江苏大学研究生英语课程讲义分析,翻译

Unit 1

1. Put the following sentences into Chinese.

1) It was the best of times, it was the worst of times; it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness; it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity; it was the season of the Light, it was the season of Darkness; it was the spring of Hope, it was the winter of Despair; we had everything before us, we had nothing before us; we were all going to Heaven, we were all going direct the other way.

2) A greeting card can warm a heart, hold a hand, lend an ear, pat a back, light up a face, tickle a funny bone, dry an eye, surprise a child, woo a sweetheart, toast a bride, welcome a stranger, wave a good-bye, shout a bravo, blow a kiss, mend a quarrel, ease a pain, boost a morale, stop a worry and start a tradition.

2. Put the following passage into Chinese.

As an important means for preserving knowledge, various literatures have become precious resources or treasures for the mankind, which have greatly contributed to the social progress of the human race.

Professional literatures have been regarded as “intangible assets” of the whole world because they are, on the one hand, the summary, generalization, and development of the achievements obtained on the basis of previous experiences or studies; and on the other hand, they have been accumulated and handed down from generation to generation. In this sense, therefore, all kinds of literature are records of precious research findings and academic achievements, and the crystallization of human civilization.

3. Put the following passage into English.

翻译的意义是将词句从一种语言转换成另一种语言。简单地讲，它是用与原作不同的语言将作者的真正意思准确地复述出来的一种艺术。从以上翻译的定义来看，我们知道词句的原意必须尽可能保持准确，不可有所增删。翻译者的任务只是变换词汇而不是改变其意思。因此，翻译有两种要素：准确性与表达性。

准确性是翻译的首要条件。译者必须谨慎地遵循原作者的意思。字词的选择与句式结构必须如实传达原作的思想。表达性是使译文易于理解。换言之，译者必须用自己的文字尽可能将原作思想清楚而有力地表达出来。准确性是使译文的意义确切无误，而表达性则是使译文生动，引人入胜。

Unit 3 reports

1. Sample Analysis

Sample I Informal Report

MEMORANDUM

TO: Audrey Rivers FROM: Kevin Young Manager, Human Resources Personnel Assistant SUBJECT: Evaluation of the Roning Group’s “Meetings” Seminar

DATE: March 19, 1995

I found The Roiling Group’s “Meetings” seminar to be well worth attending and recommend that it be made available to all supervisory employees.

The attached folder describes the seminar in detail. Its full title is “Increasing the Effectiveness of Business Meetings,” and it is available in two formats: as a public seminar, such as the one I attended, and as a kit for in-house presentation. Attendance al a public seminar costs $85 per person. The kit, which contains sufficient materials to train 48 employees, costs $1200, which is equivalent to $25 per person.

The seminar I attended was held at the downtown Holiday Inn from 9:00 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. yesterday, March 18. You asked me to attend se that I could evaluate its suitability for company adoption.

During the morning the seminar leader demonstrated techniques for improving meeting performance and then assigned us to two groups and gave us roles to play as meeting participants.

In the afternoon:

For the first hour, group one held a meeting and group two evaluated the meeting participants’ performance on a one-to-one basis.

For the second hour, the groups’ roles were reversed.

The seminar leader then summed up and drew attention to our strengths and weaknesses.

I found the seminar to be an excellent learning experience. The atmosphere was relaxed, the participants were actively involved for more than 75% of the time and had realistic, recognizable roles to play, and the scenarios for the two meetings were both relevant and thoroughly developed. Of particular value were the comments we could make on one another’s performance as meeting participants.

I suggest we purchase the Roiling Group’s “Meetings” kit and use it to train our managers and supervisors to hold more efficient meetings. The experience I gained at yesterday’s seminar has prepared me to rim in-house workshops.

(The signature of Kevin)

Notes：

1．（什么种类的报告，背景，报告的双方）这是一份非正式报告。人事助理Kevin在参加一次最近召开的研讨会后向人事部经理递交的—份对该会的评估报告。这种报告实际上是一种备忘录式的报告，因此叫Memorandum。To指收件人，From指报告人。

2．（Subject）Subject line主题项，它后面是报告的主要内容。有些信函使用”Re:”即表示with reference to (关于)；”In Re:”即表示referring to(关于)。

3.（组成部分）这类报告一般分为以下部分：summary statement，background，description (of the seminar)，evaluation (of the seminar), and outcome．

Sample 2

ROBERTSON ENGINEEERING SERVICES

INSPECTION REPORT

ALTERATLINS TO AND REDECORA TION OF NEW OFFICES FOR

THE TECHNICAL PUBLICATIONS DEPARTMENT

Except for some minor deficiencies, the repair and renovation work is complete. The offices can be occupied on November I, as scheduled.

