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unit 6

unit 6
unit 6

Unit 6 Women, Half the Sky

Global Reading

Detailed Reading

Ⅰ. Difficult Sentences

1. (Para. 1) We did have a Wiffle-ball set, but you would have been hard-pressed to find it in our

playroom.

1. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

(=我们确实有一套空心棒球,但是很难在我们的游戏室找到。)

2. Analyze the sentence pattern.

This sentence is a concessive clause with an emphatic “did”.

For example:

1) We did surf the Internet for necessary information, but we didn’t find anything significant.

2) Contemporary women do enjoy lots of rights, but complete gender equality is still a dream

to be realized.

2. (Para. 1) Tomboys we weren't.

1. Paraphrase the sentence.

(=We weren’t boyish girls.)

2. Analyze the sentence pattern.

这个句子是个倒装句,起到的是强调“tomboys”这个宾语的作用。倒装句有很多用法。

例如:Little did he say at the meeting.

Out rushed the girl.

So happy did he feel.

Playboys they weren’t.

3. (Para. 3) The car I drove needed some work but I was afraid to take it to the mechanic.

1. What does “work” here refer to?

(=It refers to necessary repair or maintenance the car needed.)

2. Why was the author afraid to do so?

(=Because she didn’t know anything about engineering, not to mention how to fix a car.)

4. (Para. 6) I can't help shuddering when I hear about studies that show that women are at a

disadvantage when it comes to math.

1. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

(=听到有研究表明女性学数学处于劣势,我不禁不寒而栗。)

2. Why did the author shudder?

(=Because the studies clearly indicate that a normal woman can’t beat a man in the aspect of math, only abnormal ones could do well in math, but the author is really good at math.)

5. (Para. 7) Once you do, there's a strong chance you will enjoy it more than anything else.

1. Analyze this sentence:

once “一旦…”, 表示时间和条件。例如:

Once you understand this rule, you will have no further difficulty.

Once you decide to take action, there is nothing you will be afraid of.

2. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

(=一旦你学好了,你就很可能喜欢上它,从中得到无与伦比的乐趣。)

3. In your opinion, what kind of enjoyment could the author gain from this process?

(open-ended)

Tips: a sense of accomplishments

a strong sense of self-confidence

6. (Para. 9) I had moments of panic while sitting underneath the buzzing fluorescent lights in the

engineering library on Saturday afternoons, when I worried that the estrogen in my

body was preventing me from understanding thermodynamics.

1. What does the part “the estrogen in my body was preventing me from understanding

thermodynamics” refer to?

(=This part means being a woman may prevent the author from understanding a subject which is usually regarded as a male subject.)

2. Translate this sentence into Chinese.

(=星期六下午坐在工程图书馆吱吱作响的荧光灯下学习时,我也有过恐惧的时候,担心我体内的雌激素妨碍我理解热动力学。)

7. (Para. 9) No man is an island. No woman is, either.

1. What does “No man is an island” refer to?

(=This statement was said by an English poet named John Donne, which means no one can live an isolated life without being affected by others.)

2. What does “No woman is, either” mean?

(=In this sentence, by changing the famous quotation, the author consciously ignores the fact that “man” refers to all the human beings, the author focuses on “woman”. )

3. Can you make an example by using this technique?

(=Open-ended.

For example: There is no perfect man in the world, not to mention a perfect woman.)

8. (Para. 9) So I reminded myself that those studies, …that she has received since she was an

infant.

1. What does “cultural cues” refer to?

(=Cultural cues refer to indirect suggestions as to how to behave appropriately picked up

through observing others, in short, exterior atmosphere or nurture.)

2. What do the studies indicate?

(=They indicate that a woman’s ability is dependent on her nature, not on her nurture or her efforts.)

3. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

(=因此我提醒自己,宣称男性天生更能学好数学的研究是基于一个错误的前提,那就是认为人们可以脱离一个人从孩提时代就受到的社会的文化熏陶而径直判断她的能力。)

9. (Para. 10) I'm not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames,

and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain, and others

the left. But how relevant is that to me, or to anyone, as an individual?

