2014全国高考英语试题分类汇编之名词性从句

2014全国高考汇编之名词性从句

一（2014北京卷）30. The best moment for the football star was _______ he scored the winning goal.

A. where

B. when

C. how

D. why

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】B

【解析】本题属于名词性从句中的表语从句。句意：对这位球星来说最好的时刻就是他射门得分的时候。Where表示地点，how表示方式，why结果；只有when表示的是时间。故B 正确。

【试题延伸】表语从句就是用一个句子作为表语。说明主语是什么或者怎么样，由名词、形容词或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语充当，和连系动词一起构成谓语。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接表语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。that引导表示陈述句的表语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.

【举一反三】I am afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is ______ he never finishes anything.

A. that

B. when

C. where

D. why

【答案】D

【考点】考查表语从句。

【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原因。本文“which is..”引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表语从句根据句意用“why”引导。

二（2014北京卷）33.Some people believe _______ has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself in the future.

A. whatever

B. whenever.

C. whereever

D. however

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】A

【解析】本句考察的是“特殊疑问词+ever”引导的主语从句。句意：一些人认为之前发生的或现在正在发生的任何事情在将来都会重复发生。Whatever has happened before or is happening now是一个主语从句，whatever既引导起这个主语从句，也在句中做主语。BCD 三项都属于副词的性质，都不能做主语，通常只能做状语。故A正确。

【举一反三】She is very dear to us. We have been prepared to do it takes to save her life.

A. whichever

B. however

C. whatever

D. whoever

〖答案〗C

〖考点〗名词性从句的引导词。

〖解析〗句意为：她对我们来说是非常宝贵, 我们已经准备好做一切来拯救她的生命。句中缺少宾语, 选项中只有whatever符合句意可引导宾语从句作动词do的宾语并在从句中充当动词take to的宾语。答案C。

三（2014大纲卷）24. Exactly ____ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565.

A. whether

B. why

C. when

D. how

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】C

【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句中的主语从句。在本句中Exactly when the potato was introduced into Europe.句义：土豆确切是在何时被引进到欧洲还不确定，但是大约是在1565年左右。Whether表示“是否”，why表示“原因”；how表示“方式”。根据后半句it was probably around 1565.可知本句谈论的是时间。故C正确。

【试题延伸】主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。连接主语从句的从属连词主要有that, if, whether，和疑问词（what how where when ...)。that引导表示陈述句的主语从句，if和whether，whether...or not引导表示“是否”，引导一般疑问句。连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whosever,whatever,whichever等。连接代词一般指

疑问，但what, whatever除了指疑问外，也可以指陈述。连接副词主要有when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever, however等.

【举一反三】It suddenly occurred to him he had left his keys in the office.

A．whether B．where C．which D．that

【答案】D

【考点】考察名词性从句当中的主语从句。

【解析】it作形式主语，真正的主语为that he had left his keys in the office。且that在句中无意义，并不充当任何成分。

四（2014福建卷）34. Pick yourself up. Courage is doingyou're afraid to do.

A. that

B. what

C. how

D. whether

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】B

【解析】本句是名词性从句中的宾语从句。What在句中充当引导词，同时也是动词do的宾语。句义：站起来！有了勇气，你才可以去做你不敢做的事情。ACD都不能在句中做宾语。故B正确。

【举一反三】He thought mattered most in improving your spoken English was enough confidence and practice.

A．Why B．What C．Which D．That

【答案】B

【解析】考查宾语从句的连接词。此处what作宾语从句的主语。句意：他认为提高英语口语的关键是有足够的信心和练习。

五（2014湖南卷）24. As John Lennon once said，life is_____ happens to you while you are busy making other plans.

A. which

B.that

C. what

D. where

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】C

【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句中的表语从句。本题中的what happens to you是一个表语从句，从句中缺少主语和连词。所以使用what引导起这个表语从句，what在句中做主语。BD在名词性从句中不做主语。Which在名词性从句中表示“哪一个”，一直都有疑问的语义。句义：正如John Lennon曾经说过：生活就是当你忙于制定其他的计划使，所发生在你

身上的事情。故C正确。

【试题延伸】名词性从句要使用陈述语序，考查集中在引导词的选择上，连接词that, whether, if在句中不充当任何成分，只起连接作用；连接代词who(ever), which(ever), whom(ever),whose(ever),what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可‘望句形生答案’总的来说，考生在解答此类题型时，可用排除法，造句法或者还原法。

【举一反三】_____ is known to us all is that the 2010 Asian Games will take place in Guangzhou.

A. It

B. What

C. As

D. Which

【答案】B

【解析】主要考查从句引导词。首先分析句子结构，所缺部分在主句从句中作主语。选项中只有what(=the thing which)引导名词性从句，并且What is known to us all在句中作主语。故B为正确答案。

六（2014江苏卷）26. —What a mess! You are always so lazy!

—I'm not to blame, mum. I am ________ _____you have made me.

