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中考必背的20组词语辨析_试题集锦_中考专题_挑战考试_英语学习辅导

中考必背的20组词语辨析_试题集锦_中考专题_挑战考试_英语学习辅导报

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中考必背的20组词语辨析

发表日期：2010年3月24日出处：中国英语教师网【编辑录入：ell】

1. after, in

这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思｡

after 以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中｡如:

She went after three days. 她是三天以后走的｡ in 以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中｡如:

She will go in three days. 她三天以后要走｡

2. how long, how often, how soon

how long指多长时间,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four

weeks 等)提问｡如:How long ago was it? 这是多久前的事了?

how often指每隔多久,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问｡如:

—How often does he come here? 他(每隔)多久来一次?

—Once a month.每月一次｡

how soon指再过多久,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two

weeks 等)提问｡如:

How soon can you come? 你多快能赶来?

3. few, a few, little, a little, several, some few 和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a

little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”｡

few 和 a few修饰可数名词;little 和 a little 修饰不可数名词｡

several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思｡

some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或 a

little,有时指更多一些的数量｡

4. the other, another

the other 指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指｡如:

We stood on one side of the road and they stood on the other. 我们站在街这边,他们站在那边｡

another着重于不定数目中的“另外一个”,表示泛指,所以常用来指至少三个中的一个｡如:

She has taken another of my books. 她已经拿了我的另外一本书｡

5. spend, take, cost, pay

spend的宾语通常是时间､金钱｡在主动语态中,句子的主语必须是人,而且后面不能用动词不定式做它的宾语｡如:

She spent the whole evening in reading.

她把整个晚上用来读书｡

take常常用来指“花费”时间,句子的主语通常是表示事物的词语｡如:

How long will this job take you?你做这项工作要花多长时间?

cost 指花费时间､金钱或力气等,只能用表示事物的词做主语,并且不能用于被动语态｡如:

How much does the jacket cost?这件夹克多少钱?

pay 主要指主语(某人)买某物(或为某事)付多少钱(给某人)｡如:

I pay for my rooms by month. 我按月支付租金｡

6. speak, say, talk, tell

这四个动词都有“说”的意思｡speak的意思是“讲话;演讲”,着重指说话的动作,指开口说或连续不断地说,多用作不及物动词;用作及物动词时,其宾语是语言名称｡如:

He can speak Japanese. 他会说日语｡

say的意思是“说;讲”,一般用作及物动词,着重指说话的内容｡它的宾语可以是名词､代词或直接引语等｡如:

She says, “Don’t draw on the wall!”她说:“别在墙上画画!”

talk的意思是“说;讲;谈话”,与speak意义比较接近,但不如speak正式,着重强调两人之间的相互谈话,也可指单方面的谈话｡如:

She is talking with John in English.她正在和约翰用英语交谈｡

tell意为“告诉;讲述;吩咐”,多指以口头方式将某事告诉某人,常接双宾语｡除了story,

news, truth, joke, lie(谎言)等直接宾语外,还可以接人等间接宾语｡如:

She is telling the children a story.她正在给孩子们讲故事｡

7. among, between

between 的意思是“在……中间,在……之间”,一般指在两者之间｡如:

There is a table between two windows.

在两扇窗户之间有一张桌子｡

between 有时也表示在多于两个以上的事物之间,但那是指在每二者之间｡如:

the relationship between different provinces and municiplities

省市和省市之间的关系(这里是指每两个省市之间的相互关系｡)

among 的意思是“在……中间､在……之中”,一般指在三个或三个以上的同类事物之中｡如:

The teacher distributed them among the students.

老师把这些东西分给了学生｡

8. beat, win

这两个词都有“获胜,打败”的意思,但其后宾语不同｡beat是“打败,优于”的意思,后面接人或队｡如:We

beat them. 我们打败了他们｡

win指“赢,获胜”,后面接比赛､名次｡如:

We won the match/game/race/the first place.

我们赢了这场比赛(获得了第一名)｡

9. agree with, agree on, agree to

agree on表示“就……取得一致意见”｡如:

We all agree on (making) an early start.

我们一致同意及早出发｡

agree

with表示“与……意见一致”,后面既可以跟表示人的名词或人称代词,也可以跟表示意见､看法的名词或what引导的从句｡如:

I agree with you without reservation.我毫无保留地同意你的意见｡

We agree with what you said just now.我们同意你刚才所说的意见｡

agree to后面不能接人,只能接“提议,计划,方案”等词句｡如:

I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意拟议的条件｡

10. bring, take, carry, fetch

这四个词都是动词,都含有“带”或“拿”的意思,但使用的场合各不相同｡

bring作“带来,拿来”解｡如:

Next time don’t forget to bring me a copy of your work.