Analyze the sentence structure:

(=I’m not denying that… but… 这个句型意思是“不能否认…但是…)

例如:

I’m not denying that Internet provides us with a virtual free access to countless information, but its obvious disadvantages should not be neglected.

与此类同的句型还有:

There is no denying that… but…

No one can deny the fact that… but…

10. (Para. 11) A woman can learn anything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do

it, and that takes a leap of faith. It also helps to have selective hearing.

1. What does “takes a leap of faith” mean?

(=It refers to “taking the risk of being wrong”.)

2. What does “selective hearing” mean?

(=It means that when people give your advice, you should decide by yourself on which one you would follow or ignore.)

3. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

(=但是女人首先需要知道她能学会,而这需要有敢冒风险而为的精神,同时听别人的话也得有所选择才行。)

Ⅱ. Words and Expressions

1.(Para. 2) ironic: adj. humorously sarcastic or mocking

*我如此拼命要守住的这个秘密,却被他们这么漫不经心的对待.

(=How ironic is it to have something I tried so desperately to keep secret treated so casually.)

* It is sadly ironic that in these modern times it still takes weapons to prevent war.

CF: sarcastic, satiric & ironic

这三个词都是形容词, 都有“讽刺的”之意。

sarcastic 指运用讥讽的、嘲笑的(方法、方式)。例如:

Must you always be so sarcastic when I ask you anything?

每当我问你时,你有必要总是这样嘲笑吗?

satiric 指喜好讽刺的、含有讽刺的。例如:

Gulliver’s Travels is a satiric book.

《格利弗游记》是一部讽刺小说。

ironic 指讽刺的、具有讽刺意味的。例如:

It was ironic that he should have been invited to play for the Scotland team on the very day that he broke his legs.

具有讽刺意味的是他正好在跌断腿的那一天收到了要为苏格兰队踢球的邀请。

2. (Para. 2) convert: vt. change the nature, purpose, or function of something

* The room was converted from a kitchen to a lavatory.

(=Many kinds of clean energy are converted into electricity, since they cause less environmental pollution.)

CF: reform, convert & revise

这三个词都是动词,都有“改良”、“改变”之意。

reform 指为除掉不完善、不圆满的东西而做的激烈变革。例如:

The Chinese government has reformed the pattern of economic construction.

中国政府改革了其经济建设的模式。

convert 指为了能适应新的用途或目的,而改变某一事物的性质或状态。例如:They converted the study into a nursery when the baby was born.

婴儿出生时他们把书房改成了育婴室。

revise 指先仔细考虑和检查,找出需要改正、改善的地方,然后进行必要的变动。例如:The dictionary has been completely revised.

这部词典已彻底修订过了。

3. (Para.6) disadvantage: n. the quality of having an inferior or less favorable position

* 没有适当的公共交通工具是很不方便的.

(=The lack of decent public transport is a great disadvantage.)

(=His lack of education was a disadvantage when he looked for a job.)

* But in the contest for really marketable skills, government will often be at a disadvantage.

Collocation:

at a disadvantage 处于不利地位,处于不利情况之下

put someone at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位

take someone at a disadvantage 攻其不备

to someone's disadvantage 对某人不利,对某人造成损害

4. (Para.6) imply: vt.

1) express or state indirectly

*The ads imply that by buying such products the consumer will gain something else such as happiness, respect and love.

(=I don't wish to imply that you are wrong.)

2) suggest as a logically necessary consequence

*自由不一定包含着责任。

(=Freedom does not necessarily imply responsibility.)

* Would that imply the end of China's era of rapid growth?

CF: indicate, imply & infer

这三个词都是动词, 都有“暗示” 之意。

indicate 指以某种方式明确地“指示”、“表示”。

imply 一般指通过非语言方式“暗示”、“暗指”等。

infer 指根据事实或推理进行“推断”、“推定(一个想法)”、“得到某事物的结论”之意。

(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.

1.From all evidence presented I _______ that Smith is guilty. (=infer)

2.His silence ___________ agreement. (=implies)

3.He put up his hand to ___________ his agreement. (=indicate)

4.Her refusal to answer _________ her guilt. (=implied)

5.Am I to _____ from your remarks that you think I’m not telling the truth. (=infer)

5. (Para.6) abnormal: adj. not normal; not typical or usual or regular

(=It was regarded as abnormal for a boy to be interested in ballet.)

