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托福听力答案

托福听力答案
托福听力答案

12月24日

1 What is the main purpose of the lecture?

A. To explain why scientists disagree about the age of the Moon

B. To present arguments in favor of another Moon landing

C. To explain how scientists discovered a crater on the far side of the Moon

D. To review some finding of a recent mission to the Moon

2 What does the professor imply about the spacecraft Clementine?

A. It sent back the first color photographs of the Moon

B. It was powered by solar energy

C. It landed in the far side of the Moon

D. It flew over the Moon’s polar regions

3 Why does the professor mention the Moon’s mantle?

A. To explain why scientists believe that meteor impacts cannot affect the Moon’s mantle

B. To explain what kind of information scientists hope to obtain from the mantle

C. To point out that the Moon’s crust and mantle are made of similar materials

D. To point out that the Moon’s mantle and Earth’s mantle have different compositions

4 Why is the South Pole-Aitken Basin thought to be exceptionally old?

A. The walls of the Basin are more reflective than those of most other craters

B. Testing of rocks from the Basin’s floor proves them to be as old as the Moon itself

C. Many small craters have been detected at the bottom of the Basin

D. A large amount of dust has been detected in and around the Basin

5 Why does the professor consider it important to find out if water ice exists on the Moon? Click on 2 answers.

A. Water ice could be processed to provide breathable air for astronauts

B. One component of water ice could be used as a fuel for rockets

C. Water ice could contain evidence of primitive life on the Moon

D. Water ice could be tested to find out what type of meteors crashed into the Moon

Astronomy

Narrator:Listen to part of a lecture in an Astronomy Class

Professor:Last week, we covered some arguments against going back to the Moon. But there are compelling reasons in favor of another Moon landing too, um… not the least of which is trying to pinpoint the moon’s age. We could do this in theory by studying an enormous impact crater, known as the South Pole-Aitken Basin. Um…it’s located in the moon’s South Polar Region. But, since it’s on the far side of the moon, it can only be seen from space. Here is an image of…we’ll call it the SPA Basin. This color-coated image of the SPA Basin, those aren’t its actual colors obviously, this image is from the mid 90s, from the American spacecraft called Clementine. Um… unlike earlier lunar missions, Clementine didn’t orbit only around the moon’s equator. Its orbits enable it to send back data to create this topographical map of … well, the grey and white area towards the bottom is the South Pole, the purples and blues in the middle correspond to low elevations - the SPA Basin itself, the oranges and reds around it are higher elevations. The basin measures an amazing 2,500 km in diameter, and its average depth is 12 km. That makes it the biggest known crater in our solar system and it may well be the oldest. You know planetary researchers love studying deep craters until learn about the impacts that created them, how they redistributed pieces of a planet’s crust and in this case, we especially want to know if any of the mantle, the layer beneath the crust, was exposed by the impact. Not everyone agrees, but some experts are convinced that whatever created the SPA Basin did penetrate the Moon’s mantle. And we need to find out, because much more than the crust, the mantle contains information about a planet’s or Moon’s total composition. And that’s key to understanding planet formation. Um… Dian? Dian:So, the only way to know the basin’s age is to study its rocks directly?

Professor: well, from radio survey data, we know that the basin contains lots of smaller craters. So it must be really old, about 4 billion years, give or take a few hundred million years. But that’s not very precise. If we had rock samples to study, we’d know whether the small craters were formed by impacts during the final stages of planetary formation, or if they resulted from later meteor showers.

Dian:But if we know around how old the Basin is, I’m not sure that’s reason enough to go to the Moon again. Professor: No…, but such crude estimates…um…we can do better than that. Besides, there a re other things worth investigating, like is there water ice on the moon? Clementine’s data indicated that the wall of the south-polar crater was more reflective than expected. So some experts think there’s probably ice there. Also, data from a later missi on indicates significant concentrations of hydrogen and by inference water less than a meter underground at both poles.

Student:Well if there’s water, how did it get there? Underground rivers?

Professor: We think meteors that crashed into the moon or tails of passing comets may have introduced water molecules. Any water molecules that found their way to the floors of craters near the moon’s poles, that water would be perpetually frozen, because the floors of those craters are always in shadow. Um…furth ermore, if the water ice was mixed in with rock and dust, it would be protected from evaporation.

Dian: So are you saying there might be primitive life on the moon? Professor: that’s not my point at all. Um… o.k., say there is water ice on the moon. That would be a very practical value for a future moon base for astronauts. Water ice could be melted and purified for drinking. It could also be broken down into its component parts - oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen could be used to breathe, and hydrogen could be turned into fuel, rocket fuel. So water ice could enable the creation of a self-sustaining moon base someday, a mining camp perhaps or a departure point for further space exploration.

Student: But holding tons of equipment to the moon to make fuel and build a life support system for a moon base, wouldn’t that be too expensive?

Professor: Permanent base, maybe a way’s off, but we shouldn’t have to wait for that. The dust at the bottom of the SPA Basin really does have a fascinating story to tell. I wouldn’t g ive for a few samples of it.

答案:B D B C AB

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TOEFL新政后阅读和听力的评分标准

TOEFL新政后阅读和听力的评分标准 TOEFL新政后阅读和听力的评分标准是怎样的!给大家带来了TOEFL新政后阅读和听力的评分标准,希望能够帮助到大家,下面就和大家分享,来欣赏一下吧。 TOEFL新政后阅读和听力的评分标准 先回忆一下TOEFL新政的改革内容 考试时间变化 TOEFL考试由3.5小时缩短至3小时,题目形式和题型不变,题目数量减少,具体如下: 阅读共54分钟,3篇*,每篇*18分钟,10道题目; 听力共41分钟,对话2篇(每篇7分钟,5道题),讲座3篇(每篇9分钟,3篇)(以上时常算上了听力时间和做题时间) 口语共17分钟,1道独立口语,3道综合口语(据说删掉了Task15,待进一步确定) 写作不变,共50分钟,综合写作20分钟,独立写作30分钟 加试:

阅读1篇*,18分钟,10题 听力1篇对话,1篇讲座,共11题 从上表可以看出,听力中减少了1~2个lecture,口语删除了2题(分别为Task1和Task5),写作不变。 可以看出听力对于听力和综合写作integrated writing部分影响其实并没有变化,而口语部分由原先的4篇综合口语减少到了三篇,变相提升了听力在口语中的影响力和权重,具体我们可以通过这样的一场分析图来体会变化?? (TOEFL听力影响力变化) 从上表中可以看出,较旧版的托福考试,听力从总体分数上来说影响力还是有提升,主要体现在口语部分。 题型变化 阅读部分: 词汇题减少:3篇*只有5个词汇题 句意转述题减少:3篇*只有1个题 插入题和summary没有任何改变,都是每个*的最后两题 3篇*都是“旧题”,属于直接删减题目造就的“新考题”

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