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2010年中考英语虚拟语气讲解及其练习

虚拟语气语法讲解附带练习题

定义：虚拟语气表示用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。

虚拟语气的重点是：虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、建议、命令、提议、意愿等的主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式，含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气和表示愿望的虚拟形式等。

(一)虚拟语气的常见句型

(1)由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气：

A 用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式(be动词用were)。

B 用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would ,could, might+动词原形。

C wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：

had+动词过去分词或could ,would +have+动词过去分词。

例如：I wish I were as tall as you.我希望和你一样高。

He wished he hadn\'t said that. 他希望他没讲过那样的话。

I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。

(2)had hoped引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。

(3)would(had)rather, would as soon, would sooner和would

（4）prefer所引起的从句中要求用过去式表示当时或将来的情况，用过去完成时表示过去的情况，表示希望或婉转的责备。例如：I'd rather you posted the letter right away.我倒希望你把这封信立刻寄出去。

I would prefer he didn t stay there too long.我倒希望他不要在那儿呆得太久。

I would just as soon you had returned the book yesterday.我真希望你昨天把这本书还了。

(4)It's (high ,about) time that句型中that从句中要求用虚拟语气形式，即动词要用过去式。

例如：It's very late.It's time we had to go.天太晚了，我们得走了。

（二）虚拟语气的形式

虚拟(条件)语气中，主句与从句中谓语动词的形式可分为下面四类

假设类型

条件从句谓语

动词形式主语谓语动词形式

与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形与过去事实相反had+ -ED分词would(第一人称可用should)+have + -ED分词与将来事实相反were to + 动词原形would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形

与将来事实可能相反should + 动词原形would(第一人称可用should)+动词原形(二)特殊形式的虚拟语气

(1)should(可省略)+动词原形用于如下结构中的that从句中。

A 用于表示意愿、建议、命令、提议、请求等动词后的that宾语从句中，例如：

He ordered that parking be prohibited on Main street during the rush hour.

他下令在(交通)高峰期间禁止在大街上停车。

Tom insisted that his Leadership be recognized by all the boys.

汤姆坚持让所有男孩接受他的领导。

这类动词还有：

ask要求advise建议arrange安排beg请求command命令decide决定demand要求desire渴望 determine决定insist坚持intend 打算

maintain坚持，主张move建议，动员propose提议object反对order命令prefer建议require需要request要求resolve下决心

recommend推荐suggest建议stipulate约定，规定urge强调，促进vote公认，提议decree颁布(法令) pray请求

B 用于It is+形容词或过去分词+主语从句中，例如：

It is appropriate that some time be devoted to thorough study of the results of the Apollo mission.

拿出时间对阿波罗登月计划的结果做详细研究是恰当的。

This is their resolution that extra curriculum activities be made part of their school life.

这是他们的决议：要使得课外活动成为他们学校生活的一部分。

这类形容词或分词有：

advisable合理的decided决定的crucial关键的appropriate恰当的determined决定的commanded命令的arranged安排的essential紧要的，基本的complied遵照anxious焦急的imperative迫切的important重要的desirable合意的better较好的，更好insistent坚持的desired想要asked请求keen渴望的incredible难以置信的adamant坚定不移的natural自然的insisted 坚持necessary必要的suggested建议urgent紧迫的ordered命令shocked震惊的vital极其重要的possible可能的strange 奇怪的preferable好一点proposed提议requested要求的required要求的recommended推荐resolved决定的probable可能的pity可惜，憾事shame遗憾

C 表示建议、要求、命令、请求等含义的名词引导表语从句和同位语从句，例如：

The motion is that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.

