动词-ing(现在分词)

动词-ing 形式 (1)

英语课程标准将“动名词”和“现在分词”合称为“动词-ing”形式。作为非谓语动词的一种形式，动词-ing具有名词，形容词和副词的特点，它可以在句中作除了谓语以外的所有句子成分。

一．动词-ing 形式的构成

Not being done / not having been done

二．动词-ing 形式作定语

1）单个动词-ing形式作定语放在被修饰的名词前，叫做前置定语。

2）动词-ing短语作定语，通常放在被修饰的名词后，叫做后置定语。

3) having (been) done 该结构不能用作后置定语。

作用：

1）表示用途

A smoking room 吸烟室 a walking stick 拐杖 drinking water饮用水

A sleeping pill 安眠药 drawing board 画板 parking lot 停车场Swimming pool 游泳池 teaching building 教学楼 changing room 更衣室Driving permit 驾驶许可证 a waiting room 候车室

2）表示动作

boiling water 正在沸腾的水 developing countries 发展中国家

the setting sun 落日 the rising sun 冉冉升起的太阳

in the following days 在接下来的几天 the coming week 下一周

3) 表所修饰名词正在进行的动作，可替换成定语从句。

[备注] 此时该动词和被修饰的名词之间是主动关系

A walking man = a man who is walking

A sleeping child= a child who is sleeping.

The man standing at the gate is my grandpa.

= The man _______________________ at the gate is my grandpa.

[拓展]

The computer ___________(repair) now is my brothers.

三．动词-ing 形式作表语

动词-ing形式作表语，说明主语的具体内容。这种表语与主语“等价”

His job is teaching Physics in middle school.

有些动词-ing形式作表语,可以说明主语的性质特征，常翻译为“令人….

的”

disappointing 令人失望的 frightening 令人害怕的

Interesting 有趣的 exciting 令人兴奋的

Embrassassing 令人尴尬的 surprising 令人惊讶的

Encouraging 令人鼓舞的 puzzling 令人费解的

练习

1.The news that we failed in the competition was ______________(disappoint).

2.From my point of view, this idea was so ________________(excite).

3.My brother’s job is ________________(deliver) newspapers every day.

四．动词-ing 形式宾语补足语

该用法通常用于主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语结构中。其中，宾语是v-ing 的逻辑主语

1）感官动词 see ，hear, notice注意到, smell 闻到, feel , find 发现，observe 观察,look at ,listen to…

notice sb./sth. doing …注意到…正在做…

We saw a boy stealing a woman’s purse in the street.

2）使役动词“ leave, have, keep , get”

leave sb/ sth. doing “让某人或某物一直处于某种状态”

练习

1.He saw the children ____________(play) in the playground.

2.I’m sorry to have kept you ____________(wait) for me for so long.

3.The child was heard _____________(cry) in the next room all night.

4．The next morning, she found the man _____________(lie) in bed, dead.

5．Do you hear someone ___________(knock) at the door?

五．动词-ing 形式作状语

动词-ing形式作状语可以修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示时间，原因，结果，条件，行为方式，伴随或补充说明。

备注：

1）v-ing形式作状语，其逻辑主语就是主句的主语。(破题)

2为了使作状语的v-ing 形式所表达更明确，可在前面加上适当的连词(as, because, since, once, though, while, unless …)

[解题策略]

1．观察逗号“,”前后是否有连词，若没有，则应选择非谓语

2．找到句子主语，分析空白处单词和主语之间是否为主动关系

3．分析填空处单词和主句动词是否几乎同时发生（doing）；若在主句动词之前发生，则选用完成式（having done）

●原因状语

Because she was ill, she didn’t attend the meeting.

= Being ill, s he didn’t attend the meeting.

●________状语

When they hear the news, they all jumped with great joy.

= Hearing the news, they all jumped with great joy.

●条件状语

If you work hard, you’ll succeed. (条件状语)

= ___________________, you’ll succeed.

●________状语

My car was caught in the heavy traffic jam, causing the delay.

●________状语

The students are all in the classroom, doing their homework carefully.

