14. It is said that he has been there many times. 15. It is not yet clear who was responsible for the accident. 16. When they will have the sports meet is still a question. 17. It seems that he has lost something. 18. What he said at the meeting encouraged everyone. 19. What caused the accident was a broken bottle. 20. It remains a problem whether it is true. 21. Whoever breaks the law is sure to be punished. 22. What she looks like doesn’t matter.
主语从句做主语
主语从句做主语，主句谓语动词的单复数需根据从句表示的单复数意义决定。1．what引导的主语从句做主语 （1）通常情况下，由what引导的主语从句放在句首时，其后的谓语动词，按语法一致的原则用单数。eg:What she said is correct. What caused the accident is not clear. （2）当主句中的表语是复数形式，或what从句的谓语动词及其补足语均为复数形式时，主句的谓语动词应用复数。eg:What he gave me are five English books. What are used as chief building materials today are steel and concrete. （3）当what引导的主语从句是一个由and连接的并列结构时，应根据句意确定其表达的单复数意义，然后决定主句谓语动词的单复数形式。 eg:What he says and acts does not concern me. What he says and acts do not agree. What I say and what I think are no business of yours. 2．由其它词引导的从句做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Whether they will hold a party or not has not been decided. Who is responsible for the accidents is not clear. 3．当同一个主语从句是由两个不同的引导词引导时，因为它表达的还是同一件事，因此，谓语动词一般用单数。 eg:When and where we should hold the meeting has not been decided yet. 4．当主语是由两个由and连接的主语从句组成，通常表示的是两件不同的事情，主句谓语动词需用复数形式。 What you eat and how much you exercise are important factors in a weight loss program. What caused the accident and who was responsible for it remain a mystery to us.
主语从句详解及练习-附答案
语法要点剖析 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副 词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。例如： What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名 作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句（2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句（4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that… 2. 宾语从句 名词句用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句表语从句的关联词大致一样，在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。 1. 由连接词that引导的宾语从句 由连接词that引导宾语从句时，that在句中不担任任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去，但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。例如：He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow.他已经告诉我他明天要去 上海。 We must never think (that) we are good in everything while others are good in nothing. 我们决不能认为自己什么都好，别人什么都不好。
高考英语主语从句讲解
高考英语主语从句 定义：用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。主语从句的时态：不受主句的时态影响和限制。引导主语从句的连接词有： 从属连词: that, whether； 连接代词: who (whoever), whom, whose, what (whatever)和which (whichever)； 连接副词: when, where, how和why。 连接词： 1. 从属连词：that，whether 1）that引导主语从句只起引导作用，在主语从句中不充当任何成分，that本身无实际意义，但不能省略。2）whether意为“是否”，放在句首句末皆可。由whether引导的名词从句做主语，表语，介词宾语，同位语时！不可用if代替。 a.That price will go up is certain. b. Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 2. 连接代词who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可以和ever构成合成词，和what一样引导从句，ever起到强调作用。此类主语从句不能用形式主语it引导，它们在句子中担任成分，不能省略，语序为陈述语序，既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。 Which side will win is not clear. Whoever breaks the law will be punished. Whatever he did is right. Who killed the scientist remains a question. 1）What和that引导的主语从句的区别：that 只起引导作用，不充当任何成分，没有意思。What 不仅起引导作用，还要充当一定成分(主语、宾语或表语)，意思是：“什么”。 What we need is money. That he will come is certain. 2）whatever / whoever的用法（~ever=no matter ~---让步状语从句中） whatever / whoever可以引导主语从句,并在句中作主语、宾语、表语等,不含疑问意义。whatever相当于anything that; whoever 相当于anyone who。例如: Whoever(Anyone who) wants to enter into this school must take the exam. Whatever(Anything that) she did was right. 3. 连接副词when，where，how，why等。既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分。How this happened is not clear to anyone. When he will be back depends on the weather. When we’ll start tomorrow will be told soon. Where the test will be given is not yet decided. 4. 主语从句后置：为了避免主语冗长,句子头重脚轻,经常用it 作形式主语,主语从句放在后面作真正的主语. 例: That we shall be late is certain. -- It’s certain that we shall be late. 1）用it 作形式主语的结构 A. It + be + 形容词+ that 从句 (obvious, true, surprising, good, wonderful, funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc.) 如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam. B. It + be + 名词词组+ that 从句(an honour, a fact, a pity, etc）如： It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是… It is a fact that… …是事实It is common knowledge that… …是常识 It’s a pity that we can’t go. C. It + be + 过去分词+ that 从句(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, etc。）如：It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing. D. It + 不及物动词或短语+ that 从句( seem，happen, doesn’t matter ,turn out）。如： It happened that I was out that day. It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 2) 对于以连接代词(副词)引导的主语从句,可以使用形式主语代主语从句,也可直接在句首使用主语从