These offices were previously occupied by Nor-West Distributors, who vacated them on September 30, 1994.

A contract for renovating and redecorating the promises was let to Craven Builders Inc. on October 2; it specified the work to be done and a completion date of October 30, 1994. The contractor notified us on October 26 that the work was complete and I inspected the premises on October 27.

The contractor has done a generally good job. There are no signs that the previous temporary walls existed or have been removed, and the new temporary walls look like permanent structures. Decorating quality is very good.

The following deficiencies were noted and must be corrected by the contractor:.

1. The rubber underlay needs to be relaid under parts of the fitted carpet in the northeast corner of the main office. Currently it is bunched in seven or eight places.

2. The pelmets over all four windows need to be extended to the specified 78-inch width. Currently they are only 64 inches wide.

3. The door to the manager’s office needs to be rehung so that it closes fully and the lock engages.

4. Four of the lighting fixtures need to be maligned so that they are all at the same level.

5. The cove needs to be installed at the foot of all walls.

These deficiencies will not prevent the Technical Publications Department from occupying the offices on November I. although I suggest that furniture should not be placed in the northeast section of the main office until the carpet underlay has been relaid. All other deficiencies can be corrected without interfering with the department’s operations.

I suggest that a second inspection be scheduled before contractor payment is approved.

The signature of Thorvaldson

Paul Thorvaldson, P.E.

October 27, 1994 Notes：

这是一份检查报告，它比Sample l较正规，但仍属informal report。报告分以下部分：

(1) summary statement: telling readers right away what they most want to know--that the new facility is ready

(2)background：the details leading up to his inspection visit

(3)findings：conditions found + deficiencies

(4)outcome：the result of the inspection

2. The Translation of Reports

The following is a sample of Letter Report and its Chinese version.

The General Manager,

Acme Electronics Ltd.,

Canberra, ACT2600.

Dear Sir,

RENOV A TIONS, 153 HILLCREST

You instructed me on 20th June, 1998 to report on the repairs and renovation needed at the Company’s premises at 153 Hillcrest. I accordingly visited the premises on 25th June and made the following observations:

1. That the walls of the Branch Office Manager’s office need to be repainted.

2. That the air-conditioning plant needs to be serviced in the near future.

3. That the carpet in the reception hall is very worn and needs to be replaced by a new one.

4. That the lock on the rear door of the premises can very easily be forced and needs to be replaced by a stronger “dead lock.”

5. That an additional telephone is needed in the General Office.

I therefore recommend that the Maintenance Office be instructed to carry out the renovations l—4 above and that the Telephone Company be requested to install an additional receiver in the General Office on the same line as the existing receivers.

Yours faithfully,

C. S. Spencer

Maintenance Engineer

堪培拉，ACT2600

Acme电子有限公司

总经理

总经理先生：

您于1998年6月20日指示，要我对HILLCREST街153号公司房舍需修整翻新的事宜向您报告。为此，我于6月25日视察了该处房屋，现向您书面汇报如下：

1．分公司经理室的墙壁需要粉刷油漆。

2．空调设备需要尽快维修。

3．接待厅地毯严重磨损，需要更新。

4．房舍后门的锁很不牢实，需要更换成结实的”单闩锁印”。

5．公司办公室需要加装一部电话。

综上所述，请您指示公司维修部对上述前四项进行维修，并请电话公司利用现有电话线路为办公室另安装一部电话。

维修工程师

C．S．斯宾塞

Unit 4 abstracts

1. Put the following technical terms into Chinese.

ball bearing（滚珠轴承）

test bed（试验台）

carrier rocket（运载火箭）pneumatic cushion（气压式缓冲器）tractor shoe（拖拉机履带片）monkey driver（锤式打桩机）ball cock（球阀）

automatic pecker（自动穿孔器）worm auger（螺旋钻）

decay daughter（裂变产物）

sister metal（同类金属）foreign tissue（异体组织）getter pump（抽气泵）ghost image（叠影）

heel block（垫板）

I-bar（工字梁）

O-ring（环形圈）

T-square（丁字尺）octahedron（八面体）zigzag chain（Z形链）gable roof（人字屋顶）cross stitch（十字缝）

set square（三角尺）

arch dam（拱坝）

cam shaft（凸轮轴）

cone buoy（锥形浮标）

U-bolt（U形螺栓）

plastic stockings（玻璃丝袜）nose cap（防毒面具）

2. Put the following sentences into Chinese.

1 More than three thousand IPC symbols jammed into the chart. He certainly was not scanning the rows with

a magnifier.