Practice！！！！

1.When___________(see) the cat, the mouse ran off.

2.__________________(live) in London for years, I almost know every

place quite well.

3.____________(work) hard, you’ll succeed.

4.Once ________________(lose) the chance, you can’t easily find it.

5.________________(look) out from the window, we found a beautiful

garden.

6.They sat in front of the teaching building, ________(laugh) and

talking.

7.He turned off the lights, ________(see) nothing.

8.____________(walk) in the street, he caught sight of one of his close

friends.

9. ________________(tell) many times, I still long to watch the movie one more time.

六．v-ing 形式的否定式 (直接在v-ing形式前面加not等否定词汇) 1．__________________(know的否定式) her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her.

2．_____________(realize的否定) that he was in great danger, Eric walker deeper into the forest.

七．一般式和完成式的区别

当动词-ing形式表示的动作和句子谓语动词表示的动作(几乎)同时发生时用一般式(doing)；在句子谓语动词表示的动作之前发生时用完成式(having done)。如：

_____________(see) the stranger coming towards him，little Jim ran away as fast as he could.

______________(study)English for three years, he can read brief stories in English.

八．独立主格结构

The teacher being ill, the lecture was put off.

Spring coming, the fields are full of life.

当非谓语动词的逻辑主语和主句的主语不一致时，往往在非谓语的前面加上自己的逻辑主语，这种“名词/代词+非谓语动词”结构与句子主语没有任何逻辑关系，被称为独立主格结构。它是一种从属结构，不能单独成句。1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词等是主谓关系或动宾关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

There _____(be) no bus, we had to go back home on foot.

More time ______(give), we would have done it much better.

Weather __________(permit), we’ll go to visit the Great Wall.

单句改错

1．Having received the reply, he decided to write to him again.

2．While read the book, he wrote down a great many beautiful sentences.

3．We had a good rest in the waited room.

4．Do you know the man ran after He Yi cen?

5．This is such an interested news for us.

6．The weather is fine, they decided to go out for a walk.

7．The war lasted nearly a month, leaved nothing.

8．Seen from the top of the mountain, we can enjoy the most beautiful view of Chong Qing.

现在分词讲解及训练

现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.

(完整版)动词变现在分词练习题

动词变现在分词练习题一、写出下列动词的现在分词： go____________ stand___________ sleep____________ eat____________ sing____________ drink___________ read____________ look____________ walk____________ watch___________ draw____________ fly____________ open____________ jump____________ do____________ paint____________ pick____________ play____________ kick____________ talk____________ cook____________ learn____________ look____________ climb___________ count___________ clean___________ fish____________ come___________ dance___________ close____________ make___________ ride____________ write____________ take____________ phone___________ move___________ have____________ sit____________ hope____________ swim___________ run____________ cut____________ put____________ forget___________ get____________ begin___________ .hit____________ chat____________ stop____________ play________ run__________ swim _________ make__________ go_________ like________ write________ ski___________ read________ have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________ see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________ stop________ sit ________ begin________ shop__________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy ______ ____________ ( draw) a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls ______ _________ ( sing) in the classroom .

动词过去式 过去分词 现在分词

动词 一、五种基本形式： 英语中实义动词和系动词有五种基本形式，原形、现在式（用于第三人称单数）、过去式（用于过去时态）、过去分词（用于各种完成时态）和现在分词（用于各种进行时态）。 1、第三人称单数构成与名词由单数变复数

二、动词时态 定义：时态是谓语动词所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。 四类：一般时态、进行时态、完成时态和完成进行时态。每一类时态都对应四种时间：过去、现在、将来、过去将来。常用8种时态：一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时，现在进行时，过去进行时，现在完成时，过去完成时和过去将来时。 1、一般现在时 常见频度副词有：always（总是，一直）,often, usually, never, sometimes等 地球围绕着太阳转：The earth moves around the sun.表客观存在的真理或科学事实。 公交车来了：Here comes the bus.以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。

