现在分词讲解
现在分词
现在分词（Present Participle）(又称-ing形式、现在进行式) ，是分词的一种，分词又分为现在分词和过去分词，它们都是非限定动词，即在句子里面不能单独充当谓语，但能充当其它的一些成分（定语，表语，补语和状语），并且它们具有动词的性质，所以又是类动词的一种。
一.构成形式
doing （特殊的略）现在分词表示主动的或进行的动作
二.时态与语态
一般式doing 一般被动式being done 完成式having done 完成被动式having been done
所有否定式都是在－ing前面加not 包括独立主格形式
三.可作成分
定语状语补语表语
1.作定语
单个分词作定语时放在所修饰名词前
分词短语作定语时放在后并且名词与现在分词之间存有逻辑上的主谓关系
e.g. a running boy the girl standing there
一个发展中的国家，沸水，
冉冉升起的太阳。
并且一般都可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句
e.g. a boy who is running
a girl who is standing there
2.作补语
只有两类动词可以加现在分词作宾补
1）感官动词：see hear watch feel notice observe keep find listen to look at
2）使役动词：have get catch leave set
值得注意的是：要想用现在分词来作宾补只能是用于这些词后但是并不代表这些动词后的宾补形式都要用现在分词（有些后面可以加不带to的不定式作宾补）
eg.I saw him singing now.
Don't have the students studying all day.
注意：宾语与作宾补的现在分词之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系即宾语是现在分词动作的发出者
3.作表语
现在分词作表语的情况只适用于上述的现在分词做定语部分中的注意3 有三级变化可被副词修饰
e.g.The story is interesting.
The match is exciting.
4.作状语
作时间条件原因让步状时要位于句首且与后面用逗号隔开能转换为一个相应的状语从句
作结果方式伴随状语时要位于句尾且与前面用逗号隔开有时也可以不用
注意分词作状语时的逻辑主语（即分词动作的发出者）一般要与句中主语保持一致．
1）作时间状语
eg.Walking in the street,I saw him.当我在街上走时，我看到他了．
Walking in the street,I saw him.翻译成”当我在街上走时，我看到他了．”而不可以翻译为”当他在街上走时，他看到我了．”（这个是因为”分词作状语时其逻辑主语一般要与句中主语保持一致”）
要是想翻译成”当他在街上走时，我看到他了．”
When/While he was walking in the street,I saw him.
在这里在告诉大家另外的一个方法
He walking in the street,I saw him.
这是分词的独立主格形式我们以下会介绍在这里不需太理解．
2）作条件状语
e.g. Working hard,you will succeed.
3）作原因状语
e.g. Being ill,she stayed at home.
注意being是常用来作原因状语的
4）作让步状语
e.g. Having failed many times,he didn't lost heart.
5）作结果状语
e.g. His friend died,leaving him a lot of money,
6）作方式状语
e.g. Please answer the question using another way.
7）作伴随状语
可以转化为一个并列句
e.g. He is standing there,singing.
5.作独立成分
generally speaking一般来说Judging from/by 由……判断出
6.现在分词的独立主格
独立主格，又叫独立结构。它没有主语和谓语，只有逻辑上的主语，因此，它在句法上不是句子，而是一个独立于句子成分之外的独特结构形式。
独立主格结构可置于句首、句尾，用逗号与主句隔开。
独立主格结构可分为两部分，一部分是名词或代词（主格），起着逻辑主语的作用；另一部分由形容词、副词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等构成，表示前面名词或代词的状态、状况或动作。
在句中作状语要注意它不是句子
e.g. Winter coming，it gets colder and colder．冬天来了天变的越来越冷了
Weather permitting, we'll go to the Great wall. 如果天气允许的话，我们就去长城。
注意这句话我们不难发现it在句中指代的是”天气”
注意当逻辑主语是人的身体部位时如果后面的动词是vt 我们就用过去分词如果是vi我们就用现在分词其实用过去分词时是因为身体部位作了它的宾语
e.g.The boy lay on the ground，his eyes closed and his hands trembling．这个男孩躺在地上眼睛闭着手在发抖．
1.Taking pictures___ very interesting.
A. is
B. are
C. to be
D. be
2.______ the bad news made him cry.
A. Hear
B. Heard
C. Hearing
D. Is hearing
3._____ a desert had always been a risk adventure.
A. being crossed
B. Having crossed
C. Crossing
D. To have crossed
4.Before he came , I’d finished _______ the whole book.