下次不要忘了把一份你的作品带给我｡

take是bring的对语,作“带去,拿去”解｡如:

Take the box away, please. 请把盒子拿走｡

carry表示“运载,携带”之意,运送的方式很多,可以用车､船,也可以用手甚至用头｡如:

This bus is licensed to carry 100 passengers.

这辆巴士准载一百人｡

fetch则表示“去拿来”的意思｡如:

Please fetch me the documents in that room.

请到那间房间去把文件拿来给我｡

11. each, every

两词都是“每个”的意思,但着重点不同｡each着重个别的情况,every着重全体,有“所有的”的意思｡如:

She knows each student of the class.她认识这个班里的每一个学生｡

She knows every student of the class.她认识这个班所有的学生｡

12. no one, none

one指“没有人(只能指人,不能用来指物)”,意思与nobody 相同,作主语时不必跟of连用,如:

No one believes him since he is not honest.

没有人相信他,因为他不诚实｡

No one else but I went. 除我以外,谁也没去｡ none指“一个也没有(既可指人,也可指物)”,作主语时代

替不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;代替可数名词,谓语动词用单､复数都可以

｡但在“主+系+表”结构中,如果表语为复数,则系动词要用复数形式｡如:

None of us are(is) afraid of difficulties.

我们谁也不怕困难｡

13. go on doing, go on to do, go on with

这三个动词短语都有“继续做某事”的意思,其区别如

下:go on

doing表示“继续做,一直在做某事(中间无间断)”;go on

do表示“接着做某事”,即某事已做完,接着做另一件事;go

with也表示“继续做某事”,其含义是某一动作一度中止

后,又继续下去｡

14. too much, much too

二者都有“太,非常”之意,much too为副词词组,修饰形

容词､副词,不可修饰动词｡如:

It’s much too cold.天气实在是太冷了｡

too much作“太多”讲,有以下三种用法｡

(1)作名词词组｡如:

You have given us too much. 你给我们的太多了｡

(2)作形容词词组修饰不可数名词｡如

:Don’t drink too much wine. 不要饮太多的酒｡

(3)作副词词组修饰不及物动词｡如:

She talks too much. 她说话太多｡

15. lonely, alone

二者都可表示“孤独,独自”,alone指客观存在的“孤独”,

而lonely更偏重一种主观感受上的“寂寞”｡如:

I went alone. 我是一个人去的｡

Mary lived alone, but she didn’t feel lonely.

玛丽孤身一人生活,但她并不感到孤独｡

16. happen, take place与occur

happen有“偶然”的意思,多用于客观事物､情况

的发生｡如:

Whatever has happened to your arm? It’s all

swollen. 你的手臂怎么了?肿得好历害｡

occur 指有计划地使某些事“发生”｡有时强调“呈

现”于人的知觉中｡如:

Did it occur to you to phone them about

it?你难道没想到就这事给他们打个电话?

具体事物､事件作主语时,happen和occur可以通

用｡如:

The accident happened/occurred yesterday.

事故是昨天发生的｡

take place 指事件发生,但常用来表示“举行”的意思,带有非偶然性｡例如:

The meeting took place last night.会议昨晚举行｡

17. in front of, in the front of

in front of的意思是“在……前面”｡如:

There is a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树｡

in the front of的意思是“在……前部”,指在某个空间范围内的前面｡如:

There is a blackboard in the front of the

classroom. 教室里前部有一块黑板｡

18. find, find out

两者都有“发现”的意思,但语义有差别｡find有偶然发现某物的意味｡如:

He found a bag on the floor. 他发现地板上有个书包｡

find out指“经过,探听,询问”,指调查之后的“发现”或“弄清楚”｡如:

Please find out who took my book by

mistake.请查清楚谁错拿了我的书｡

19. noise, voice, sound

这三个词都作“声音”解,在表示“听到声音”这个意思时,三者可以通用｡但它们又各有特定的含义｡

sound 作“声音”解,含义最广,指可以听到的任何声音,如:a weak sound

微弱的声｡

noise作“噪音,嘈杂声,吵闹声”解,指不悦耳,不和谐的声音｡它既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词｡如:

Another kind of pollution is noise. 另外一种污染是噪音｡

voice 作“声音”解时,多指人发出的声音,包括说话声､歌声和笑声｡如:

He shouted at the top of voice.

