2013年12月四级模拟题

2013年12月大学英语四级新题型预测题

Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on the issue of sustainable development. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

1．A)He used to be in good health．

B) He was very handsome．

C)He was somewhat short．

D)He looked somewhat old．

2．A)At an airport．

B)At a beat dock．

C)At a weather station．

D)At a beach．

3．A)Telling her daughter not to worry．

B)Asking the teacher for special help．

C)Teaching her daughter by herself．

D)Having confidence in her daughter.

4．A)Take part in the game．

B)Go to Washington and Los Angeles．

C)Watch the basketball game．

D)Miss the game and visit friends．

5．A)She will get her money back from the shop．

B)She can exchange the T-shirt for a larger one．

C)She will have to talk to the manager about it．

D)She can complain to the Compensation Association.

6．A)She forgot to cancel the reservation．

B)They can go to the restaurant tonight．

C)She has to work late tonight．

D) They don’t have a reservation．

7．A)The mall agrees that the workload heavy．

B)The man won’t be able to go to the lab today．

C)The man thinks the woman is being unfair．

D)The man feels the assignment is reasonable．

8．A)Michael brought the tape to the party．

B)The tape had been returned to Jim．

C)The tape couldn’t be found anywhere．

D)Michael has lent his tape to Jim．

Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

9．A)Giving up smoking．

B) Birth control of the family．

C)Plan for seeing a doctor．

D)Arrangement for breaking engagement．

10．A)Smoking helps to lessen the pressure．

B)Smoking helps him fall asleep quickly．

C)He can get much happiness from smoking．

D)Smoking brings more chances to make friends．

11．A)See a doctor to get some help．

B)Read books about the harm of smoking．

C)Improve his self-controlling abilities．

D) Receive mental health treatment．

12．A)Smoking is the only bad habit the man should change．

B)She doesn’t love the man as deep as before．

C)She doesn’t want to have a baby if the man smokes．

D)Maybe she will leave the man if he continues to smoke．

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

13．A)It is a house full of cleverly—designed device．

B)It can help people live a much easier life．

c)It is the most comfortable house available．

D)It expresses the newest architectural style．

14．A)The door will open with just a touch of the finger.

B) The refrigerator can figure out how much milk to buy．

C) The robot can do all the housework very efficiently．

D)The house can put out a fire in a very short time．

15．A)It’s too wonderful to be true．

B)It’s too expensive for her．

C)She considers it nothing fancy．

D)She is considering buying one．

Section B

Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

Passage One

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.

16．A)The father alone makes the important decision．

B)The mother alone make8 the important decision．

C)Children old enough are allowed to take part．

D)Children should be seen but can’t air their view．17．A)Their parents don’t like to live with them．

B)They need more freedom and space．

C)They need to become independent．

D)They have to go to universities．

18．A)It suits the values of equality．

B)It can cause serious problems．

C)It does no good．

D)It goes too far．

19．A)They have not enough money．

B)They have to leave home．

C)They feel useless and lonely．

D)They haye no children or relatives．

Passage Two

Questions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.

20.A)Breaking big rocks into little ones

B)Feeding his family．

C)Building a cathedral．

D)Doing construction works．

21.A)Having a point．

B)Having flexibility．

C)Making sense．

D)Being interesting．

22.A)Most of the people want to do meaningful work．

B)A majority of workers are doing meaningful work．

C)Happy workers can always find a well—paid job．

D)Meaningful workers are happy and better workers．

Passage Three

Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.

23．A)One can improve listening by watching movies．

B)Everybody wants to improve listening nowadays．

C)There is a good way to memorize vocabularies．

D)One needs to work hard to improve English．

24．A)Watch the film two more times．

B)Memorize the scenes and stories．

C)Listen to the film instead of watching it．

D)Repeat what the characters say in the film．

25．A)Choose one’s favorite film．

B)Memorize all the dialogues．

C)Go to a movie theater．

D)Practice with a friend．

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 1 上作答。

The northern Italian city of Milan banned all traffic from its streets for 10 hours on Sunday in an attempt to reduce smog. The measure which was first 26__________ on a trial basis in the year 2007 is triggered whenever pollution exceeds the statutory limit for 12 consecutive days. Satellite 27__________ shows Milan to be one of the most polluted cities in European 28__________ 120,000 vehicles will be affected by the move, according to the major daily newspaper in the city. The most polluting vehicles have been banned from driving through the city center since Thursday. But on Sunday, there 29__________ be no traffic between 8:00 and 18:00. The ban is imposed when pollution exceeds 50 30__________ of particulates per cubic meter of air over 12 days. The last time the full ban was in force was in February. The move is not popular with all 31__________, who argue that the city’s public transport system should be improved to 32__________ their cars. Local Green Party councilor Enrico Fedrighini said cars with three or four people inside should be offered 33__________, for example. “One or two car-free Sundays each month will not do anything to 34__________ the smog crisis,”he told the daily newspaper in the city. Public transport was to be bolstered during the day, with an extra metro trains and buses 35__________.