考研英语主语从句翻译方法
考研英语主语从句翻译方法 一、关联词或从属连词位于句首的从句+主句谓语+其他成分 它们一般是译在句首，作为主从复合句的主语。这样的词有关联词what, which, how, why, where, who, whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever及从属连词that, whether, if.如：What we now will describe is how the magnetic nature of iron oxide can uniquely be exploited as a separation process utilizing a magnetic filtration system. 参考译文：现在我们所要介绍的是如何奇特地利用氧化铁的磁性而提出一种使用磁力过滤系统的分离法。 分析：其中关联词可译为：...所。 二、it+谓语+that(whether)引导的从句 如果先译主句，可以顺译为无人称句。有时也可先译从句，再译主句。如果先译从句，便可以在主句前加译"这"。如： It can be seen that precleaning alone would not reduce the total sulfur content of the four coals to levels anywhere near the standards. 参考译文：可以看出，这四种煤的总含硫量仅靠预先洗选将不能降低到完全接近标准规定的水平。 It is a matter of common experience that bodies are lighter in water than they are in air. 分析：有时为了使译文成分完整，可以补充上泛指的主语（如人们...、大家...）。 参考译文：物体在水中比在空气中轻，这是一种大家共有的经验。类似的结构还有：it is (universally) known that...大家都知道...it is believed that...人们都相信...
高考英语专项复习主语从句详解
主语从句详解 一、概述 在句子中起名词作用的各种从句统称为名词性从句.根据它们在句中的语法作用, 这类从句又可分为主语从句、同位语从句、表语从句和宾语从句. 二、主语从句主要有四类 （1）由连词that引导的主语从句:引导词that无含义/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 例如：That you will win the medal seems unlikely. That you are so indifferent bothers me. That she survived the accident is a miracle. （2）用连词 whether 引导的主语从句: whether有含义(是否)/在句中不做成分/不可以省. 注意：引导主语从句, 不能用if, 只能用whether. 例如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. Whether she is coming or not doesn’t matter too much. （3）用连接代词引导的主语从句 在由连接代词who, whose, whom, which, what, whoever, whomever, whichever, whatever引导的名词性从句中, 其连接代词在句中起名词性作用, 担当一定成分. 例如：What you need is more practice. What I want to know is this. Whatever we do is to serve the people. 注：whatever / whoever的功用
as 引导定语从句, 在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语
as的用法: (as引导定语从句,在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语) (1)如为限制性的，多用于the same …as ; the same as；such …as …; as many/muchas；so …as等结构中。如： 1. I have the same book as you (have).我有一本和你的一样的书。 Her attitude to him was quite the same as it had always been. (关系代词as和指示代词same连用,在从句中用作表语,先行词是same.) 2.---Why didn't you mention that in face of the police just now? --- I thought it was such a minor detail as was hardly worth mentioning. We will only discuss such problems as have something to do with our own interests.Don't do such things as you are not sure about. There is no such place as you dream of in all this world. 比较： I live in the same house that he used to live in. I'm wearing the same shirt as you wore yesterday. 比较： Here is so big a stone as no one can lift.（定语从句） Here is so big a stone that no one can lift it.（结果状语从句） (2)如为非限制性的，多单独引导一个定语从句，这种定语从句可置于句首，句中或句尾，译为"正如，这一点"。（动词常为know, see, expect, point out, etc.） 1. As we all know, smoking is harmful to one's health . (as作宾语) =As is known to all, smoking is harmful to one's health .（as作主语）
主语从句例句
主语从句 一、翻译下列句子 1.That he is still alive is a wonder. 2.That we shall be late is certain. 3.That he should have ignored the working class was natural. 4.That you are coming to London is the best news 5.Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 6.Whether they would support us was a problem. 7.Whether they would support us was a problem. 8.When we arrive doesn't matter. 9.When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 10.How it was done was a secret 11.How this happened is not clear to anyone. 12.How many people we are to invite is still a question. 13.Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 14.What we need is money. 15.What I want to know is this. 16.What he says is not important. 17.What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 18.What struck me was that they have all suffered a lot. 19.It's a pity that he didn't come. 20.It is important that he should know about this. 21.It's unfair that so many people should lose their jobs. 22.It's amazing that she should have said nothing about it. 23.It's unthinkable that they should deny my request. 24.It seems that you are right. 25.It was clear his words pleased her. 26.It doesn’t matter much where we live. 27.It was a problem whether they would support us. 28.It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 29.It is said that he’s got married. 30.It is believed that he will win the match. 31.It is reported that Chinese team got 102 golden medals. 32.Whoever pollutes the environment should be punished. 33.Whatever he did was right.