他高声呼喊｡有时也用于引申意义,作“意见､发言权”解｡如:

I have no voice in the matter. 对于这件事,我没有发言权｡

20. arrive, get, reach

三者均可表示“到达”,arrive后通常接介词at(一般用于较小的地方)或

in(一般用于较大的地方)｡如:We arrived at the station five

minutes late. 我们晚了5分钟到车站｡又如:

They will arrive in Paris next Monday.

他们将于下周星期一到达巴黎｡

get之后通常接介词to｡如:

When we got to the park, it began to rain.

我们到达公园时,就开始下雨了｡

reach是及物动词(较 get更正式),其后可直接跟地点名词做宾语(不能用介词)｡如:

He reached Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到达北京｡

上一篇：四级作文真题分析之一

下一篇：四级作文真题分析之二

中考英语词语运用做题技巧[1]

中考英语词语运用专项练习每日谚语 Diligence is the first step to succeed.自信是走向成功的第一步。学习目标：1，熟记词性变化顺口溜，以防选词正确但词性错误而前功尽弃。 2，认真研究领悟技巧分析的24条经验总结，以达到以不变应万变。 3，通过本节课的学习，努力让自己的词语运用题能提高1-2分。解题策略（步骤）: 研、寻、定、查解题技巧 A 分析词性：各种词性本身的变化情况为了方便记忆，试着记住下面的顺口溜：空前空后要注意，名词单复要牢记，还有’s不能弃；动词注意要变形（共4种）；形、副注意用三级；要填数词请留意，千万别忘“基”和“序”；填入代词需慎重，五格变化要谨记；介词、连词最省力，看见照抄就可以。 B.注意各种词性之间的相互转换。 1.v.+er/or--n.(人) eg. teach visit invent 2.adj.+ly---adv. eg. Careful quick 3.n.+ly---adj. eg. Friend month 4.adj---n. eg.Important different health 5.v.---adj. eg.die miss 6.v.+tion---n. eg. Invent pollute 7.v.+ment---n. eg. develop move 8.adj.+ness---n. eg. happy sad

9.--less是adj.的词尾,并且是反义eg. careful helpful C.具体情况分析 1.be后面可以填三种形式：现在分词、过去分词或形容词。- - - be + Ving构成进行时；be + adj.表状态; be +Ved2 构成被动语态 2.冠词、形容词、物主代词和名词所有格后填名词。 ----- a/an/the + n. ; adj. + n. ；物主代词+n. ; n’s +n. 3.名词前可填形容词、形容词性物主代词或名词所有格。 ------ adj. +n. ；物主代词+n.；n’s+n 4.动词或动词短语后填副词------v.+ adv. 或adv. +v. 5.两个句子之间填连词 6.冠词和名词之间填形容词。------冠词+ adj. +n. 7.have/has/had 后首先考虑填动词的过去分词 ------have /has /had +Ved2构成现在完成时态 8.数字(除one外)后面填名词复数,序数词后填名词单数。 ------基数词(除one外)+ n. (pl.)序数词+n.(单数) 9.如果需要填数词，则看名词，名词是复，填基数词；名词是单数填序数词或one --基数词+ n. (pl.) 序数词/ one +n.(单数) 10.通过所缺词前后的关键词，填出答案。如： many / few / several / most + n. (pl.) ; much + -er ; -er +than 11.句首空词，并且后面有逗号，考虑填副词。 ------However,/Luckily ,/ Unluckily Also, / Most importantly , +句子 12.句中不缺成分，考虑填副词，句末一定是副词 13.通过固定短语填出所缺的词。 eg. keep in touch with ; play a joke on ; be on a visit to

2019中考英语真题专题汇编之词语运用及解析

make progress on the piano, one day, a boy 70. to a Paderewski’s concert by his mother. After they were seated, the mother saw a friend and walked up to g reet her, leaving the boy alone in 71. seat. Catching the chance to explore the wonders of the concert hall, the little boy stood up and finally made his way through a door 72. marked “No Admittance(进入)” . Soon, the hall got dark and the concert about to begin. When the mother 73. to her seat, discovered that the child was missing. Suddently the lights focused on the piano on the stage. In surprise, the mother

work can be truly beautiful. Next time, you set out to achieve great works, listen carefully. You can hear the voice of the master, whispering in your ear, “Don’t stop. Keep playing.” 解析 70. 考查一般过去时的被动语态,一天，一个小男孩被他妈妈带到帕德雷夫斯基的音乐会。根据后文“by his mother”及上下文时态可知was taken。 71. 考查物主代词。根据上下文可知“把小男孩独自留在他的座位