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following

the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 1__________ about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re 2__________ with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the 3__________ to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. The n there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 4__________ ways of doing it.

The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be 5__________ by imports—pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.

Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 6__________ But strong pinions have not brought 7__________. Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 8__________ of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.

The 9__________ in food is still prosperous in the American consciou sness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat—and how we 10__________ it with friends, family, and strangers—that helped fine America as a community today.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

A. answer

B. result

C. share

D. guilty

E. constant

F. defined

G. vanish

H. adapted

I. creative J. belief K. suspicious L. certainty

M. obsessed N. identify O. ideals

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements

attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.

Past and Present of the Movie Industry

A)The beginnings of the movie industry can be traced back to the 1800’s, developing much later than other art forms, such as music and painting. The first motion picture exhibition, which opened in the early 1900’s, was called the “nickelodeon theater”. Admission was only 5 cents, and this attracted a large audience to watch movies as a source of entertainment. These early theaters laid the foundation for the movie industry’s expansion and growing popularity.

B)In the early stages of the movie industry, the majority of the United States’ movie houses were situated in small towns and city neighborhoods. As in any industry, there were major players that were not only responsible for exhibiting films, but were also leaders in producing and distributing them. Some of the key companies included Paramount, Warner Bros., R.K.0., Loews (MGM), and Fox (which later became Twentieth Century Fox). It is surprising to note that although these companies were considered the creme de la crème(精英) of the movie industry, they only dominated approximately 20% of the country’s movie theaters. This meant that numerous other smaller theaters had substantial market share in the movie industry as well. A few of the smaller independently owned theaters decided to consolidate during the 1930’s to gain more power in dealing with film distributors, but the idea of consolidating was not fully realized until the invention of the television.

C)Although only 14,000 homes owned a television during the 1940’s, it still had a negative impact on movie houses across the country. As more households bought television sets, ticket sales decreased substantially. In an effort to drum up revenue during the 1950’s, the Cinerama (which included a curved screen wrapped around the entire theater to “engulf” the audience) and 3-D movies were introduced. Over time, however, the increasing popularity of the television ultimately dominated. By the 1960’s, movie theaters had lost 60% of their average weekly attendance and more than h alf of the 20,000 theaters that began operations in the 1940’s were forced to close down. These losses became detrimental to the movie industry due to the inability to recover funds invested in the theater house and other sunk costs.

D) By the 1970’s the movie industry was profiting again. Instead of the television acting as a substitute form of entertainment, it was used as a national advertising

medium that promoted weekly movies and show times. Within the next few years, multi-screen operations in suburban shopping malls were built, indicating that these publicizing techniques were a great success.

E)In the following decades, many theater companies established themselves in the growing industry. One of the prominent companies on the East Coast is Loews Cineplex Entertainment Corporation. This corporation is the result from a merger between Sony Corporation’s Loews Theaters Exhibition Group and Cineplex Odeon Corporation.

F)Loews Theaters was the first commercial motion picture exhibitor in North America. Its operations began in 1904, when Marcus Loew established a “nickelodeon” in a rented room above a penny arcade (走廊) store in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1924, he merged Metro, a silent movie production company, with The Goldwyn Pictures Corporation and Louis B. Mayer Pictures to form, Metro Goldwyn Mayer (MGM). After the merger, Loews showed films produced by MGM until 1959, when an anti-trust ruling forced studios to give up control of theaters, constricting their focus to production of films. Following this merger, Loews changed owners twice before Sony Corporation acquired it in 1989.

G)The other counterpart in this merger is Cineplex Odeon, based in Toronto, Canada. The firm, founded in 1979, was an integrated entertainment company that became involved in exhibition and distribution of motion pictures. Besides distribution of motion pictures, it also owned other operations, including a major film processing laboratory and a post-production sound facility. Garth Drabinsky started Cineplex with an 18-screen theater in the basement of a Toronto shopping center. It performed well, but also incurred debt, which led to The Bronfman Group investing in the company. Cineplex then bought Canadian Odeon theaters in 1985, changing its name to Cineplex Odeon. Within the next few years, Cineplex Odeon encountered financial difficulties. By 1996, it sustained net losses totaling $317 million dollars of long-term debt, as reported by the Securities and Exchange Commission filings. In fact, Alien Karp (CEO of Cineplex Odeon) stated that the firm “was certainly a candidate for bankruptcy”. The distressed company was in dire need of financial assistance and managed to stay afloat through a merger with the financially stable Sony’s Loews Theater Exhibition Group.

