2014年12月六级第三套考试真题及答案

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then discuss what qualities an employer should look for in job applicants. You should give sound arguments to support your views and write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B．, C．and D．, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer r Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1. A．Proceed in his own way.

B．Stick to the original plan.

C. Compromise with his colleague.

D．Try to change his colleague's mind.

2. A．Mary has a keen eye for style.

B．Nancy regrets buying the dress.

C．Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome.

D．Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion.

3. A．Wash the dishes.

B．Go to the theatre.

C．Pick up George and Martha.

D．Take her daughter to hospital.

4. A．She enjoys making up stories about other people.

B．She can never keep anything to herself for long.

C．She is eager to share news with the woman.

D．She is the best informed woman in town.

5. A．A car dealer.

B．A mechanic.

C．A driving examiner.

D．A technical consultant.

6. A．The shopping mall has been deserted recently.

B．Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall.

C．Lots of people moved out of the downtown area.

D．There isn't much business downtown nowadays.

7. A．He will help the woman with her reading.

B．The lounge is not a place for him to study in.

C．He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study.

D．A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus.

8. A．To protect her from getting scratches.

B．To help relieve her of the pain.

C．To prevent mosquito bites.

D．To avoid getting sun burnt.

Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9. A．In a studio.

B．In a clothing store.

C．At a beach resort.

D．At a fashion show.

10. A．To live there permanently.

B．To stay there for half a year.

C．To find a better job to support herself.

D．To sell leather goods for a British company.

11. A．Designing fashion items for several companies.

B．Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.

C．Working as an employee for Ferragamo.

D．Serving as a sales agent for Burberrys.

12. A．It has seen a steady decline in .its profits.

B．It has become much more competitive.

C．It has lost many customers to foreign companies.

D．It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad.

Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

13. A．It helps her to attract more public attention.

B．It improves her chance of getting promoted.

C．It strengthens her relationship with students.

D．It enables her to understand people better.

14. A．Passively.

B．Positively.

C．Skeptically.

D．Sensitively.

15. A．It keeps haunting her day and night.

B．Her teaching was somewhat affected by it.

C．It vanishes the moment she steps into her role.

D．Her mind goes blank once she gets on the stage.

Section B

Directions:In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A,B, C and D ). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet I with a single line through the center.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

Passage One

Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16. A．To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.

B．To reform railroad management in western European countries.

C．To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.

D．To set up an express train network throughout Europe.

17. A．Major European airlines will go bankrupt.

B．Europeans will pay much less for traveling.

C．Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.

D．Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.

18. A．Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.

B．Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.

C．Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.

D．Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air.

19. A．In 1981.

B．In 1989.

C．In 1990.

D．In 2000.

Passage Two

Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20. A．There can be no speedy recovery for mental patients.

B．Approaches to healing patients are essentially the same.

C．The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole.

D．There is no clear division of labor in the medical profession.

21. A．A doctor's fame strengthens the patients' faith in them.

B．Abuse of medicines is widespread in many urban hospitals.

C．One third of the patients depend on harmless substances for cure.

D．A patient's expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery.

22. A．Expensive drugs may not prove the most effective.

B．The workings of the mind may help patients recover.

C．Doctors often exaggerate the effect of their remedies.

D．Most illnesses can be cured without medication.

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23. A．Enjoying strong feelings and emotions.

B．Defying all dangers when they have to.

C．Being fond of making sensational news.

D．Dreaming of becoming famous one day.2

4. A．Working in an emergency room.

B．Watching horror movies.

C．Listening to rock music.

D．Doing daily routines.

25. A．A rock climber.

B．A psychologist. "

C．A resident doctor.

D．A career consultant.

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

If you're like most people, you've indulged in fake listening many times. You go to history class, sit in the third row, and look squarely at the instructor as she speaks. But your mind is far away,26inthe clouds of pleasant daydreams. Occasionally you come back to earth: The instructor writes an important term on the chalkboard, and you 27copy it in your notebook. Every once in a while the instructor makes a 28remark, causing others in the class to laugh. You smile politely, pretending that you've heard the remark and found it mildly humorous. You have a vague sense of 29that you aren't paying close attention, but you tell yourself that any material you miss can 30from a friend's notes. Besides, the instructor's talking about road 31in ancient Rome, and nothing could be more boring. So back you go into your private little world. Only later do you realize you've missed important information for a test.

Fake listening may be easily exposed, since many speakers 32facial cues and can tell if you're merely pretending to listen. Your blank expression and the faraway look in your eyes are the cues that33your inattentiveness.

Even if you're not exposed, there's another reason to avoid fakery: It's easy for this34tobecome a habit. For some people, the habit is so deeply rooted that they automatically start day dreaming when a speaker begins talking on something35or uninteresting. As a result, they miss lots of valuable information.

Part ⅢReading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

It was 10 years ago, on a warm July night, that a newborn lamb took her first breath in a small shed

in Scotland. From the outside, she looked no different from thousands of other sheep born on 36farms. But Dolly, as the world soon came to realize, was no 37lamb. She was cloned from a single cell of an adult female sheep,38long-held scientific dogma that had declared such a thing biologically impossible.

A decade later, scientists are starting to come to grips with just how different Dolly was. Dozens of animals have been cloned since that first lamb_mice, cats, cows and, most recently, a dog--and it's becoming 39clear that they are all, in one way or another, defective.

It's 40to think of clones as perfect carbon copies of the original. It turns out, though, that there are various degrees of genetic41. That may come as a shock to people who have paid thousands of dollars to clone a pet cat only to discover that the baby cat looks and behaves 42liketheir beloved pet--with a different-color coat of fur, perhaps, or a 43different attitude toward its human hosts.