图表中密密麻麻地排满了三千多个国际专利分类符号，他肯定不会拿着放大镜一排排往下看。

2 Although no one has yet set foot on Vesta, and no spacecraft has been near, planetary scientists have obtained conclusive evidence during the last decade that cold, silent Vesta was once the scene of volcanic activity.

尽管从未有人登上过灶神星，也从未有过太空飞船靠近过灶神星，但是研究行星的科学工作者在最近十年中已经获得了可靠的证据证明寒冷而宁静的灶神星曾经是火山活动的场所。

3 Despite the long-standing availability of effective antibiotics, particularly penicillin, pnumococcal disease continues to take a heavy death toll, particularly among people suffering from other chronic diseases.

尽管有效的抗菌素特别是青霉素应用已久，但肺炎球菌引起的疾病仍然造成大量死亡，尤其是对患有其他慢性病的人来说更是如此。

4 The research found a 12 per cent reduction in the patients’ blood cholesterol from a level of 349 milligrams per 100 milliliters of blood.

研究结果发现，病人的胆固醇含量从每100毫升血液含有349毫克下降了百分之十二。

5 Working at the fruit and vegetable chemistry Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., the scientists sprayed young guayule plants with 5,000 part per million of the hormone stimulator 2- (3-4) dichloriphenoxy-triethylamine.

在加利福尼亚州帕萨迪纳的蔬果化学实验室工作的科学家们向银胶菊植物幼苗喷洒浓度为百万分之5000的激素催长剂2-(3-4)二氯苯氧基三乙胺。

3. Put the following passage into Chinese.

Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a major source of indoor air pollution. A major point stressed in both the Surgeon General’s Report and the National Academy of Science’s Report is that methods used to determine the exposure of the nonsmoking population to ETS must be improved. In this dissertation, a semi-real time system for monitoring ETS are proposed and compared with other systems. Several new tracers for ETS are proposed. The generalization and decay of ETS in an indoor environmental laboratory is studied. A new technique for analyzing microgram and submicrogram amount of nicotine and cotinine biological fluids is developed. A unique exposure study to ETS is to carry out wherein never-smokers are exposed to ETS.

Much evidence has accumulated that fine particulate matter in the atmosphere affects human health and atmospheric properties. To monitor airborne particles, it is necessary to separate various particle sizes in the atmosphere and to determine the chemical compositions of the particles. A new high flow rate, multichannel parallel plate denuder sampling system has been developed which is capable of determining the particle size distributions and the semi-volatile organic compounds which can be lost from particles during sampling.

香烟造成的环境烟气(ETS)足使室内空污染的主要污染源。来自(美国)军医局局长报告和国家科学院的报告都着重强调了这一点：传统的用以确定有多少非吸烟者受到ETS危害的方法必须加以改进。本文提出

了一种监控ETS的半实时系统并将该系统与其它系统进行了比较。作者建议使用一些新的跟踪器对ETS 进行监控并对ETS在室内环境实验室的一般情况及衰减问题作了研究。作者研制了一项新技术分析尼古丁和可铁宁的生物液微克和亚微克量。并将对ETS进行一项独特的曝露研究，让非吸烟者置于ETS环境进行试验。

现今业已积累的大量证据表明，大气层中的微粒影响人类健康和大气的性质。为了监控空中的微粒，很有必要将大气层中各种微粒的大小分开，并确定其化学成分。已研制出一种新的高流速率，多通道平行盘溶蚀器取样系统，它能确定微粒大小的分布，以及在取样期间从微粒失去的具有半挥发性的有机混合物。