A. to read
B. to have read
C. reading
D. read
5. I always enjoy ____ to popular music at night.
A. to listen
B. listening
C. that I can listen
D. if I can listen
6.We are considering ________ a trip around the island.
A. take b. to take C. to be taking D. taking
7.I hope you don’t mind ____ at your newspaper.
A. I look
B. my looking
C. I looking
D. my to look
8.When a man’s heart stops ______ , he dies.
A. to beat
B. beating
C. beat
D. beaten
9.I can’t help _______ he is still alive.
A. thinking
B. think
C. to think
D. thought of
10.So far as I am concerned , I prefer reading ________ .
A. than meat
B. for joy
C. instead of sleeping D to drinking
11. It goes without _______ that knowledge is important.
A. talking
B. telling
C. saying
D. mentioning
12. we are looking forward ______ our friends next week.
A. to see
B. to seeing
C. to be seeing
D. shall see
1. I can’t stand ________ with Jane in the same office. S he just refuses________talking while she was working.
A. working; stopping
B. to work; stopping
C. working; to stop
D. to work; to stop
2. Don’t sit there________nothing. Come and help me with this table.
A. do
B. to do
C. doing
D. and doing
3. The wild flower looked like a soft orange blanket________the desert.
A. covering
B. covered
C. cover
D. to cover
4. Tom’s never willing to alter any of his opinions. It’s no use________with him.
A. to argue
B. arguing
C. argued
D. having argued
5. The storm left,________a lot of damage to this area.
A. caused
B. to have caused
C. to cause
D. having caused
6.________ , the more expensive the camera, the better its quality.
A. General speaking
B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking
D. Speaking generally
7. “You can’t catch me!” Jane shouted,________away.
A. run
B. running
C. to run
D. ran
8. I could’t do my homework with all that noise________ .
A. going on
B. goes on
C. went on
D. to go on
9. He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity.
A. to lose
B. losing
C. to be lost
D. being lost
10.________for many years, the two brothers can’t recognize each oth er.
A. Being separated
B. Having separated
C. Having been separated
D. To be separated
11. The manager,________it clear to us that he didn’t agree with us, left the meeting room.
A. who has made
B. having made
C. made
D. making
12. I really can’t understand________her like that.
A. you treat
B. you to treat
C. why treat
D. you treating
13. Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and
________ jokes.
A. turning up
B. putting up
C. making up
D. showing up
14. Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures________in your mind instead of before your eyes!
A. to form
B. form
C. forming
D. having formed
15. Don’t leave the water________while you brush your teeth.
A. run
B. running
C. being run
D. to run
16. According to a recent survey, children spend up to 25 hours a week ________ TV.
A. to watch
B. to watching
C. watching
D. watch
17. The man insisted________a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.
A. find
B. to find
C. on finding
D. in finding
18. Having been ill in bed for nearly a month, he had a hard time________the exam.
19. He looked around and caught a man________his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put
B. to be putting
C. to put
D. putting
20. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found________in the kitchen.
A. smoke
B. smoking
C. to smoke
D. smoked
区别动名词和现在分词五法
动名词和现在分词都是由v＋ing构成，在句中都能作表语和定语，而且都保留着动词的一些特征，有其完成式和被动态。那么v＋ing形式到底是现在分词还是动名词呢？下面有五种区别方法：
（1）如果v＋ing形式与被修饰名词逻辑上是主谓关系，就是现在分词，它相当于定语从句；如果逻辑上没有主谓关系，则是动名词，它可以用介词for加上这个动名词来代替，该介词短语应放在被修饰名词之后。例如：
1）a moving blackboard正在移动的黑板（moving：现在分词，a moving blackboard=a blackboard which is moving）
2）a walking tractor手扶拖拉机（walking：现在分词，a walking tractor=a tractor which is walking）
3）a swimming pool游泳池（swimming：动名词，a swimming pool=a pool for swimming）
4）a walking stick手杖（walking：动名词，a walking stick=a stick for walking）
（2）如果v＋ing形式是说明主语怎么样，表示的是主语的形状、特征的是现在分词，现在分词起着形容词和副词的作用，在句中作宾补和状语，一般用how提问，后不带宾语，但可用very，so，quite等词修饰，也可用more和most分别构成比较级和最高级。如果v＋ing形式是说明主语是什么，即主语的具体内容，强调主语的行为、功能和用途的则为动名词。动名词起着名词的作用，在句中作主语和宾语，一般用what提问，也可用状语来修饰，但不能用程度副词very，much等修饰。例如：
1）The news is very exciting．（exciting：现在分词）