2、一般过去时 有确定的时间状语，如：yesterday, two days ago, last+年/月/星期,the other day, just now, in the old days, the day before yesterday（前天），this morning/afternoon, at the age of+过去年龄段，when 引导的状语从句（过去），at+过去时间点，in+过去的年份等。 3、一般将来时 常用时间副词：tomorrow, soon，(today, tonight)时间状语短语：next year/week/month, in a few days, in the future等。 构成：will/shall+动词原形，be going to+动词原形，表示打算和预测。 特殊情形： be to+动词原形，表示按计划或安排即将要发生的动作；有时也表示命令、禁止或可能性。如：She is to practice the piano tomorrow. 她明天将练习钢琴。 用现在进行时表示按计划或安排将要发生的事。 用一般现在时表示按规定或时间表预计要发生的事。 be about to+动词原形，表示即将要发生的事。 4、现在进行时 常与look, listen, now连用 5、过去进行时 the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等标志性词语，主要表示过去某一时刻或表示过去某一阶段正在发生或进行的动作。 6、现在完成时： 常见时间状语：always, yet, just, ever, before，these days, recently, in the past/few时间段，since+时间点，for+时间段等。 构成：have/has+动词的过去分词 7、过去完成时 8、过去将来时 Would+动词原形

(完整word版)英语8种时态讲解及练习

英语时态八种基本时态讲解及练习 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意： a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week等时间状 语连用。 I always watch TV at 8: 00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .

4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句：我们每天晚上九点做作业。 我在早上七点半起床。 他每天七点去上班。 我们经常下午打篮球。 他喜欢音乐。 地球围绕太阳转。 火车六点出发。 5）否定句和疑问句。 a)-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. b)----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ?

现在分词的构成

1）现在分词的构成规则：(前提只有动词才有现在分词) 1 一般情况下直接加ing think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking say---saying carry---carrying 2 以不发音的字母e结尾的单词，去掉字母e，再加ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having 3以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running forget---forgetting begin---beginning 4 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加ing die---dying lie---lying 5以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing 。初中学过的这类词有：bigin，cut, get, hit, run, set, sit, spit, stop, swim, beg, drop, fit, nod, dig, forget, regret, rid, 等。 travel虽然重读第一音节，词尾音节不重读，但是现在分词仍要双写末尾辅音字母，然后再加ing ，如：travel---travelling.初中阶段此类词只有这一个。 2）构成规则：

构成：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词(done) 1．规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。 四点变化规则： (1)、一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed ”。（然而要注意的是，过去分词并不是过去式）work---worked---worked,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“ d ”。live---lived (3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词，将"y" 变为"i" ，再加“ed ”。study---studied---studied,cry---cried---cried, (4)、重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed ”。stop---stopped---stopped,drop---dropped--dropped 2 、不规则动词，见不规则表 一、当过去分词作为表语 The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山。【注意】过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语，主要是表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示动作。 (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的。(是被动语态，表示动作) (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了。(过去分词作表语) 【注意】过去分词表示被动或完成，V-ing 形式表示主动或进行.有些

英语动词现在分词的变化规则

英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 现在分词的变化规则 1.普通动词：格式+ing; think---thinking sleep---sleeping study---studying speak---speaking say---saying cry---crying 2.以不发音的e结尾的动词：去掉e再加ing，格式：去e+ing wake---waking make---making come---coming take---taking leave---leaving have---having dance----dancing ride----riding write---writing 3. 以重读闭音节结尾，呈现“辅，元，辅”结构的动词，先双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing stop---stopping sit---sitting run---running forget---forgetting begin---beginning cut---cutting get---getting hit---hitting set---setting swim----swimming fit---fitting dig---digging shop---shopping put---putting 英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 travel---travelling(可双写也可不双写) refer---referring prefer---preferring 4. 以ie结尾的动词，把ie改为y ，再加inglie---lying

die---dyingtie---tying 现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： play_____________ run______________ swim _____________make______________ go______________ like____________ write_____________ _ski_____________ read_____________ have____________ sing _____________ dance___________ put______________ see____________ buy _____________ love____________ live_________ __ take______________ come _____________ get_____________ stop____________ sit _____________ begin____________ shop___________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now. 英语动词《现在分词》的变化规则 2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