4. Put the following passage into English.

在本《国际标准》中，“文摘”一词的意义是：对原文献内容准确、扼要而不加解释或评论的表述。无论作者是谁，对此均不应有所不同。

一篇文摘应该根据文献的内容与文体，使之具有尽可能多的报道性。也就是说，文摘应尽可能多的表达文献内容中包含的定量或定性的信息。报道性文摘对于叙述实验研究和主题单一的文献足较为理想的。但某些内容庞杂或冗长的文献，例如泛述、综述以及整篇或整集的专著，则允许备有一个仅仅起指示性、描述性指南作用的文摘。还有一种必不可少的融报道性与指示性于一体的综合性文摘，这类文摘适用于文摘长度受限制，或因文献类型与文体的限制，而有必要对文献的要点作报道性介绍的情况。

Unit 6 Conference Documents

1. Sample Analysis.

Sample 3: General Information

Stouffer Center Plaza Hotel

Only 12-minutes from Wright-putterson Air Force Base, you’ll fred the premier hotel of Dayton, Ohio, Stonffer Center Plaza Hotel. In the center of Dayton’s downtown business district, this hotel is a skywalk away from the Dayton Convention Center and 1500-car parking facility. A limousine service can be made available on request in the immediate downtown area to drive you to meetings, shopping excursions or entertainment. The amenities associated with staying at this hotel include such items as complimentary coffee and newspaper, which arrive with your wake-up call. Public limousine service runs to and from Dayton International Airport 20 minutes

away.

Dayton’s Attractions

Dayton. Ohio is considered the birthplace of Aviation when native Daytonians Orville and Wibur Wright began testing their early aircraft here. Today five Command units of the United States Ah’ Force are located at Wright=Patterson Air Force Base. This base is critical hub which-has 33,000 employees, Adjacent to the base is the United States Air Force Museum which is internationally recognized us the world’s largest and oldest military aviation museum with l0 I/2 acres of exhibits under one roof. This fine attraction draws 1.5 million visitors annually and includes a 600 seat IMAX theater which will afford visitors a realistic view of aviation and space flight. Admission and parking are free. Other famous attractions in the area include the Dayton Museum of Natural History, the Dayton Art Institute, the host of other sites which are s short cab chive from the hotel.

Climate and Attire

The average temperature in Dayton during the conference period is 66 degrees F with daily variation of plus or minus 12 degrees F about the average. Light clothing is recommended for all outdoor activities.

Transportation

The Dayton International Airport is a short 20 minutes drive away from the hotel and regularly scheduled transportation to and from the airport is available every 40 minutes. A taxi from the airport costs approximately $15.00 one way or an airport limo ($13.00 one way, $23.00 round trip) is also available. The Dayton airport has 225 daily departures to approximately 50 cities and is served by most carriers.

Rental cars can be obtained at the airport or are available from the conference hotel.

Notes

1. limousine service 客车服务(指车站机场等接送旅客的中客车)

2. airport limo 机场客车, limo 的复数为limos (=limousine)

2. Put the following passage into Chinese.

Dear Professor Liang,

The Conference Steering Committee is pleased to inform you that your abstract rifled above has been accepted for presentation at the ASEE 4th International Conference on Engineering Computer Graphics and Descriptive Geometry, to be held in Miami, Florida, USA, June 11 ~ 15, 1990.

We hope you will accept our invitation to participate. To assist with program planning, please complete and return the enclosed Confirmation and Speaker Information Form by fax before December 12, 1989 so that we may include the correct information in the program and notify alternates if necessary.

Please start writing your paper. In a separate package, you will receive the instructions on the preparation of manuscripts. You should be getting this information sometime after the first of the year. Completed manuscripts are due on March 1, 1990.

The final program and registration information will be sent to you in early March, 1990. We look forward to working with you and to having you on the program at the Miami meeting.

If you have any questions at any time, please feel free to contact me at (305)554-2824. Our fax number is (305) 554-3582.

Sincerely,

Oktay Ural, Ph.D.P.E.

Conference Chairman

Unit 7 Reviews

1. Put the following passage into Chinese.

The history of computing began with an analog machine. In 1623 German scientist Wilhelm Schikard

invented a machine that used 11 complete and 6 incomplete sprocketed wheels that could add and, with the aid of logarithm tables, multiply and divide.

French philosopher, mathematician, and physicist Blaise Pascal invented a machine in 1642 that added and subtracted, automatically carrying and borrowing digits from column to column. Pascal built 50 copies of his machine, but most served as curiosities in parlors of the wealthy. Seventeenth-century German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz designed a special gearing system to enable multiplication on Pascal's machine.