A. how

B. what

C. that

D. who

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】B

【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句中的表语从句。表语从句通常都是放在系动词be的后面，说明主语的情况。本句中的what引导起宾语从句，并在宾语从句里放在made me的后面做宾语补足语。句意：—真乱啊！你总说这么懒！—我不应该受到责备。是你让我成为这样的。That在表语从句中不能做成分，how在句中做状语。Who指人，通常都做主语。故B正确。【举一反三】Why not try your luck downtown, Bob? That’s the best jobs are.

A.where

B.what

C.when

D.why

〖答案〗A

〖考点〗本题考查名词性从句。

〖解析〗句意为：为什么不到市中心商业区去碰碰运气呢, 鲍勃？那是最好的工作所在的地方。where “……的地方”, 在此引导表语从句。

七（2014山东卷）7. It is difficult for us to imagine_____ life was like for slaves in the ancient world.

A. where

B. what

C. which

D. why

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】B

【解析】本题考察的是名词性从句。动词imagine后面含有一个宾语从句what life was like for slaves in the ancient world。What引导起这个宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作为介词like的宾语。句义：对我们来说很难想象古代的奴隶的生活。Where和why不能在句中做宾语，which 一直都表示疑问的意思“哪一个”。故B正确。

【举一反三】The shocking news mad me realize ________ terrible problems we would face.

A. what

B. how

C. that

D. why

【答案】A

【考点】考查名词性从句中的宾语从句。

【解析】由句中的IS可知其前面是由what引导的主语从句，且what在从句中作offer的宾语，故答案为A项。

八（2014四川卷）2. Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That's ______ I was born."

A. when

B. how

C. why

D. where

【考点】考察名词性从句中的表语从句

【答案】D

【解析】本句是名词性从句中的表语从句。When通常指时间；how指方式；why表示原因。Where指地点；本句中的关键词是the hospital，表示的是地点。句意：奶奶指着那个医院说：那就是我出生的地方。故D正确。

【举一反三】—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.

—That’s_______I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.

A.where

B.how

C.when

D.what

〖答案〗A

〖解析〗这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用where. 用表语从句。

九（2014天津卷）14. I think _______ impresses me about his painting is the colours he uses. A. what B. that C. which D. who

【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】A

【解析】本题中的I think是一个插入语，可以省略。实际上本句中的what impresses me是一个主语从句，what既是这个主语从句的引导词，也在句中做主语。句义：关于他的画我

认为给我留下深刻印象的是他所使用的颜色。That在名词性出中不充当成分，which指特定范围之内的“哪一个”；who通常都是指人。故A正确。

【举一反三】is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. A.It B.What C.As D.Which

〖答案〗B

〖考点〗考查主语从句。

〖解析〗分析题干结构“ is known to us all”是主语从句, 从句中缺少主语, what引导主语从句, 在从句中作主语。如果选it, 需去掉all后的is;如果选as;需去掉is that。

十（2014浙江卷）8. “Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to tell me.

A. what

B. how

C. that

D. whether 【考点】考察名词性从句

【答案】A

【解析】本题是名词性从句中的表语从句。What my mother used to tell me和系动词is构成系表结构，what既是这个从句的引导词，也在从句里充当动词tell的宾语。句意：这是我妈妈过去常常告诉我的事情。CD两项在从句中不充当任何成分，只是引导词而已。How意为“如何”，与上下文含义不相符。故A正确。

【试题延伸】在复合句中做主语的从句叫做主语从句，它的位置与陈述句基本结构中的主语相同。引导主语从句的关联词有：连词：that, whether；连接代词：who, whom, whose, what, which；连接副词：when, where, why, how；复合词：whatever, whoever, whomever, when?蛳ever, wherever, whichever, however.解答这类题目，关键在于分析清楚句子结构。通过判断引导词在从句中所作的成分及意义，来选择正确的引导词。

【举一反三】People have heard what the president has said; they are waiting to see ____ he will do.

A. how

B. what

C. when

D. that

〖答案〗B

〖考点〗此题考查what引导的宾语从句

〖解析〗此题考查what引导的宾语从句, 在从句中作do的宾语。排除A/C/D故选B.

十一（2014重庆卷）12.—Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday? —Yeah, but I have no idea ____ he did it; that’s one of his favorite uni versities.

A. when

B. Why

C. that

D. how

【考点】考察同位语从句连词辨析

【答案】B

【解析】本题实际上是一个同位语从句，是对名词idea的内容进行的说明。句意：—Mike 拒绝了耶鲁大学的录取，这是真的吗？—是的，我不知道他为什么要这样做。耶鲁大学是他最喜欢的大学之一。短语have no idea后面可以使用多种形式的同位语结构，如have no idea where to go等。根据句意可知使用why表示原因。故B正确。