And these are just the obvious differences. Not only are clones 44from the original template(模板) by time, but they are also the product of an unnatural molecular mechanism that turns out not to be very good at making 45copies. In fact, the process can embed small flaws in the genes of clones that scientists are only now discovering

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

A．abstract F.identical K．overturning B．completely. G.increasingly L．separated C．deserted H．miniature M．surrounding

D.duplication I．Nothing N．systematically.

E.everything J.ordinary O．tempting

Section B

Directions:In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Should Single-Sex Education Be Eliminated?

A）Why is a neuroscientist here debating single-sex schooling? Honestly, I had no fixed ideas on the topic when I started researching it for my book, Pink Brain, Blue Brain. But any discussion of gender differences in children inevitably leads to this debate, so I felt compelled to dive into the research data on single-sex schooling. I read every study I could, weighed the existing evidence,

and ultimately concluded that single-sex education is not the answer to gender gaps in achievement--or the best way forward for today's young people. After my book was published, I met several developmental and cognitive psychologists whose work was addressing gender and education from different angles, and we published a peer-reviewed Education Forum piece in Science magazine with the provocative title, "The Pseudoscience of Single-Sex Education."

B）We showed that three lines of research used to justify single-sex schooling--educational, neuroscience,and social psychology--all fail to support its alleged benefits, and so the widely-held view that gender separation is somehow better for boys, girls, or both is nothing more than a myth. The Research on Academic Outcomes.

C）First, we reviewed the extensive educational research that has compared academic outcomes in students attending single-sex versus coeducational schools. The overwhelming conclusion when you put this enormous literature together is that there is no clear academic advantage of sitting in all-female or all-male classes, in spite of much popular belief to the contrary. I base this conclusion not on any individual study, but on large-scale and systematic reviews of thousands of studies conducted in every major English-speaking country.

D）Of course, there?re many excellent single-sex schools out there, but as these careful research reviews have demonstrated, it's not their single-sex composition that makes them excellent. It's all the other advantages that are typically packed into such schools, such as financial resources, quality of the faculty,and pro-academic culture, along with the family background and pre-selected ability of the students themselves that determine their outcomes.

E）A case in point is the study by Linda Sax at UCLA, who used data from a large national survey of college freshmen to evaluate the effect of single-sex versus coeducational high schools. Commissioned by the National Coalition of Girls' Schools, the raw findings look pretty good for the funders--higher SAT scores and a stronger academic orientation among women who had attended all girls' high schools (men weren't studied). However, once the researchers controlled for both student and school attributes--measures such as family income, parents' education, and school resources--most of these effects were erased or diminished.

F）When it comes to boys in particular, the data show that single-sex education is distinctly unhelpful for them. Among the minority of studies that have reported advantages of single-sex schooling, virtually all of them were studies of girls. There're no rigorous studies in the United States that find single-sexschooling is better for boys, and in fact, a separate line of research by economists has shown both boys and girls exhibit greater cognitive growth over the school year based on the "dose" of girls in a classroom.In fact, boys benefit even more than girls from having larger numbers of female classmates. So single-sex schooling is really not the answer to the current "boy crisis" in education.

Brain and Cognitive Development

G）The second line of research often used to justify single-sex education falls squarely within my area of expertise: brain and cognitive development. It's been more than a decade now since the "brain sex movement" began infiltrating (渗入) our schools, and there are literally hundreds of schools caught up in the fad (新潮). Public schools in Wisconsin, Indiana, Florida and many other states now proudly declare on their websites that they separate boys and girls because "research solidly indicates that boys and girls learn differently," due to "hard-wired" differences in their brains, eyes, ears, autonomic nervous systems, and more.

H）All of these statements can be traced to just a few would-be neuroscientists, especially

physician Leonard Sax and therapist Michael Gurian. Each gives lectures, runs conferences, and does a lot of professional development on so-called "gender-specific learning." [ analyzed their various claims about sex difference sin hearing, vision, language, math, stress responses, and "learning styles" in my book and a long peer-reviewed paper. Other neuroscientists and psychologists have similarly exposed their work. In short, the mechanisms by which our brains learn language, math, physics, and every other subject don't differ between boys and girls. Of course, learning does vary a lot between individual students, but research reliably shows that this variance is far greater within populations of boys or girls than between the two sexes.

I）The equal protection clause of the US Constitution prohibits separation of students by sex in public education that's based on precisely this kind of "over broad generalizations about the different talents,capacities, or preferences of males and females." And the reason it is prohibited is because it leads far too easily to stereotyping and sex discrimination.

Social Developmental Psychology

J）That brings me to the third area of research which fails to support single-sex schooling and indeed

suggests the practice is actually harmful: social developmental psychology.

K）It's a well-proven finding in social psychology that segregation promotes stereotyping and prejudice,whereas inter group contact reduces them--and the results are the same whether you divide groups by race, age, gender, body mass index, sexual orientation, or any other category. What's more, children are especially vulnerable to this kind of bias, because they are dependent on adults for learning which social categories are important and why we divide people into different groups.

L）You don't have to look far to find evidence of stereotyping and sex discrimination in single-sex schools.There was the failed single-sex experiment in California, where six school districts used generous state grants to set up separate boys' and girls' academics in the late 1990s. Once boys and girls were segregated, teachers resorted to traditional gender stereotypes to run their classes, and within just three years, five of the six districts had gone back to coeducation.