H)The proposed merger was horizontal in nature and was expected to bring forth many benefits to Sony and Cineplex Odeon. Realizing that Cineplex Odeon had undervalued assets that were reflected in their low stock prices, Sony Corporation

agreed to alleviate Cineplex Odeon from the heavy debt, which was leftover from former management.

I)According to Lawrence Ruisi, who was appointed the CEO of Loews Cineplex Entertainment, the combination of the companies would produce an establishment with an easily manageable debt load, giving it “capacity for growth”. Furthermore, Loews Cineplex would be financially stronger than each of the separate companies. Sony was also expected to gain long-term advantages from the merger. At that time, it had only 1,000 screens in 135 theaters in the U.S., while Cineplex had 1,600 screens in the U.S. and Canada. Therefore, if the merger took place, Sony would increase its market share in key cities, including New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, Boston, Seattle and Houston. Together, the companies would create strong competition for Carmike Cinemas Inc., which was known as the “WalMart of the theater industry”, operating 500 theaters in small U.S. towns, and also acting as the primary competition for Loews Cineplex.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答

46.During the 1940s, movie ticket sales decreased due to the popularity of television

47.An anti-trust ruling made studios could no longer control theaters.

48.In the early stages of the movie industry, the key movie companies only had a small portion of market share.

49.Cineplex’s name was changed to Cineplex Odeon after it bought Canadian Odeon theaters in 1985.

50.Sony Corporation agreed to help Cineplex Odeon because it had already known that Cineplex Odeon had undervalued assets.

51.The admission of the nickelodeon theater was so low that many people could afford it.

52.Cineplex Odeon managed to overcome its financial difficulty through a merger with a financially stable company.

53.The invention of the television made the consolidation of some smaller independently owned theaters happen.

54.The merger between Sony’s Loews Theater Exhibition Group and Cineplex Odeon will enable Sony to increase its market share in key cities.

55.The introduction of the Cinerama and 3-D movies did not save the movie industry from the loss of attendance at last.

Section C

Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.

Passage One

Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.

We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming(把......按能力分班) pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade!

Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.

In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyse and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.

Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

56. In the passage the author’s attitude towards “mixed-ability teaching” is _______ .

A) critical B)questioning

C) approving D)objective

57. By “held back” (Line I) the author means ______.

A) made to remain in the same classes

B) forced to study in the lower classes

C) drawn to their studies

D) prevented from advancing

58. The author argues that a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the student’s _______ .

A) personal qualities and social skills

B) total personality

C) learning ability and communicative skills

D) intellectual ability

59. Which of the following is NOT MENTIONED in the third paragraph?

A) Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together with others.

B) Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning abilities.

C) Group work provides pupils with the opportunity to learn to be capable organizers.

D) Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities.

60. The author’s purpose in writing this passage is to _______ .

A) argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class

B) recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities

C) offer advice on the proper use of the library

D) emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching

Passage Two

Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.

Judging from recent surveys, most experts in sleep behavior agree that there is virtually an epidemic (流行病) of sleepiness in the nation. “I can’t think of a single study that hasn’t found Americans getting less sleep than they ought to,”says Dr. David. Even people who think they are sleeping enough would probably be better off

with more rest.

The beginning of our sleep-deficit (睡眠不足) crisis can be traced to the invention of the light bulb a century ago. From diary entries and other personal accounts from the 18th and 19thcenturies, sleep scientists have reached the conclusion that the average person used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night. “The best sleep habits once were forced on us, when we had nothing to do in the evening down on the farm, and it was dark.” By the 1950s and 1960s, that sleep schedule had been reduced dramatically, to between 7.5 and eight hours, and most people had to wake to an alarm clock. “People cheat on their sleep, and they don't even real ize they’re doing it,” says Dr. David. “They think they’re okay because they can get by on 6.5 hours, when they really need 7.5, eight or even more to feel ideally vigorous.”

Perhaps the most merciless robber of sleep, researchers say, is the complexity of the day. Whenever pressures from work, family, friends and community mount, many people consider sleep the least ex pensive item on his programme. “In our society, you’re considered dynamic if you say you only need 5.5 hours’ sleep. If you’ve got to get 8.5 hours, people think you lack drive and ambition.”

