高二英语必修五__第一单元复习资料解析

高二英语必修五第五单元集体备课整体教案

备课人：

The First Period Language Points

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language

a. Key words and phrases

attend, control, severe, pub, immediately, handle, instructor, pump, contribute, conclude, steam engine, virus, put forward, make a conclusion, expose to

b. Key sentence patterns

To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that ... P3

2. Ability goals

Enable the students to talk about the stages in scientific research.

Enable the students to use the new words and phrases.

3. Learning ability goals

Enable the students to know about the new words and phrases in the passage.

Get the students to learn the sentence patterns.

Teaching important & difficult points

Learn about the usage of the new words and phrases.

Learn some useful sentence patterns.

Teaching methods

Task-based learning approach.

4. Teaching procedures

Step 1 Revision

Ask some students to retell the passage about the King Cholera.

Step 2 Finding useful words and phrases

1. put forward 提出(意见、建议)；推荐；提名；将表拨快

【经典例句】He put forward a better plan.

他提出了一个更好的计划。

Can I put you/your name forward for golf club secretary?

我推荐你（提名让你）担任高尔夫球俱乐部的秘书好吗？

【归纳拓展】与put相关的其他短语

put aside 放在一边；储存；保留

put in打断；插嘴；进港put off 推迟；延期

put on 穿；上演put away 放好；收好

put down写下；镇压put on weight发福

put out生产、扑灭；熄火put up建造；举起；张贴

2. conclude v.结束；推断出；决定

【用法解读】

（1）conclude作及物动词，意为“结束；断定；决定”。

例如：conclude a speech/ an argument结束演说/争辩

We concluded not to go.我们决定不去。

（2）conclude作不及物动词，意为“结束；断定；决定”。

例如：to conclude（作插入语）最后（一句话）

The meeting concluded with The International. 大会在国际歌歌声中结束【归纳拓展】

1）conclusion

（1）conclusion作名词，意为“结束，结论”例如：

At the conclusion of the ceremony在仪式终了时

（2）conclusion相关短语

reach/make/draw/arrive at/come to a conclusion 得出结论

in conclusion 最后，总之

【经典例句】It is premature to make that conclusion.作出那种结论仍为时过早。

I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo.

最后，我对我的东京之行说几句

【即学即用】________, I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying in your beautiful country. (答案：A )

A. To conclude

B. To include

C. In the conclude

D. As conclusion

3. defeat v. & n.打败；战胜

【用法解读】defeat sb./sth.击败某人或某事；be defeated被打败了

【经典例句】They were d efeated in the football match.

他们在足球赛中输了

【归纳比较】1）defeat，beat与win作“打败”解时的区别:

beat与defeat的宾语是“人”；defeat的宾语常指“敌人”，在“游戏或

比赛”中则用beat；win后的宾语多用game，war，prize等词(注意

win的宾语不能是人) 。

2）作“打”之意时beat，hit与strike的区别：

beat强调“连续地打”；hit表示“打一下”；而strike则表示“一次有

力的打击”

【即学即用】用defeat，beat的适当形式填空

（1）. Finally our army _____________the enemy.

（2）. Brazil were ______________in the final 2-1.

(答案：defeated; beaten)

（3）.-- Who ____ the team from No. 2 Middle school? (答案：A)

-- I'm not sure. Perhaps the team from the nearby county.

A. defeated

B. won

C. beat

D. gained

4. expose vt.显露；露出；暴露；揭露；使曝光

【用法解读】

expose sth. to sb.揭发

expose oneself to sb’s influence使自己受某人的影响。

expose…to…“把……暴露于……之下（之中），使……受到……作用”

be exposed to view暴露无遗，被展示，暴露

be exposed to all kinds of weather经受风吹雨打

exposed adj.暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的

exposedness n.暴露，显露

expose sth to the light of day把某事暴露于光天化日之下

【经典例句】

He exposed the plot to the police.

他向警察揭发这个阴谋。

We expose the goods for sale.我们陈列商品以便推销

The crime of the corrupt officials must be exposed without any reserve.

对贪管污吏的罪行一定要毫无保留地予以揭发。

【高考链接】__________to the sunlight for too much time will do harm to your skin.（2002年上海）(答案：C )

A. Exposed

B. Having exposed

C. Being exposed

D. After being exposed

5. absorb vt.吸收；吸引

【用法解读】

1)吸收（液体，气体，光，声等）

2)汲取，理解（知识等）

3)使全神贯注；吸引（注意等）后常接介词in/by

4)合并（公司等）；吞并。常接介词into

5)承受；经受

be absorbed in=put one’s heart into专注；聚精会神

absorb...from sth 从……吸收

【经典例句】

Cotton gloves absorb sweat.

