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1000series维保手册

Perkins 1000 Series

Models AA to AH and YA to YD

USER’S HANDBOOK

4 and 6 cylinder diesel engines for agricultural and industrial use

Publication TPD 1329E Issue 3

The information is correct at the time of print.

Published in July 2000 by Technical Publications,

Perkins Engines Company Limited, Peterborough PE1 5NA, England

This publication is w ritten in

P erkins A pproved Clear English

Chapters

1General information

2Engine views

3Operation instructions

4Preventive maintenance

5Engine fluids

6Fault diagnosis

7Engine preservation

8Parts and service

9General data

The following pages contain a detailed table of contents

Contents

1 General Information

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 How to care for your engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Engine identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Perkins companies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 General safety precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 2 Engine views

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Location of engine parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 3 Operation instructions

How to start the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 How to stop the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Adjustment of the engine speed range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Running-in . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Turbocharged engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Altitude . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 4 Preventive maintenance

Preventive maintenance periods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 How to drain the cooling system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 How to check the specific gravity of the coolant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 How to check the drive belt(s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 How to clean the gauze strainer of the fuel lift pump . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Fuel pre-filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 How to renew the element(s) of the fuel filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 How to renew the element(s) of the separate element type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 How to renew the filter canister of the canister fuel filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 How to renew the canister of the quick release fuel filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 Atomiser fault . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

How to eliminate air from the fuel system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 How to renew the lubricating oil of the engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 How to renew the canister of the lubricating oil filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 How to clean the closed breather system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36 How to clean the integral closed breather system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 The open breather system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Air cleaner . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Air filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 Restriction indicator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 How to check the valve tip clearances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41

5 Engine fluids

Fuel specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43 Lubricating oil specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 Coolant specification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 6 Fault diagnosis

Problems and possible causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 List of possible causes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 7 Engine preservation

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51

8 Parts and service

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 Service literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53 Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 POWERPART recommended consumable products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 9 General data

Engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55

General Information1 Introduction

The Perkins 1000 Series industrial and agricultural engines are the latest developments from Perkins Engines Limited a world leader in the design and manufacture of high performance diesel engines. More than sixty years of diesel production experience, together with the latest technology, have been applied to the manufacture of your engine to give you reliable and economic power.

To ensure that you use the relevant information for your specific engine type, refer to "Engine identification" on page 7.

Rear and right side of the YB engine (A)14Induction manifold 15Alternator

16Lubricating oil filter 17Fuel lift pump 18Lubricating oil sump 19Starter motor

20Flywheel housing 21Flywheel 22Turbocharger 23Exhaust manifold 24Rear lift bracket

A0315

2423

212019

1716

Operation instructions

How to start the engine

Several factors affect engine start, for example:

l The power of the batteries

l The performance of the starter motor

l The viscosity of the lubricating oil

l The installation of a cold start system

Diesel engines need a cold starting aid if they are to

start in very cold conditions. Normally, your vehicle or

your machine will be fitted with the correct equipment

for your region of operation.

Perkins engines can be equipped with various cold

starting systems. For the 1000 Series engines these

systems are:

Fuelled starting aid

An electrically operated device which ignites a

specific amount of diesel fuel in the induction manifold

in order to heat the induction air.

Port heaters

These electrical devices are fitted in the induction

manifold and heat the induction air. They are

operated automatically when the starter motor is

engaged. When these devices are fitted, the start

procedure for a cold engine is the same as that given

for a cold engine start without starting aids.

Start Pilot

A hand pump is used to inject a cold start fluid into the

induction manifold through an atomiser. The cold start

fluid ignites at a lower temperature than diesel fuel.

The cold start fluid is contained in a separate

reservoir. Certain models use a push button to

actuate a solenoid which releases the cold start fluid

from an aerosol container.

KBi

This system uses an aerosol container filled with a

cold start fluid. The fluid is released by a solenoid,

which is operated by a push button. The cold start

fluid is sprayed into the induction manifold through a

nozzle. The cold start fluid ignites at a lower

temperature than diesel fuel.

Caution:If the engine is to be run after a period in

storage, see "Caution" on page 52.