To determine the consequences of sleep deficit, researchers have put subjects through a set of psychological and performance tests requiring them, for instance, to add columns of numbers or recall a passage read to them only minutes earlier. “We’ve found that if you’re in sleep deficit, performance suffers,” says Dr. David. “Short-term memory is weakened, as are abilities to make decisions and to concentrate.”

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

61. People in the 18th and 19th centuries used to sleep about 9.5 hours a night because they had _______.

A) no drive and ambition B) no electric lighting

C) the best sleep habits D)nothing to do in the evening

62. According to Dr. David, Americans _______.

A) are ideally vigorous even under the pressure of life

B) often neglect the consequences of sleep deficit

C) do not know how to relax themselves properly

D) can get by on 6.5 hours of sleep

63. Many Americans believe that _______.

A) sleep is the first thing that can be sacrificed when one is busy

B) they need more sleep to cope with the complexities of everyday life

C) to sleep is something one can do at any time of the day

D) enough sleep promotes people's drive and ambition

64. Th e word “subjects” (L ine 1, Para. 4) refers to______.

A) the performance tests used in the study of sleep deficit

B) special branches of knowledge that are being studied

C) people whose behavior or reactions are being studied

D) the psychological consequences of sleep deficit

65. It can be concluded from the passage that one should sleep as many hours as is necessary to ______.

A) improve one’s memory dramatically

B) be considered dynamic by other people

C) maintain one’s daily schedule

D) feel energetic and perform adequately

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.

中国的传统节庆膳食是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节

(the Dragon Boat Festival) 是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子(zongzi)。中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节(The Mid-autumn Festival)的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国的农历新年(the Chinese lunar New Year's holiday)，除了常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统食物，如饺子和年糕。

注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

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2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题及答案(第三套)

2013年12月大学英语四级考试真题（第三套） Part I Writing （30 minutes）Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay based on the picture below. You should start your essay with a brief account of the increasing use of the mobile phone in people’s life and then explain the consequences of overusing it. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listenin g Compre hension （30 minutes ） Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A）, B）, C）and D）, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1. A）He has proved to be a better reader than the woman. B）He has difficulty understanding the book. C）He cannot get access to the assigned book. D）He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline. 2. A）She will drive the man to the supermarket. B）The man should buy a car of his own. C）The man needn’t go shopping every week. D）She can pick the man up at the grocery store. 3. A）Get more food and drinks. C）Tidy up the place. B）Ask his friend to come over. D）Hold a party. 4. A）The talks can be held any day except this Friday. B）He could change his schedule to meet John Smith. C）The first-round talks should start as soon as possible. D）The woman should contact John Smith first. 5. A）He understands the woman’s feelings. B）He has gone through a similar experience. C）The woman should have gone on the field trip.

2013年12月大学英语四级真题及答案解析

2013年12月份全国大学英语四级考试
试卷一：中餐
【真题原文】许多人喜欢中餐，在中国，烹饪不仅被视为一种技能，而且也被视为一 种艺术。精心准备的中餐既可口又好看，烹饪技艺和配料在中国各地差别很大。但好的烹 饪都有一个共同点，总是要考虑到颜色、味道、口感和营养(nutrition)。由于食物对健康至 关重要，好的厨师总是努力在谷物、肉类和蔬菜之间取得平衡，所以中餐既味美又健康。 【翻译答案】Most people like Chinese food. In China, cooking is considered as not only a skill but also an art. The well-prepared Chinese food is both delicious and good-looking. Although cooking methods and food ingredient vary wildly in different places of China, it is common for good cuisine to take color, flavor, taste and nutrition into account. Since food is crucial to health, a good chef is insistently trying to seek balance between cereal, meat and vegetable, and accordingly Chinese food is delicious as well as healthy.
试卷二：信息技术
【真题原文】信息技术(Information Technology)，正在飞速发展，中国公民也越来越 重视信息技术，有些学校甚至将信息技术作为必修课程，对这一现象大家持不同观点。一 部分人认为这是没有必要的，学生就应该学习传统的课程。另一部分人认为这是应该的， 中国就应该与时俱进。不管怎样，信息技术引起广大人民的重视是一件好事。 【翻译答案】As China citizens attaching great importance to the rapidly development of Information Technology, some college even set it as a compulsory course. Regarding to this phenomenon, people holding different views. Some people think it is not necessary, for students should learn the traditional curriculum. Another part of people think it is a need, because China should keep pace with the times. Anyway, it is a good thing that Information Technology aroused public concern.
试卷三：茶文化
【真题原文】"你要茶还是咖啡?"是用餐人常被问到的问题，许多西方人会选咖啡，而 中国人则会选茶， 相传， 中国的一位帝王于五千年前发现了茶， 并用来治病， 在明清(the qing dynasties)期间，茶馆遍布全国，饮茶在六世纪传到日本，但直到18世纪才传到欧美，如今， 茶是世界上最流行的饮料(beverage)之一，茶是中国的瑰宝。也是中国传统和文化的重要组 成部分。 【翻译答案】"Would you like tea or coffee?" That’s a question people often asked when having meal. Most westerners will choose coffee, while the Chinese would like to choose tea. According to legend, tea was discovered by a Chinese emperor five thousand years ago, and then was used to cure disease. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, tea houses were all over the country. Tea drinking spread to Japan in the 6th century, but it was not until the 18th century does it spread to Europe and America. Nowadays, tea is one of the most popular beverage in the world, and it is not only the treasure of China but also an important part of Chinese tradition and culture.
试卷四：中国结
1