【试题延伸】同位语从句属于名词性从句，大多由从属连词that引导，常常跟在fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark, hope, belief等名词后面。同位语从句一般用来解释或说明这些名词的具体含义或内容，在逻辑上表现为同位关系。同位语从句与that引导的定语从句：（1）从先行词看，同位语从句与名词之间在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的同位关系。该名词是需要作特殊说明的抽象名词。例如：They were delighted at the news that their team had won. The news was that their team had won. (2)从引导词来看，引导词that在同位语从句中是连词，只起连接作用，无具体词义，that不可省略；that在定语从句中是关系代词，它在从句中充当一定成分——主语或宾语，有具体词义，作宾语时还可以省略。(3)同位语从句的简易判断方法，同位语从句与其先行词在逻辑上是“主语+be+表语”的同位关系。所以，可以在名词和从句之间加系动词be，使之构成一个新句子，如果合乎逻辑，句子通顺，则原句为同位语从句；定语从句是不能够用系表结构把先行词与从句连接起来的。

高考英语真题分类汇编各种题型全汇总

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2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词

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2018－2019年全国Ⅰ卷高考语文真题名句默写答案 1.[2018年·全国卷Ⅲ]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。（6分） （1）《荀子·劝学》中举例论证借助外物的重要性时说，终日殚精竭虑思考，却“”,踮起脚极目远望，也“”。 （2）诸葛亮在《出师表》中回顾汉代历史，认为亲近贤臣，疏远小人，“”；而亲近小人，疏远贤臣，“”。 （3）李煜《虞美人（春花秋月何时了）》中，春花秋月之外，“”也是勾起作者故国之思的景象；而“”，则是作者无尽愁绪的形象描绘。 2.[2019年·全国卷Ⅲ]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。（6分） （1）《论语·子罕》中，孔子用“，”两句话阐明，一个普通人，也是有坚定志向的；要改变一个人的志向，是很困难的。 （2）《师说》中，对于为子择师自己却耻于学习这种现象，韩愈最后的评价是：“，”。 （3）苏轼在《念奴娇（大江东去）》中，用“，”两句，表达了岁月虚度、只能借酒浇愁的无奈之感。

1.[2018年·全国卷Ⅲ] （1）不如须臾之所学也不如登高之博见也（2）此先汉所以兴隆也此后汉所以倾颓也（3）小楼昨夜又东风恰似一江春水向东流2.[2019年·全国卷Ⅲ] （1）三军可夺帅也匹夫不可夺志也 （2）小学而大遗吾未见其明也 （3）人生如梦一尊还酹江月

1.[2014年·全国Ⅱ卷]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分（6分） （1）《庄子?逍遥游》中以“朝菌”和“蟪蛄”为例来说明“小年”一词的两句是“ , _______________” （2）李白《行路难（金樽清酒斗十千）》一诗经过大段的反复回旋，最后境界顿开，用“_________________, ___________________”两句表达了诗人的乐观和自信。 （3）在《赤壁赋》中，苏轼用“_________________,____________________”两句概括了曹操的军队在攻破荆州后顺流而下的军容之盛。 2．[2015年·全国Ⅱ卷]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分。（6分） （1）《庄子，逍遥游》指出“_____，_____”就像倒在堂舱地的-杯水，无法浮起一个杯子一样。 （2）白居易《琵琶行》中“_____，_____”两句，写的是演奏正式开始之前的准备过程。 （3）杜牧《赤壁》中“_____，_____”两句，设想了赤壁之战双方胜败易位后将导致的结局。3．[2016年·全国Ⅱ卷]补习出下列句子中的空缺部分（6分） （1）《孟子?鱼我所欲也》中表示，生是我希望得到的，义也是我希望得到的，但“__________，__________”。（2）李白《蜀道难》中“__________，__________”两句，以感叹的方式收束对蜀道凶险的描写，转入后文对人事的关注。 （3）杜牧《阿房宫赋》中以“__________，__________”描写阿房宫宫人的美丽，她们伫立远眺，盼望着皇帝临幸。 4．[2017年·全国Ⅱ卷]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分（5分） （1）《庄子?逍遥游》中以八千年为一季的大椿为例，阐述何为“大年”，随后指出八百岁的长寿老人实在不算什么：“_______________，_______________，_________________!” （2）刘禹锡在《陋室铭》中以“_________，_________”来借指自己的陋室，抒发自己仰慕前贤、安贫乐道的情怀。 5．[2018年·全国Ⅱ卷]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分（6分） （1）《孟子·鱼我所欲也》中说，虽然一点食物即可关乎生死，但若“”，饥饿的路人也不会接受；若“”，即便是乞丐也会拒绝。 （2）白居易的《琵琶行》中“，”两句写昔日的琵琶女身价很高，引来了众多纨绔子弟的追捧。 （3）苏轼《赤壁赋》中描写明月初升的句子是“，”。 6.[2019年·全国Ⅱ卷]补写出下列句子中的空缺部分 （1）《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》中“____________，____________”，表现了主人公的形象之美。 （2）杜牧《阿房宫赋》中“____________，____________”两句，写阿房宫占地极广且极为高大，以表现其雄壮之美。 （3）《赤壁赋》中以“____________，____________”两句，写出了婉转悠长、延绵不尽的乐声之美。