该提议要求把最后一个发言的人的讲话从记录上除掉。

这类名词常见的有：

advice忠告decision决定demand要求desire要求、愿望insistence坚持motion提议necessity必要性order命令preference 偏爱，选择proposal提议pray恳求recommendation推荐request要求requirement要求resolution决心suggestion劝告，忠告

(2)虚拟语气用于as if(though)引起的方式状语从句和表语

从句中，其动词形式与wish宾语从句的形式相同。

例如：She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常发出发自内心的微笑，而且她那美好的情绪像天上一道明亮的阳光一样，常常流露出来。

They talked as if they had been friends for years.他们交谈着，就好像他们是多年的老朋友一样。

She looks as if she would cry.她看起来好像要哭了。

(3)由连接词in case ,so that, unless, lost, for fear that引起的状语从句中，谓语动词要用虚拟形式，即should(might ,would)+动词原形，

例如：She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold.她在那个婴儿的身上盖上了毯子以免他着凉。

(三)含蓄虚拟条件句

含蓄虚拟条件句是指句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。

常用来表示含蓄虚拟条件的手段有：

(1)介词或介词短语，如but for but that ,without ,in case of, under ,under more favourable condition等。

(2)连词，如：so that ,unless, in case supposing, lest, provided(倘若……)，for fear that(惟恐),in groups that ,on condition that, if only(要是……就好了)等。

(注：lest, for fear that和in case引起的从句中谓语动词多用should+动词原形，但可以不用虚拟语气，而用动词的陈述语气形式。)例如：

The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him.这位外籍教师说得很慢以免我们听不懂。

Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.

在使用此法时要小心谨慎，以免会发生溢流现象。

练习题，自测一下：

1. It's time that you _____ home and I'd rather you _______ again tomorrow.

A. would go ; would come

B. went ; came

C. go ; are coming

D. are going ; will come

2. He insisted that he ________ no help.

A. would need

B. needed

C. need

D. needs

3. I really wish such a noise ________ soon.

A. had stopped

B. would stop

C. stopped

D. will stop

4. I ____ you a more valuable present for your birthday, but I was short of money at that time.

A. much have bought

B. had bought

C. would have bought

D. would buy

5. If she could sew, she _______ herself a shirt.

A. had made

B. will make

C. would have made

D. made

6. _______ he come, the problem would be settled.

A. Would

B. Should

C. Shall

D. If

7. I _______ to stay there for one more week, but I changed my mind.

A. would have hoped

B. was hoping

C. had hoped

D. hoped

8. It's necessary that each child _________ the rules.

A. must obey

B. still obey

C. obeys

D. obey

9. The officer gave the order that soldiers ______ to go out at night

A. mustn't be allowed

B. not be allowed

C. be not allowed

D. shouldn't allow

10.His silence at the meeting suggested that he ______ to your plan.

A. shouldn't agree

B. wouldn't agree

C. hadn't agreed

D. didn't agree

11. You ______ to the meeting yesterday . What was the reason for your absence?

A. had come

B. came

C. would have come

D. should have come

12. He ______ the job well, but he _________ so careless.

A. hadn't done ; had been

B. could have done ; was

C. could do ; was

D. had done ; had been

13. There was plenty of time, she _______ have hurried.

A. wouldn't

B. needn't

C. couldn't

D. mustn't

14. He didn't come yesterday, or you ________ him.

A. had seen

B. might have seen

C. were to see

D. would see

15. Li Ning acted that way as though he _________ a foreigner.

A. were

B. had been

C. should be

D. is

16. "Have you visited the Science Museum?" "No, but I really wish I _______ ."

A. had

B. did

C. have

D. will

17. ______ he would have succeeded in the examinations.

A. If he has worked hard

B. If he works hard

C. If he worked hard

D. Had he worked hard

18.What would you do if the war ____________.

A. would break out

B. were to break out

C. will break out

D. is broken out

19. Our former maths teacher died of cancer last term, otherwise he _________ now.

A. would still be working

B. would still have worked

C. should still work

D. will still work

20. If it _______ so hard, we'd go to town.

A. isn't going to rain

B. doesn't

C. weren't raining

D. isn't raining

21. Without your help, I _______ the exam last term.

A. failed in

B. would have failed

C. wouldn't pass

D. would fail

22. But for the Party, he ______ of hunger 30 years ago.

A. died

B. would die

C. must have died

D. would have died

23. The doctor did everything he could so that he _________ save the soldier's life.

A. might

B. must

C. had to

D. was able to

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学设计集团档案编码：[YTTR-YTPT28-YTNTL98-UYTYNN08]