M）At the same time, researchers are increasingly discovering benefits of gender interaction in youth. A large British study found that children with other-sex older siblings (兄弟姐妹) exhibit less stereotypical play than children with same-sex older siblings, such as girls who like sports and building toys and boys who like art and dramatic play. Another study of high school social networks found less bullying and aggression the higher the density of mixed-sex friendships within a given adolescent network. Then there is the finding we cited in our Science paper of higher divorce and depression rates among a large group of British men who attended single-sex schools as teenagers, which might be explained by the lack of opportunity to learn about relationships during their formative years.

N）Whether in nursery school, high school, or the business world, gender segregation narrows our perceptions of each other, facilitating stereotyping and sexist attitudes. It's very simple: the more we structure children and adolescents' environment around gender distinctions and separation, the more they will use these categories as the primary basis for understanding themselves and others. O）Gender is an important issue in education. There are gaps in reading, writing, and science achievement that should be narrower. There are gaps in career choice that should be narrower--if we really want to maximize human potential and American economic growth. But stereotyping boys and girls them in the name of fictitious (虚拟的) brain differences is never going to close

these gaps.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

46. Hundreds of schools separate boys from girls in class on the alleged brain and cognitive differences.

47. A review of extensive educational research shows no obvious academic advantage of single-sex schooling.

48. The author did not have any fixed ideas on single-sex education when she began her research on the subject.

49. Research found men who attended single-sex schools in their teens were more likely to suffer from depression.

50. Studies in social psychology have shown segregation in school education has a negative impact on children.

51. Reviews of research indicate there are more differences in brain and cognitive development within the same sex than between different sexes.

52. The findings of the national survey of college freshmen about the impact of single-sex schooling fail to take into account student and school attributes.

53. It wasn't long before most of the school districts that experimented with single-sex education abandoned the practice.

54. Boys from coeducational classes demonstrate greater cognitive abilities according to the economists' research.

55. As careful research reviews show, academic excellence in some single-sex schools is attributed to other factors than single-sex education.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C, and D．. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the center

.Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

International governments' inaction concerning sustainable development is clearly worrying but the proactive (主动出击的) approaches of some leading-edge companies are encouraging. Toyota, Wal-Mart,DuPont, M&S and General Electric have made tackling environmental wastes a key economic driver.

DuPont committed itself to a 65% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the 10 years prior to 2010.By 2007, DuPont was saving $2.2 billion a year through energy efficiency, the same as its total declared profits that year. General Electric aims to reduce the energy intensity of its operations by 50% by 2015.They have invested heavily in projects designed to change the way of using and conserving energy.

Companies like Toyota and Wal-Mart are not committing to environmental goals out of the goodness of their hearts. The reason for their actions is a simple yet powerful realisation that the environmental and economic footprints fit well together. When M&S launched its "Plan A" sustainability program me in 2007,it was believed that it would cost over ~200 million in the first five years. However, the initiative had generated ~105 million by 2011/12.

When we prevent physical waste, increase energy efficiency or improve resource productivity,

we save money, improve profitability and enhance competitiveness. In fact, there are often huge "quick win"opportunities, thanks to years of neglect.

However, there is a considerable gap between leading-edge companies and the rest of the pack. There are far too many companies still delaying creating a lean and green business system, arguing that it will cost money or require sizable capital investments. They remain stuck in the "environment is cost"mentality. Being environmentally friendly does not have to cost money. In fact, going beyond compliancesaves cost at the same time that it generates cash, provided that management adopts the new lean and green model.

Lean means doing more with less. Nonetheless, in most companies, economic and environmental continuous improvement is viewed as being in conflict with each other. This is one of the biggest opportunities missed across most industries. The size of the opportunity is enormous, The 3% Reportrecently published by World Wildlife Fund and CDP shows that the economic prize for curbing carbonemissions in the US economy is $780 billion between now and 2020. It suggests that one of the biggest levers for delivering this opportunity is "increased efficiency through management and behavioural change"--in other words, lean and green management.

Some 50 studies show that companies that commit to such a spirational goals as zero waste, zero harmful emissions, and zero use of non-renewable resources are financially outperforming their competitors. Conversely, it was found that climate disruption is already costing $1.2 trillion annually,cutting global GDP by 1.6%. Unaddressed, this will double by 2030.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

56. What does the author say about some leading-edge companies?

A．They operate in accordance with government policies.

B．They take initiatives in handling environmental wastes.

C．They are key drivers in their nations' economic growth.

D．They are major contributors to environmental problems.

57. What motivates Toyota and Wal-Mart to make commitments to environmental protection? A．The goodness of their hearts.

B．A strong sense of responsibility.

C．The desire to generate profits.

D．Pressure from environmentalists.

58. Why are so many companies reluctant to create an environment-friendly business system? A．They are bent on making quick money.

B．They do not have the capital for the investment.

D．They believe building such a system is too costly.

C．They lack the incentive to change business practices.

59. What is said about the lean and green model of business?A．It helps businesses to save and gain at the same time.

B．It is affordable only for a few leading-edge companies.

C．It is likely to start a new round of intense competition.

D．It will take a long time for all companies to embrace it.

60. What is the finding of the studies about companies committed to environmental goals? A．They have greatly enhanced their sense of social responsibility.

B．They do much better than their counterparts in terms of revenues.

C．They have abandoned all the outdated equipment and technology.

D．They make greater contributions to human progress than their rivals.

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

If you asked me to describe the rising philosophy of the day, I'd say it is data-ism. We now have the ability to gather huge amounts of data. This ability seems to carry with it certain cultural assumptions--that everything that can be measured should be measured; that data is a transparent and reliable lens that allows us to filter out emotionalism and ideology; that data will help us do remarkable things--like foretell the future.