棉手套吸汗。

So many good ideas! It’s too much for me to absorb all at once.

这么多好主意！太多了，很难一下子完全吸收

The old man was completely absorbed in the book.

老人全神贯注地读这本书

The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.

四周的小城镇已并入这座城市

【归纳拓展】absorbed adj.精神集中的

absorbing adj.十分吸引人的

be absorbed in专心于，全神贯注于

【即学即用】翻译：他发现叔叔全神贯注地读书

_______________________________________________________ (答案：He found his uncle was absorbed in reading.) 【答案】A

She was so _____ in her b ook that she didn’t notice it was raining.

A. absorbed

B. attracted

C. drawn

D. concentrated

6. blame ①v.责备；指责②n. 过失，责任

【用法解读】blame sb. for sth./doing sth.因为某事责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame sth. on sb.把某事归咎于某人

be to blame (for) 应（为……）承担责任；该（为……）受责备（此

处不能用被动语态）

accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任

put/lay the blame for sth. on sb.将某事归咎于某人

【经典例句】The children were not to blame.

孩子们不应受到谴责。

Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in

speaking English. 很多孩子害怕说英语时犯错误而受责备

The police blamed the traffic accident on Jack’s careless driving.

警察把那起交通事故归咎于杰克的粗心驾驶

【归纳比较】：辨析blame和scold：

blame 包含责骂之意；

scold指唠唠叨叨的“数落”。

【高考链接】______ for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits.(2006年福建卷) （答案：B ）

A. Blaming

B. Blamed

C. To blame

D. To be blamed

（2002上海卷）I feel it is your husband who______ for the spoiled child. (A)

A. is to blame

B. is going to blame

C. is to be blamed

D. should blame

7. link ① v. 把……与……连接；联系。②n. 联系；连接；环

The two towns are linked by a railway.这两个乡镇由一条铁路连接起来。

【归纳拓展】下列短语为同义

l ink…with…l ink…and….(together)l ink…up link…to…

8. contribute v.捐献；贡献；捐助

【用法解读】contribute to 是固定搭配，to为介词，意为“捐献；贡献；把（时间）投入到；给……投稿；有助于……”

【经典例句】Have you contributed any money to that church?

你有没有给那个教堂捐一些钱？

He offered to contribute to the Red Cross.

他主动向红十字会捐款

【归纳拓展】contribution n.贡献；捐献；投稿

contributor n. 投稿者；捐助者

【即学即用】Some of the most important achievements in physics ____________their success to these mathematical systems. (答案：C )

A. oblige

B. owe

C. contribute

D. devote

9. apart from 除……之外

【经典例句】Apart from a few faults，he is a trustworthy teacher.

除了少数的几个缺点外，他是个值得信赖的老师

Apart from being too large, the trouses don’t suit me.

这条裤子不但太大，而且我穿着也不合适

【用法解读】1)from是介词，后面要跟名词、代词或动名词。

2)apart from也可以表示“脱离开” 如：

There can be no knowledge apart from practice.

没有知识能脱离实践。

【归纳比较】apart from/except for/except/except that /besides/in addition to 1）apart from在表“除……外（别无）”时相当于besides和except for,但apart from还有“除……以外（还）”之意。另外，apart from, except for都可用于句首，但except不能。

2）except“除……”（不包括其后的宾语），besides“除了……还”（包括其后的宾语）。另外，besides还可以作副词“并且，而且”

3）but for表示“如果不是由于……”之意（=If it were not for…或If it had not been for…）。

4) in addition to 相当于besides“除……之外，还有”（包括除去内容在内）

5）except that 后面跟句子，用来表示理由或细节

【即学即用】

（1）We go there every day _________ Monday.

(2) He is a good man ________his bad temper.

(3) Your article is good _________there are some spelling mistakes.

(4) _________ the cost, it will take a lot of time .

(5) _________that, everything goes well.

(答案：except; except for/apart from; except that; Apart from/Besides; Apart from/Except for)

【高考链接】1.I know nothing about the young lady＿＿＿she is from Beijing.(2000年上海高考题) (答案：C )

A. except

B. except for

C. except that

D. besides

10. (be)strict with

be strict in sth. in the strict sense严格说来strictly speaking 严格地说

例句：She is very strict not only _________all of us,but_________all her own work.(C)

A.in,with

B.with,with

C.with,in

D.in,in 答案：C

be strict with和be strict in都是“对……要求严格”之意，前者接人,后者接物。

11. make sense讲得通；有道理

【经典例句】Your story doesn’t make sense to me.