高中英语语法虚拟语气教学：The subjunctive mood 厦门第十中学吕瑞珠一、概述本节课是高中英语语法教学课，授课内容为虚拟语气，授课对象是高三年学生。从呈现、加深记忆、巩固到实践并将语言项目运用于写作中并做适当的点评，大概需要两课时。但我这里着重阐述的是第一课时的教学内容、教学策略等。通过本节语法教学课的学习，学生重新整合自己的有关虚拟语气的知识，复习已知的虚拟语气的表达形式如：I wish I could fly freely in the sky like a bird; It is high that you got up.等等，并学习新的表达形式如：The English teacher suggested that we should read the English newspaper every day; I would have passed the English exam if I had worker harder in the past 20 days.最为重要的是，学生在学习完虚拟语气的表达形式后，要在写作中运用。虚拟语气在高中英语语法的难点之一，多数学生感到费解，因此也更需要老师的指导与相应的实践与运用，并且较好地掌握虚拟语气的表达形式，有助于扫除学生阅读过程中对个别句子的理解。二、教学目标分析 1．知识与技能 1）复习学生已掌握的虚拟语气表达的句型： I wish I were… / I could … It is high time that you did your homework.. If I were you, I would… 2) 学习虚拟语气新的表达方式，尤其是if引导的虚拟条件状语从句，掌握与现在事实、与过去事实、与将来事实相反的三种虚拟语气的表达，特别是主句与从句时态的呈现；还有引导出的宾语从句需要运用虚拟语气的动词，如suggest, insist, propose, demand and so on. 3）培养学生运用所学知识表达自己的思想的能力。 2．过程与方法 1）引导学生在欣赏英文歌曲An Angel的情景教学过程中，开启对虚拟语气表达已有的知识记忆。

【英语】中考考点_虚拟语气知识点汇总(全)经典

【英语】中考考点_虚拟语气知识点汇总(全)经典一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I _______ you , I _______ do that . A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t C．am , won’t D．were , won’t 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should （would,could,might）+ 动词原形。故选D。考点：虚拟条件句。 2．If I not so busy ,I with you . A．was , would go B．were , would go C．was , should go D．were , will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。点睛： 3． If I you,I buy a bike for him. A．was,would B．was,could C．were,would D．were,could 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会给他买一辆自行车。buy sth for sb给某人买某物；本句用的是虚拟语气，表示与现在的事实相反，在虚拟语气中不能用was,而用were，因此选C。考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 4．— What would you do if you _______ a million dollars?

【英语】中考英语虚拟语气真题汇编(含答案)

【英语】中考英语虚拟语气真题汇编(含答案) 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1．– I coughed a lot last night. What should I do? – If I _____ you, I would go to see the doctor at once. A．am B．were C．was 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析: 句意：昨晚我不停地咳嗽，我应该怎么办？哪果我是你，我就会马上去看医生。此句为虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，虚拟语气的条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”，故选C。考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3．--- If I_______ one million dollars, I would give it to medical research. ---If I _______ you, I would give it to charity. A．will have, am B．would have, was C．had, were D．have, is 【答案】C 【解析】考察虚拟语气。第一空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时。第二空，虚拟语气，与现在相反，用过去时，be动词用were。故选C 4．--What would you do if you ____ a million dollars? --I’d give it to the charity A．win B．won C．will win D．is to win 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果你赢了一百万美元，你要做什么？——我会把它捐给慈善机构。结合语境可知条件从句中描述的是与将来相反的事实，故用一般过去时态，选B。考点：if引导的条件状语从句点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中

高三年级英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中 ①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。否定句时not留在原来位置不变。如： If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars)

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）

(英语)初中英语虚拟语气练习题及解析

（英语）初中英语虚拟语气练习题及解析一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver. A．think; are B．am thinking; are C．thought; were D．think; were 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。 3． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth. A. was , would tell B. were ,would tell C. am, will tell D．is , will tell 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一种是虚拟的条件句，if后用过去时，be用were，在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。 4．If I you, I the army. A．am, would join B．were, would join C．am, will join D．were, will join 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：句意:如果我是你,我会参军.结合语境可知本句是对客观状况的虚拟,故用过去时态,主句用过去将来时态.选B.

