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英文名词解释

英文名词解释

1)crystal structure: The arrangement of the atoms in a material into a repeatable lattice.

2) basis (or motif): A group of atoms associated with a lattice.

3) packing fractor: The fraction of space in a unit cell occupied by atoms.

4) slip system: The combination of the slip plane and the slip direction.

5) critical size: The minimum size that must be formed by atoms clustering together in the liquid before the solid particle is stable and begins to grow.

6) homogeneous nucleation: Formation of a critically sized solid from the liquid by the clustering together of a large number of atoms at a high undercooling (without an external interface).

7) coherent precipitate: A precipitate whose crystal structure and atomic arrangement have a continuous relationship with matrix from which precipitate is formed.

8) precipitation hardening: A strengthening mechanism that relies on a sequence of solid state phase transformations in a dispersion of ultrafine precipitates of a 2nd phase. This is same as age hardening. It is a form of dispersion strengthening.

9) diffusion coefficient: A temperature-dependent coefficient related to the rate at which atom, ion, or other species diffusion. The DC depends on temperature, the composition and microstructure of the host material and also concentration of the diffusion species.

10) uphill diffusion: A diffusion process in which species move from regions of lower concentration to that of higher concentration.

11)polycrystalline material : A material comprised of many crystals.

12 binding energy ; the strength of the bond between two atoms .

13 interplanar spacing ; distance between two adjacent parallel planes with the same miller indices

14 lattice ; a collection of points that divide space into smaller equally sized segments.

15 lattice parameters ; the length of the sides of the unit cell and the angles between those sides. The lattice parameters describe the size and shape of the unit cell .

16.Unit cell ; a subdivision of the lattice that still retains the overall characteristics of the entire lattice.

17.Burgers vector ; the direction and the distance that a dislocation moves in each step ,also known as slip vector .

18.Points defects; imperfections ,such as vacancies ,that are located typically at one sites in the crystal.

19.Twin boundary ; a surface defect across which there is a mirror image misorientation of the crystal structure .twin boundaries can also move and cause deformation of material.

系解名词解释

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系解名词解释

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英文写作名词解释

What is a summary? A summary is a short piece of writing that gives the main facts or ideas of a story or article,etc. The qualities of a good summary? It should be objective,that is,the writer does not include any ideas of his/her own. It should be complete ,that is,the writer does not leave out important facts or ideas. It should be balanced,in other words,the writer gives equal attention to each main idea. The goal of a summary? It is to give readers an objective,complete,accurate and balanced view of something(an article,a story ,a novel,a play,etc) Paragraph unity A unified paragraph contains only sentences that explain or support the general statement made in the topic sentence.Any sentence that does not relate to (=is not connected in some way)the main idea will not develop it. How to achieve paragraph unity? Begin with a discussable point and express it in a topic sentence. Stick to this single point throughout,that is,all other sentence should be about this point. Prove or develop the point;don 't merely repeat it. Link your sentence to make your ideas easy to follow. How to outline (=to give the main facts about something) a story? Divide the story into smaller parts. Summarize each part in one sentence. Number your sentence summaries to make them an outline of the story. What is a narrative paragraph? A narrative paragraph is one that briefly describes an incident or a personal experience. Requirements that a good narrative paragraph should meet? Though its length is limited,it is complete,that is,it has a beginning,middle and end. It includes as little conversation as possible. Its sentences are connected by suitable linking words or expressions. Here are some common time linking words/expressions. Afterward later when shortly afterward soon while the next day/night then Paragraph coherence(Coherence is connection ) A coherent paragraph is one in which every sentence after the first is connected to the one before it,to the topic sentence ,or to both ,and readers can readily follow the writer 's train of thought(= a related series of thoughts) An incoherence paragraph is one in which the sentences are badly connected or not connected at all,and the readers are likely to lose their way. How to achieve paragraph coherence? Arrange sentence in a clear order. Use correct pronouns Use correct linking words and expressions. What is exposition?