* Global warming produces many abnormal weather conditions on a large scale.

NB:

英语中有很多前缀, “ab”就是一个前缀,它起源于古拉丁语,意思是off或away from,通常词典上用“脱、离、脱离”加以解释。前缀ab-仅有一种变体,即abs-,它用在以c, q和t 开头的词干前面,具有同样的释义。例如:

abnormal (ab+normal) 非常规的

abort (ab+ort, ort=be born) 夭折、中止

abuse (ab+use) 滥用

11. (Para. 6) stumble into:

1) fall into by accident, be involved into by accident

* 不一会儿他绊跌到捕熊人设的陷阱里。

(=In a moment he stumbled into a trap set by a bear-catcher.)

(=We stumble into a situation requiring more wisdom than we possess.)

2) step into accidently

* As young people stumble into society, they often face confusion and illusion.

* If he hadn’t stumbled into this project, he would not have been promoted.

6. (Para. 7) come to:

1) reach a state

(=After all those years, it comes to nothing.)

* If it comes to a fight, you can count on me.

2) be realized or be remembered

*他灵机一动, 计上心来.

(=The solution came to him in a flash.)

* I’ve forgotten her name, but maybe it’ll come to me later.

Collocation:

come through 度过

come down 失去财富或地位

come across 偶然遇到或找到

(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.

1. With the collapse of his company, he has really _______ in the world. (=come down)

2. I __________ my old college roommate in town today. (=came across)

3. Everybody breathed a sign of relief when Bob ________ the operation. (=came through)

7. (Para. 9) panic: n.

1) an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

(=I got into a panic when I found the door was locked.)

* The thought of flying fills me with panic.

2) sudden mass fear and anxiety over unexpected events

* There was an immediate panic when the alarm sounded.

*受灾地区发生的一系列余震引起人们的恐慌。

(= A series of aftershocks have hit the affected areas, causing panic.)

CF: alarm, panic & terror

这三个词作为名词时,都有“恐惧”之意。

alarm 表示由于突然意识到将要来临的危险而产生的惧怕。例如:

She stared at her husband in alarm.

她吃惊地瞪着自己的丈夫.

panic 表示被其征服的、非理性的,且常常无缘由的恐惧、恐慌。例如: The government didn’t want to start a panic on the Stock Exchange.

政府不想在股市制造恐慌.

terror 表示极度惊恐、畏惧或引起恐怖的人或事, 还可以表示使人感到害怕的某一想法、经历。例如:

She awakened in terror as the flaming roof came crashing down.

当燃烧的屋顶轰然塌下来的时候,她从惊吓中醒来。

8. (Para. 9) confidence: n. firm trust, feeling of certainty

(=Don't put too much confidence in what the papers say.)

* He answered the questions with confidence.

Collocation:

have confidence in 对…有信心

inspire confidence in 激起对…的信任

gain sb’s confidence 获得某人的信任

in confidence 必须保密

9. (Para.10) favor:

1. n. an act of gracious kindness, approval or support

(=Not everyone was in favor of this project.)

* A favor or gift, usually in the form of money, is given in return for service.

2. vt. tend to be in support of, be partial to

* Most people, in fact, favor the lessening of prejudice.

*你赞成他的开发计划吗?

(=Do you favor his development plan?)

Collocation:

owe sb. a favor 欠某人的情

return a favor 还某人的情

in favor of 同意, 支持

gain/win favor 得到赞同, 得到嘉许

10. (Para.11) leap:

1. n. a light, self-propelled movement upwards or forwards; an abrupt transition

* Even a small loss of output can lead to a big leap in the price.

*That's one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.

2. v. jump vigorously; move quickly

(=My heart leapt for joy at the news.)

* The youngest children were not able to make the imaginative leap into someone else's mind.