D_中考英语词语运用专项训练 (讲义)

中考英语词语运用专项训练【知识点睛】一、中考词语运用命题特点河南中考对词汇的考查主要集中在______________、______________及 _____________和______________等几个方面。这就要求考生在平时一定要熟记大纲所规定的考查单词及相关短语搭配，明辨同一词根的词的不同用法，更重要的是要做到对单词的词形/性变化及语法知识的活学活用。预计河南中考对词汇的考查重点在实词的拼写、词形/性变化及同一词根的词的不同用法上。二、考察目标该题型旨在考查学生的英语基础知识和综合运用英语的能力。该题型将重点考查：同一词根的不同词性变化；序数词与基数词的区别运用；名词的单复数及所有格；代词的用法；形容词和副词比较等级的运用以及动词各种时态语态的灵活运用。三、解题策略 1.认真查看所给的单词，弄清楚每个单词的意思及词性。如动词一般作谓语，形容词常作表语或定语，副词作状语等。 2.跳开空格，快速通读文章，初步了解文章框架、大意，获取有用信息。 3.认真阅读挖空的句子，弄清楚句子的结构及句子大意，特别是空格前后单词的词性，这很关键。因为空格前后的单词往往是选择所要填入空格的单词最重要的依据。 4.根据句意，从所给单词中筛选最恰当的单词填入空格中。注意有时候词性要作相应的变化。 5.认真研读完成后的短文和句子，看句子结构是否合理，句意是否完整并符合逻辑，以便确定答案。四、解题步骤明确所给词的词性→弄清所给句子的意思→确定空白处所需的词性→正确写出所填的词五、应试策略 1.对中考课标和考试说明中要求掌握的词汇必须通过听写或练习掌握，牢固掌握单词不仅有益于答好词汇题，更是做好其他题型的前提。 2.重视背单词的_________，并熟知不同词性的作用。 3.注意结合语境去填对__________，（学生最爱用动原，名词单数），答题时画出关键词，名词考虑“单复数”，形副考虑“原比最”，数词考虑“基序词”，动词考虑“时态语态”等。 4.练习各种题型，如用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空，根据首字母补全单词，用方框中单词短语正确形式填空等。 5.每天做几道题，作业经常训练，长期坚持必有收获。 6.摘录错题，错题反复看。

中考英语词汇运用专项练习(含答案)

名词专项 1.识别可数名词，不可数名词 2.可数名词单数变复数及其修饰语 3.名词所有格 4.变名词 1) +er / or / ist / ian (play --- player; visit --- visitor; science --- scientist; music --- musician) 2) +ion / sion (collect --- collection; decide --- decision) 3) +ment (develop --- development) 4) +ing (mean --- meaning; paint --- painting) 5) +ure (press --- pressure) 6) +ness (kind --- kindness; happy --- happiness) 7) +y / ty (difficult --- difficulty; honest --- honesty; safe --- safety) 8) t变ce (important --- importance; silent --- silence) Group 1 得分： 1. ___________ say five minutes laughter is as good for you as fifteen minutes in the sports hall. (doctor) 2. Wang Ping tried his best and saved the ___________ life. (baby) 3. The proper time to rest should between 10 and 30 ___________. (minute) 4. Now more and more people in the cities keep ___________ as their friends. (pet) 5. Many young parents choose to buy some books as presents on ___________ Day. (children) 6. Parents sometimes have difficulty understanding the strange ___________ in their children’s mind.

中考英语词汇运用专题练习

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河南中考英语词语运用专项练习

阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。请每空限填一词，每词限用一次。方框中有两项多余的。 Are you st ill doing the V for victory sign? It’s out. The latest popular hand gesture（手势）is putting both of your hands and put them together to make a heart—shape. It is 66 “hand heart”. Many young pop 67 in the US have done the move in recent photos. “The ‘hand heart’ gesture means something 68 ‘I love you’ and ‘thank you’, ”said Taylor Swift, the country singer. “You c an send a sweet，simple message without 69 a word.” Swift often does it at her concerts. And she is believed to be the first to 70 it popular. Last month，Justin Bieber and 71 superstar friends did the “ hand heart” and put the photos online. They did it to help out three kids whose parents were killed in a car accident. “It used to take much 72 for nonverbal（非语言的）culture to move. But now ,It moves faster 73 we have smart phones and the Internet. In the Republic of Korea, the “hand heart “ has been 74 for a long time, but in a different 75 . People there put their hands above their heads and making a bigger heart shape with their arms. It means: “I love you.” 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 71. 72. 73. 74. 75.

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