当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为be
当主句的主语和从句的主语一致时且谓语动词为be，常省略从句的主语和be 动词. 省略的条件: (1)从句中被省略的主语必须与主句的主语一致,或者是it；(2)谓语动词必须含有be；(3)从句必须与主语和be动词一起省去，不可只省略主语而保留整个谓语，也不可只保留主语而省略谓语。 1. 由when/while/as/once/whenever/as soon as引导的时间状语从句 例：Please come here as soon as（it is）possible. While （I was——walking in the rain, I heard my name called. 我在雨中漫步时，听到有人叫我的名字。 由if/unless引导的条件状语从句例：She won’t come to party unless（she is）invited.由though/although/even if/even though引导的让步状语从句 例：He is very good at painting, though（he is）very young. T hough（he was）exhausted, he stayed up late. 尽管疲惫不堪，他仍很晚才睡。由because引导的原因状语从句 例：He was praised because （he was）brave. 5. 由wherever/where引导的地点状语从句 例：Fill in the blanks with articles where（it is）necessary. 从句和主句中相同或大体相同部分都可以省略 例：The sooner, the better. 越早越好。 She is as tall as I. 她和我一样高。 由as if/as though/as 引导的方式状语从句 例：The boy looked as if（he was）afraid of nothing. I wonder why he didn’t do as（he was）told to. 比较状语从句省略相同的部分： 例：She likes reading better than (she likes) going to parties. He has lived here longer than I (has lived). In winter it is colder in Beijing than（it is）in Guangzhou.
主语从句详解及练习_附答案
高二年级语法要点剖析（李翌洋） 一、名词性从句 主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句，在整个句子中所起的作用，相当于一个名词。因此，这四种从句通称为名词性从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类： 连接词：that, whether, if （不充当从句的任何成分） 连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which. 连接副词：when, where, how, why 1. 主语从句 作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。主语从句通常由从属连词that，whether，if 和连接代词what，who，which，whatever，whoever以及连接副词how，when，where，why等词引导。that在句中无词义，只起连接作用；连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用，在从句中充当从句的成分。 例如： （1）What he wants to tell us is not clear. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。 It is known to us how he became a writer. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。 注意：有时为避免句子头重脚轻，常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首，而把主语从句置于句末。主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。常用句型如下： （1）It + be + 名词+ that从句 （2）It + be + 形容词+ that从句 （3）It + be + 动词的过去分词+ that从句 （4）It + 不及物动词+ that 从句 另注意在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等语气时，谓语动词要用虚拟语气“(should) +do”，常用的句型有： It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that … It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, etc.) that… It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…
主语从句详细讲解及综合练习
主语从句 一、概念：在复合句中起主语作用得从句叫主语从句。 （一）连接词 从属连词：that、whether； 关系代词：who, what, which , whom, whose, whatever, whoever, whomever, whichever； 关系副词：when, where, how, why, however, whenever, wherever等； 例：What he said is true、 That you don’t like him is none of my business、 Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather、 主语从句得时态：不受主句得时态影响与限制。 （1）______ he finished writing the composition in such a short time ______(惊讶) us all、（2）______we will go for an outing tomorrow ______（remains，remained）unknown、（3）______ will be our monitor ______(be) decided yet、 （4）______we must study for ______ (be) a question of great importance、 （5）______ caused the accident ______（remains，remained）unknown、 （6）______ you did ______ (be)right、 （7）______ watch ______(be) lost is unknown、 （8）______we need ______(be) time、 （9）______ we need ______(be) good doctors、 小结: （1)主语从句得时态：不受主句得时态影响与限制。 （2)连词位于句首不能省略（3)主语从句大多数情况下视为三单,但也有例外,如例9 1、从属连词that，whether引导得主语从句。 从属连词that，whether在主语从句中得作用只就是引导主语从句，在从句中不担任成分，不能省略。 