How to start a warm engine

1 If the engine is equipped with a manual stop control, ensure that it is in the "run" position.

2 Adjust the engine speed control to the quarter open position.

3 Turn the start key to the "HS" or "S" position (A) or (B) to engage the starter motor.

4 Allow the start key to return to the "R" position, as soon as the engine starts.

Always ensure that the engine and starter motor are stationary before the starter motor is engaged again.How to start a cold engine without starting aids 1 If the engine is equipped with a manual stop control, ensure that it is in the "run" position.2 Adjust the engine speed control to the maximum speed position.

3 Turn the start key to the "S" position (B) to engage the starter motor. Allow the key to return to the "R" position, when the engine starts. Then adjust the engine speed control to get an even idle speed.

4 If the engine does not start in 30 seconds, allow the start key to the "R" position for another 30 seconds. Then engage the starter motor again for a maximum period of 30 seconds.

How to start a cold engine with the fuelled starting aid

Caution:Ether type fuels must not be used at the same time as a fuelled starting aid.

1 If the engine is equipped with a manual stop control, ensure that it is in the "run" position.

2 Turn the start key to the "H" position (A) and keep it there for 15 seconds.

3 Adjust the engine speed control to the maximum speed position.

4 Turn the start key to the "HS" position in order to engage the starter motor. Allow the start key to return to the "R" position, when the engine starts. Then adjust the engine speed control to give an even idle speed.

5 If the engine does not start in 15 seconds, turn the start key to the "H" position and hold it there for 10 seconds. Then engage the starter motor again.

How to start a cold engine with manually operated Start Pilot

Caution:Start Pilot equipment must not be used with heater type starting aids such as the fuelled starting aid.

Do not use the hand pump until the starter motor is engaged. The amount of fluid which is necessary for an engine start will be found by experience.

1 If necessary, fill the reservoir with fluid. Lift the cover of the reservoir and press the can, head down, onto the filler plug. Hold it squarely until the fluid fills the bowl to the maximum mark.

2 If the engine is equipped with a manual stop control, ensure that it is in the "run" position.

3 Adjust the engine speed control to the maximum speed position.

4 Turn the start key to the "S" position (page 14/B) in order to engage the starter motor. Hold the start key in this position for a maximum of 30 seconds and operate the hand pump during this period. When the engine starts, release the start key to the "R" position and adjust the engine speed control to get an even idle speed.

5 If the engine does not start in 30 seconds, allow the start key to return to the "R" position for another 30 seconds. Then engage the starter motor and operate the hand pump again.

In certain conditions, it is necessary to inject a little more fluid after the engine has started in order to ensure that the engine continues to run.

The air filter at the outer end of the pump must be inspected from time to time. If necessary, it must be washed in kerosene.

The inside surface of the cylinder can be lightly lubricated with a thin lubricating oil.

The nozzle can be removed from the induction

manifold and washed in kerosene, if necessary. Use the direction mark on the nozzle body to ensure that the nozzle is fitted in its original position.

How to start a cold engine with KBi or electrically operated Start Pilot

Caution:KBi equipment must not be used with heater type cold starting aids such as the fuelled starting aid.

1 If necessary, renew the screw type canister. Ensure that the sealing washer remains in position when the new canister is fitted. Each container has a safety valve.

2 If the engine is equipped with a manual stop control, ensure that it is in the "run" position.

3 Adjust the engine speed control to the maximum speed position.

4 Turn the start key to the "S" position (page 14/B) in order to engage the starter motor.

5 When the engine turns, press the starting aid button for a maximum period of 2 seconds. If the engine does not start after the first 2 second application, keep the starter motor engaged. After 5 seconds, press the button again for 2 seconds.

6 Allow the start switch to return to the "R" position, when the engine starts. Then adjust the engine speed control to get an even idle speed. In certain conditions it is necessary to inject a little more fluid after the engine has started, in order to ensure that the engine continues to run.

How to stop the engine

Caution:It is recommended that a turbocharged engine is run at approximately 1000 rev/min at a reduced load for 2-3 minutes before it is shut down. This will allow the turbocharger to cool.