2）Laying eggs is her full－time job．（laying：动名词）
3）This book is more interesting than that one．（interesting：现在分词）
（3）动名词作表语，和主语间可以划等号，甚至可以交换位置。如上述例句2）可改写成：Her full－time job is laying eggs．而现在分词充当表语，不能同主语划等号，因此不能同主语换位置。例句1）不能改写成：Exciting is the news．
（4）v＋ing前有冠词、物主代词、名词所有格或指示代词的是动名词；用来构成复合形容词的v＋ing形式和独立主格结构中所用的v＋ing形式的是现在分词。例如：
1）His coming was unexpected．（coming：动名词）
2）The Chinese are brave and hard－working．（working：现在分词）
3）It being hot，we went to swim．（being：现在分词）
（5）朗读时，如果v＋ing形式与它修饰的名词均有句子重音的为现在分词；如果v＋ing有句子重音，被它修饰的名词没有句子重音的则为动名词。试比较：
怎样区别作表语的现在分词和动名词
动名词和现在分词构成形式一样（都是在动词词尾加ing），且均可在句中作表语。究竟是现在分词还是动名词在句中作表语呢？下面介绍几种辨别的方法。
（1）倒置法。
将句中的主语和表语位置互换，谓语不动，若新组成的句子与原句意思相符，句中v＋ing 形式就是动名词。否则，就是现在分词。例如：
1）His job is teaching English．他的工作是教英语。
2）His job is interesting．他的工作有趣。
互换位置后成为：
1）Teaching English is his job．
“教英语是他的工作。”与例句1）意思相符。句子通顺。故例句1）中的teaching是动名词作表语。
2）Interesting is his job．（句子意思不成立，与原句意思更不相符。故例句2）中的interesting应为现在分词。）
（2）加入法。
在表语前加上副词very，so或more，most等。句子通顺、意思明确者，为现在分词。
My job is interesting．→My job is very interesting．（句子成立）故interesting 为现在分词。
My job is teaching English．→My job is very（so）teaching English．（句子不成立）故teaching是动名词作表语。
同理，我们还可以在表语后加个能作宾语的词，若句子成立应为动名词，否则，为现在分词。如：
My job is teaching English．→My job is teaching you English．句子成立，teaching为动名词。
My job is interesting．→My job is interesting you．（加you后的句子不成立，故句中的interesting为现在分词。）
（3）提问法。
能用how对表语提问的是现在分词，反之是动名词；能用what对表语提问的是动名词，反之，为现在分词。（如何用how和what 提问请参见“10．感叹句巧解五法”一文）如：
My job is interesting English．→How is your job？用how提问，句意通顺，故表语是现在分词。
My job is teaching English．→What is your job？用what对表语提问，句意通顺，故表语是动名词。
现在分词用法总结
现在分词 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ①It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ②It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。 eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有： A: start, begin, intend, attempt, continue等后接doing和to do无区别。 B: like, love, prefer, hate等后接doing和to do略有区别，后接doing侧重经常习惯性的行为，后接to do侧重具体的某一次行为。 eg: I like swimming in summer but today I like to see a film at home
现在分词讲解及训练
现在分词 Form: ?doing ?having done（先后关系） 现在分词表示主动含义或动作正在进行。 Exercise: 划出句中的现在分词，并指出它在句中做何成分。 1. The three contestants were sitting at their desks on the stage, waiting. 2. Hearing the news, he jumped with joy. 3. Having finished his homework, he went out. 4. People living in the cities used to regard farming as boring and backward. 5. The changes in Sunqiao is very amazing. 现在分词做定语： Exercise: Combine each pair of sentences 1. The men are required to come to the headmaster’s office. They had some overseas working experience. 2. The people take part in a variety of exercise They can keep healthy. 3. The research at Sunqiao produces seeds. The seeds help farmers grow better crops. 4. People used to regard farming as boring and backward. These people live in cities. 5.Do you know the boy? He is standing under the tree. 6. The spiders store the mice for later. The mice serve as a source of food. Exercise: compare The swimming pool is clean and big. The swimming boy is his brother. The big writing desk is very expensive. The writing student is Tom’s classmate. 现在分词作状语：时间，条件，伴随方式，原因，结果 Exercise: rewrite the sentences 1. Kitty heard the news. She jumped with joy. 2. Tom put on his swim-suit. He dived into the swimming pool. 3. While she was cooking, she burned her right hand. 4. After he had finished his homework, he went out to play football. 以上改写后的三个句子中的现在分词短语做______状语。 现在分词作状语：相当于状语从句，但从句和主句的____语必须一致. 时间状语： 1. Working in the factory, he learned a lot from the workers.(分词一般式） 2. Having read the letter, she got very excited（完成式） 3. ________hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. 4. = as soon as _________________________________________. 5. Be careful when crossing the street. 条件状语： 1.If you walk hard, you will succeed. 2. = _______________________________ 伴随方式状语 1. She came _______(run) towards me. 2. The children ran out of the room, __________(laugh) and _______(talk) merrily. 3. ____________(travel) by jeep, we visited a number of cities. 4. ____________(follow) the guide, they started to climb. 5. _____________(follow) by the students, the teacher entered the office. 原因状语 1. Because I was sick, I stayed at home.