你编的故事我听不明白

It makes good sense to take good care of your health.

照顾好你的身体是明智的

【用法解读】如果想表示某人所说的话或提议，没道理、行不通。我们经常说：It doesn’t make any sense.

【归纳拓展】make sense of 理解；明白

make no sense 没有道理；没有意义

in a sense 就某种意义来说

in no sense 决不是，决非

There is no sense in doing sth.做什么没有道理

【即学即用】

No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t ___________to me. (答案: D)

A. understand

B. make out

C. turn out

D. make sense

12. look into调查，了解，研究；朝……里面看

【经典例句】He looks into her face with great interest.

他饶有兴趣地注视着她的脸

Let’s look into the problem together and figure out a way to solve it.

让我们一起来研究这个问题，想出解决的办法

【用法解读】look into与one’s face/eyes等连用，表示“注视” 。

【归纳拓展】和look组成的其他短语

look around/round/about环顾四周look after照顾；照料

look back回头看look back+to/upon/on回顾；回想look down upon俯视；轻视look for寻求；寻找

look forward to盼望look on旁观

look on/upon...as把……看作look out往外看；注意；当心

look through透过……看；浏览look up抬头看；查阅

【高考链接】It is reported that the police will soon ____ the case of two missing children.（2009江西）（答案：C ）

A. look upon

B. look after

C. look into

D. look out

Step 3 Find out the sentence patterns

1．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.

每当（疾病）突发时，总有成千的人死去

【句型剖析】1）本句是一个复合句，every time引导的是一个时间状语从句，意思是“每当……”，相当于“when”。另外，此状语从句中还有一个

“there be”结构。

2）So many thousands of terrified people died是主句。

【归纳拓展】类似的时间状语归纳：

1)each time 每次；每当

2)at the time 在……时候

3)any/next/the first/the last time 意为“任何/下一次/第一次/最后一次”

4) the moment, the minute, the second, the instant, immediately, directly,

instantly等都可以引导时间状语从句。意为“一……就”

【即学即用】同义句转换

I gave Mary the money when I saw her. (答案：the minute/the moment)

I gave Mary the money __________ ____________ I saw her.

2．He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people.

他对两个可能解释关于霍乱为什么能致人于死地的理论感兴趣

【句型剖析】1）how 引导的特殊疑问句是宾语从句。

2）he became interested in two theories explaining是主句。

3）主句是“主系表”结构：

become在此处为系动词，意为“变得；成为”，表示的是动态过程，become

ill表示“患病；得病”。通常

be+形容词意为“病了；病着”，则表示静态。

除此之外，常见的系表结构还有：get tired意思是“感觉累，感觉疲惫”；

get happy, get angry；get lost(迷路)；get married(结婚)；get used to(习惯于)；

get tired(累了)；get dressed(穿好衣服)；get angry(发怒) 。“turn＋形容词”，“become＋形容词”，“keep+形容词”。如：turn white(变白), become fatter

and fatter(变得越来越胖), keep open(保持开着) 等等

【归纳拓展】1）在英语中，陈述句、一般疑问句和特殊疑问句都可以在宾语从句中充当宾语，但一定要用陈述语气如：I don’t know what will

happen in future.(由特殊疑问词引导)

I wonder whether he lives here.（由whether或if引导）

He told that he was very sad at that moment.（由that引导，that可以省略）

2）和系动词get组成的常见搭配有：

【高考链接】Cleaning women in big cities usually get _____ by the hour.(NMET 1998)（答案：C）

A. pay

B. paying

C. paid

D. to pay

3．The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.

Suggest此处表示“暗示”。Suggest用法如下：

suggest vt.建议，提议（所接从句用虚拟语气）。

① suggest + doing 建议……。例如：

May I suggest doing it in another way? 我建议换一种方式做这件事如何？

② suggest sth. to sb. 向某人提议……。例如：

They suggested another shop to us. 他们向我们建议了另一家商店。

③ suggest (to sb.) that-clause (向某人)建议。例如：

She suggested that we should have lunch at the new restaurant.

她建议我们在那家新开的餐馆吃午餐。

suggest vt.暗示，表明（所接从句不用虚拟语气）。

① suggest sth. 暗示、表明……。例如：

That girl's sun-tanned face suggests excellent health.

那个姑娘被太阳晒黑了的脸表明她身体非常健康。

② suggest + that-clause 暗示、表明……。例如：

Her expression suggested that he had told a lie 她的表情表明撒了慌。

③ suggest sth. to sb. 使某人想起……。例如：

An idea suggests itself to me. 我想到一个主意。

[思维拓展] suggestion, advice, proposal均作“建议”讲，所接同位语从句和表语从句也要用虚拟语气。例如：

My suggestion is that we (should) go to the cinema together.