According to the equipment fitted, either turn the engine start key to the "O" position (page 14/A or B) or operate the manual stop control. If a manual stop control is used, ensure that the control returns to the "run" position after the engine has stopped. Also ensure that the engine start key is turned to the "O" position.

Adjustment of the engine speed range

The idle or the maximum speed settings must not be changed by the engine operator, because this can damage the engine or transmission. The warranty of the engine can be affected if the seals on the fuel injection pump are broken during the warranty period by a person who is not approved by Perkins.

Running-in

Cautions :

l Do not operate the engine at high speeds without

a load.

Do not overload the engine.

A gradual running-in of a new engine or POWER EXCHANGE engine is not necessary. Prolonged operation at light loads during the early life of the engine can cause lubricating oil to enter the exhaust system. Maximum load can be applied to a new engine as soon as the engne is put into service and the coolant temperature has reached a minimum of 60 °C (140 °F).

The engine will benefit if the load is applied as soon as possible after the engine is put into service.

Turbocharged engines

Because of the power characteristics of the

turbocharged engines it is necessary to maintain a high engine speed when you climb a gradient. To ensure that the engine is not overloaded at low engine speeds engage a lower gear.

Altitude

If the naturally aspirated engine is to run at an altitude above 600 m (2,000 ft), the fuel delivery can be changed to reduce fuel consumption and smoke. Perkins can give the percentage of fuel reduction necessary if details of engine application and ambient conditions are given. Changes to the settings of the fuel injection pump must be made by a Perkins distributor or by an approved distributor for the fuel injection pump.

Preventive maintenance

Preventive maintenance periods

These preventive maintenance periods apply to average conditions of operation. Check the periods given by the manufacturer of the equipment in which the engine is installed. Use the periods which are shortest. When the operation of the engine must conform to the local regulations these periods and procedures may need to be adapted to ensure correct operation of the engine.

It is good preventive maintenance to check for leakage and loose fasteners at each service.

These maintenance periods apply only to engines that are operated with fuel and lubricating oil which conform to the specifications given in this handbook.

4 18

Schedules

The schedules which follow must be applied at the interval (hours or months) which occur first.

(1) If one is fitted.

(2) Renew the antifreeze every 2 years. If a coolant inhibitor is used instead of antifreeze, it should be renewed every 6 months.

(3) By a person who has had the correct training.

(4) The lubricating oil and the filter canister(s) must be renewed every 250 hours or 12 months for applications where the engine normally runs at full load for periods of more than 20 minutes, for example: Generating sets or water pumps.

(5) The oil change interval will change with the amount of sulphur in the fuel (see the table in fuel specification on page 43). The interval to change the canister of the lubricating oil filter is not affected.

A First service at 20/40 hours

B Every day or every 8 hours

C Every 200 hours or 6 months

D Every 400 hours or 12 months

E Every 2000 hours A B C D E

Operation l l

Check the amount of coolant l

Check the concentration of the coolant (2)l l

Check the tension and the condition of the drive belt l

Clean the sediment chamber and the strainer of the fuel lift pump l

Check for water in the pre-filter (1), (or earlier if your fuel supply is contaminated)l

Renew the elements of the fuel filter(s)l

Ensure that the atomisers are checked (3)l

Ensure that the idle speed is checked and adjusted, if it is necessary (3)l Check Stanadyne fuel injection pump for governor operation (3)

l Check the amount of lubricating oil in the sump

l l Check the lubricating oil pressure at the gauge (1)

l l

Renew the engine lubricating oil (4) (5)l l

Renew the canisters(s) of the lubricating oil filter (4)l l Renew the canister of the lubricating oil filter (six cylinder naturally aspirated engines

with a single filter canister)

419

Schedules

The schedules which follow must be applied at the interval (hours or months) which occur first.(1) If one is fitted.

(2) By a person who has had the correct training.

(3) The closed breather assemblies must be cleaned, see page 36 and page 37. The oil separator of the open breather assembly should not be cleaned, but must be renewed at every overhaul of the engine or 8000 hours, see page 38. Refer to your local distributor.

