考研英语阅读真题：考研英语(一)第3篇_毙考题

2012考研英语阅读真题：考研英语（一）第3篇

In the idealized version of how science is done,

facts about the world are waiting to be observed and collected by objective researchers who use the scientific method to carry out their work.

But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.

We aim to be objective, but we cannot escape the context of our unique life experience.

Prior knowledge and interest influence what we experience, what we think our experiences mean, and the subsequent actions we take.

Opportunities for misinterpretation, error, and self-deception abound. Consequently, discovery claims should be thought of as protoscience.

Similar to newly staked mining claims, they are full of potential.

But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.

This is the credibility process, through which the individual researcher’s me, here, now becomes the community’s anyone, a nywhere, anytime.

Objective knowledge is the goal, not the starting point.

Once a discovery claim becomes public, the discoverer receives intellectual credit. But, unlike with mining claims, the community takes control of what happens next. Within the complex social structure of the scientific community, researchers make discoveries;