(完整版)ing分词用法归纳
-ing分词用法归纳 1. -ing分词概述 -ing分词的基本形式是由动词加-ing 构成，与动词的现在分词形式一致。 -ing分词的主要变化形式有一般式和完成式；一般式和完成式中又分别有主动形式及被动形式。详见下表： 2. -ing分词的意义 (1) -ing分词所表示的动作常与谓语动词的动作同时发生。如： He used to stand there thinking. 他过去常站在那儿思考。 They held activities celebrating their culture. 他们举行活动来庆祝他们的文化。 (2) -ing分词若在suggest, insist等动词后或作结果状语时，表示的动作常发生在谓语动词的动作之后； He suggested us practicing English every day. 他建议我们每天练习英语。 He insists on going with us together. 他坚持要跟我们一起去。 Her mother went away alone, leaving her crying there. 她母亲一个人走了，让她一个人在那儿哭。 (3) -ing分词若在forget, regret, remember等动词后或作时间状语时，表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。如： Can you still remember living there? 你还能记得在那里的生活情况吗？ I don’t regret helping him, though he is unkind to us. 尽管他对我们不友好，我对帮助他还是不后悔。 (4) -ing分词若在介词before, after之后，动作的先后依介词before, after的意义而定。如： I often read some newspaper before getting to sleep. 我在入睡前常要看一看报纸。 (5) -ing分词表泛指意义的动作或状态时，没有时间意义。如： Keeping on doing morning exercises is a good habit. 坚持做早操是一种好的习惯。 (6) -ing分词的完成式表示所发生的动作在谓语动词的动作之前。如： Not having received her answer, he decided to write to her again. 由于没有收到她的回信，他决定再给她写封信。 (7) -ing分词的主动形式，表明逻辑主语所动作的发出者；过去分词表明逻辑主语是动作的承受者。如： Seeing from the top of the mountain, you will find the town very beautiful. 你从山顶上看，就会发现这座城市很美。 Seen from the top of the mountain, the town looks beautiful. 从山顶上看去，这座城市看起来很美。 (8) -ing分词的否定式是在-ing分词前面加否定词not。如： Not knowing what to do, he went to ask the teacher for help. 由于不知道该怎么做，他去请求老师的帮助。 Not having made it clear, he went to ask the teacher about it again. 由于他没有弄明白，他又去向老师询问这件事。 3. -ing分词的句法功能
初中英语现在分词用法总结
初中英语现在分词用法总结 一、基础知识： 现在分词（也叫动名词）：表示主动和进行。 基本形式：doing 否定式：not doing 被动式：being done 完成式：having done 二、具体用法： 1.动名词作主语和宾语： （1）把一个动词变成-ing形式可以当做名词来用，表示一种经常性、习惯性的动作，可在句中充当主语和宾语。 eg: Working with you is a pleasure. I like reading in my free time. （2）可以用it做形式主语或形式宾语放在前面，再用动名词做真正的主语或宾语放在后面，这种用法常用于以下句式： ① It is/was no use/good doing sth. 做某事是没用的/没有好处的。 eg: It’s no use begging for his mercy. It’s no good smoking too much. ② It is/was a waster of time doing sth. 做某事是浪费时间的。eg: It is a waste of time copying others’ homework. ③ It is/was worth doing sth. 做某事是值得的。 eg: It was worth making the effort. ④ There is/was no sense in doing sth. 做某事是没有道理的/
意义的。 eg: There is no sense in arguing with your wife. ⑤ There is/was no point (in) doing sth. 做某事是没用的/ 无意义的。 eg: There is no point in getting angry. ⑥ There is no shame in doing sth. 做某事是不丢脸的。 eg: There is no shame in saying sorry to your friends. ⑦ There is no telling…无法预言会… eg: There is no telling what will happen. ※注意：动名词作主语时，其前可用名词所有格和形容词性物主代词修饰，即one’s doing sth.作主语。 eg: Tom’s being late again made his teacher angry. My going to Beijing University is my parents’ biggest dream. （3）动名词作宾语分为两种情况：动名词后的宾语和介词后的宾语 ①有些动词后只能接动名词作宾语，常见的有： avoid, advise, allow, admit, appreciate, consider, deny, enjoy, keep, finish, suggest, dislike, delay, risk, escape, imagine, mind, miss, permit, practice, fancy, can’t help, be busy, give up, can’t stand, feel like等。 eg: You must avoid being hurt when crossing the road. ②有些动词后即可接动名词也可接不定式作宾语，常见的有：
(完整word版)英语8种时态讲解及练习
