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英语语法情态动词归纳总结

英语语法情态动词归纳总结
英语语法情态动词归纳总结

英语语法情态动词归纳总结

一、单项选择情态动词

1.Mr. Smith is almost on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the meeting?

A.can B.should C.may D.must

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词辨析。句意:史密斯先生几乎任何事情都是准时的。他怎么可能开会迟到了? A. can可能,可能性,表示可能性时,常用于否定句和疑问句中,且有时还带有“惊奇、不相信” 等感情色彩。B. should 应该; C. may也许,表示可能性时常用于肯定句中,不用于疑问句中。D.must常用于肯定句中表推测,“一定……”的意思;本题是强调句型的一个变式:强调其特殊疑问句how的形式。根据前句“斯密斯先生几乎是很准时”可推测出“怎么可能开会迟到呢?”。根据句意可知,用于疑问句中的“可能性”且有不相信的色彩,四个选项只有“can”符合题意。故选A

【点睛】

情态动词就是表示说话者对事情的一种看法,也就是一种语气。情态动词的用法一直是命题者常设置的考点和重点,平时要加强记忆。

2.Using AI, many companies are now conducting experiments that__________ possible just a few years ago.

A.would have been B.might have been

C.shouldn't have been D.couldn't have been

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词表推测。句意:很多公司现在使用人工智能进行试验,这在几年前是不可能的。根据“a few years ago”可知,此处表示“过去不可能”,应该用couldn’t have done,故D 项正确。

3.Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside?

A.May B.Should C.Shall D.Will

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查Shall的用法。句意:贝克先生,有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面

等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。

【点睛】

Shall的用法

Shall作为助动词,一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We,表示一个将来的动作,构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如:

(1)I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事,然后告诉你我的想法。

(2)We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法

1. Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。如:What shall we do this evening?

2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如:Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?

3. Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:You shall fail if you don't work harder. (警告)

He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺)

He shall be punished. (威胁)

4.—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him.

—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.

A.mustn’t B.needn’t

C.wouldn’t D.can’t

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:——我有重要的事情要告诉John,但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿,所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的一种猜测,此处是表达不可能……,用can’t have done。故选D。

5.Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.

A.should B.could

C.would D.might

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候,他就会出去买些东西,通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该;B. could能;C. would总是,愿意;D. might 可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事,故选C。

6.The accident which left 15 people on board dead ________ if both the angry female passenger and the bus driver had kept calm.

A.should have avoided B.should be avoided

C.could have avoided D.could have been avoided

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查“情态动词+完成式”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静,这起导致15人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。could have done“本来能做而没有做”,且句子主语The accident和谓语动词avoid之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。

【点睛】

情态动词+ have done结构:

1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句。如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.

2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱。如:He can't have finished the work so soon.

3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could。如:They may not have known it beforehand.

4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余。如:I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.

5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)

He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)

6.“would + have +过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如:

I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.

Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.

7.It has been announced that all the candidates ___________ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.

A.shall B.could

C.would D.ought

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词用法。句意:据宣布,所有的候选人都要坐在位置上,直到所有的试卷都被收齐。根据句意可知本句是考试规则,情态动词shall可以表示“按照规则/规定/法律要做的事情”,符合本句语境。故A项正确。

8.It wasn’t right to me that such near neighbors not know one another.

A.could B.would

C.should D.might

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:对我来说,很不正常,如此近的邻居居然不认识。A. could可能,能够;B. would将;C. should竟然;D. might可能,也许。should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为"竟会"、"居然",住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外,所以答案选C。

【点睛】

should的用法

1、should 作为情态动词,通常用来表示现在或将来的责任或义务,译作“应该”、“应当”,这时它可以和 ought to, be supposed to 互换使用.例如:You should (= ought to ) tell your mother about it at once.