Over the next years, I'm hoping to get a better grip on some of the questions raised by the datarevolution: In what situations should we rely on intuitive pattern recognition and in which situations should we ignore intuition and follow the data? What kinds of events are predictable using statistical analysis and what sorts of events are not?

I confess I enter this in a skeptical frame of mind, believing that we tend to get carried away in our desire to reduce everything to the quantifiable. But at the outset let me celebrate two things data does really well.

First, it's really good at exposing when our intuitive view of reality is wrong. For example, nearly every person who runs for political office has an intuitive sense that they can powerfully influence their odds of winning the election if they can just raise and spend more money. But this is largely wrong.

After the 2006 election, Sean Trende constructed a graph comparing the incumbent (在任者的) campaign spending advantages with their eventual margins of victory. There was barely any relationship between more spending and a bigger victory.

Likewise, many teachers have an intuitive sense that different students have different learning styles: some are verbal and some are visual; some are linear, some are holistic (整体的). Teachers imagine they will improve outcomes if they tailor their presentations to each student. But there's no evidence to support this either.

Second, data can illuminate patterns of behavior we haven't yet noticed. For example, I've always assumed people who frequently use words like "I," "me," and "mine" are probably more self-centered than people who don't. But as James Pennebaker of the University of Texas notes in his book, The Secret Life of Pronouns, when people are feeling confident, they are focused on the task at hand, not on themselves. High-status, confident people use fewer "I" words, not more.

Our brains often don't notice subtle verbal patterns, but Pennebaker's computers can. Younger writers use more negative and past-tense words than older writers who use more positive and future tense words.

In sum, the data revolution is giving us wonderful ways to understand the present and the past. Will it

transform our ability to predict and make decisions about the future? We'll see.

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

61. What do data-ists assume they can do?

A．Transform people's cultural identity.

B．Change the way future events unfold.

C．Get a firm grip on the most important issues.

D．Eliminate emotional and ideological bias.

62. What do people running for political office think they can do?

A．Use data analysis to predict the election result.

B．Win the election if they can raise enough funds.

C．Manipulate public opinion with favorable data.

D．Increase the chances of winning by foul means.

63. Why do many teachers favor the idea of tailoring their presentations to different students? A．They think students prefer flexible teaching methods.

B．They will be able to try different approaches.

C．They believe students' learning styles vary.

D．They can accommodate students with special needs.

64. What does James Pennebaker reveal in The Secret Life of Pronouns?

A．The importance of using pronouns properly.

B．Repeated use of first-person pronouns by self-centered people.

C．Frequent use of pronouns and future tense by young people.

D．A pattern in confident people's use of pronouns.

65. Why is the author skeptical of the data revolution?

A．Data may not be easily accessible.

B．Errors may occur with large data samples.

C．Data cannot always do what we imagine it can.

D．Some data may turn out to be outdated.

PartⅣTranslation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on ,Answer Sheet 2.

中国将努力确保到2015年就业者接受过平均13.3年的教育。如果这一目标得以实现，今后大部分进入劳动力市场的人都须获得大学文凭。

在未来几年，中国将着力增加职业学院的招生人数；除了关注高等教育之外，还将寻找新的突破以确保教育制度更加公平。中国正在努力最佳地利用教育资源，这样农村和欠发达地区将获得更多的支持。教育部还决定改善欠发达地区学生的营养，并为外来务工人员的子女提供在城市接受教育的同等机会。

注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。

2014年12月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案详解

作文范文：

On Diploma Discrimination in Job Interview

As is vividly shown in the cartoon, an applicant with a master's degree was rejected in a job interview by an interviewer because all the other applicants are Ph.D.s. The applicant seems quite helpless and embarrassed.

Simple as the cartoon may seem, it conveys a thought- provoking message that people are exaggerating the significance of educational degrees excessively, which inevitably exerts a negative influence in society. What factors might contribute to diploma discrimination? Answers

to this question may involve many aspects, and here are a few guesses: on the one hand, quite a few employers hold that the higher degree people have, the more competent they will be. Of course this is not necessarily a logical viewpoint, because certificates cannot prove one's capability. On the other hand, due to increase of enrollment, too many students graduate from universities and colleges year after year, and the number is still growing; however, society fails to provide adequate posts, which results in the companies' too picky attitude on diploma since they don't worry about lacking candidates.

In my opinion, the public should realize that real ability speaks much louder than a piece of paper. Only in this way can China's economy keep booming.

Part ⅡListening Comprehension Section A

1. M: The biological project is now in trouble. You know, my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed.

W: Why don't you compromise? Try to make it a

win-win situation for you both.

Q.. What does the woman suggest the man do?

C．【精析】请求建议题。对话中男士说生物学项目遇到麻烦了，因为他和同事的观点截然不同；女士建议他让步，以实现双方共赢的局面。由此可见，女士建议男士做出让步。

2. M: How does Nancy like the new dress she bought in Rome?

W: She said she would never have bought an Italian style dress if she had known Mary had already got such a dress.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

B．【精析】综合理解题。对话中男士问女士Nancy是否喜欢新买的裙子，女士转述Nancy 的话说她如果知道Mary已经有一件同样款式的裙子，她绝对不会买。可见Nancy后悔买了一件与别人同样款式的裙子。

3. M.. You are not going to do all those dishes before we leave, are you? If we don't pick up George and Martha in 25 minutes we'll never get to the theatre on time.

W.. Oh, didn't I tell you Martha called to say her daughter was ill and they could not go tonight? Q: What is the woman probably going to do first?