Collocation:

by leaps and bounds 非常快地

a leap in the dark 冒险举动

leap of faith 信仰不可捉摸

leap at chance 立刻抓住机会

CF: jump, leap & bound

这三个词都是动词,都有“跳”之意。

jump 是普通用语,指从地面或其他平面上双脚跳起,也指从一个地方跳到另一个地方。leap 比较正式和优雅,指以爆发力腾空跳起,或跳出很长距离。

bound 强调跨步大,速度快,也还有弹回的意思。

(Directions:) Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.

1.She was so excited that she _____________ up. (=jumped)

2.The ball struck the earth and _______ across the field. (=bounded)

3.Some monkeys can ______ four or five meters from one tree to another. (=leap)

4.If you can’t _______ the stream, they will bridge it. (=leap)

5.The mouse __________ out of its hole. (=jumped)

11. (Para.11) faith: n. trust; strong belief; unquestioning confidence

(=I still have faith in John despite his shortcomings.)

* I haven't much faith in this medicine.

Collocation:

break faith with 背弃,不守信

keep faith with 信守,不背弃

in good faith 真诚地,善意地

Ⅰ. Useful Expressions

1.把…改成convert…into…

2.对…一无所知don’t know the first thing about…

3.把…区分开来distinguish… from…

4.渴望独立be craving independence

5.不禁不寒而栗can’t help shuddering

6.处于劣势at a disadvantage

7.在…方面when it comes to…

8.偶然闯进stumble into

9.轻而易举地把它学好it comes easily to somebody

10.咬紧牙学好它grit your teeth to get good at it

11.极有可能there’s a strong cha nce that

12.把成绩提高到A pull the grade up to an A

13.恐惧的时候moments of panic

14.基于be based on

15.文化熏陶cultural cues

16.人不是孤岛。No man is an island

17.毫无疑问, 不可否认There’s no denying that…

18.与…相关联be relevant to

19.不容改变的结论hard and fast conclusions

20.生来就懂be born knowing

21.有敢冒风险而为的精神take a leap of faith

22.有所选择地听别人的话have a selective hearing

Ⅵ. Sentence Translation

1.The thought of answering other people's telephones, typing other people's work and

watching other people take credit for my ideas and opinions would throw me into week-long bouts of depression.

(=每当我想起给别人回电话、打字,看到我出的主意和见解却让别人去受益时,常常整个星期都会闷闷不乐。)

2.I steeled myself to travel the road that would lead me to a better understanding of who I was

and of what I wanted out of life.

(=我坚定地走下去,这条路将使我更好地了解自己,更好地认清自己生活的目的。) 3.And it's not so much the results of the action that have reshaped me (although that's

important, too) as it is the realization that I have within myself what it takes to do what I set out to do.

(=此外,给我带来新的生活的,与其说是自己努力取得的结果(虽然这也很重要),不如

说是由于意识到自己具有潜在的能力可以做自己想做的事。)

4.如今我感到自己更能主宰自己的命运,不再如风中的旗帜,随风飘荡。

(=I feel more in control these days and less like a flag on a breezy day, blowing this way or that depending on the wind.)

5.某一门课程难学,并不意味着你就不擅长它。你得咬紧牙加倍努力干,才能学好它。一

旦你学好了,你就很可能喜欢上它,从中得到无与伦比的乐趣。

(=Just because a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you are not good at it. You just have to grit your teeth and work harder to get good at it. Once you do, there's a strong chance you will enjoy it more than anything else.)

6.我申请参加这个暑期班,这倒不是因为我想当工程师,而是因为我渴望独立,想离开父

母的房子自己单独生活六周。

(=I applied to the program, not because I wanted to be an engineer, but because I was craving independence and wanted to get out of my parents' house for six weeks.)

7. 但有时,每当意识到别人对自己的期待时,我又会由于自我怀疑和对未来捉摸不定而感到心情沉重。

(=But sometimes, after realizing what was expected of me, I would be weighed down by self-doubt and uncertainty.)

Supplementary Reading

Ⅱ. Language Study

1. (Para.1) live for: regard as one's main reason for living

* He lived for his art.

她努力的目标就是可以有自己的公寓.

(=She lives for the day when she can have an apartment of her own.)

2. (Para.1) take/get/gain credit (for sth.): get honor, praise or approval

* I don't think they will try to take the credit for what you have done. They are decent people.