高中英语语法(虚拟语气)

Unit13虚拟语气专题讲解【知识要点】语气（mood）是一种动词形式，用以表示说话者的意图或态度。英语有三种语气：＊直陈语气（indicative mood）---- 事实 France lies to the east of England. ＊祈使语气（imperative mood）---- 请求、命令 Make yourself at home. ＊虚拟语气（subjunctive mood） If there were no air and water , we should not be able to live on the earth. 虚拟语气表示说话人的一种主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件而不一定是事实，或与事实相反。一. 虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法假设类型条件从句谓语动词形式主语谓语动词形式与现在事实相反动词的过去式(be用were而不用was) should/ would /could/ might+动词原形与过去事实相反had + 过去分词 should/ would/could /might + have+过去分词与将来事实相反1.should+动词原形 2.动词过去式 3.were to+动词原形 should/ would/ could/ might +动词原形 1. 在错综条件句子中，虚拟条件从句和主句动作发生的时间不一致，因此，主句和从句的谓语动词应根据所指的时间选用适当的虚拟语气形式。 1）If I were you，I wouldn't have missed the film last night． 2）If he had followed the doctor's advice，he would recover already．（从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） 2、在if虚拟条件句中，有时可把连词省去，采用倒装语序把谓语动词were或助动词did，had，should 移到句首构成非真实条件从句的另一种句型，其意思不变。 1）Had we time to spare，we would be glad to go to the park． 2）Were it not for the discovery of electricity，the modern world would experience great inconvenience． 3、有时假设的情况不用if引导虚拟条件从句来表述，而用介词（如without， but for等）引出的短语、分词（如supposing等）引出的短语、并列连词（如or，otherwise，but，though等）、由动词suppose引出的祈使句或通过上下文的意思来表达。此时句中谓语动词仍采用虚拟语气的相应形式。 1）But for your advice，I would not be able to do this work． 2）Victor obviously doesn't know what's happened，otherwise he wouldn't have made such a stupid remark．。

中考英语三个常考虚拟语气句型

中考英语三个常考虚拟语气句型一、句型介绍这两个句型是If it weren’t for…和If it hadn’t been for…，这是两个很常用的虚拟语气句型，也经常受到命题人的青睐，其意为“若不是(有)”“要不是有”。如： If it weren’t for water, no plant could grow. 要是没有水植物就无法生长。 You wouldn’t be anywhere if it weren’t for Ruth. 若不是有鲁思你不会有任何成就。 If it hadn’t been for the doctor, he would have died. 要不是医生救了他，他就会死了。 If it hadn’t been for Mary, I might not have understood. 要不是有玛丽，我可能还不理解。二、与but for, without等替换这两个句型有时可用but for, without等替换。如：要不是有你帮忙，我们是不会成功的。 If it hadn’t been for your assistance we wouldn’t have succeeded. =But for your assistance we wouldn’t have succeeded. =Without your assistance we wouldn’t have succeeded. 三、时间上的同与异

原则上说，if it weren’t [wasn’t] for 用于谈论现在的情况，而if it hadn’t been for 用于谈论过去的情况。但实际上if it weren’t [wasn’t] for有时也可用于谈论过去的情况：If it weren’t for their help, we couldn’t have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们是克服不了的。

初中英语虚拟语气技巧(很有用)及练习题

初中英语虚拟语气技巧(很有用)及练习题一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． If I ＿＿you . I＿＿study harder. A．am , will B．was, would C．were, would D．were, will 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会更努力学习。这个句子要用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反。所以用过去式were, would,故选C。考点：考查虚拟语气。 2．If I not so busy ,I with you . A．was , would go B．were , would go C．was , should go D．were , will go 【答案】B 【解析】句意“如果我不忙，我就跟你去”。本题考查对将来的虚拟语气。即“if+过去时，主语+should/would/could/might do”结构。故选B。点睛： 3．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。（1）、与现在事实相反