例：__________ they will go is certain、 __________ she will come or not is still a question、 __________ she's coming or not doesn't matter too much、 2、it作形式主语引导主语从句。 如果主语从句太长，为避免句子结构头重脚轻，我们可用it作形式主语，而把主语从句放在主句谓语部分之后。That引导得主语从句可用it代替，that 不可省略。 用作it作形式主语得结构： （1）It is/was +形容词+that 从句 It’s natural that…很自然……It’s obvious that …显而易见…… It’s fortunate that …幸运得就是It’s (im)possible…（不）可能…… It’s unlikely that…不可能It’s strange that…奇怪得就是…… （2）It is/was +名词+that 从句 It’s a pity that…遗憾得就是……It’s a fact that …事实就是…… It’s good news that…就是好消息……It’s a wonder that…不足为奇…… It’s an honour that…非常荣幸……It’s a shame that…真就是可耻…… It’s common knowledge that …就是常识… （3）It +不及物动词+that 从句 It seems that…似乎……It happened that…碰巧…… It appears that…瞧来……It turns out that…结果…… （4）It is/was +过去分词+that 从句 It’s not known that………不得而知It’s said that…据说……
主语从句的用法 主语从句讲解
主语从句的用法主语从句讲解 一个句子在复合句中充当一个主语，那么这个句子就是主语从句。下面小编就给大家介绍主语从句的用法。 主语从句的用法 主语从句定义:在句子中担当主语的是一个从句,这个从句就叫做主语从句。 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it 代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that 事实是 It is good news that 是好消息 It is a question that 是个问题 It is common knowledge that 是常识
类似的名词还有：a pity;a wonder;a good thing; no wonder; surprise等。 例如：It is a mystery to me how it all happened. 这一切是怎么发生的是个谜。 It is common knowledge that the whale is not a fish. 鲸鱼不是鱼，这是常识。 It is no surprise that Bob should have won the game. 鲍勃会赢得这场比赛，这不足为奇。 It is +形容词+从句 It is necessary that 有必要 It is clear that 很清楚 It is likely that 很可能 It is important that 重要的是 类似的形容词还有：strange; natural; obvious; true; good; wonderful; possible; unlikely; quite; unusual; certain; evident; worth-while; surprising; interesting; astonishing, etc. 例如：It is obvious that conductors and insulators are both important in industry.
主语从句翻译练习
主语从句翻译练习 1. that引导（It is +n/adj./done+that…/That+Sentence） （1）That he is still alive is a wonder.他还活着，真是奇迹。 （2）That he should have ignored the working class was natural.他忽视工人阶级（the working class）是很自然的。 （3）That she became an artist may have been due to her father’s influence. 她成为画家可能是受她父亲的影响。 （4）That the earth moves around the sun is known to all. 众所周知,地球围绕太阳转。。 （5）That we shall be late is certain.我们要晚了，这是确定无疑的。 2. whether引导 (1)Whether it will do us harm remains to be seen. 它是否对我们有害还要看一看。 (2)Whether they would support us was a problem. 他们是否会支持我们还是一个问题。 (3)It doesn`t matter much whether we go together or separately. 我们是一起去还是分头（separately）去都没关系。 (4)Whether it will rain or not has not heard.下不下雨还没听说。 (5) whether we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather 明天我们是否去露营取决于天气。 3. 连接代词引导(whoever,whatever,whichever，which+n) (1) Whichever (of you) comes in first will receive a prize. 无论哪个先到都可以得奖。 (2)Whichever you want is yours. 你要哪个哪个就是你的。 (3)Whoever wants to enter this school must take the exam. 任何想进入这所学校的人都必须参加这个考试。 (4)Whatever she did was right.无论她做什么都是对的。 (5)Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. 你决定买哪一辆车都不会有任何区别。 4. 连接副词引导(when,how,how many,where) (1) When we arrive doesn’t matter. →It doesn’t matter when we arrive. 我们什么时候到没有关系。 (2)How it was done was a mystery. 这是怎样做的还是一个谜。 (3)How this happended is not clear to anyone. 这件事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 (4) How many people we are to invite is still a question. →It is still a question how many people we are to invite. 我们要邀请多少人还是一个问题。 (5)Where I spend my summer is no business of yours. 我在哪里过暑假不（no business of）关你的事。 5. 关系代词型what引导 (1)What he wants is a new bicycle. 他想要的是一辆新自行车。 (2)What make the river more beautiful are the lotus plants growing in the water. 为河水增色的是水里的荷花(the lotus plants)。