Acute upper respiratory tract infection急性上呼吸道感染Influenza 流行性感冒
Acute tracheobronchitis 急性气管-支气管炎
Pneumonia 肺炎
Community acquired pneumonia, CAP 社区获得性肺炎Hospital acquired pneumonia,, HAP 医院获得性肺炎
Lung abscess 肺脓肿
Bronchiectasis 支气管扩张症
Pulmonary tuberculosis 肺结核
Chronic bronchitis 慢性支气管炎
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, COPD慢性阻塞性肺病Bronchial asthma 支气管哮喘
Airway hyperresponsiveness 气道高反应性
Bronchial provocation test 支气管激发试验
Pulmonary thromboembolism 肺血栓栓塞症
Cor pulmonale 肺心病
Interstitial lung disease, ILD 间质性肺疾病
Sarcoidisis 结节病
Pleural effusions 胸水
Pneumothorax 气胸
Primary bronchigenic carcinoma 肺癌
Sleep spnea hypopnea syndrome 睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征Respiratory failure 呼吸衰竭
Acute respiratory distress syndrome ,ARDS 急性呼吸窘迫综合征Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ,MODS 多器官功能障碍综合征Heart failure 心力衰竭
Atrial premature beats 房性期前收缩
Atrial tachycardia 房性心动过速
Atrial flutter 心房扑动
Atrial fibrillation 心房颤动
Primary hypertension 高血压
Atherosclerosis 动脉粥样硬化
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease 冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病Coronary heart disease 冠状动脉性心脏病
Stable angina pectoris 稳定型心绞痛/稳定型劳力性心绞痛Unstable angina ,UA 不稳定型心绞痛
Myocardial infarction 心肌梗死
Remodeling 心室重塑
Valvular heart disease 心脏瓣膜病
Mitral stenosis 二尖瓣狭窄
Mitral incompetence 二尖瓣关闭不全
Aortic stenosis 主动脉瓣狭窄
Dilated cardiomyopathy ,DCM 扩张型心肌病Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ,HCM 肥厚型心肌病Restrictive cardiomyopathy RCM 限制型心肌病Myocarditis 心肌炎
Acute pericarditis 急性心包炎
Aortic dissection 主动脉夹层
Peripheral arterial disease .PAD 周围动脉病Cardopvascular neurosis 心血管神经症gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD 胃食管返流性疾病carcinoma of the esophagus 食管癌
acute gastritis 急性胃炎
chronic gastritis 慢性胃炎
peptic ulcer 消化性溃疡
gastric carcinoma 胃癌
intestinal tubervulosis 肠结核
tuberculous peritonitis 结核性腹膜炎
inflammatory vowel disease ,IBD 炎症性肠病
ulcerative colitis, UC 溃疡性结肠炎
Crohn’s disease,CD 克罗恩病
Colorectal carcinoma 大肠癌
Functional gastrointestinal disorder 功能性胃肠病
Functional dyspepsia,FD,功能性消化不良
Irritable bowel syndrome ,IBS 肠易激综合征
Chronic diarrhea ,慢性腹泻
Fatty liver disease 脂肪性肝病
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease ,NAFLD 非酒精性脂肪性肝病Alcoholic fatty liver disease ,酒精性脂肪性肝病Autoimmume hepatitis ,AIH 自身免疫性肝病
Primary biliary cirrhosis ,PBC 原发性胆汁性肝硬化
Primary sclerosing cholangitis ,PSC 原发性硬化性胆管炎Hepatic cirrhosis 肝硬化
Portal hypertension 门静脉高压
Hepatorenal syndrome , HRS,肝肾综合征Hepatopulmonary syndrome ,HPS 肝肺综合征
Primary carcinoma of the liver 原发性肝癌
Alpha fetoprotein ,AFP 甲胎蛋白
Hepatic encephalopathy ,HE 肝性脑病
Acute pancreatitis 急性胰腺炎
Mild Acute pancreatitis, MAP 轻症胰腺炎
Severe Acute pancreatitis ,SAP 重症胰腺炎
Chronic pancreatitis , CP 慢性胰腺炎
Carcinoma of pancreas 胰腺癌
Upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage 上消化道出血
Lower gastrointestinal hemorrhage 消化道出血
Glonerular basement membrane ,GBM 肾小球基底膜
Acute glomerulonephritis 急性肾小球肾炎
Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis 急进性肾小球肾炎
Chronic glomerulonephritis 慢性肾小球肾炎
Asymptomatic hematuria and/or proteinuria 无症状性血尿/蛋白尿(隐匿型肾小球肾炎)Nephrotic syndrime,NS 肾病综合征
Evidence-based ,medicine, EBM 循证医学
Acute intersititial nephritis ,AIN 急性间质性肾炎
Chronic interstitial nephritis ,CIN 慢性间质性肾炎
Urinary tract infection ,UTI 尿路感染
Renal tubular acedosis ,RTA 肾小管酸中毒
Renal artery stenosis 肾动脉狭窄
Renal artery embolism 肾动脉栓塞
Renal artery thrombosis 肾动脉血栓
Hypertensive nephrosclerosis 高血压肾硬化症
Benign arteriolar nephrosclerosis 良性小动脉性肾应硬化症
Malignant arteriolar nephrosclerosis 恶性小动脉性肾硬化症
