Unit_6_人教版八上英语讲解

Unit 6 How long have you been collecting the shells?

撰稿：张佃金责编：白雪雁

目标认知

重点词汇与短语：

skate, skater, stamp, monster, globe, collect, raise, store, miss, run out of, by the way, be interested in, far away, thanks for, anyone else

重点句型：

How long have you been collecting shells? 你收集贝壳有多久了？

I've been skating since I was seven years old. 我从七岁开始就一直在滑冰。

How long have you been skating? 你滑冰有多久了？

I have been skating since nine o'clock. 我从九点开始滑的。

I have been skating for five hours. 我已经滑冰五小时了。

I'd like to start a snow globe collectors' club. 我想开办一个球体收集者俱乐部。

The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.

我对中国的历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。

重点语法：

现在完成进行时

日常用语：

Congratulations on winning the skating marathon!

祝贺你赢得滑冰马拉松比赛。

I’d like to collect stamps because they are interesting.

我喜欢集邮，因为邮票很有趣。

If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.

如果你知道还有其他人收集他们，请告诉我。

精讲巧练

1. Congratulations on winning the skating marathon!

祝贺你赢得滑冰马拉松比赛。

点拨

congratulations on doing sth. 祝贺你做了某事

congratulations on sth.祝贺某事

Congratulations! 恭喜! 祝贺!

随时练

【考例】

--- In this competition I won the first.

---_________ .

A. I’d like to

B. Sorry

C. That’s all right

D. Congratulations

【答案与解析】D. Congratulations! 恭喜! 祝贺! 对已取得的成绩的一种祝贺。

2. A: Alison, how long have you been skating?

B: I have been skating for five hours.

A：艾丽森，你滑冰多长时间了？

B：我已经滑了五个小时。

点拨1

for表示时间的持续，后面加时间段，表示一段时间，多与带数词的名词连用，其谓语需用延续性动词。例如：

We have been learning English for two years.我们已经学英语两年了。

I slept for eight hours last night.我昨晚睡了八个小时。

【拓展】

在现在完成时中，若动词为非延续性动词，与for短语连用时，要转换为延续性动词。例如：

borrow—keep；buy—have；arrive—be here；come back—be back；get up—be up

die—be dead；begin—be on

点拨2

since表示“自从过去某一时间点以来”，后面接点时间，强调动作或状态一直延续到现在，一般用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。例如：

I have been skating since eight o’clock.自从八点开始，我就一直在滑冰。

I have been listening to music since 1999.自从1999年以来，我一直听音乐。

I have been here since I came to China.自从我来到中国，我就一直在这儿。

随时练

【考例】

Mother has __________for two days.

A. left

B. arrived

C. been

D. been away

【答案与解析】D. for two days表示一段时间，动词要用可延续性的动词，been away 可以表示持续的状态。

3. I’m talking to you from the Hilltop School Marathon. Here students are skating to raise money for charity.

我正在山顶中学马拉松比赛现场向你报道。在这儿，学生们正在为慈善事业筹集资金。点拨1

talk to sb.在此意为“向某人报道”，相当于report to。例如：

I’m rep orting to you about the sports meeting. 我正在向你报道运动会的情况。

Mr.Li will talk to you about YaoMing. 李先生将向你报道关于姚明的情况。

点拨2

raise…for 为……筹集

例如：

Some singers raise lots of money for the poor students to go to school.

许多歌手为贫穷学生能上学而募集资金。

【拓展】

raise one’s hand 举手raise one’s hat to sb. 向某人举帽致敬

raise a child 养育孩子raise funds 筹集资金

raise salaries 增加薪水raise money 筹钱，筹款

随时练

【考例】

We are here to __________funds for the charity.

A. raise

B. rise

C. get

D. want

【答案与解析】答案：A.“为……筹钱”用raise funds/money for。

4. How long have you been in class today?

你们今天上了多长时间的课？

点拨1

How l ong …? 多长时间？（疑问句）多久（对段时间提问）例如：

How long have you been waiting? 你已经等了多久？

How long will the meeting last? 会议将持续多长时间？

I've been skating for five hours? How long have you been skating?

【拓展】

How soon...? 多久以后（对in+对段时间的将来时态提问）例如：

He will come here in an hour. How soon will he come here?

How often...? 多久一次（对动作的频率提问）例如：

He comes here twice a week. How often does he come here?

随时练

【考例1】

My brother __________to New York twice.

A. has gone

B. has been

C. went

D. goes

【答案与解析】B.曾经去过某地已经回来了用have been to结构。

【考例2】

--- __________ have you been skiing? --- Half a year.

A. How long

B. How often

C. How far

D. When

【答案与解析】A.由答语“Half a year”一段时间可知应用How long提问。

【考例3】

H e __________for three hours, and he’s still watching now.