我建议我们一块儿去看电影。

My advice is that you (should) stay here for another week.

我建议你在这儿再待一个星期。

[典例]1）The parents suggested ___ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.（2006上海春招）(答案为C)

A. sleep

B. to sleep

C. sleeping

D. having slept Step 4 Consolidation

Read the passage again and find if any sentences they can’t understand.

Step 5 Homework

To finish the EXX.

The second Period Reading

Teaching goals

1. Target language

a. Key words and phrases

attend, control, severe, pub, immediately, handle, instructor, pump, contribute, conclude, steam engine, virus, put forward, make a conclusion, expose to

b. Key sentence patterns

To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that ... P3

2. Ability goals

Enable the students to talk about science and scientists.

3. Learning ability goals

Enable the students to learn about some famous scientists and their contributions and how to organize a scientific research.

Teaching important & difficult points

Talk about science and scientists.

Teaching methods

Task-based activities.

4. Teaching procedures

Step1 Lead-in

Ask the students to think of some great inventions and inventors in history.

T: Welcome back to school, everyone. I guess most of you have enjoyed your holiday. Maybe I should say everyone has enjoyed a scientific life. Why? Because you have enjoyed the results of the science and scientists. Now can you tell me the scientists who invented the lights, the gramophone and the computer?

S:…

Step 2 Warming up

First, ask some questions about great scientists. Second, ask all the students to try the quiz and find out who knows the most.

Step 3 Pre-reading

Get the students to discuss the questions on page 1 with their partners. Then ask the students to report their work. Encourage the students to express their different opinions. Then ask them some questions:

What disease was not cured at that time? Cholera.

What is the cause of cholera? What is to blame? Water is to blame.

Was it defeated finally? Yes.

Step 4 Reading

Let the students skim the whole passage and try to work out the meanings of the new words and structures using context.

Ask the students some questions.

Get the students to read the text more carefully and try to find the general idea of the passage and the scientific stages.

Then give the students some minutes to read the passage and finish Comprehending EXX 1 and EXX 2. (P3)

To consolidate the student’s understanding of the passage, ask the students to finish the blanks.

John Snow was a famous doctor in London and he was kind enough to help the ordinary people exposed to cholera that could not be cured at that time. There were two theories about the cause of cholera, one of which was to believe that people absorbed the disease into their bodies with their meals. John Snow suspected that the second one was correct, so he collected information to test the two theories. He carried out a series of researches and the results showed that the water was to blame. So he told the people in Broad Street to remove the handle form the pump at once. The disease soon slowed down. After that John Snow found two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman liked the water so much that she had it delivered to her house from Broad Street. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. John Snow suggested the water companies should be instructed not to supply people with po lluted water. Finally “ King Cholera” was defeated.

Step 5 Homework

To find the usage of the new words and expression in the passage.

To underline the sentence patterns in the passage

.The Third Period Language Study

Teaching goals

1. Target language

Key words and expressions

virus, contribute, conclude, make one’s way to, reserved seats

2. Ability goals

Learn the past participle used as attribute and predicative.

Teaching important & difficult points

Learn the past participle used as attribute and predicative.

Teaching methods

Grammar-Translation method.

Teaching procedures

Step1 Revision and Lead-in

Dictate some important words and expressions.

Step 2 Practice

Task 1: Enable the students to do the following exercises.

T: Please look at the blac kboard and put them into English using “make + n” and past participles.

Show the following on the blackboard:

约会，闲言碎语，道歉，竞争，选择，不速之客，感到沮丧的学生，受到鼓舞的竞赛者，拥挤的街道

Sample answers:

make an appointment, make gossip, make an apology, make a contest, make a choice, unexpected visitors, discouraged students, inspired contestant, crowded streets

Step 3 Grammar

Explain the usage of the past participles as predicative and attribute.

1. 过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go, come, assemble等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如：The man looked quite disappointed.

He is greatly discouraged by her refusal.

已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished, amazed, amused, astonished, broken, closed, completed, complicated, confused, crowded, devoted, disappointed, discouraged, drunk, excited, frightened, hurt, interested, lost, satisfied, surprised, worried等。

2. 过去分词作定语

a）用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。例如：

We like skating in the frozen lake in the winter.

=We like skating in the lake which has been frozen in the winter.

How many finished products have you got up to now?

=How many products that have been finished have you got up to now?

来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如：

a retired worker=a worker who has retired

fallen leaves=leaves that have fallen

the risen sun=the sun that has just risen

b) 用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：

Things seen are better than things heard.