Renal vein thromboosis ,RVT 深静脉血栓形成
Acute renal failure ,ARF 急性肾衰竭
Chronic ranal failure ,慢性肾衰竭
Stem cell 干细胞
Totipotent 全能
Anemia 贫血
Aplastic anemia ,AA 再生障碍性贫血
Pure red cell anemia ,PRCA 纯红细胞障碍性贫血
Congenitial dyserythropoietic anemia ,CDA 先天性红细胞生成异常性贫血Iron depletion ,,ID 铁耗尽
Iron deficient anemia ,IDA 缺铁性贫血
Megaloblastic anemia ,MA 巨幼红细胞贫血
Hemolytic anemia ,HA 溶血性贫血
Hereditary spherocytosis ,遗传性球形细胞增多症
Autoimmune hernolytic anemia ,AIHA 自身免疫性溶血性贫血Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria ,PNH 阵发性睡眠性血红蛋白尿Leukopenia 白细胞减少
Myelodysplastic syndromes ,MDS 骨髓增生异常综合征
Refractory anemia ,RA 难治性贫血
Leukemia 白血病
Chronic leukemia ,CL 慢性白血病
Chronic myeloid leukemia ,CML 慢性髓细胞白血病
Chronic lymphoblastic leukemia ,CLL 慢性淋巴细胞白血病
Hairy cell leukemia , HCL 毛细胞白血病
Prolymphodcyte leukemia ,PLL 幼淋巴细胞白血病
Acute myeloid leukemia ,AML 急性髓细胞白血病/急性粒细胞白血病M0 :minimally differentiatedAML 急性髓细胞白血病微分化型
M1 :AML without maturation 急性粒细胞白血病未分化型
M2 AMLwith maturation 急性粒细胞白血病部分分化型
M3 acute puomyelocytic leukemia ,APL 急性早幼粒细胞白血病
M4 acute myelomonocytic leukemia ,AMML 急性粒-单核细胞白血病M4Eo AML with monocytic leukemia ,AM o L 急性单核细胞白血病M5 :acute monocytic leukemia ,AMoL 急性单核细胞白血病
M6 Erythroleukemia ,EL 红白细胞白血病
M7 acute megakaryokaruoblastic leukemia ,AMeL 急性巨核细胞白血病Lymphoma 淋巴瘤
Hodgkin lymphoma ,HL 霍奇金淋巴瘤
Non-hodgkin lymphoma ,NHL 非霍奇金淋巴瘤
Multiple myeloma ,MM 多发性骨髓瘤
Myeloproliferative disease ,MPD 骨髓增生性疾病
Polycythemia vera ,PV 真性红细胞增多症
Primary thrombocythemia ,原发性血小板增多症
Primary myelofibrosis ,原发性骨髓纤维化症
Hypersplenism 脾功能亢进症
Purpura 紫癜
Vascular purpura 血管性紫癜
Thrombocytic purpura 血小板性紫癜
Allergic purpura / schonlein-henochsyndrome 过敏性紫癜
Idiopathic thrombocytopenec purpura ,ITP 特发性血小板减少性紫癜
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura ,TTP 血栓性血小板减少性紫癜
Hemophilia 血友病
Von willebrand disease ,vWD 血管性血友病
Disseminated intravascular coagulation ,DIC 弥散性血管内凝血
Thrombosis 血栓形成
Hematopoietic stem cell transpantation ,HSCT 造血干细胞移植
Gigantism 巨人症
Acromegaly 肢端肥大症
Growth hormone deficiency dwafism ,GHD 生长激素缺乏性侏儒症
Diabetes insipidus ,DI 尿崩症
Argenine vasopressin ,AVP 精氨酸加压素/antidiyretichormone ,ADH 抗利尿激素Syndrome of inappropriate antidiretichormone secretion ,SIADH 抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征Goiter 甲状腺肿
Iodine deficiency disorders ,IDD 碘缺乏病
Simple goiter 单纯性甲状腺肿
Endemic goiter 地方性甲状腺肿
Thyrotoxicosis 甲状腺毒症
Hypertyyroidism 甲状腺功能亢进症
Destructive thyrotixicosis 破坏性甲状腺毒症
Hypothroidism 甲状腺功能减退症
Primary hypothyroidism 原发性甲减
Rertiary hypothyroidism 三发性甲减
Central hypothyroidism 中枢性甲减
Subacute thyroiditis 亚急性甲状腺炎
Autoimmune thyroiditis ,AIT 自身免疫性甲状腺炎
Thyroid nodule 甲状腺结节
Thyroid cancer 甲状腺癌
Cushing's syndrome 库欣综合征
Primary aldosteronism 原发性醛固酮增多症
Chronic adrenocortical hypofunction /Addison disease 原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症Pheochromocytoma 嗜铬细胞瘤
Hyperparathyroidism 原发性甲状旁腺功能亢进
Hypoparathyroidism 甲状旁腺功能减退症
Miltiple endocrine neoplasia ,MEN 多发性内分泌腺瘤病
Diabetes mellitus 糖尿病、
Hypoglycemia 低血糖症
Dyslipidemia 血脂异常
Obesity 肥胖症
Hyperuricemia 高尿酸血症
Gout 痛风
Osteoporosis ,OP 骨质疏松症
Rheumatic diseases 风湿性疾病
Rheimatoed arthritis ,RA 类风湿性关节炎
Systemic lupus erythematosus ,SLE 系统红斑性狼疮
Lupus nephristis ,LN 狼疮肾炎
Seronegative spondyloarthropathies 血清阴性脊柱关节病Ankylosing spondylitis ,AS 强直性脊柱炎
Reactive arthritis ,ReA 反应性关节炎/ Reiter syndrome ,RS Sjogren syndrome ,SS 干燥综合征
Vasculitides 血管炎病
Takayasu arteritis ,TA 大动脉炎
Giant cell arteritis ,GCA 巨细胞动脉炎
Polyarteritis nodosa ,PAN 结节性动脉炎
Idiopathic inflammatory myositis ,IIM 特发性炎症性肌病Systemic sclerosis ,SSc 系统性硬化性病
Osteoarthritis ,OA 骨关节炎
Fibromyalgia syndrome ,FS 纤维肌痛综合征