A. has been

B. watched

C. has been watching

D. is watching

【答案与解析】C.表达动作从过去开始到现在并可能继续下去，用现在完成进行时态。

5. For every hour they skate, each student raises ten yuan for charity.

每滑一小时，每个学生为慈善机构筹集10元钱。

点拨

every, each 都表“每一”，但every 大家具有的共性，every 还等于all，表示全体齐全，一个不缺；而each强调每个人或事物有着各自互不相同的个性或差异性。此外every还可表每隔（一段时间/距离）。例如：

Every student is here. 学生都到齐了。

Each person has his own advantages. 每个人都有他的优势（长处）。

随时练

【考例】

He goes to visit his friends in the town _______ two weeks.

A. every

B. each

C. none

D. some

【答案与解析】A. every可表每隔（一段时间/距离）

6. Alison was the first one to start, and has been skating for the whole five hours.

Alison是第一个开始滑的，并且已滑了足足5个小时。

点拨

序数词前必须用定冠词the，后接名词或代词。句中不定式短语“to start”作后置定语，修饰代词one，one指代滑冰的人。whole adj. “整个的，完整的”，前常加the或物主代词。例如：

I want to get to know the whole story.

He puts his whole life on education.

注意：

第一个开始的：the first one to start

最后一个回家：the last one to go home

随时练

【考例】

Zhang Li has been working for______ eight hours.

A. the whole

B. the all

C. whole

D. all

【答案与解析】A. whole 形容词，“整个的，完整的”，前常加the或物主代词。

7. My mom says I have to stop，because we’ve run out of room to store them.

我妈妈说我必须停下来，因为我们用尽了屋里所有的空间来存放这些东西。

点拨1

run out of “用尽，缺乏”。例如：

He ran out of all his money to buy the book. 他用尽了他所有的钱来买这本书。

People will run out of water resources one day. 人们总有一天会缺乏水资源。

点拨2

room“空间，余地”，不可数名词。例如：

There will be standingroom only. 人们将会只有立足之地。

Could you make room for my daughter? 你能给我女儿腾个地方吗？

点拨3

store

n. 商店；贮藏

book store 书店department store 百货商场

v. 贮存，收集

store up grain 储备粮食

【拓展】

run across 无意碰到，跑过；run after 追赶；run away 逃跑；running water 自来水

随时练

【考例1】

Peter______ his best friend in the street yesterday.

A. ran after

B. ran away

C. ran out

D. ran across

【答案与解析】D.run across 意为“偶遇”；run after意为“跟在后面追赶”；run away 意为“逃跑”；run out意为“用尽”。结合题意，此处应是偶遇。

【考例2】

The ship was full of people. There was no______ for Ellen.

A. room

B. rooms

C. a room

D. any room

【答案与解析】A. room 此处为抽象名词“空间，地方”的意思。“船上到处是人，没有Ellen的地方。”

8. If you know anyone else who collects them, please tell me.

如果你知道还有其他人收集它们，请告诉我。

点拨1

anyone “任何人”，any“任何的”（用于肯定句）。

点拨2

else “别的，其他的”，形容词/副词。else作形容词时常用作后置定语，即放在疑问代词who, what, which或放在不定代词something, anything, nothing, anyone, everyone后面。else 作副词通常放在疑问副词when, where, how后面。例如：

Who else has any good ideas? I have something else to tell you.

--- What else do you want? --- Nothing else.

Where else in China have you been to?

随时练

【考例】

Is there ______ in today’s newspaper?

A something new

B new something

C anything new

D new anything

【答案与解析】C. 形容词与不定代词连用，放在不定代词的后面。

9. By the way, what’s your hobby?

顺便说（提）一下，你的爱好是什么？

点拨

by the way 顺便说（提）一下

way可指“道路”“方法、途经，方式”。

【拓展】

on the way(to)… 在去……的路上in the way 挡路

in this (that)way 用这种（那种）方法in a way 在某种程度上

in no way 决不lose one's way 迷路

随时练

【考例】

______ the way, what’s your name?

A. By

B. On

C. In

D. For

【答案与解析】A. by the way 顺便说（提）一下

10. The more I learn about Chinese history, the more I enjoy living in China.

我对中国的历史了解得越多，我就越喜欢住在中国。

点拨

The more …, the more … 越……越……

the+形容词比较级…，the+形容词比较级… 越……越……

随时练

【考例】

You know __________you are, __________mistakes you’ll make.