半导体行业的英文单词和术语

半导体行业的英文单词和术语 A 安全地线safe ground wire 安全特性security feature 安装线hook-up wire 按半周进行的多周期控制multicycle controlled by half-cycle 按键电话机push-button telephone set 按需分配多地址demand assignment multiple access(DAMA) 按要求的电信业务demand telecommunication service 按组编码encode by group B 八木天线Yagi antenna 白噪声white Gaussian noise 白噪声发生器white noise generator 半波偶极子halfwave dipole 半导体存储器semiconductor memory 半导体集成电路semiconductor integrated circuit 半双工操作semi-duplex operation 半字节Nib 包络负反馈peak envelop negative feed-back 包络延时失真envelop delay distortion 薄膜thin film 薄膜混合集成电路thin film hybrid integrated circuit 保护比(射频)protection ratio (RF) 保护时段guard period 保密通信secure communication 报头header 报文分组packet 报文优先等级message priority 报讯alarm 备用工作方式spare mode 背景躁声background noise 倍频frequency multiplication 倍频程actave 倍频程滤波器octave filter 被呼地址修改通知called address modified notification 被呼用户优先priority for called subscriber 本地PLMN local PLMN 本地交换机local exchange 本地移动用户身份local mobile station identity ( LMSI) 本地震荡器local oscillator

曼昆宏观经济学名词解释-(中英文)

宏观经济学 第十五章MEASUREING A NATION’S INCOME一国收入的衡量 Microeconomics the study of how households and firms make decisions and how they interact in markets. 微观经济学:研究家庭和企业如何做出决策,以及他们如何在市场上相互交易。 Macroeconomics the study of economy-wide phenomena,including inflation,unemployment,and economic growth 宏观经济学:研究整体经济现象,包括通货膨胀、失业和经济增长。 GDP is the market value of final goods and services produced within a country in a given period of time. 国内生产总值GDP:给定时期的一个经济体内生产的所有最终产品和服务的市场价值 Consumption is spending by households on goods and services, with the exception of purchased of new housing. 消费:除了购买新住房,家庭用于物品与劳务的支出。 Investment is spending on capital equipment inventories, and structures, including household purchases of new housing. 投资:用于资本设备、存货和建筑物的支出,包括家庭用于购买新住房的支出。 Government purchases are spending on goods and services by local, state, and federal government. 政府支出:地方、州和联邦政府用于物品和与劳务的支出。 Net export is spending on domestically produced goods by foreigners (exports) minus spending on foreign goods by domestic residents (imports) 净出口:外国人对国内生产的物品的支出(出口)减国内居民对外国物品的支出(进口)。 Nominal GDP is the production of goods and services valued at current prices. 名义GDP:按现期价格评价的物品与劳务的生产。 Real GDP is the production of goods and services valued at constant prices. 实际GDP:按不变价格评价的物品和服务的生产。 GDP deflator is a measure of the price level calculated as the ratio of nominal GDP to real GDP times 100. GDP平减指数:用名义GDP与实际GDP的比率计算的物价水平衡量指标。

系解英文名词解释

1.Piphyseal cartilage(epiphysial line)骺软骨(骺线) 长骨的两端膨大称为骺。幼年时,骨干与骺之间的有透明软骨,成年后软骨骨化,骨干与骺融为一体,其间遗留的痕迹,叫骺线。 2.Pterion翼点 翼点是额、顶、颞、蝶四骨会合处,骨质薄弱,内面有脑膜中动脉前支通过。Paranasal sinuses鼻旁窦 又名副鼻窦,是上颌骨,额骨,筛骨,蝶骨内骨腔,位于鼻腔周围,并开口于鼻腔。共四对,均位于同名骨内。由于鼻旁窦粘膜与鼻腔粘膜相续,故鼻腔炎症可蔓延至鼻旁窦引起鼻窦炎。 3.Diploe 板障 颅盖骨表层为密质,分别称内板和外板。两板之间的松质称为板障,有板障静脉通过。 4.Vertebral foramen(vertebral canal) 椎孔(椎管) 椎体与椎弓围成椎孔,各椎骨的椎孔连成椎管,椎管内容纳脊髓及其被膜。5.Intervertebral foramina 椎间孔 相邻椎骨椎弓根的上下切迹围成椎间孔,有脊神经和血管通过。 6.Sternal angle 胸骨角 胸骨柄和体连接处微向前凸,称胸骨角,可在体表扪及,两侧平对第2肋,是计数肋的重要标志。向后平对第4胸椎体下缘。 7.Intervertebral disc 椎间盘 椎间盘是连结相邻两个椎体的纤维软骨盘。 8.Costal arch 肋弓 为第8~10肋软骨各与上位肋软骨相连形成;为重要的体表标志。 9.Scalene fissure 斜角肌间隙 为前、中斜角肌与第1肋围成的三角形的空隙;内有臂丛神经及锁骨下动脉通过。 10.Isthmus of fauces(oropharyngeal isthmus) 咽峡 腭垂、腭帆游离缘、两侧的腭舌弓,和舌根共同围成咽峡。是口腔和咽的分界处。 11.Calot triangle(cystohepatic triangle) 卡洛氏三角(胆囊三角) 胆囊管、肝总管及肝脏脏面三者构成的三角形区域称为胆囊三角,内有胆囊动脉通过,是胆囊手术中寻找胆囊动脉的标志。 12.Dentate line 齿状线 连接各肛柱下端与各肛瓣边缘的锯齿状环行线称齿状线。 13.Costodiaphragmatic recess 肋膈隐窝 肋胸膜和膈胸膜互相转折处形成较大的间隙。 14.Renal region 肾区 是指竖脊肌外侧缘与第12肋之间的区域,为肾门的体表投影处(相当于第1腰椎水平)。 15.Renal hilum 肾门 renal sinus肾窦 肾内侧缘中间凹陷称为肾门,是肾盂,肾动静脉,淋巴管,神经的出入处。出入肾门的结构合成肾蒂(从前向后静动盂,从上到下动静盂)。由肾门深入肾实质的凹陷称为肾窦。

