人教版八年级下册英语Unit10知识点讲解学习

Unit10 I've had this bike for three years 名词：

yard 院子

memory 记忆；回忆cent 分；分币

toy 玩具

bear 熊

marker 生产者；制定者scarf 围巾；披巾；头巾

board 板；木板

bedroom 卧室

railway 铁路；铁道

while 一段时间；一会儿

hometown 家乡；故乡

crayon 蜡笔；粉笔

shame 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧

century 世纪；百年

childhood 童年；幼年

动词：

clear 清理；清除own 拥有；有count 数数

consider 仔细考虑；注视

hold 拥有；抓住

regard 将…视为；把…视为；看待形容词：

sweet 甜蜜的；甜的；含糖的soft 软的；柔软的certain 某一；确定的

honest 诚实的；老实的

truthful 诚实的；真实的

junior 地位（或职位；级别）低下的

副词：

nowadays 现今；现在；目前especially 尤其；特别；格外

介词：

among 在（其）中；……之一

兼类词：

check v&n 检查；审查

search v&n 搜索；搜查

part v离开；分开n 角色；部分opposite prep 与……相对；在……对面adj 对面的；另一边的

短语：

yard sale 庭院拍卖会

bread maker 面包机

soft toy 软体玩具；布绒玩具check out 查看；观察

clear out 清理；丢掉

board game 棋类游戏

junior high school 初中no longer 不再；不复

as for 至于；关于

to be honest 说实在的

according to 依据；按照

close to 几乎；接近

part with 放弃；交出（尤指不舍得的东西）

知识点：

1、keep 保留

keep sth for sb = keep sb sth 为某人保留某物

I keep all her letters. 我保留着她所有的信。

Please keep a seat for me. = Please keep me a seat. 请给我留个座位。

2、in need 在困难时；在危难之中

be in need of 需要……

We are raising money for children in need. 我们在为贫困儿童募捐。

A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。

After working for ten hours, she was in great need of rest. 工作十小时之后，她非常需要休息。in短语：

in danger 在危险中in trouble 在困境中in order 井然有序

in hand 在手头；在控制中

2、check 检查；审查

check in （在旅馆、机场等）登记

check out 察看；观察

You should check your answer before you hand in your paper. 在你交卷子前你应该检查答案。

You should check in before the flight. 飞机起飞前你应该登记。

If you find something interesting, I will check it out. 如果你发现什么有趣的东西，我会去看一下。

3、junior high school 初中

high school 高中

4、no longer = not……any longer不再；不复

This kind of skirt is no longer in fashion. = This kind of skirt is not in fashion any longer. 这种裙子不再流行。He no longer lives in the city. = He doesn't live in the city any longer. 他不再住在这个城市了。

5、own 拥有；有

I don't own anything. 我什么都没有。

The girl owns many books. 这个女孩有很多书。

①形容词性物主代词+ own + 名词某人自己的某物

I saw it with my own eyes. 我亲眼看到的。

②on one's own 单独；独自

You can't do that on your own. 你不能独自做那个。

③of one's own 属于自己的

I'd like to have a house of my own. 我想有个属于自己的房子。

6、①part v离开；分开

part with 放弃；交出（尤指不舍得的东西）

When he parted the curtains, the sunlight flooded into the room. 他拉开窗帘，阳光洒进屋内。They felt sad to part with the old house. 要和自己的老房子分开了，他们感到很伤心。

②part n 角色；部分

take part in 参加

play a part in 在……中扮演角色/起作用

About 400 students took part in the activity. 大约四百名学生参加了这个活动。

play a key part in = play an important part in 在……中发挥重要作用

He played a key part in the game. 在这次比赛中他发挥了重要作用。

7、certain某一；确定的

A certain person called me yesterday. 昨天有人给我打电话了。

There are certain things I can't discuss with my mother. 有些事情我没法和我母亲商量。

be certain of/about 对……有把握

He is certain of/about getting a ticket. 他有把握买到票。

8、as for 至于；关于

As for robots, I can't tell you anything. 关于机器人，我不能告诉你任何事情。

9、honest 诚实的；老实的

He is an honest boy. 他是个诚实的男孩。

to be honest 说实在的

To be honest, his speech is really boring. 说实在的，他的演讲实在是无聊。

10、while 一段时间；一会儿

after a while 过了一会儿for a while 暂时；一会儿quite a while 很长一段时间in a while 不久；马上

all the while 一直；始终once in a while 偶尔；有时

At last, he could relax for a while. 他终于可以放松一下了。

Mr. Li will come to meet you in a while. 李先生过一会儿会来见你。

11、do with 处理；安置，强调处理对象，和what连用

deal with 处理；应付，强调处理方法，和how连用

I don't know what to do with these emails. 我不知道如何处理这些电子邮件。My parents taught me how to deal with pressure. 我的父母教我如何应对压力。

She told me how to deal with the problem. = She told me the problem.