她并没有真正得到对她成功的赞誉.

(=She doesn't really get the credit for her success.)

3. (Para.3) How long could I live like this? Certainly not until I retired.

Translate the sentence into Chinese.

(=这样的生活我能维持多久?肯定不会到我退休之时.)

4. (Para.5) soak up: learn quickly and easily; absorb

*The dry earth soaked up the rain.

*青少年更容易吸收新的信息。

(=It's easier for young people to soak up new information.)

5. (Para.5) at every opportunity: whenever possible

*我尝试一有机会就讲法语。

(=I try to speak French at every available opportunity.)

*Although he was very busy at work, he tried to do more housework at home at every opportunity.

6. (Para.5) weigh down: make (sb.) worried, etc.

*她由于担心和劳累过度而疲于奔命。

(=She was weighed down by worry and overwork.)

* The responsibilities of the job are weighing her down.

7. (Para.8) And it's not so much the results of the action that have reshaped me (although

that's important, too) as it is the realization that I have within myself what it takes

to do what I set out to do.

1. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

(=此外,给我带来新的生活的,与其说是自己努力取得的结果(虽然这也很重要),不如说是由于意识到自己具有潜在的能力可以做自己想做的事。)

2. Analyze the sentence pattern.

“it is not so much… as it is…” 这个句型的意思是”与其说…还不如说…”. 例如:

* It is not so much advice as approval that he seeks.

他所寻求的与其说是忠告,不如说是赞扬。

* It is not so much the cold as the rain which makes the climate unpleasant.

与其说是冷,不如说是雨使气候令人不快。

8. (Para.8) in control: having the power to command, influence, or direct

* She may be old, but she's still in control of all that is happening.

*是谁在管理这个项目?

(=Who's in control of the project?)

Collocation:

out of control: 失去控制

under control: 在控制中

lose control of: 失去(对…的)控制

9. (Para.9) seek after: try to find or get

* The local government is seeking after the solutions to the current problems.

*他们是一群寻求成功的年轻毕业生。

(=They are a group of young graduates seeking after success in life.)

八下英语unit6作文

1 Resolutions are promises to yourself. They may help to make you a better person and to make your life easier. I am going to make four resolutions. The first resolution is about my own personal improvement. Next year, or maybe sooner, I am going to take up a new hobby. I think singing is a great activity so I am going to learn to sing. I think this will also make my family happy because they love to listen to music and sing together. The second resolution is about improving my physical health. I am going to try a new sport such as ping pong and play it two or three times a week. Playing more sports will help me to become healthier and I will not fall ill so often. The third resolution is about improving my relationships with my family and friends. I am going to spend more time with my family. Maybe we can take up a new hobby together! Doing more things together with my family will make my family happy. I am also going to help my friends more. For example, I can help them with their English homework if there is anything they don’t understand. Helping my friends will show them that I care about them and that they are important to me. The last resolution is about how to do better at school. I am going to read more books in English. That is going to help me learn more English words. I know I can keep this resolution because reading is fun. 2. My New Year’s Resolutions The new year is coming, I’m making a new resolutions. Next year I’m going to improve my physical health. At first I am going to exercise an hour every day and eat less junk food. Second, we’re going to talk with my parents and help them do housework to improve our relationship. Third I am going to make a plan and work hard. My Dream 3 I have a dream. I’m going to be a writer when I grow up, because I heard Mo Yan won the Nobel Literature Prize. I’m excited about it. How am I going to do that? First, I’m going to write articles and send them to magazines and newspapers. Second, I’m going to read more famous books about literature 4 When I grow up, I’m going to be a reporter. Next year, I’m going to write articles for magazines and newspapers. I’m going to a university in Beijing after I graduate from high school. Maybe I’m going to find a part-time job and save some money. Next, I’m going to work for a TV station as a journalist. Then I’m going to travel all over the world. 5 I want to be a writer when I grow up. I like writing stories in my free time. Writing is an important part of my life. Through writing I am able to share my ideas and make friends with others. I can achieve my dream by reading widely and by working hard at school to learn as much as possible. It’s also important to learn from successful people. I will hold on to my dream until it comes true.

Unit6单元测试

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