半导体名词解释

ACTIVE AREA主动区(工作区) 主动晶体管(ACTIVE FRANSISTOR)被制造的区域即所谓的主动区(active area)在标准之MOS制造过程中ACTIVE AREA是由,一层氮化硅光罩及等接氮化硅蚀刻之后的局部特区氧化(LOCOS OXIDATION)所形成的,而由于利用到局部场氧化之步骤.所以Active AREA 会受到鸟嘴(BIRD’S BEAK)之影响而比原先之氮化硅光罩所定义的区域来得小以长0.6UM 之场区氧化而言大概会有O.5 UM之BIRD'S BEAK存在也就是说ACTIVE AREA比原在之氮化硅光罩定义之区域小O.5UM Acetone丙酮 1.丙碗是有机溶剂的一种,分子式为CH30HCH3 2.性质:无色,具剌激性薄荷臭味之液体 3.用途:在FAB内之用途,主要在于黄光室内正光阻之清洗、擦拭 4﹒毒性:对神经中枢具中度麻醉性,对皮肤粘膜具轻微毒性,长期接触会引起皮肤炎,吸入过量之丙酮蒸气会刺激鼻、眼结膜、咽喉粘膜、甚至引起头痛、念心、呕吐、目眩、意识不明等。 5﹒允许浓度:1000ppm ADI显影后检查 After Developing Inspection之缩写 目的:检查黄光室制程;光阻覆盖→对准→曝光弓显影。发现缺点后,如覆盖不良、显影不良‥‥等即予修改(Rework)﹒以维产品良率、品质。 方法:利用目检、显微镜为之。 AEI蚀刻后检查 1. AEI 即After Etching Inspection,在蚀刻制程光阻去除、前反光阻去除后,分别对产品实施主检或抽样检查。 2. AEI之目的有四: 2-1提高产品良率,避免不良品外流。 2-2达到品质的一致性和制程之重复性。 2-3显示制程能力之指针。 2-4防止异常扩大,节省成本 3. 通常AEI检查出来之不良品,非必要时很少做修改。因为重去氧化层或重长氧化层可能造成组件特性改变可靠性变差、缺点密度增加。生产成本增高,以及良率降低之缺点。Air Shower空气洗尘室 进入洁净室之前,须穿无尘衣,因在外面更衣室之故﹒无尘衣上沽着尘埃,故进洁净室之前﹒须经空气喷洗机将尘埃吹掉。 Alignment对准 目的:在IC的制造过程中,必须经过6至10次左右的对准、曝光来定义电路图案,对准就是要将层层图案精确地定义显像在芯片上面。