A First service at 20/40 hours

B Every day or every 8 hours

C Every 200 hours or 6 months

D Every 400 hours or 12 months

E Every 2000 hours A B C D E

Operation l Clean the engine breather system (3)

Clean the air cleaner or empty the dust bowl of the air filter

l l

- extremely dusty conditions l

- normal conditions l

Clean or renew the air filter element, if it has not been indicated earlier l Ensure that the turbocharger impeller and turbocharger compressor casing are

cleaned (2)

l Clean the compressor air filter (1)

l Ensure that the exhauster or compressor (1) is checked (2)

l l Ensure that the valve tip clearances of the engine are checked and, if necessary,

adjusted (2)

l l

Ensure that the valve tip clearances of the engine are checked and, if necessary,

adjusted (high rated engines) (2) l Ensure that the alternator and the starter motor are checked (2)

4 20How to drain the cooling system

Warnings!

l Discard the used coolant in a safe place and in accordance with local regulations.

l Do not drain the coolant while the engine is still hot and the system is under pressure because

dangerous hot coolant can be discharged.1 Ensure that the machine is on level ground.2 Remove the filler cap of the coolant system.

3 Remove the brass drain plug from the side of the cylinder block (A) in order to drain the coolant. Ensure that the drain hole is not restricted.

4 Open the tap or remove the drain plug at the bottom of the radiator in order to drain the radiator. If the radiator does not have a tap or drain plug, disconnect the hose at the bottom of the radiator. If a lubricating oil cooler/filter assembly (B) is fitted, this must also be drained and flushed. To do this disconnect the hoses (B1 and B2) at the to p of the cooler and flush the oil cooler through the outlet connection (B1) until clean water runs from the inlet (B2).

5 Flush the coolant system with clean water.

Caution:If the coolant system is to remain empty temporarily after it is flushed, drain the oil cooler and fill it with 165 ml (1/3 pint) of antifreeze. This will protect the oil cooler against frost if any clean water drains down from the water jacket when the machine is moved.

6 Fit the hoses to the top of the cooler and tighten the clips.

7 Fit the drain plugs and the filler cap. Close the radiator tap or connect the radiator hose.B L0006

12A L00051

How to check the specific gravity of the

coolant

Warning!Do not drain the coolant while the engine

is still hot and the system is under pressure because

dangerous hot coolant can be discharged.

For mixtures which contain inhibited ethylene glycol:

1 Ensure that the machine is on level ground.

2 Operate the engine until it is warm enough to open

the thermostat. Continue to run the engine until the

coolant has circulated the cooling system.

3 Stop the engine.

4 Allow the engine to cool until the temperature of the

coolant is below 60 °C (140 °F).

5 Remove the filler cap of the cooling system.

6 Drain some coolant from the cooling system into a suitable container.

7 Use a special coolant hydrometer that will check the temperature and the specific gravity of the coolant, follow the manufacturer's instructions. Note:If a special coolant hydrometer is not available, put a hydrometer and a separate thermometer into the antifreeze mixture and check the readings on both instruments. Compare the readings with the chart (A).

8 Adjust the strength of the mixture as necessary. Note:If it is necessary to fill or replenish the coolant system in service, mix the coolant to the correct strength before it is added to the coolant system. Perkins POWERPART antifreeze with a concentration of 50% will give protection against frost to a temperature of -35 o C (-31 o F). It will also give protection against corrosion. This is especially important when there are aluminium components in the coolant system.

Specific gravity chart

A = Percentage antifreeze by volume

B = Mixture temperature in Fahrenheit

C = Specific gravity

D = Mixture temperature in Celsius

How to check the drive belt(s)

Renew a belt if it is worn or damaged. If twin belts are fitted, they must be renewed together.

To ensure maximum belt life, it is recommended that a belt tensioner gauge is used to check the belt tension. Fit the gauge (A1) at the centre of the longest free length and check the tension. If a "Burroughs" gauge is used, the correct tension is 355 N (80 lbf) 36 kgf. If the tension is 220 N (50 lbf) 22 kgf or below, adjust it to 355 N (80 lbf) 36 kgf as indicated below: If a gauge is not available, press down the belt with the thumb at the centre of the longest free length and check the deflection (B). With moderate thumb pressure - 45N (10 lbf) 4,5 kgf - the correct deflection of the belt is 10 mm (3/8 in).