2、should 作为情态动词,可以用在条件状语从句中,表示语气较强的假设,译作“万一”、“竟然”,这时也可将 should 置于从句之首,即将 should 放在主语前面,而省略从属连词 if。例如:If you should fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. (= Should you fail to come, ask Mrs Chen to work in your place. )

3、should 作为情态动词,可以表示谦逊、客气、委婉之意,译为“可……”、“倒……”。例如:I should say that it would be better to try it again.

4、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的.尤其在以 why, who, how 等开头的修辞疑问句或某些感叹句中常常译为“竟会”、“居然”。例如:How should I know it ? 我怎么会知道这件事?

5、should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示有较大可能实现的猜测、推论,通常译为“可能”、“总该……吧”,相当于 be expected to 。例如:They should be home by now, I think. 我想现在他们总该到家了吧。

6、should 作为情态动词,用在由 so that, for fear that, lest 引导的目的状语从句和 in case (that)引导的条件状语从句中,有“能够”、“可能”、“会”之意。例如:They got up early so that they should (= could/ might) catch the first bus in time.

7、should 作为情态动词,可以用于下列虚拟语气句中:

(1)用在表示与将来事实相反的条件状语从句中,构成“ If …… should (do sth)……, …… would/ could/ might (do sth.)…… ”句式。

(2) 用在 suggest (propose), arrange, plan, decide, advise, order, demand, request, desire, insist 等表示“建议”、“要求”、“命令”、“决定”、“安排”、“计划”、“主张”的动词后面接的宾语从句中。这里的 should 也可以省略。

本句中should 作为情态动词,可以用来表示意外、惊喜或者在说话人看来是不可思议的,常常译为"竟会"、"居然",住的这么近的邻居居然不认识。表示意外,所以答案选C。

9.—What’s wrong with you?

—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.

A.shouldn’t eat B.mustn’t eat

C.couldn’t have eaten D.shouldn’t have eaten

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意:——你怎么了?——我生病了,我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat不应该吃;B. mustn’t eat禁止吃;C. couldn’t have eaten不可能吃;D. shouldn’t have eat en本来不应该吃。根据just now可知,是发生在过去,故选D。

10.It has been announced that all the students ________ put on masks before going to school in case they are infected with SARS virus.

A.shall B.will C.need D.may

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

【详解】

考查情态动词。句意:所有学生们应在去学校之前带上口罩以防感染非典病毒,这已经被宣布。shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁,故选A 项。

11.—I saw your uncle take a taxi to the airport. Why didn’t you drive him there?

—I __________. But my car ___________ .

A.would; was fixed B.would have; was fixed

C.would have; was being fixed D.did; was being fixed

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查虚拟语气和动词时态。句意:---我看见你叔叔坐出租车去机场了。你为什么不开车送他去那里呢?---我本来想送他了。但是我的汽车当时正在修理。根据语境可知说话人表示本来想做但是没有做的事情,应该用would have done;而修理汽车是指当他叔叔去机场的时候,表示过去正在进行的动作,故答案选C。

12.My sister met him in the street yesterday afternoon, so he ______ your lecture. A.shouldn’t have attended B.couldn’t have attended

C.mustn’t have attended D.needn’t have attended

【答案】B

【解析】

初二英语语法总结

初二英语语法总结 1) leave的用法 1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如: When did you leave Shanghai? 你什么时候离开上海的? 2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如: Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London. 下周五,爱丽斯要去伦敦了。 3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如: Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing? 你为什么要离开上海去北京? 2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用 should作为情态动词用,常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等,有“竟会”的意思,例如:How should I know? 我怎么知道? Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚? should有时表示应当做或发生的事,例如: We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。 我们在使用时要注意以下几点: 1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如: You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如: You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服,你最好去看医生。 3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如: We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。 She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 3) What...? 与 Which...? 1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词,都可以指人或事物,但是what仅用来询问职业。如:What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的? 该句相当于: What does your father do?

情态动词大学英语语法精解

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情态动词表推测用法总结(整理稿)

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初中英语语法知识—情态动词的全集汇编及答案(3)

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