A. the careful; the few

B. the more careful; the less

C. careful; few

D. the more careful; the fewer

【答案与解析】D.此题考查“the+比较级+句子，the+比较级+句子”结构。

11. Although I li ve quite far from Beijing, I’m certain I will be here for the Olympic Games in 2008!

虽然我住的地方离北京很远，但我确信2008年奥运会时我会在这儿。

点拨1

quite far from表示“离……相当远”。例如：

Ji’nan is quite far from Beijing. 济南离北京相当远。

I live quite far from the center of the city. 我住在离市中心很远的地方。

点拨2

although不能与but连用

随时练

【考例】

______, they were very happy. (2010 山东烟台)

A. Though they have no money

B. Though they had got fine clothes

C. Although they were very poor

D. Although they were rich

【答案与解析】C.本题考查让步状语从句。让步状语从句可由although来引导，意为“虽然，尽管”。句意为：虽然他们很穷，但他们很快乐。故选C。

写作进行时

【例题】

你有集邮（collect stamps）的爱好吗？请谈谈你集邮的历史。如果没有，也可以谈谈

你别的爱好，以此为内容用英语写一篇60词左右的短文。

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________

【写作点拨】

1. 审题：

本篇作文要求写你的爱好，注意现在完成时的用法；

2. 列出相关的短语：

fell in love with 爱上…… show… to… 把……展示给…… such as 例如等

3. 谋篇：

注意使用句型“have + done”的用法以及“for+时间段”。

4. 写作：现在同学可以按照上面的写作过程来写作啦！

【参考范文】

I like to collect many things, such as nice stones, names of movies, books, toys, photos of famous people. But I like collecting stamps best. I have been collecting stamps for five years. When I was very young, my uncle sent me a stamp from Australia.

I loved it at once. Since then I tried to collect stamps and fell in love with it.

I have more than one hundred stamps. Some were sent by my friends, some were collected by myself; some were from foreign countries, some were Chinese. I like them. Often, I take them out and show them to my friends.

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Unit4 What's the best movie theater?

1. 医生 2. 工程师 3. 小提琴手 4. 飞行员 5. 钢琴家 6. 科学家 7. 大学 8. 教育 9. 药，医学 10. 大学，高等学府 11. 文章，论文12. 邮寄，发送 13. 长大成长 14. 确信 15. 确保 16. 决心，决定 17. 外国的 18. 能够 19. 讨论，商量 20. 承诺，诺言 21. 开头，开端 22. 改进，改善

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◇总第1课时 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? Section A 1 (1a-2d) 一、教学目标： 1. 语言知识目标： 1) 能掌握以下单词：anyone, anywhere, wonderful, quite a few, most, something, nothing, everyone, of course, myself, yourself 能掌握以下句型： ①—Where did you go on vacation? —I went to the mountains. ②—Where did Tina to on vacation? —She went to the beach. ③—Did you go with anyone? —Yes, I did./No, I didn’t. 2) 能了解以下语法： —复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。 —yourself, myself等反身代词的用法。 3）一般过去时态的特殊疑问句，一般疑问句及其肯定、否定回答。 2. 情感态度价值观目标： 学会用一般过去时进行信息交流，培养学生的环保意识，热爱大自然。 二、教学重难点 1. 教学重点： 1) 用所学的功能语言交流假期去了什么旅行。 2) 掌握本课时出现的新词汇。 2. 教学难点： 1) 复合不定代词someone, anyone, something, anything等的用法。 2) yourself, myself等反身代词的用法。 三、教学过程 Ⅰ. Lead-in 1. 看动画片来进入本课时的主题谈论上周末做了些什么事情，谈论过去发生的事情。 Ⅱ. Presentation 1. Show some pictures on the big screen. Let Ss read the expressions. 2. Focus attention on the picture. Ask: What can you see? Say: Each picture shows something a person did in the past. Name each activity and ask students to repeat: Stayed at home, Went to mountains, went to New York City 6. Went to the beach, visited my uncle, visited museums, went to summer camp 3. Now, please match each phrase with one of the pictures next to the name of the activity，point to the sample answer. 4. Check the answers. Answers: 1. f 2. b 3. g 4. e 5. c 6. a 7. d III. Listening 1. Point to the picture on the screen.

新版人教版八年级上册英语单词表

新版人教版八年级上册英语单词表 Unit1Where did you go on vacation? 1)______________pron.任何人 2)____________ adv.任何地方n.任何(一个)地方 3)_______________ adj.精彩的；极好的 4)_______________f adj.很少的；n.少量 5)_____________adj.最多的；大多数的； 6)_______________pron.某事物； 7)_____________pron.没有什么n.没有 8)_________________pron.我自己 9)_________________pron.每人；人人 10)_____________pron.你自己；你亲自 11)__________________n.母鸡；雌禽12)_______________adj.无聊的；厌烦的；郁闷的 13)__________________n.猪 14)_______________n.日记；日记簿(keep a diary) 15)__________________vi.似乎；好像 16)________________pron.某人；有人 17)__________________相当多(后接可数名词) 18)__________________当然 19)__________________n.活动；活跃 20)__________________v.决定；选定 21)______________v.尝试；设法；努力 22)_________________.鸟；禽 23)_________________n.空中滑翔跳伞 24)__________________n.自行车 25)___________________n.建筑物