英语时态八种基本时态讲解及练习 一．概念：英语中表示不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需用不同的动词形式表示，这种不同的动词形式称为时态。 二．种类：（基本时态） 一般现在时一般过去时 现在进行时过去进行时 一般将来时过去将来时 现在完成时过去完成时 三．用法： 1）一般现在时表示经常发生或习惯性的动作或状态及客观现实和普遍真理。 一般现在时常以动词原形表示，但当主语是第三人称单数时，动词词尾加-s或-es。2）句型结构：主语＋Ｖ.（包括be动词）＋宾语＋… She is an engineer. He has breakfast at 6:00every day. 3）注意： a)一般现在时通常与always , often , usually , every day , sometimes , once a week等时间状 语连用。 I always watch TV at 8: 00 in the evening . They go home once a week . We usually do our homework at home . b)表客观现实或普遍真理。 The sun always rises in the east . The light travels faster than the sound . c)表永远性的动作或状态。 He lives in the country .
4）第三人称单数变化形式。 a)一般情况动词在词尾加-s . come---comes speak---speaks work---works live---lives b)以o, s, x, ch, sh结尾的单词在词后加-es. do---does go---goes finish---finishes brush---brushes fix---fixes pass---passes watch---watches c)以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的单词变y为i加-es. Study---studies carry-carries cry---cries d)以“元音字母＋y”结尾的单词直接加-s. play---plays stay---stays 例句：我们每天晚上九点做作业。 我在早上七点半起床。 他每天七点去上班。 我们经常下午打篮球。 他喜欢音乐。 地球围绕太阳转。 火车六点出发。 5）否定句和疑问句。 a)-----He is an engineer. -----He isn’t an engineer. -----Is he an engineer? -----Yes, he is ./ No, he isn’t. b)----We get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----We don’t get up at 7:30 in the morning . -----Do you get up at 7:30 in the morning ?
动词-ed分词的用法讲解
动词-ed分词的用法 一、基本概念 1.分词的定义 1.动词的-ed 分词即过去分词，是由动词的过去分词构成，一般只有一种形式。 2.过去分词的语法作用：过去分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个形容词或副词（相当于被动语），在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和补足语。 1）过去分词作表语，主要表示主语的心理感觉或所处的状态。如： Don't touch the glass because it is broken. 不要碰那个杯子，它是坏的（它是被打坏的）。He is quite pleased with the design of the dress. 她很喜欢那礼服的式样。 2）过去分词做定语：单个的过去分词作定语一般放在名词的前面，相当于一个定语从句。 如：The excited people rushed into the building. 激动的人们奔进了大楼。 （excited people 被激动了的人） We need more qualified teachers. 我们需要更多合格的教师。（被资质认证过的老师，或经过资质认证的老师。）过去分词短语作定语通常放在被修饰的词后面，相当于一个定语从句。如： Is there anything planned for tomorrow? 明天有什么活动吗? The suggestion made by the foreign expert was adopted by the manager. 外国专家提出来的建议被经理采纳了。 过去分词作定语也可用作非限制性定语，前后用逗号隔开。如： The books, written by Lu Xun, are popular with many Chinese people. 这些书是鲁迅写的，受到了许多中国人民的喜爱。 The meeting, attended by one thousand students, was a success. 这次会议获得很大的成功，共有一千个学生出席了。 3）过去分词做状语： -ed 分词和-ing 分词作状语一样，也可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。 ①表时间，相当于一个时间状语从句，有时过去分词前可加连词when 或while 来强调时 间概念。如： Seen from the top of the hill, the city looked like a big garden. 从山顶上看，这个城市
现在分词作状语详解
教学目标：讲解现在分词作状语及区分不定式、现在分词作状语的异同 重点难点： 1.现在分词和不定式作状语时，其逻辑主语一般应与句子的主语保持一致。 2.分词作状语时，要看它同句子主语之间的关系，以确定是现在分词还是过去分词。 3.注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确定分词的时态形式 4、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确定非谓语动词的语态形式. 5. 连词+分词形式（分词作状语的省略问题） 6.不定式作结果状语和现在分词作结果状语的区别。 7. 现在分词的独立主格结构和评价性状语 Step 1 lead in 朗读下面一首唐诗，找出其中的现在分词形式 Thinking in the Silent Night 静夜思 Before my bed there is bright moonlight 床前明月光 So that it seems that frost on the ground. 疑是地上霜 Lifting my head, I watch the bright moonlight. 举头望明月 Lowering my head, I dream tha t I’m home. 低头思故乡 Step2 现在分词作状语的意义 动词的现在分词作状语，修饰动词，相当于状语从句，在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随情况及独立成分等，作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随情况状语时常位于句末。 一. -ing分词短语作时间状语，代替一个时间状语从句(引导词有when ,while ) 温馨提示： 1．现在分词所表示的动作与主句的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由连词when, while引出。 2．现在分词所表示的动作一发生，主句的动作就立即发生时。如： When she saw those pictures，she remembered her childhood. =Seeing those pictures, she remembered her childhood. 