动词的现在分词的变化规则

动词的现在分词的变化规则（现在进行时） 1一般的动词，直接在动词后加ing work--working sleep--sleeping study--studying 2以不发音字母e 结尾的动词，要先去e 加ing take--taking make--making dance--dancing 但是see--seeing

3重读闭音节的动词，要双写最后一个字母，再加ing swim--swimming 周六早晨游泳天气好get--getting （up）小明早晨未起早 sit--sitting 坐起忙把衣穿好put(on)--putting begin--beginning 时间不早赶紧开始跑 run--running

forget- - forgetting 忘带午饭又把商店找 shop--sh opping stop-st opping cut--cutting 停止剪发就逃跑 4以ie 结尾的动词，扌 为y 再加ing lie- lying tie-tyi ng die-dying 死 一般现在时 1. 概念:表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 2. 一般现在时常常与下面这些时间状语连用: always （ 总是 ）usually （ 通常） often （ 经常 ）sometimes （ 有时 ） seldom （很少）never 把ie 变 平躺/说谎 系，捆（鞋带，领

（从不） once/twiceaweek（一周一/ 二次）everyday/month/year 每天/ 每月/ 年 3.当主语不是第三人称人称单数时，主语后面的动词用动词原形，不需做任何变化。如： I gotoschoolbybuseveryday. I haveapenandabook. WewatchTVeveryday. Youhavealotofmoney. Theyoften dotheirhomework. 4.当主语是第三人称单数时，主语后面的动词需要做相应的变化. 即在动词后面加s 或es 或把have 改为has 3. 第三人称单数，动词的变化规则： （1）一般动词后面直接加s 如：play-play slike-like s Sheusuallysing ssong. （2）动词以s,x,ch,sh,o 结尾的加-es

动词现在分词表

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如：works,gets,reads 等。 2、以s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词，在后面加es, 女口：goes,teaches,washes等。 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i，再加es, 如：study--studies,try--tries,carry--carries 等。 4、动词have 遇在主语是第三人称单数时, have 改为has, 如：He has an interesting book . 5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be改为am，遇有主语是第二人称时，be改为are， 遇有主语是第三人称单数时, be 改为is。 一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律 动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。 1、大多数动词在词尾加“ S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为[z]。在t后读[ts]，在d后读[dz]，如： ①stop —stops [s] ; make —makes [s] ②read —reads [z] ; play —plays [z] 2、以辅音字母加“ y”结尾的，要先将“ y”变为“ i”，然后在加“ es”读[iz]女口：fly —flies [z] ；carry—carries [z] study－studies [z]; worry －worries 3、以“ s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加"es”，发音为[iz]女口：

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如：goes,teaches,washes等。 3、以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变为i，再加es， 如： study--studies,try--tries,carry--carries 等。 4、动词have遇在主语是第三人称单数时，have 改为has， 如：He has an interesting book . 5、动词be遇有主语是第一人称单数时，be改为am，遇有主语是第二人称时，be改为are，遇有主语是第三人称单数时，be改为is。 一、动词第三人称单数的变化规则及发音规律 动词原形变第三人称单数的规则与发音规律同名词单数变复数大致相同，请认真观察。

1、大多数动词在词尾加“S”在清辅音后发音为[s]，在浊辅音及元音后发音为 [z]。在t后读[ts]，在d后读[dz]，如： ①stop－stops [s] ; make－makes [s] ②read－reads [z] ; play－plays [z] 2、以辅音字母加“y”结尾的，要先将“y”变为“i”，然后在加“es”读[iz] 如： fly－flies [z]； carry－carries [z] study－studies [z]; worry－worries 3、以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，在词尾加“es”，发音为[iz] 如： teach－teaches [iz]; watch－watches [iz] 4、以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，读[z] 如： go－goes [z] do－does [z] 下面几个动词变为单数时，原词的元音部分的发音发生了较大的变化，请注意记忆。如：

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