(完整)高中英语语法虚拟语气讲解

高中英语语法讲解--虚拟语气 1. 语气的定义和种类（1）语气的定义语气是动词的一种形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。（2）语气的种类 A. 陈述语气表示动作或状态是现实的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句。 We are not ready. Did it rain all day yesterday? What a fine day today！ B. 祈使语气表使说话人的建议、请求、邀请、命令等。 Be careful. Don’t forget to clo se the window. Open the door, please. C. 虚拟语气表使动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。 2. 虚拟语气一. 虚拟语气在条件句中的应用学习虚拟语气在条件句中的用法之前我们必须清楚条件句的种类：条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如： If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic. 假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。 Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。 1. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+动词原形。如： If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。） If he came here, he might be able to help you. 如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。） 2. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should （would, might，could）+ have ＋过去分词。如：She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.

大学英语语法-虚拟语气

虚拟语气 1. I wish (that可省略,下同)I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个答案。(事实上是不知道) 2. He wishes he hadn't lost the chance. 他真希望没有失去机会。(其实已失去) 3. You wished she would arrive the next day.(would + arrive) 你希望她第二天会到。(事实上她还没到) Subjunctive Mood作为专门表达假设意义和其他非事实意义的动词形式，仅是古英语遗留下来的残余。它仅有两个形式，即be型虚拟式和were型虚拟式。 Be型虚拟]----- be型虚拟式是以动词原形表示的，不管主语是什么人称，动词一律用原形，如动词为被动态，则助动词be也用原形。其主要用法如下： 1)用于表命令、决定、建议、坚持等词语之后的that分句中这一用法又分三种情况： a)用在 decide,decree,demand,insist,move,order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require, suggest,vote等动词之后的that分句中.（宾语从句）在expect, believe, think, suspect等动词的否定或疑问形式后的宾语从句中，我们经常用“should＋动词原形(或完成形式)”，表示惊奇，怀疑，不满等。 He ordered that all the books be sent at once. He ordered that all the books be sent at once. we propose that somebody neutral take the chair. She insisted that she go to the south for her holiday. b)用在 advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting,imperative,important,impossible,nece ssary,obligatory,proper等形容词之后的that分句中。（主语从句） It is essential that all the facts be examined first. It was appropriate that thisi tax be abolished. I thousht it advisable that an armed guard stand in readiness. c)用在 decision,decree,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution等名词之后的that分句中。 The board has given instructions that the agent fly to Boston. We were faced with the demand that this tax be abolished. Their decision was that the school remain closed. 在这一用法中be型虚拟式能与“should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。 He ordered that the books be sent at once . = He ordered that the books should be sent at onc. = He ordered that the books to be sent at once. 2）用于由if,though等引导的分句中.

初三英语虚拟语气讲解及练习题

浅谈初中英语虚拟语气的用法一．语气的概念英语动词不仅有时态、语态等的变化，而且还有语气的变化。语气和时态、语态一样都是英语的语法现象。从形式上看，语气是动词的一种变化形式。从意义上讲，语气是表示说话人对某一行为或某一事情的看法和态度。根据说话人的意图，语气可分3种： ⑴直陈语气（又叫陈述语气）——用来陈述事实（或提问题）等。可以用于陈述句，也可以用于疑问句或感叹句。 ⑵祈使语气——用来提出请求或命令等。主要用于祈使句。 ⑶虚拟语气——见下面。语气和时态是截然不同的概念，但语气要通过动词的时态形式表示出来。二．虚拟语气㈠概念通常是表示说话人所说的话不是一种事实，而是一种纯粹的假设、虚拟、主观愿望或建议等。可以用于陈述句，也可以用于疑问句等。㈡动词形式虚拟语气的动词形式大多数情况是用动词（相应）的过去时（相对直陈语气而言）。动词be若用过去式时可以一律用were。㈢应用 ⑴在含有条件状语从句的复合句中的应用。表示纯粹的假设，或可能性很小的情况。主从句的谓语动词主要形式如下：例：1）If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. 2）What would you do if you had a million dollars ? 3）If you had come a few minutes earlier, you would have met him. 4）If he hadn’t been strict with himself, he wouldn’t have made such progress. ⑵在wish等宾语从句中的应用。表示纯粹的主观愿望，不可能实现的，或实现的可能性极小的情况。宾语从句谓语动词根据具体情况常可用一般过去时，过去将来时或过去完成时等。例如： 1）I wish that I could help him now. 我现在要是能帮上他该多好啊！或我多么希望现在能帮上他！（言下之意：我现在帮不上他，没能力帮助他） 2）I wish I could come here tomorrow. 明天我要是能来这儿就好了！（言下之意：我明天根本不可能来这儿，或我明天能来这儿的可能性很小） 3）We wish he hadn’t gone. 他要是没有走该多好啊！ ⑶用在suggest等的宾语从句中，表是纯粹的建议。句型为：suggest(ed) that … (should) + 动词原形…（should可省略） 1）He suggests that we (should) visit the museum. 2) We suggested that he _____ here every day. A. come B. comes C. came D. can come E. could come 虚拟语气的几种特殊用法 1.省掉if的条件从句结构： Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…) 2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如： A true friend would not do such a thing. (=If he were a true friend, he...) (=If there were no water,…) (=If you hadn’t helped me,…)