看到那些画，她想起了自己的童年。 As soon as he heard the good news, he jumped with joy. =（0n）Hearing the good news, he jumped with joy. 他一听到这个好消息，就高兴地跳起来。 二．-ing分词短语作原因状语，相当于一个原因状语从句。(引导词有because ,as ,since) 如：As he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday =Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday. 由于生病，他昨天没有上学。 三．-ing分词也可作条件状语和让步状语，相当于一个条件状语从句。(引导词有if,unless,once) If you work hard, you will succeed. =Working hard, you will succeed. 如果你勤奋一点，你就会成功。 If you turn to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
现在分词用法讲解
一、现在分词：在句中可以做表语、定语、状语、宾语补足语。 二、现在分词的基本用法 1. 作表语：表主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing。 2. 作定语： (1). 表示主动的、进行的状态：The girl wearing blue skirt is my sister. = The girl who is wearing blue skirt is my sister. （比较：The factory being built now is a big one.） (2). 说明被修饰词的性质和特征：This is an interesting story. (3). 相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开：Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. (4). 与adv. / n. 构成复合词作定语：This is an English-speaking country. 3. 作状语：表示主动的、进行的状态，其逻辑主语是句中的主语。(如果不是，需在v.-ing 形式前加名词或代词作逻辑主语: Time permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.) (1). 原因状语：Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home. (2). 时间状语：Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking. 如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while：While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon. (3). 条件状语：Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class. (4). 让步状语：Weighing almost two hundred kilograms, the stone was moved by him alone. (5). 结果状语：He died, leaving nothing but debts. (6). 伴随状语：He sat by the desk, begging. 注意：The park was full of people, enjoying themselves in the sunshine. 由此可知伴随状语的特点：①主语所做的另一动作或②与谓语动作(状态)同时发生或③对谓语进行补充说明。(7). 方式状语：Following their teacher, the students entered the room quietly. 4. 作宾补：表示主动的、进行的状态，与宾语有逻辑上的“主表”或“主谓”关系：We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系) / I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系) 三、现在分词的两个基本特点 1. 在时间上表示动作正在进行：a developing country, boiling water, rising sun (比较: a developed country, boiled water, risen sun) 2. 在语态上表示主动：the ruling class 统治阶级，the exploiting class 剥削阶级(比较：the ruled class 被统治阶级，the exploited class 被剥削阶级) 四、独立主格结构（Absolute Phrase）由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或者代词，后一部分是不定式、现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语。前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。其本身不是句子，在句子中作状语，表时间、原因、条件、伴随、目的等。 A lecture to be given tomorrow, the professor has to stay up late into the night. （原因）Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow. （条件） He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head. （伴随） An air accident happened to the plane, nobody alive. （结果） The meeting over, they all went home. （时间） Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. （结果） The boy goes to the classroom, book in hand. （伴随） Another story to be completed, the writer stayed up almost every night. （目的）
现在分词的几种详细用法 (10)