If twin belts are fitted, check/adjust the tension on the tighter belt.

How to adjust the belt tension

1 Loosen the pivot fasteners (B1) of the alternator and the adjustment link fasteners (B2).

2 Change the position of the alternator to give the correct tension. Tighten the pivot fasteners of the alternator and the adjustment link fasteners.

3 Check the belt tension again to ensure that it is still correct. If a new belt is fitted, the belt tension must be checked again after the first 20 hours of operation.

A0281

A0282 1

How to clean the gauze strainer of the fuel

lift pump

1 Release the fastener (A2) and remove the cover

and the joint (A3) from the top of the fuel lift pump

(A4). Remove the gauze strainer (A1). On some

turbocharged engines, it will be necessary to remove

the small heat shield which is fitted above the pump.

2 Wash carefully all of the sediment from the lift pump

body.

3 Clean the gauze strainer, the joint and the cover.

4 Assemble the lift pump. Use a good joint and

ensure that the lift pump body and the cover are fitted together correctly because leakage at this point will let air into the fuel system. Fit the heat shield, if one is fitted.

5 Eliminate the air from the fuel system through the filter vent plug, see page 30.

Fuel pre-filter

If a pre-filter is fitted between the fuel tank and the engine. Check the filter bowl for water at regular intervals and drain as necessary, see page 18.A

L0008 1

How to renew the element(s) of the fuel filter

There are three types of fuel filter in use: Warning!Discard the used element or canister and fuel oil in a safe place and in accordance with local regulations.

Cautions:

l It is important that only the genuine Perkins parts are used. The use of a wrong canister or element can damage the fuel injection pump.

l Do not allow dirt to enter the fuel system. Before a connection is disconnected, clean thoroughly the area around the connection. After a component has been disconnected, fit a suitable cover to all open connections.

l The pre-filter and main filter canisters must be renewed at the same time.

The separate element type where the filter element is held between the filter head and the bottom cover (A). The canister type where the filter element has an internal thread (B2) at the top and is fastened to a threaded adaptor (B1) in the filter head (B).

A fuel filter with a quick release canister (C) has been introduced on certain engines. Some engines are fitted with a pre-filter of the same type. This filter is fitted next to the main filter, but connected in the fuel system before the fuel lift pump; both of the filter elements must be renewed at the same time.

The filter can have one or two elements. When twin elements are fitted, both of the elements must be renewed at the same time.A

A0248

A0249

A0271B

How to renew the element(s) of the

separate element type

Caution:It is important that only the genuine Perkins

fuel filter element is used. The use of a wrong element

can cause damage to the fuel injection pump.

1 Clean the outside surfaces of the fuel filter

assembly. If a drain tap (A4) is fitted to the bottom of

the filter bowl, drain the fuel from the filter.

2 Hold the bottom cover of the filter element and

release the setscrew (A3) which is fitted through the

filter head (A1) above the centre of the element.

3 Lower the bottom cover of the filter.

4 Remove the element (A5) and discard it.

5 Clean the inside surfaces of the filter head and of the cover.

6 Renew the seals (A2) and (A6) and lightly lubricate them with clean fuel.

7 Put the bottom cover under the new element and hold the element squarely to the filter head. Ensure that the element is fitted in the centre against the joint in the filter head. With the assembly in this position, engage and tighten the setscrew.

8 Eliminate the air from the fuel system, see page 29.A

L0009 1

How to renew the filter canister of the canister fuel filter

1 Thoroughly clean the outside surfaces of the fuel filter assembly.

2 Loosen the drain device at the bottom of the filter (A1) and allow the water/fuel to drain into a suitable container.

3 Use a strap wrench or similar tool to loosen the filter canister and remove the canister.

4 Ensure that the threaded adaptor (A2) is secure in the filter head and that the inside of the head is clean.

5 Lubricate lightly the top seals (A3) of the new canister with clean fuel. Fit the new canister to the filter head and tighten, by hand only.

6 Eliminate the air from the fuel system, see page 29.

A0249