人教版初中英语九年级教案之 unit4 + 虚拟语气

Unit 4 What would you do? 在本单元内我们要完成以下学习任务： 1．学习表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构。 2．学习谈论一些假设的、虚拟的情况。 3．学习使用虚拟语气提出建议。一、重难点提示 1．What would you do if you had a lot of money? 如果你有很多钱你将做什么？这是一个与现在事实相反的假设，用的是虚拟语气。虚拟语气用来表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。虚拟语气通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。在本单元中出现的是虚拟语气中的一种：表示与现在事实相反的一种假设，与if引导的条件状语从句一起使用。结构：条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去式（动词be多用were），主句中的动词用would＋动词原形。 e.g. —What would you do if you had a million dollars? 假如你有一百万美元你将干什么？ —If I had a million dollars, I’d buy a plane and travel around the world. 我将买一架飞机并周游世界。 e.g. If I were you, I’d wear a shirt and tie. 如果我是你，我会穿衬衣打领带。 I’d=I would 2．What if everybody else is wearing jeans and T-shirts? 如果别人都穿牛仔裤、T恤衫怎么办呢？ what if的用法：（1）如果……怎么办？ e.g. What if I don’t know anyone? 如果我不认识任何人怎么办？（2）即使……又有什么关系？ e.g. What if he goes angry? 即使他生气又有什么关系？ 3．—What are you like? 你是个什么样的人？ —I think I’m creative and outgoing. 我想我具备创造力并且善于交际。 ※注意以下几个句子所询问的不同内容：（1）What are you like?(like是介词)询问的是性格（personality）。（2）What do you like? (like是动词)询问的是爱好(hobby)。

【英语】中考英语分类汇编虚拟语气1

【英语】中考英语分类汇编虚拟语气1 一、初中英语虚拟语气 1． ---Tom is always making so many mistakes in his English exercises! --- Yeah. If he ________ more careful, he ________ fewer mistakes. A．was; will make B．is; would make C．were; will make D．were; would make 【答案】D 【解析】试题分析：句意：汤姆总是在英语练习中犯那么多的错误！—如果他能更细心一些，他就会犯更少的错误。表示与现在事实相反的假设，If+主语+动词过去式（be动词用were），主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形。根据题意及句型，故选D。考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。 2．--------- Come and join us, Jim! ---------- I’m sorry I can’t . If I _______ time, I would certainly go. A．will have B．have had C．had D．had had 【答案】C 【解析】试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。（1）、与现在事实相反若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” （2）、与过去事实相反若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词” （3）、与将来事实相反若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：句意：吉姆，来加入我们吧！抱歉，我不能。如果我有时间，我肯定会去的。结合语境可知下文中表示与现在相反的事实，故条件状语从句中用一般故去时态，选C。考点：考查虚拟语气 3． If I ______ you, I _____the job. A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C

高考英语语法难点：虚拟语气

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