A．【精析】行动计划题。对话中男士问女士不会等洗完了碗再走吧，接着说如果25分钟内不动身去接George和Martha，他们可能无法按时到达剧院；女士回答说Martha来电话说女儿病了，今晚不去了。可见他们不用去接人了，时间就不紧张了，因此女士最有可能先洗碗。

4. M: You've been hanging on to the phone for quite

a while. Who were you talking with?

W: Oh, it was Sally. You know, she always has the latest news in town and can't wait to talk it over with me.

Q: What do we learn about Sally from the conversation?

C．【精析】事实细节题。男士询问女士她在跟谁通电话，女士回答说是Sally，然后说Sally 总是有最新消息并且迫不及待地要告诉她。

5. W.. It's always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to be slipping. M.. If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.

Q: Who is the woman probably speaking to?

B．【精析】综合理解题。女士说她的车总是很难挂上一挡，而且离合器好像打滑；男士让女士把车留在这里，下午给女士修。由此可见，男士最有可能是一名机修工。

6. M.. Kate, why does the downtown area look

deserted now?

W: Well, there used to be some really good stores, but lots of them moved out to the mall.

Q: What do we learn from the conversation?

C．【精析】综合理解题。对话中男士问为什么市区看上去十分萧条，女士解释说以前的确有些好店铺，但是很多都搬到商场里去了。可见，C．“现在市区生意不多了”是正确答案。

7. W.. I find the lounge such a cozy place to study in.I really like the feeling of sitting on the sofa and doing the reading.

M.. Well, for me the hardest part about studying

here is staving awake.

Q: What does the man mean?

B．【精析】推理判断题。对话中女士说在休息室学习很舒服，而男士表示，对他来说，在休息室学习很难做到不打瞌睡。由此可见，男士不适合在休息室里学习。lounge意为“休息室”。

8. W.. These mosquito bites are killing me. I can't

help scratching.

M.. Next time you go camping, take some precaution,

say, wearing long sleeves.

Q: Why does the man suggest the woman wear

long sleeves?

C．【精析】目的原因题。对话中女士说蚊子咬得她忍不住直挠，男士建议她下次野营时要采取防护措施，如穿长袖衣服。由此可见，男士建议女士穿长袖衣服是为了防止蚊子叮咬。Conversation One

M. (9)Hello, and welcome to our program "Working Abroad." Our guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name's Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to the program. You live in Florence. How long have you been living there?

W: (10)Since 1982. But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only six months.M: Why did you change your mind?

W.. Well, I'm a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes and handbags. Soon after I arrived in Florence,

I got a job with one of Italy's top fashion houses, Ferragamo. So, I decided to stay.

M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferragamo?

W: No, I've been a freelance designer for quite a long time now, Since 1988, in fact.M.. (11)So does that mean you design for several different companies now?

W.. (11)Yes, that's right. I've designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the last

four years, I've also been designing for the British company, Burberrys.

M: What have you been designing for them?W: Mostly handbags and small leather goods.M: (12)Has the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982？

W: (12)Oh, yes. It's become a lot more competitive. Because the quality of products from other countries has

improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.

M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?

W.. No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian lifestyle.M: Well, thank you for talking to us, Susan.

W. It was a pleasure.

答案详解

9. Where does this talk most probably take place?

A．【精析】场景推断题。对话开头男士说欢迎来到我们的节目，今晚的嘉宾是一个在意大利工作的伦敦人。由此可见，对话发生在演播室。

10. What was the woman's original plan when she went to Florence?

B．【精析】细节辨认题。对话中男士问女士在佛罗伦萨生活了多久，女士回答说自从1982年以来一直住在那儿，随后补充说，本来打算只在7tllJl．,待6个月，也就是半年。

11. What has the woman been doing for a living since1988？

A．【精析】事实细节题。对话中女士介绍了自己到佛罗伦萨的工作情况。她从l988年就成为一名自由设计师．为多家意大利公司设计时尚产品。

12. What do we learn about the change in Italy's fashion industry?

B．【精析】事实细节题。对话中男士问1982年以来意大利的时装行业有什么变化，女士回答说竞争更加激烈了。

Conversation Two

M: So, Claire, you're into drama!

W: Yes, I've a master's degree in drama and theatre. At the moment, I'm hoping to get onto a PhD program.M: What excites you about drama?

W: Well, (13)1 find it's a communicative way to study people and you learn how to read people in drama. Sousually I can understand what people are saying even though they might be lying.

M: That would be useful.

W: Yeah, it's very useful for me as well. (14)I'm an English lecturer, so use a lot of drama in my classes such as role-plays. And I ask my students to create mini-dramas. They really respond well. At the moment, I'm hoping to get onto a PhD course. I would like to concentrate on Asian drama and try to bring Asian theatre to the world's attention. I don't know how successful I would be, but, here's hoping.

M: Oh, I'm sure you'll be successful. Now, Claire, what do you do for stage fright?

W: Ah, stage fright! Well, many actors have that problem. I get stage fright every time I'm going to teach a

new class. The night before, I usually can't sleep.

M.. What? For teaching?

W.. Yes. (15)1 get really bad stage fright. But the minute I step into the classroom or get onto the stage, it just all falls into place. Then I just feel like: Yeah, this is what I mean to do. And I'm fine.

M.. Wow, that's cool!

