高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

定语从句

Step 1 Leading-in

用下划线标出下文中定语或定语从句。

He is a clever student. He is a student who is good at English. He lives in a small village. His grandfather lived there before. I know a girl who lives in the village too. Her name is Wang Fang. Wang Fang’s fathe r is a farmer. He is a hard-working farmer.

Step 2 语法讲解

1：有关定语从句的几个概念

1）功能：在复合句中，充当_______ ，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语

2）位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后：Those who are willing to attend the party sign here please. 3）先行词：被关系词所指代并且被定语从句所修饰或限制的对象。

*先行词可以不只是一个词，它还可以是一个短语、一个完整的句子。

4）关系词：重复替代先行词、起连接主句和从句的作用并且在定语从句中充当一定成分的连接词。

关系词的作用：

1、连接作用：引导从句，把它和主句连接起来；

2、替代作用：在从句中代替在它前面的先行词；

(思考：定语从句中还能不能再出现关系代词所替代的先行词呢？)

The film we saw it last night is very frightening.(改错)

I’ll give you a book which you’ll find it interesting.

3、成分作用：在从句中总是充当一个句子成分;

*关系词分为关系代词和关系副词

2：关系词的双重身份及其选用原则

1）代替先行词；

2

一．试一试：观察下列几组简单句，并试着写出定语从句。

The man will succeed. He has a positive attitude.

______________________________________________________________

Thinking is the key. The key opens the doors of the world.

______________________________________________________________

This is the person. I talked to the person just now.

______________________________________________________________

Lilly bought the book. The book’s cover is pink.

_______________________________________________________________

This is the school. My mother works in the school.

_______________________________________________________________

I still remember that day. You left for Beijing on that day.

_______________________________________________________________

Could you explain the reason? You were late for the reason.

__________________________________________________________________

I will never forget the time. I spent the time with my grandparents.

________________________________________________________________

3：熟记如下原则:

难点一：that与which的选择

A：关系词必用which 的定语从句

1）在非限制性定语从句（限制定从与非限制定从的异同）

2）在关系词前有介词时

The world that we live in is made up of matter.

B：当先行词指物时,宜用that

1）先行词被①形容词最高级②序数词③the only、the very、all、any、no、all 等修饰时。

2）先行词是all\much\little\none\few\one\something\anything等不定代词时。

The only thing that she could do was to go to the police for help.

I’ve read all the books that is written by Lu Xun.

As long as you stand up to the difficulties, there are none that cannot be overcome.

3）先行词中既有人又有物时。He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.

4）当主句中含疑问词which/who时。Which are the books that you bought for me?

5）先行词在主句中作表语，关系词在从句中作表语时。

The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago。

练一练：

1. The man and the horse __fell into the river were drowned(淹死).

A. which

B. who

C. that

D. of which

2. There is nothing in the world ______ can frighten him.

A. that

B. which

C. who

D. whom

3. They went to the first room ______ looked like a shop．

A. that

B. which

C. what D where

4. --Do you know everybody ____ came to the party?

--Almost, but I don’t know the one with _____ you talked.

A. who, who

B. which, which

C. that, whom

D. who, that

5. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, ____ is named after his grandfather.

A.which

B.where

C.what

D.that

6. The thought of going back home was ______kept him happy while he was working abroad．

A．that B．all that C．all what D．which

C: who与that都可指人时，情况多用that作关系词.

1）先行词是为anyone、those、someone、everyone、one等词时，关系词用_________。

2）当主句是who作疑问词时，关系词用________。

Who is that girl that is standing by the window?

注意：whom在从句中只作宾语，可被who和that取代。但是介词后面只能用whom.

1. She brought with her three friends, none of ________I had ever met before.

A. them

B. who

C. whom

D. these

2. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.

A. none of them

B. both of them

C. none of whom

D. neither of whom

难点二：whose的用法

D: whose作关系词既指人又指物，表示人或物的所有关系.在从句中作定语.

eg: Do you know Mr. Smith whose story is very moving?

Do you know Mr. Smith, the story of whom is very moving?

试一试：

1) There is a room, _______window faces the river.

2) There is a room, ____________ faces the river.

3) There is a room, and_________faces the river.

4) She has two brothers, ________wives are doctors.

5) She has two brothers, and _______wives are doctors.

练一练：

1. A child ______ parents are dead is called an orphan

A. which

B. his

C. whose

D. with

2. Her parents wouldn’t allow her to marry anyone _______ family was poor.

A. of whom

B. whom

C. of whose

D. whose

3. The newly built cafe, the walls of _______ are painted light green, is really a

peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.