现在分词的七种用法 （一）作定语 1. 动词现在分词单独作定语，通常放在所修饰词前。The sleeping boy is Tom. 2. 现在分词短语作定语放在所修饰词的后面，意思同定语从句差不多。例如： Tell the children playing outside not to make too much noise. = Tell the children who are playing outside not to make too much noise. 3. 现在分词可相当于非限制性定语，常用逗号分开。 Tom, wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. = Tom, who is wearing beautiful clothes, followed me down the hill. 4. 有时现在分词可以和副词或名词构成复合词作定语。This is an English-speaking country. （二）作表语 现在分词作表语多表示主语的特征。如amusing, discouraging, puzzling, refreshing, astonishing, exciting 等。The story is moving. （三）现分在句中作宾语补足语，这时现在分词和前面的宾语有逻辑上的“主表”关系或“主谓”关系。We all found his equipment interesting. (主表关系) I saw Mary going upstairs then. (主谓关系) （四）作状语现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语一般是句中的主语，如果不是，需在V-ing 形式前加名词或代词主格作逻辑主语。 1. 作原因状语，相当于原因状语从句。Being ill, Mary didn't come to school yesterday. 2. 作时间状语，相当于时间状语从句。Seeing their teacher coming, the students stopped talking. 如果现在分词表示的动作与谓语表示的动作同时发生，常在现在分词前加上when或while。 While waiting for the plane, I had a long talk with Simon. 3. 作条件状语。 V-ing 形式作条件状语时，相当于一个条件状语从句。Working harder, you'll be No. 1 in your class. 4. 作让步状语，相当于让步状语从句。Weighing almost two hundred jin, the stone was moved by him alone. 5. 作结果状语。He died, leaving nothing but debts. 6. 作伴随状语或方式状语。He sat by the roadside, begging. （五）现在分词的完成式表示它发生在主句谓语动词表示的动作之前。 Having finished his homework, he left the classroom. （六）现在分词的被动式 当句子的主语是动作的承受者时，用V-ing 形式的被动式The factory being built now is a big one. （七）现在分词的否定形式是由“not + 现在分词”构成。 Not having been invited to the party, she had to stay home. 过去分词的用法 一．1. 及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是被动关系,表示主语的状态,既表示被动,又表示完成. (1)_ The cup is broken. 茶杯破了. 2. 不及物动词的过去分词作表语,与句子主语是主动关系,表示主语的状态,只表示动作的完成. (2) He is retired. 他已退休. 3. 有些过去分词作表语时,构成的谓语很接近被动结构. (3)_The city is surrounded on three sides by mountains. 这座城市三面环山. 过去分词作表语 【注意】过分词作表语与被动语态的区别:过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作. (1) The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作) (2) The library is now closed. 图书馆关门了.(过去分词作表语)
分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析
分词作状语用法知识点详解和辨析 分词做状语，在我们的英语表达里有何用法与见解呢?以下是小编给大家带来分词作状语用法，以供参阅。 英语分词的形式非谓语动词主动形式被动形式意义 现在分词一般式doing being done与句中谓语动作几乎同时发生 完成式having donehaving been done先于句中谓语动作发生，强调时间先后 过去分词done-----------------与句中主语为逻辑上的被动，表完成 英语分词的意义在英语中，分词包括现在分词与过去分词两种形式，即-ing与-ed。一般情况下，从时态和语态两种角度来讲，现在分词表示主动、进行;而过去分词表示被动与完成。 对于分词的含义，我们从以下两组词语为例进行分析： 1)the sinking ship 正在下沉的船fallen leaves 落在地上的树叶\ the boiled water 凉白开水 1)从语态角度来看，现在分词表示主动含义，它与所修饰的名词构成主谓关系。the sinking ship 可以改写为the ship that is\ was sinking, 这里的ship相当于sink的逻辑主语。其次，从时态角度看，现在分词一般表示进行的动作，相当于一个进行时态;此外，它还可以表示一般的动作，相当于一个一般的时态。综上，现在分词的意
义有两种：主动进行的动作和主动一般的动作。 2)从语态角度来看，过去分词可以表示被动含义也可以表示主动含义，即动词不同则含义不同。及物动词的过去分词只有被动含义，如the boiled water=the water that was boiled \ the water that has been boiled. 而不及物动词没有被动只有主动，如the sunken ship= the ship that has sunken.但是不及物动词的过去分词出现频率较低，常见的过去分词多为及物动词的过去分词，表达被动含义。其次，从时态角度看，过去分词具有一般动作或完成动作的含义，相当于一般时态或完成时态。不及物动词只具有完成动作。 英语分词作状语的用法分词做状语时可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、方式、让步、伴随、比较。 四、分词作状语的原则：其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语保持一致。 常见分词作状语的情况举例： 表条件：Given more time, I would be able to complete the work. \ United we stand; divided we fall. (合则兴，分则亡) 表时间：Walking in the street,I saw him. 表原因：Getting hurt badly in the match, he has to stay at home. 表伴随：Watching the TV play, she burst out crying. 表让步：Having lived in China for years, he still cant speak Chinese well. 表结果：I went home, finding the door locked.