答案详解

13. Why does the woman find study in drama and theatre useful?

C．【精析】目的原因题。对话中男士询问女士为什么对戏剧如此感兴趣，女士回答说她发现戏剧是研究人的一种交际方式，可以通过戏剧学习如何读懂别人，故C．“使她更好地理解别人”是正确答案。

14. How did the woman's students respond to her way of teaching English?

B．【精析】语义理解题。女士说她在课堂上经常让学生扮演不同的角色，创作小话剧，学生们对此反映很好。换句话说，学生认可她这种教学方式，所以答案是B)“积极地”。

15. What does the woman say about her stage fright?

C．【精析】细节推断题。女士说她有很严重的舞台恐惧症，但她一进入教室或走上讲台，那种恐惧就消失了。故C．“她一进入角色就不怯场了”是正确答案。

Section B

Passage One

In January 1989, (16)the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020.(17)If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. Journeys between maior cities will take half the time they take today. Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the

network is complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. "If business people can choose between a three-hour train journey from city center to city center and a one-hour flight, they'll choose the train," says an executive travel consultant. "They won't go by plane any more. (18)If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to and from the airport, you'll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first." Since (19)France introduced the first 260okilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981, the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90%of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways' plan, the 21stcentury will be the new age of the train.

16. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?

C．【精析】细节推断题。短文开头提到，1989年欧洲铁路协会提议在2020年前修建从瑞典到意大利的西西里、从葡萄牙到波兰的横贯欧洲的高速铁路网。由此可知，欧洲铁路协会提出的建议是修建横贯欧洲的高速铁路网。

17. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?

C．【精析】语义理解题。短文中明确提到，如果欧洲铁路协会的提案成为现实，欧洲主要城市间的旅行时间将会比现在缩短一半。C．是对短文中Journeys…will take half the time的同义转述。

18. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?

C．【精析】目的原因题。短文中提到，飞机旅行固然比火车旅行更快，但如果把飞行时间、办理登机手续的时间和往返机场的时间计算在内，乘飞机所用的时间与乘火车所用的时间就差不多。而且，如果你乘坐的飞机因为遇到恶劣天气、航班拥挤或军事袭击等原因而晚点，乘火车的乘客将会先行到达目的地。综合而言，火车旅行可以和飞机旅行一样快，甚至比它还要快。

19. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?

A．【精析】细节辨认题。短文中明确提到法国在1981年首次开通巴黎和里昂之间时速达260千米的高速列车。B．“1989年”虽在短文中出现过，但那是欧洲铁路协会建议修建横贯欧洲的高速铁路网的时间，要注意时间与事件的对应。

Passage Two

(20) Western doctors are beginning to understand what traditional healers have always known that the body and the mind are inseparable. Until recently, modern urban physicians heal the body, psychiatrist the mind,and priest the soul. However, the medical world is now paying more

attention to holistic medicine which is an approach based on the belief that people's state of mind can make them sick or speed their recovery from sickness. (21)Several studies show that the effectiveness of a certain drug often depends on the patients' expectations of it. For example, in one recent study, psychiatrists at a major hospital tried to see how patients could be made calm. They divided them into two groups. One group was given a drug while the other group received a harmless substance instead of medicine without their knowledge. Surprisingly, more patients in the

second group showed the desired effect than those in the first group. In study after study, there's a positive reaction in almost one-third of the patients taking harmless substances. How was this possible? How can such a substance have an effect on the body? (22)Evidence from a 1997 study at the University of California shows that several patients who received such substances were able to produce their own natural drug, that is, as they took the substance their brains released natural chemicals that act like a drug. Scientists theorized that the amount of these chemicals released by

a person's brain quite possibly indicates how much faith the person has in his or her doctor.

20. According to the speaker, what are western doctors beginning to understand?

C．【精析】语义理解题。短文一开始提到西方的医生开始理解传统医师的观点，即人的身体和意识不能分离。故C．“人的意识和身体应被看作是一体的”是正确答案。

21. What does the recent study at a major hospital seem to prove?

C．【精析】推理判断题。短文中间部分提到，多项研究表明药物的药效往往取决于病人对药物的期望程度。而近日在一家大医院做的研究是多项研究中的一个，所以其目的也是为了证明病人对药物的期望程度影响其康复。

22. What evidence does the 1997 study at the University of California produce?

B．【精析】推理判断题。短文最后部分介绍了加利福尼亚大学1997年的研究。研究表明，许多服用非药物无害物质的病人能够在体内释放出像药物一样的化学物质。换句话说，病人的意识有助于病人康复。

Passage Three

So we've already talked a bit about the growth of extreme sports like rock-climbing. (25)As psychologists,we need to ask ourselves: Why is this person doing this? Why do people take these risks and put themselves in danger when they don't have to? (23)One common trait among risk-takers is that they enjoy strong feelings or sensations. We call this trait sensation seeking. A sensation-seeker is someone who's always looking for new sensations. What else do we know about sensation-seekers? Well, as I said, sensation-seekers like strong emotions. You can see this trait in many parts of a person's life, not just in. extreme sports. For example, many sensation-seekers enjoy hard rock music. They like the loud sound and strong emotion of the songs. Similarly,sensation-seekers enjoy frightening horror movies. They like the feeling of being scared and horrified while watching the movie. This feeling is even stronger for extreme sports where the person faces real danger.Sensation-seekers feel the danger is very exciting. In addition, sensation-seekers like new experiences that force them to push their personal limits. (24) For them, repeating the same things every day is boring. Many sensation-seekers choose jobs that involve risk, such as starting a new business or being an emergency room doctor. These jobs are different every day, so they never know what will happen. That's why many sensation-seekers also like extreme sports. When you do rock-climbing, you never know what will happen. The activity is always new and different.