In the early 19th century French inventor Joseph-Made Jacquard devised a specialized type of computer: a loom. Jacquard's loom used punched cards to program patterns that were output as woven fabrics by the loom. Though Jacquard was rewarded and admired by French emperor Napoleon I for his work, he fled for his life from the city of Lyon pursued by weavers who feared their jobs were in jeopardy due to Jacquard's invention. The loom prevailed, however: When Jacquard passed away, more than 30,000 of his looms existed in Lyon. The looms are still used today, especially in the manufacture of fine furniture fabrics..

计算器的历史起始于一台模拟机。1623年德国科学家Wilhelm Schikard首创了一台模拟机，该机器利用11个完整的、6个不完整的链轮进行加法运算，并能借助对数表进行乘除运算。

法国哲学家、数学家、和物理学家帕斯卡于1642年发明了用机器进行加减运算，该机器可以自动进行竖式借位运算。帕斯卡将机器复制了50部，但其中的大多数成了富有人家客厅中引入好奇的摆设。17世纪德国数学家Gottfried Leibniz设计了一种特殊齿轮传动装置，能在帕斯卡的机器上进行乘法运算。

19世纪初，法国发明家Joseph Marie Jacquard设计出一种专用计算机：织机。Jacquard的织机利用打了孔的卡片为图样编制程序，而输出的是织好的布匹。尽管Jacquard的发明受到法国皇帝拿破伦一世的奖赏和赞许，但为了躲避织布工匠的追捕，他逃离了里昂城，亡命他乡——因为工匠们害怕他的发明会砸了大家的饭碗。然而，织机最终还是越来越流行。Jacquard逝世时，里昂市的织机总量已超过30,000台。织机沿用至今，在精美家具布帘(垫)制造业尤甚。

研究生英语系列教材下unit5原文+翻译

Unit5 An Alpine Divorce 1.John Bodman was a man who was always at one extreme or the other. This probably would have mattered little had he not married a wife whose nature was an exact duplicate of his own. 1约翰?伯德曼是一个常常走极端的人。这本来应该没什么，但可惜，他妻子的性格整个儿是他的翻版。 2.Doubtless there exists in this world precisely the right woman for any given man to marry and vice versa; but when you consider that one human being has the opportunity of being acquainted with only a few hundred people, and out of the few hundred that there are but a dozen or less whom one knows intimately, and out of the dozen, one or two close friends at most, it will easily be seen, when we remember the number of millions who inhabit this world, that probably, since the Earth was created, the right man has never yet met the right woman. The mathematical chances are all against such a meeting, and this is the reason that divorce courts exist. Marriage at best is but a compromise, and if two people happen to be united who are of an uncompromising nature there is bound to be trouble. 2毋庸置疑，对于任何一个男人，这世上总会有一个相当合适的女人能和他成家，反之亦然。但是如果你考虑一下:每个人仅有机会结识几百个人而已，在这几百个人之中熟知的只有那么干几人甚至更少，在这十几个人之中又最多只有一两个知心朋友;别忘了，居住在这世上的人有多少个百万，因此显而易见:自地球存在以来，这合适的男人极有可能从来就没有遇到过他那个合适的女人。。从概率上来讲，这样相遇的机会微乎其微，这也正是离婚法庭存在的原因。婚姻充其量不过是一种妥协，而如果恰好两个个性上互不妥协的人结合了，那就肯定会有麻烦。 3.In the lives of these two young people there was no middle distance. The result was bound to be either love or hate, and in the case of Mr. and Mrs. Bodman it was hate of the most bitter and egotistical kind. 3对于两个这样的年轻人来说，生活没有什么中间点，其结局注定要么是爱，要么是恨，而就伯德曼夫妇而言，他们到头来有的是那种最刻骨、最傲慢的恨。 4.In some parts of the world, incompatibility of temper is considered a just cause for obtaining a divorce, but in England no such subtle distinction is made, and so until the wife became criminal, or the man became both criminal and cruel, these two were linked together by a bond that only death could sever.' Nothing can be worse than this state of things, and the matter was only made the more hopeless by the fact that Mrs. Bodman lived a blameless life, while her husband was no worse than the majority of men. Perhaps, however, that statement held only up to a certain point, for John Bodman had reached a state of mind in which he resolved to get rid of his wife at all hazards. If he had been a poor man he would probably have deserted her, but he was rich, and a man cannot freely leave a prospering business because his domestic life happens not to be happy. 4在这世界上的某些地方，夫妻性情不合就能够成为离婚的正当理由，但是在英格兰，并没有如此微妙的区分，所以除非妻子犯罪，或丈夫犯罪并且为人残暴，否则两者的婚姻关系将一直维系下去，直至死神将他们分开。没有什么比这种事情更糟糕的了，而更令人绝望的是伯德曼太太为人无可厚非，而她丈夫也并不比一般男人差。然而，也许上面的表述只能说在某种程度上是正确的，因为约翰?伯德曼已经忍无可忍，下定决心不管付出什么代价也要摆脱他的妻子。如果他是个穷人，也许他会抛弃她，但是他很富有，而一个人不能因为家庭生活碰巧不幸就轻易放弃一份蒸蒸日上的事业。 5.When a man's mind dwells too much on one subject, no one can tell just how far he will go.