诊断学大体题目和名解英文

名解: 1.症状symptom 2.体征sign 3.发热fever 4.稽留热continued fever 5.弛张热remittent fever 6.间歇热intermittent fever 7.波状热undulant fever 8.回归热recurrent fever 9.不规则热irregular fever 10.水肿edema 11.咳嗽cough 12.咳痰expectoration 13.咯血hemoptysis 14.呕血hematemesis 15.放射痛或牵涉痛radiating pain P41 16.呼吸困难dyspnea 17.心源性呼吸困难或心源性哮喘cardiac asthma 18.Kussmaul 呼吸 19.Saegesser 征 20.腹泻diarrhea 21.黄疸jaundice 22.Gilbert综合征 23.Crigler-Najiar综合征 24.Rotor综合征 25.Dubin-Johnson综合征 26.夏科Charcot三联征 27.血尿haematuria 28.尿频frequent micturition 29.尿急urgent micturition 30.尿痛odynuria 31.尿路刺激征 32.神经源性膀胱 33.意识障碍disturbance of consciousness 34.嗜睡somnolence 35.意识模糊confusion 36.嗜睡stupor 37.昏迷coma 38.谵妄delirium 39.问诊inquiry 40.主诉chief complaint 41.现病史history of present illness 42.既往史past history 43.系统回顾review of systems 44.月经史menstrual history 45.体格检查physical examination 46.检体诊断physical diagnosis 47.视诊inspection 48.触诊palpation 49.叩诊percussion 50.叩诊音percussion sound 51.清音resonance 52.浊音dullness 53.实音flatness 54.鼓音tympany 55.过清音hyperresonance 56.听诊auscultation 57.嗅诊olfactory examination 58. 生命征vital sign 59.无力型asthenic 60.超力型sthenic type 61.正力型ortho-sthenic type 62.营养不良innutrition 63.营养过剩excess nutrient 64.精神障碍mental disorders 65.自知力insight 66.二尖瓣面容mitral facies 67.甲亢面容thyrotoxic facies 68.体位position 69.被动体位passive position 70.强迫体位compulsive position 71.端坐呼吸orthopnea 72.间歇性跛行intermittent claudication 73.发绀cyanosis 74.色素沉着pigmentation 75.斑疹maculae 76.玫瑰疹roseola 77.丘疹papules 78.斑丘疹maculopapule 79.荨麻疹urticaria 80.瘀点petechia 81.紫癜purpura 82.瘀斑ecchymosis 83.血肿hematoma 84.蜘蛛痣spider angioma 85.肝掌liver palms 86.溃疡ulcer

(完整版)英美文学名词解释最全版

01. Humanism(人文主义) 1>Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance. 2> it emphasizes the dignity of human beings and the importance of the present life. Humanists voiced their beliefs that man was the center of the universe and man did not only have the right to enjoy the beauty of the present life, but had the ability to perfect himself and to perform wonders. 02. Renaissance(文艺复兴) 1>The word “Renaissance”means “rebirth”, it meant the reintroduction into western Europe of the full cultural heritage of Greece and Rome. 2>the essence of the Renaissance is Humanism. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the 14th and 15th centuries persisted well down into the era of Humanism and reformation. 3> the real mainstream of the English Renaissance is the Elizabethan drama with William Shakespeare being the leading dramatist. 03. Metaphysical poetry(玄学派诗歌) 1>Metaphysical poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. 2>with a rebellious spirit, the Metaphysical poets tried to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. 3>the diction is simple as compared with that of the Elizabethan or the Neoclassical periods, and echoes the words and cadences of common speech.4>the imagery is drawn from actual life. 04. Classicism(古典主义) Classicism refers to a movement or tendency in art, literature, or music that reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Classicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reason, clarity, balance, and order. Classicism, with its concern for reason and universal themes, is traditionally opposed to Romanticism, which is concerned with emotions and personal themes. 05. Enlightenment(启蒙运动) 1>Enlightenment movement was a progressive philosophical and artistic movement which flourished in France and swept through western Europe in the 18th century. 2> the movement was a furtherance of the Renaissance from 14th century to the mid-17th century. 3>its purpose was to enlighten the whole world with the light of modern philosophical and artistic ideas. 4>it celebrated reason or rationality, equality and science. It advocated universal education. 5>famous among the great enlighteners in England were those great writers like Alexander pope. Jonathan Swift. etc. 06.Neoclassicism(新古典主义) 1>In the field of literature, the enlightenment movement brought about a revival of interest in the old classical works.

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