答案详解

23. According to the speaker, what is a common trait among risk-takers?

A．【精析】事实细节题。短文中提到，喜欢冒险的人的一个最常见的特性就是喜欢强烈的感觉和情感。文中的sensations意为“感觉，感情”，与A．中的emotions同义。

24. What do sensation-seekers find boring?

C．【精析】语义理解题。短文后半部分提到对喜欢冒险的人来说，每天重复同样的事情是很无聊的。C．Doing daily routines是对原文中repeating the same things every day的同义转述。

25. What is the speaker's profession?

B．【精析】推理判断题。短文主要谈论喜欢冒险的人爱做的事情及其原因，结合短文一开始就提到“作为心理学家，我们……”可知，讲话人的职业是psychologist",心理学家”。Section C

26．floating

【精析】句意推断题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入动词的现在分词形式作伴随状语。结合录音填入floatin9，意为“飘浮”。

27. dutifully

【精析】修饰关系题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入一个副词修饰其后的谓语动词copy。结合录音可知答案为dutifully，意为“尽职尽责地”。

28. witty

【精析】修饰关系题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填人一个形容词或名词修饰其后的名词remark。结合录音填入witty，意为“说话风趣的，妙趣横生的”。

29. guilt

【精析】语义推断题。由空格前的of可知，此处应该填入一个名词(词组)或动名词(词组)作of的宾语。结合录音可知答案为鲫t，意为“内疚，自责”。

30. be picked up

【精析】句意推断题。由空格前的can可知，此处应该填入一个动词原形或以动词原形开头的词组，与can一起作从句的谓语。结合录音可知答案为be picked up，意为“被获得，被得到”。

31. construction

【精析】语义推断题。由空格前的名词road以及空格后的介词in可知，此处应该填入一个名词与road搭配作about的宾语。结合录音可知答案为construction，意为“建造，建设”。

32. are sensitive to

【精析】语义推断题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入一个动词或动词词组作since从句的谓语。结合录音可知答案为are sensitive t0，意为“对……敏感”。

33. betray

【精析】句意推断题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入一个动词或动词词组作定语从句的谓语。结合录音可知答案为betray，意为“出卖，暴露”。

34. behavio(u) r

【精析】语义推断题。由空格前的this以及空格后的t0可知，此处应填入一个名词或名词短语作for的宾语。结合录音可知答案为behavio(u)r，意为“行为，举止”。

35. complex

【精析】并列关系题。分析句子结构可知，此处应该填入一个形容词与uninterestin9并列，修饰somethin9，且意思与uninteresting相近。结合录音可知答案为complex，意为“复杂的，难理解的”。

PartⅢReading Comprehension

Section A

参考译文

那是十年前七月的一个温暖的夜晚，一只刚出生的小羊在苏格兰的一个小棚子里第一次呼吸到了空气。从外表看，她和周围农场上出生的其他许多羊并没有任何区别。但是世界很快意识到，这只名叫“多利”的小羊并不是一只普通的羊。她是从一只成年母羊的一个细胞中克隆出来的，这一事实推翻了长久以来认为这一现象从生物学角度上来说是不可能实现的科学教条主义。

十年后，科学家们开始了解多利的不同之处。从第一只克隆羊之后，好几十种动物都被克隆了出来——老鼠、猫、牛以及最近的狗，越来越清晰的事实是它们都会在某个方面存在缺陷。将复制品看作其本体的完美副本这一想法很吸引人。但结果是，它们有各种各样不同程度的基因复制。对于那些花费几千美元去克隆一只宠物猫，最终却发现这只小猫的外表和行为都丝毫不像他们心爱的宠物的人而言，这可能是一件多么令人震惊的事情——这只克隆猫可能有着不同的毛色或者对其主人有完全不同的态度。

而这些只是比较显著的差异。克隆物不但会随着时间与本体有所区别，而且它们也是一种非自然分子机制的产物，这种机制被证明不太擅长制造出完全相同的副本。事实上，科学家们现在才发现，这个过程会让克隆物的基因中嵌入一些细微的瑕疵。

答案详解

36．【考点】形容词辨析题。

M．【精析】空格位于名词farms前面，介词on后面，故应该填入形容词作定语。此处句意为：多利从外表看并没有和＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿农场上的其他许多羊有任何区别。备选形容词中符合要求的只有surroundin9“附近的，四周的”。备选形容词ordinary具有较大的干扰性，但若填入ordinary则强调多利出生时所在的“农场”与众不同，这与文章要表达的“多利”本身与众不同在意思上有所出入，故排除0rdinary。

37．【考点】形容词辨析题。

J．【精析】空格前为no，后为名词lamb，因此空格处需要填入形容词修饰lamb。由下一句可知，这是一只克隆羊，再结合句首的But可知，此处要表达的是多利与其他的羊不同。备选形容词中，ordinary“普通的”符合句意，故为答案。

38．【考点】动词辨析题。

K．【精析】空格前是一个完整的句子，空格后为由that引导的定语从句修饰的名词短语，故推测空格处应是分词作状语。由后半句可知，科学教条主义认为从生物学角度上来说克隆是不可能实现的，而前半句却阐述了克隆羊出生的事实。备选项中，overturning“推翻”符合句子前后逻辑关系，故为答案。

39．【考点】副词辨析题。

G．【精析】本句基本结构完整，故空格处应该填入副词修饰clear。此处句意为：＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿清晰的事实是这些克隆动物都会在某个方面存在缺陷。备选副词中符合要求的有completely和increasingly。但由文章最后一句可知，科学家们现在才开始发现，这个过程会让克隆物的基因中嵌入一些细微的瑕疵，故排除completely。综上所述，本题答案为increasingly“不断增加地”。

40．【考点】形容词辨析题。

Ｏ)【精析】空格位于It?s后面，to think of前面，故应该填入形容词，表明“将复制品看作其本体的完美副本”这一想法怎么样。结合本段内容可知，克隆存在这样那样的缺陷，也就是说，这种想法是与事实不相符的，故temptin9“吸引人的”符合要求，表示这一想法虽然诱人，但与事实不符。