A.that

B. it

C. what

D. which

4. A company _____profits from home markets are declining may seek opportunities

abroad.

A.whose

B.why

C. what

D. who

5. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without ____ help I would never have got this for.

A. who

B. whose

C. that

D. /

难点四：关系副词的用法

难点五：介词+关系代词

难点六：抽象地点名词和抽象时间名词作先行词

E: 关系副词when与where、why：

when 指时间= in / at / on / during which；

where指地点= in / at / from / which；

why指原因= for which

e.g: I’ll never forget the day when I met you.

I’ll never forget the day________ I met you.

This is the town where I spent my childhood.

This is the town________ I spent my childhood.

注意1：若定语从句不是缺状语，而是缺主语或宾语，要用________来引导。

e.g: I’ll never forget the time that/which I spent on campus.

This is the town that/which I told you about before.

I won’t listen to the reason that/which you have given us.

练一练：

1. I heard the reason___________ he gave .

2. I heard the reason ____________he was late .

3. Is this the factory __________ you visited yesterday？

4. Is this the factory ____________you worked before？

5. Do you still remember the place______ we visited last week?

6. Do you still remember the place_______ we visited the painting exhibition?

7. There was a time ______there were slaves in the USA.

8. It is the third time ______you have made the same mistake.

9. It was in the street _____I met John yesterday.

10. It was about 600 years ago____the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

11. The moment _____I saw you, I recognized you.

12. This is Mr. John for____son I brought a book yesterday.

13. This is Mr. John for_____I bought a book yesterday.

注意2：when /where的先行词可以是含有时间意义或地点的抽象名词，如：situation, point, case, position, stage, occassion, etc.

E.g: The media can often draw attention to situations where help is needed.

Can you think of a situation where we can use this word correctly?

You are saying everyone is equal and this is the point where I disagree.

试一试：

例1. She’ll never forget her stay there ___ she found her son who had gone missing two years before.

A. that

B. which

C. where

D. when

例2. After gradutation she reached a point in her career she heeded to decion what to do.

A that B.what C.which D.where

练一练：

1. We are trying to reach a point _____ both sides will sit down together and talk.

A where

B that

C when

D which

2. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation ___ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A where

B which

C while

D why

3. There is no dictionary ____ you can find everything.

A which

B that

C where

D for which

4.He wrote a letter ____ he explained what had happened in the accident.

A what

B which

C where

D how

5.It was in the village ______ he once lived ________ he got his junior education.

A that; where

B where; that

C which; where

D where; which

6.September 30 is the day _____ which you must pay your bill.

A by

B at

C on

D in

F：关系代词as,可引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。

1）as引导限制性定语从句

当先行词被such和the same修饰，或在句型as……as结构中，从句都用as 引导，as不能省略。

such/so…as,

the same…as,

as…as,

not so …as

1. Such teachers _____ as know Tom think him very bright.

2. I’ll buy the same dictionary ___ you have.

3. The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.

注意：

区别①such …that …引导的结果状语从句。

They are such lovely children that we love them much.

They are such lovely children as we love.

区别②the same …that …引导定语从句。

I want to use the same tool that you used just now.

I want to use the same tool that you used just now.

2）as引导非限制性定语从句

Mary treats me just like a baby, which I can’t bear.

As is known to all, China is a developing country.

试想想as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别? (含义，位置)

试做下列两题：

1._____is known to us all, China will be an ______country in 20 or 30 years’ time.

A.That; advancing

B. Which; advanced

C. As; advanced

D.It; advancing

2.He made another wonderful discovery, ______of great importance to science.

A which I think is

B which I think it is

C which I think it

D I think is

1.The weather turned out to be very good, _____was more than we could expect.

A what

B which

C that

D as

2._____, the Great Wall came into being in Qin Dynasty.

A It’s clear

B We all know

C As we know

D which we all know

3._____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth every month.

A.It

B. As

C. That

D. What

1.Can you tell me the way __________ he did the experiment.

2.Can you show me the way _____ is the most useful.

3.Can you show me the way ______he likes most.

4.He did it in the way ______ is different from us.

5.I don’t like___ you speak to her.

A. the way

B. the way in that

C. the way which

D. the way of which

6.What surprised me was not what she said but _____he said it.

A. the way

B. in the way that

C. in the way

D. the way which

7.I don’t like the way ____you laughed at her.

A that

B on which

C which

D as

难点九：含有插入语的定语从句

常见的插入语有：sb.+think; believe; suppose; know; feel; wonder; say; be afraid e.g. The debate was related on the Third Program which I have no idea everyone listened to.

They pointed out the damage which they supposed had been done by last night's storm.