研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译

研究生英语系列教材上unit1-原文+翻译

TRAITS OF THE KEY PLAYERS 核心员工的特征 What exactly is a key play？ 核心员工究竟是什么样子的? A “Key Player” is a phrase that I've heard about from employers during just about every search I've conducted. 几乎每次进行调查时，我都会从雇主们那里听到“核心员工”这个名词。 I asked a client —a hiring manager involved in recent search — to define it for me. 我请一位客户——一位正参与研究的人事部经理，给我解释一下。 “Every company has a handful of staff in a given area of expertise that you can count on to get the job done. “每家公司都有少数几个这样的员工，在某个专业领域，你可以指望他们把活儿干好。 On my team of seven process engineers and biologists, I've got two or three whom I just couldn't live without,” he said. 在我的小组中，有七名化工流程工程师和生物学

家，其中有那么两三个人是我赖以生存的，”他说， “Key players are essential to my organization. “他们对我的公司而言不可或缺。 And when we hire your company to recruit for us, we expect that you'll be going into other companies and finding just: 当请你们公司替我们招募新人的时候，我们期待你们会去其他公司找这样的人： the staff that another manager will not want to see leave. 其他公司经理不想失去的员工。 We recruit only key players.” 我们只招募核心员工。” This in part of pep talk intended to send headhunters into competitor's companies to talk to the most experienced staff about making a change. 这是一段充满了鼓动性的谈话，目的是把猎头们派往竞争对手的公司去游说经验丰富的员工们做一次职业变更。

(免费)2011年考研复试英语翻译和写作(试题)

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Unit 1. General Introduction to Professional Paper Writing 1. Classification of Professional Papers A professional paper is a formal printed document in which professionals present their views and research findings on any deliberately chosen topic. 1) Report Paper The report paper summarizes and reports the findings of author(s) on a particular subject. The author(s) may not give his/their own opinion on the issue, nor evaluates the findings, but merely catalogs them ins sensible sequence. 2)Research Paper A research paper can be intelligent, well-informed, interesting, and original in its conclusions. It draws its material from many sources. Its aim is to assemble facts and ideas and by studying then to draw new conclusions as to facts or interpretations, or to present the material in the light of a new interest. Research papers are or can be the most important and reliable sources for textbooks, monographs, and all other documentary works. 3) Course Paper Different from the report paper and research paper, a course paper mainly refers to the paper written after a specific course is learned or at the end of the term. So its contents usually should be in line with the course requirements and under the instruction of the course instructor. Since this type of paper is always written and handed in at the end of the term , it is also called ―term paper‖. 4) Thesis Paper (Dissertation论述) A thesis paper is usually written and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MA or MS (or Ph.D) in a specific discipline.Unlike a report paper, a thesis paper takes a definite stand on an issue. A thesis is a proposition or point of view that the writer or speaker is willing to argue against or defend. Writing a thesis paper requires the writer to exercise judgment, evaluate evidence, and construct a logical argument, whereas writing a report paper does not. 2.General Characteristics of English Academic Writing Style Academic writing in English is linear, which means it has one central point or theme with every part contributing to the main line of argument, without digressions（扯开，离题）or repetitions. Its objective is to inform rather than entertain. Accordingly, academic writing is structured, formal and objective. Its language is often abstract and complex.

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