非谓语动词-现在分词的讲解
非谓语动词 非谓语动词包括不定式(to do)、动名词(－ing)、现在分词(－ing)与过去分词(－ed)。它们不受主语人称和数的限制，在句子中不能充当谓语，但可以充当句子的其他成分，并且有时态和语态的变化。 动词-ing形式的要点 1．-ing的形式 2.-ing形式的基本用法 (1)作主语：Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。 (2)作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. (3)作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。She likes drawing very much. ②作某些短语动词的宾语。 Mary is thinking of going back to New York. ③ do＋限定词(my, some, any, the等)＋v.-ing，表示“做…事”之如 do some cleaning打扫卫生do some shopping购物
④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics. ⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语： This book is well worth reading. 只接动词-ing形式而不接不定式作宾语的动词有： admit 承认appreciate 感激avoid 避免put off 推迟keep 保持consider 考虑delay/ postpone 耽搁dislike 嫌恶resist 抵制mention 提及enjoy 喜欢escape 避免excuse 原谅practice 练习mind介意fancy想不到feel like 意欲finish 完成risk 冒险include 包括forgive 原谅give up 放弃suggest 建议miss 逃过imagine 想象can’t help 情不自禁involve 需要can’t stand无法忍受understand 理解 常见的带介词to的短语： be used to 习惯be related to 与……有关get down to 着手做contribute to 贡献put one’s mind to全神贯注于give rise to 引起 be equal to 胜任devote oneself to 献身于lead to 导致be opposed to 反对 look forward to 盼望object to 反对stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意 (4)作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. (5)作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes.
高考英语【现在分词】专项训练附详解.doc
现在分词专项训练 1.The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket ________ the desert. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cove 2.The flowers________sweet in the botanical garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature. A. to smell B. smelling C. smelt D. to be smelt 3. Will those________the children from abroad come to the headmaster ’s office? A. teaching B. teach C. who teaches D. who teaching 4. There are hundreds of visitors________in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh ’s paintings. A. waited B. to wait C. waiting D. wait 5.________the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president ’s attending 6. —Why did you go back to the shop? —I left my friend ________ there. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. waits 7. Don ’t leave the water ________wlehiyou brush your teeth. A. run B. running C. being run D. to run 8. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found________in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked 9. I found the game ________, and my dad explained for the rules. A. excited B.to excite C. excite D. exciting 10. When________different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. A. compared B. being compared C. comparing D. having compared 11. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, ________advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken 12. Daddy didn ’t mind what we were doing, as long as we were together, ________fun. A. had B. have C. to have D. having 13. Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year, ________a record US $57.65 a barrel on April 4. A. have reached B. reaching C. to reach D. to be reaching 14. He glanced over at her, ________that though she was tiny, she seemed very well put together. A. noting B. noted C. to note D. having noted 15. Having been attacked by terrorists,______. A. doctors came to their rescue B. the tall building collapsed C. an emergency measure was taken D. warnings were given to tourists 16. Alice returned from the manager ’s office, ________me t h a w t t a h n e t e b d o s t o s s e e me at once. A. having told B. tells C. to tell D. telling 17. “We can’t go out in this weather, ”said Bob, ________out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked 1.答案是A 。a soft orange blanket 与cover 存在主谓关系，因此要用现在分词作谓语，它相当于定语从句which