2015年12月英语四级真题及答案1

2015年12月英语四级真题及答案1 Writing For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Never go out there to see what happens, go out there to makes something happen" You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of being creative rather than mere onlookers in life. You should write at least 120 words, no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension ( 30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1.A) They admire the courage of space explorers. B) They enjoyed the movie on space exploration.

2013年12月大学英语四级阅读理解冲刺试卷（二）

Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to old cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Some other researchers who study various aspects of mental life, maintain those rewards often destroy creativity byencouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters, especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks in grade-school children suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal Personality and Social Psychology. “If they know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity,”says Robert Esenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. “But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.” A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Esenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore falling grades. In earlier grades, the use of so-called token economics, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising effort and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims. 1. Psychologists are divided with regard to their attitudes toward ____. A) the choice between spiritual encouragement and monetary rewards B) the appropriate amount of external rewards C) the study of relationship between actions and D) the effects of external rewards on students' performance 2. What is the view held by many educators concerning external rewards for students? A) They approve of external rewards. B) They don't think external rewards. C) They have doubts about external rewards. D) They believe external rewards can motivate small children, but not college students. 3. According to the result of the study mentioned in the passage, what should educators do to stimulate motivation and creativity? A) Give rewards for performances which deserve them. B) Always promise rewards. C) Assign tasks which are not very challenging. D) Be more lenient to students when mistakes are made. 4. It can be inferred from the passage that major universities are trying to tighten their grading standards because they believe ____. A) rewarding poor performance may kill the creativity of students’ B) punishment is more effective than rewarding C) failing uninspired students helps improve their overall academic standards D) discouraging the students anticipation for easy rewards is matter of urgency 5．Which of the following facts about “token economics”is not correct? A) Students are assigned challenging tasks.

2015年12月英语四级考试真题及答案(卷一)

2015年12月英语四级考试真题及答案（卷一完整版）写作： Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the saying "Learning is a daily experience and a lifetime mission." You can cite examples to illustrate the importance of lifelong learning. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. 听力： Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Section A 1.They admire the courage of space explorers. They enjoyed the movie on space exploration. They were going to watch a wonderful movie. They like doing scientific exploration very much. 2.At a gift shop. At a graduation ceremony. In the office of a travel agency. In a school library. 3.He used to work in the art gallery. He does not have a good memory. He declined a job offer form the art gallery. He is not interested in any part-time jobs. 4.Susan has been invited to give a lecture tomorrow. He will go to the birthday party after the lecture.

大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习(最新)

大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型——匹配题 练习1 Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared [A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi，s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasn"t prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’ home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.” [B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, you’re never ready for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared. [C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the kids, because it’s hard to make those decisions for a parent,”says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian, says https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e6853521.html,. [D] It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents，preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H.

2013年12月英语四级听力文本及答案解析

Question 1 M: After high school, I’d like to go to college and major in business administration. W: But I’d rather spend my college days finding out how children learn. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? Question 2 W: Is everything ready for the conference? M: The only thing left to do is set up the microphones and speakers. They'll be here in a few minutes. Q: What preparations have yet to be made? Question 3 W: Is it almost time to go home now? I'm so tired. I can hardly see straight. M: Just a few more minutes, then we can go. Q: What is the woman’s problem? Question 4 W: I'm not sure what I’m in a mood for. Ice-cream or sandwiches? They are both really good here. M: The movie starts in an hour. And we still have to get there and park. So just make a decision. Q: What does the man mean? Question 5 W: Tom said he would come to repair our solar heater when he has time. M: He often says he is willing to help, but he never seems to have time. Q: What does the man imply about Tom? Question 6 W: So you know that Sam turns down the job offered by the travel agency.