例：He has made another wonderful discovery, ____of great use.

A. which I suppose are

B. that I suppose it is

C. I suppose which is

D. which I suppose is

难点十：定语从句中的主谓一致

Those who wants to go with me raise up your hands.

He is the only one of the students who has a good command of English.

He is one of the students who have a good command of English.

定语从句练习

1.Sorry, we don’t h ave the coat ________ you need.

A. what

B. who

C. whom

D. which

2.This is the dictionary ________ Mum gave me for my birthday.

A. which

B. what

C. whose

D. whom

3.Do you know the man ________ is sitting behind Nancy?

A. what

B. which

C. who

D. whom

4.The book ________ he bought yesterday is very interesting.

A. /

B. why

C. when

D. what

5.I have found some pictures of the most interesting places _____ you can visit

during the winter holidays.

A. where

B. which

C. what

D. that

6.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers,

________has a great effect on my life.

A. when; who

B. that; which

C. which; that

D. when; which

7.Is ________ some German friends visited last week?

A. this school

B. this the school

C. this school one

D. this school where

8.That is the only thing ________ I bought from the supermarket.

A. which

B. that

C. what

D. where

9.The place ________ interested me most was the Children’s Palace.

A. which

B. where

C. what

D. in which

10.The computer ________ last week has gone wrong.

A. which I bought it

B. I bought

C. what I bought

D. I bought it

11.That is the poor boy ________ father died in a traffic accident last year.

A. who

B. whom

C. whose

D. which

12.Is the woman ________ talked to our teacher yesterday your mother?

A. who

B. whom

C. which

D. what

13.I like to live in a house ________ is big and bright.

A. that

B. who

C. how

D. why

14.I hate people ________ talk much but do little.

A. whom

B. which

C. who

D. when

15. I hate it _____ people talk with their mouth full.

A. whom

B. which

C. who

D. when

16.I am one of the boys ________never late for school.

A. that is

B. who are

C. who am

D. who is

17.Mr Green, there is someone at the front desk ________ would like to speak with you.

A. he

B. who

C. which

D. whom

18.Here comes the girl ________ handwriting is the best in our class.

A. which

B. whose

C. that

D. who

19. At last, the man handed everything ____________ he had stolen to the police.

A. which

B. whom

C. whatever

D. that

20. Everything ___________ he said is true.

A. that

B. what . which who

高中英语复习专题：定语从句(含知识要点,典型例题和解析)

高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.

经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

高中英语 定语从句教学设计优质课

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高一英语定语从句教案 一、基本概念 1. 定语从句： 修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 2. 先行词： 被定语从句修饰的名词 3. 关系词： 引导定语从句的关联词成为关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as；关系副词有where, when, why。关系词常有3个作用：1）引导定语从句。2）代替先行词。3）在定语从句中担当一个成分。 二、关系代词和关系副词的意义及用法 指人：who, that,(指人常用who,不常用that) 主语 指物：which, that 指人：whom, who, that（who常用在在非正式和口语体中） 宾语(关系代词作宾语时常可省略) 关系代词指物：which, that 定语：whose （whose + n.=of which + n. ） 关系词 时间：when 关系副词----状语地点：where = 介词+ which 原因：why 解题技巧：关键看从句缺何种成分 三、例句练习讲解 1.Yesterday I helped an old man ＿lost his way.昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2.The man ＿you met just now is my friend. 你刚才见到的那个人是我的朋友。 3.This is the pen ＿he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的笔。 4.He has a friend ＿father is a doctor. 他有个父亲是医生的朋友。 注意：whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替，例： 门坏了的那间教室很快就会被修好。 The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired. The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired. 你喜欢那本封面是黄色的书吗？ Do you like the book whose cover is yellow? Do you like the book the cover of which is yellow? 5.I still remember the day ＿I first came to this school.我仍然记得第一次来到这学校 的那一天。 6.Shanghai is the city ＿I was born. 上海市我出生的地方。 7.Please tell me the reason ＿you missed the plane. 请告诉我你错过航班的原因。 注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+which”引导的从句替换 8.易错题：This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year. I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起而做错题。

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定语从句 一定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 注意：弄清楚关系词在定语从句中充当什么成分，是掌握定语从句、选择好关系词的关键。 二关系代词引导的定语从句 1. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2. whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略，在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 3.which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film (which) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4. that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door. 他就是住在隔壁的那个人。 Where is the man (that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 The season that/which comes after spring is summer. 春天之后的季节是夏季。 I don’t like stories that/which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。 The dress (that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well. 安买的衣服不太合身。 5. whose 指人、物皆可，与后面的名词有所属关系，在定语从句中做定语。