41．【考点】名词辨析题。

C．【精析】分析句子结构可知，本空应填入名词，且能与genetic搭配。本句意思是有各种

各样不同程度的基因＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿，能够被9enetic修饰的应该是比较专业的名词，且与基因有关，备选词中只有duplication“复制”最合适，故为答案。

42．【考点】副词辨析题。

I．【精析】本句基本结构完整，故空格处应填人副词。根据破折号后面的解释，可知克隆动物和本体是不同的，nothing like“一点也不像”符合旬意，故答案为nothing“一点也不，根本不”。

43．【考点】副词辨析题。

B．【精析】本句基本结构完整，故空格处应填一个副词修饰different。破折号后面的内容是阐述克隆猫和本体的不同之处，因此选completely“完全地”，completely different attitude表示“完全不同的态度”，与前面的“不同的毛色”呼应。

44．【考点】动词辨析题。

L．【精析】本句是以Not only开头的倒装句，还原成正常语序应是Clones are not only＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿from the original template by time，but．…故推测空格处应填入形容词或分词，且该词能和from搭配。备选项中，separated“把……区分开来，分清”符合要求，故为答案。

45．【考点】形容词辨析题。

F．【精析】空格位于making之后，名词copies之前，故应填入形容词作定语。copies意为“复制品，副本”，克隆的过程就是复制相同的副本，故备选形容词中符合要求的为identical“完全相同的”。

Section B

参考译文

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关于学业成绩的研究

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2013年12月大学英语六级考试真题（第1套） Part I Writing (30 minutes) （请于正式开考后半小时内完成该部分，之后将进行听力考试） Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on happiness by referring to the saying“Happiness is not the absence of problems, but the ability to deal with them.”You can cite examples to illustrate your point and then explain how you can develop your ability to deal with problems and be happy. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes) Section A Directions:In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At theend of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1 上作答。 1. A) The rock band needs more hours of practice. B) The rock band is going to play here for a month. C) Their hard work has resulted in a big success. D) He appreciates the woman’s help with the band. 2. A) Go on a diving tour in Europe. C) Travel overseas on his own. B) Add 300 dollars to his budget. D) Join a package tour to Mexico. 3. A) In case some problem should occur. C) To avoid more work later on. B) Something unexpected has happened. D) To make better preparations. 4. A) The woman asked for a free pass to try out the facilities. B) The man is going to renew his membership in a fitness center. C) The woman can give the man a discount if he joins the club now. D) The man can try out the facilities before he becomes a member. 5. A) He is not afraid of challenge. B) He is not fit to study science. C) He is worried about the test. D) He is going to drop the physics course 6. A) Pay for part of the picnic food. C) Buy something special for Gary. B) Invite Gary’s family to dinner. D) Take some food to the picnic. 7. A) Bus drivers’ working conditions.C)Public transportation. B) A labor dispute at a bus company. D) A corporate takeover. 8. A) The bank statement. C) The payment for an order. B) Their sales overseas. D) The check just deposited.

2014年12月六级第一套 翻译真题及解析

2014.12.1st 反应在艺术和文学中的乡村生活理想是中国文明的重要特征。这在很大程度上归功于道家对自然地感情。传统中国画有两个最受青睐的主题，一是家庭生活的各种幸福场景，画中往往有老人在下棋饮茶，男人在耕耘收割，妇女在织布缝衣，小孩在户外玩耍。另一个则是乡村生活的种种乐趣，画有渔夫在湖上打渔，农夫在山上砍柴采药，或是书生坐在松树下吟诗作画。这两个主题可以分别代表儒家和道家的生活理想。 Rural life ideals reflected in Chinese arts and literature is an important feature of Chinese civilization. This is largely attributed to feelings of Taoism to the nature. There are two most popular themes in traditional Chinese paintings. One is various scenes of happy family life with the elderly drinking teas and playing chess, men plowing and harvesting, women sewing and weaving, or children playing outdoors. The other is a variety of fun in rural life with a fisherman fishing on the lake, farmers cutting firewood or collecting medicinal herbs, scholars reciting poems or painting pictures under a pine tree. These two themes represent separately Confucian and Taoist ideal life.

2014年12月六级真题一及答案

Part I Writing 作文题一：学历歧视 Part II Listening Section A Question 1 A.At a grocery B.In a parking lot C.In a car showroom D.At a fast food restaurant Question 2 A.Have a little nap after lunch B.Get up and take a short walk C.Change her position now and then D.Stretch legs before standing up Question 3 A.The students should practice long-distance running B.He doesn’t quite believe what the woman says C.The students’ physical condition is not desirable D.He thinks the race is too hard for the students Question 4 A.They do not want to have a baby at present

B.They cannot afford to get married right now C.They are both pursuing graduate studies D.They will get their degrees in two years Question 5 A.Twins usually have a lot in common B.He must have been mistaken for Jack C.Jack is certainly not as healthy as he is D.He has not seen Jack for quite a few days Question 6 A.The man will take the woman wo the museum B.The man knows where the museum is located C.The woman is asking the way at the crossroads D.The woman will attend the opening of the museum Question 7 A.They cannot ask the guy to leave B.The guy has been coming in for years C.They should not look down upon the guy D.The guy must be feeling extremely lonely Question 8 A.Collect timepieces B.Become time-conscious C.Learn to mend locks D.Keep track of his daily activities Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 9 A.It winds its way to the sea B.It is quickly rising C.It is eating into its banks D.It is wide and deep