=Things which are seen are better than things which are heard.

The lobster broiled over charcoal was delicious.

=The lobster which was broiled over charcoal was delicious.

Practice:

将下列句子译成英语。

1. 他看上去又累又沮丧.

2. 我们一得到补充资金,就继续我们的实验。

3. 我们可以看到被阳光照亮的月球的一部分.

4. 经过一个激动和无眠的夜晚之后，第二天我强迫自己在海滨走了很久.

5. 早在1649年,俄亥俄州就决定在每一个城镇建立免费的、由税收支持的学校。

6. 彼得对这一切似乎很惊奇。

Sample answers:

1. He looked tired and depressed.

2. We will go on with our experiment as soon as we get the added fund.

3. We can see the part of the moon lighted by sunlight.

4. After a night spent in excitement and sleepless-ness, I forced myself to take a long walk along the beach the next day.

5. As early as in 1649, Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town.

6. Peter was very amazed at all this.

Step 4 Homework

Prepare for the next period.

The Fourth Period Extensive Reading

Teaching goals 教学目标

1. Target language目标语言

a. Key words and expressions

movement, complete, backward, spin, enthusiastic, cautious, reject, topology, lead to, make sense

b. Key sentence patterns

Although he had tried to ignore them ... P7

The problem arose because ... P7

He also suggested that ... P7

2. Ability goals

Enable the students to talk about the stages in scientific research.

3. Learning ability goals

Enable the students to know about the general approach for doing a research. Teaching important & difficult points

Learn about the common stages in doing a research.

Teaching methods

Task-based learning approach.

Teaching procedures

Step 1 Revision

Review the past participle as attribute and predicative.

Step 2 Pre-reading

Ask the students to look at the pictures on pages 7 and predict what will be talked in the passage.

Do you know Nicolaus Copernicus?

Step 3 Reading

Encourage the students to get the general ideas of the passages.

T: In the last period, we have learned about how Doctor John Snow used seven stages to prove his conclusion and fulfilled his research. This period we will also deal with one scientific report. Please read the passage quickly and try to answer the questions.

1. What conclusion did Copernicus draw?

2. Why di dn’t he tell anyone about his theory?

3. What did Christian believe?

4. What did other scientists notice?

5. How long did Copernicus work on is theory?

6. What did he suggest?

Step 4 Language points

1.lead to 通向；导致

2. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

只有把太阳作为（太阳系）的中心，其他星球的运动才讲得通

【句型剖析】1）if 引导状语从句表“只有”。

2)only 放在句首用来加强语气。

3）以only引导的短语作状语或状语从句放在句首时，为了加强语气，

句子需要部分倒装。如：

Only by working hard can we succeed.

只有通过努力工作，我们才能取得成功

【归纳拓展】1）only 后如果后续的不是状语时句子不倒装，切忌！如：Only with him,she can do it well.她只有和他合作，才能把它做得好。

2）倒装分为全部倒装和部分倒装两种：全部倒装是指将句子中的谓语

动词全部置于主语之前；部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情

态动词放在主语之前。如：

Then came the chairman.（全部倒装）

Never have I seen such a performance.（部分倒装）

【即学即用】翻译

只有用这种方法才能改善你的发音。

____________________________________________________________

(答案：Only in this way can you improve your pronunciation.)

【高考链接】

1）Only when I left my parents for Italy __ how much I loved them. （2008重庆，26）(答案：D)

A. I realized

B. I had realized

C. had I realized

D. did I realize

2）.______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏，32）(答案：A)

A. only if; will you

B. Only if; you will

C. Unless; will you

D. Unless; you will

3.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going

round it and only the moon still going round the earth.

他把太阳固定在太阳系的中心位置上，而行星则围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转

【句型剖析】with the planets going round it是with + 宾语+ 宾语补足语的结构，在句中作状语。这一结构在句中常作定语或状语，作宾补的可以是介词短语、过去分词、形容词、副词或动词不定式等。

【归纳拓展】

（1）With + n./p ron. + 介词短语

He sat there with a smile on his face.

(2) With + n./pron. + 副词

With Mr Smith away, we’ve got more room.

(3) With + n./pron. + 不定式

With so much work to do, he could not go home.

(4) With + n./pron. + 现在分词

The street was quiet with no buses running.

(5) With + n./pron. + 过去分词

In came a man with his hands tied back.

(6) With + n./pron. + 形容词

He wrote a shirt, with the neck open, showing his bare chest.

注意：with的复合结构可以译为“随着……”，因此可以转换为以as引导的状语从句

【高考链接】

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