12、once or twice 一两次

一次once = one time

两次twice = two times

三次及以上基数词+ times three times 三次

once/twice/基数词+times a day/week/month/year 一天/周/月/年几次

once a day 一天一次twice a week 一周两次

I play football once a week. 我一周踢一次足球。

Mr. Green usually washes his face twice a day. Green先生一天洗两次脸。

13、nowadays 现今；现在；目前，位于句首或句末

Nowadays most kids prefer watching TV to reading. 现在大多数孩子喜欢看电视胜过读书。News flies about rapidly nowadays. 现在消息传播的很快。

14、search 搜索；搜查

search（+ 地点）for sb/sth （在某处）搜寻某人/某物

search sb 搜某人的身

in search of 寻找……

He searched for his schoolbag everywhere. 他到处寻找他的书包。

He searches everyone regularly. 他例行搜身检查。

Tom went to the big city in search of a good job. Tom去大城市，想找一个好工作。

15、①among 在（其中）；……之一，用于三者及三者以上= one of ……

The movie is the best among the modern movies. 在现代电影中这部是最好的。

New York is among/one of the largest cities in the world. 纽约是世界上最大的城市之一。

②between 两者之间

He is usually free between Tuesday and Thursday. 他通常在周二到周四之间有空。

Tom sits between Lily and Mary. Tom坐在Lily和Mary之间。

16、shame 羞耻；羞愧；惭愧

It's a shame that……真遗憾……

It's a shame to do sth 做某事是羞耻的

What a shame！真遗憾！/多可惜啊！

It's a shame that you have to leave so soon. 你这么快就要走了，真遗憾。

It's a shame to talk in the class. 上课说话是一件羞耻的事。

What a shame we missed the wedding！我们错过了这场婚礼太可惜了！

17、regard 将……认为；将……视为；看待

regard……as……把……当做/视为……

I regard you as my best friend. 我把你当做我最好的朋友

He regards Titanic as his best film. 他认为泰坦尼克号是他最好的电影。

18、century 世纪；百年

①某一世纪：the + 序数词+ century

the 21th century 21世纪

the 20th century 20世纪

②在……世纪……年代：in the + 整十年份的复数= in the 整十年份+ 's

in the 1740s = in the 1740's 在18世纪40年代

Albert Einstein lived in the 20th century. 爱因斯坦生活在20世纪。

19、consider doing sth 仔细考虑做某事

He is considering going or not. 他正在考虑去还是不去。

20、含since或for 的现在完成时

（1）某些动词的现在完成时可表示过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在的动作或状态

常与for + 一段时间或since + 过去的时间点/动作连用

Tom has worked in this university for twenty years. Tom在这所大学工作20年了。

He has learned about 8000 English words since he went to university. 他上大学以来学了约8000个单词了。She has been at this school since five years ago. 她从五年前开始就一直在这个学校。

He has lived in Suzhou since 2008. 他从2008年就住在苏州。

（2）含for 和含since 的现在完成时句子可以互相转换。

She has lived here since 13 years ago.= She has lived here for 13 years. 她从13年前就住在这儿了。

I haven't seen him since three ago.= I haven't seen him for two years.我有两年没见过他了。

（3）现在完成时中的谓语动词

在现在完成时中，和一段时间连用的动词必须为延续性动词，即这个动作是可以持续的。

常见延续性动词：have，live，teach，learn，work，study，know等

常见的非延续性动词：come，go，leave，start，die，finish，become，join，buy，get married等。

非延续性动词要替换成对应的延续性动词才能与一段时间连用。

他入团两年了。He has joined the League for two years. （×）

He has been a League member for two years. （√）

这辆自行车我买了三年了。I have bought this bike for three years. （×）

I have had this bike for three years. （√）

（4）非延续性动词对应的延续性动词

1.—Did you borrow the comic book from the library？

2.—Yes. I （借）it for three days. I'll return it this afternoon.

3.Uncle Li （住）in Beijing since 2008, so he knows a lot about the city.

4.They （交朋友）since ten years ago.

5.Tom （买）the pen for five years, and it means a great deal to him.

6.They （结婚）for ten years.

7.—Paul, do you know Jenny？—Do I know Jenny？I （了解）her since she was born. 用since或for填空

1.He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.

2.I've known him we were children.

3.Our teacher has studied Japanese three years.

4.She has been away from the city about ten years.