gmat语法错题集
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-002 VSC07625 EASY
Efforts to the funds available to school districts, a major goal of education reformers and many states in the 1970's, has not significantly reduced the gags existing between the richest and poorest districts.
A. has not significantly reduced the gaps existing
B. has not been significant in reducing the gap that exists
C. has not made a significant reduction in the gap that exists
D. have not significantly reduced the gap that exists
E. have not been significant in a reduction of the gaps existing
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-013 VSC002568 EASY
In February 1995, Doris Schopper became president of the international council of Médecins sans Frontiéres, known in English as “Doctors Without Borders,” the world's largest independent, international, voluntary emergency medical assistance and relief organization.
A. known in English as “Doctors Without Borders,"
B. the English for “Doctors Without Borders,"
C. in English named as “Doctors Without Borders,"
D. “Doctors Without Borders," as they are known in English
E. or “Doctors Without Borders," which is in English
Know as =称为，name as=提名，任命
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-014 VSC002587 EASY
Restorers say that if allowed to remove and replace the discolored layer of varnish on the Mona Lisa, the colors Leonardo da Vinci painted nearly five hundred years ago will once again shine through.
A. If
B. if it is
C. if they are
D. when
E. when it is
They指代restorers
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-016 VSC002795 EASY
Nineteenth-century doctors thought that alcohol, when ingested, passed through the stomach into the bloodstream and was broken down only by the liver; recent studies, however, have led them to conclude that the stomach breaks down up to 20 percent of ingested alcohol before it reaches the liver.
A. have led them to conclude
B. have led to their conclusion
C. have led doctors to conclude
D. ead to doctors concluding
E. ead to the doctors? conclusion
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-024 VSC07628 Medium
While larger banks can afford to maintain their own data-processing operations, many smaller regional and community banks are finding that the cost associated with upgrading data-processing equipment and with the development and maintenance of new products and technical staff are prohibitive.
A. cost associated with
B. costs associated with
C. costs arising from
D. cost of
E. costs of
句子结构：the costs are prohibitive
平衡结构：with upgrading data-processing equipment and with the development…
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-026 VSC07631 Medium
Architects and stonemasons, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benefit of the wheel or animal transport.
A. huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya without benefit of the wheel or animal transport
B. without the benefits of animal transport or the wheel, huge palace and temple clusters were built by the Maya
C. the Maya built huge palace and temple clusters without the benefit of animal transport or the wheel
D. there were built, without the benefit of the wheel or animal transport, huge palace and temple clusters by the Maya
E. were the Maya who, without the benefit of the wheel or animal transport, huge palace and temple clusters Architects and stonemasons主语是人，后面要跟人的修饰说明the maya是人
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-030 VSC001573 Medium
A recent poll of elected officials suggests that candidates, when in the midst of a tough campaign, often make statements about an opponent that they may not think is true.
A. Is
B. are
C. to be
D. of as
E. it is
that refers to plural statements 、 statements that they may not think (that) (the statements) are true.
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-033 VSC001601 Medium
The infant mortality rate has decreased steadily over the past decades and is now at a lower rate than ever before.
A. now at a lower rate than
B. now bower than
C. now a lower rate than
D. presently lower than it was
E. presently lower than the rate was
ever before，所以D用has been更好
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-036 VSC001641 Medium
In a state of pure commercial competition, there would be a large number of producing firms, all unfettered by governmental regulations, all seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than each other.
A. all seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than each other
B. all seeking more successfully to meet consumer needs and wants than the others
C. each seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than one another
D. each seeking to meet consumer needs and wants more successfully than the others
E. each seeking more successfully to meet consumer needs and wants than another
Each other 和one another意思差不多one another更多是用于两个以上的比较。句子是每个和其余的比较Prep2012-Pack1-SC-040 VSC001735 Medium
The region of Norden is comprised of five sovereign states, each of which recognize a stronger cultural bond to their Nordic neighbors than to any other cultural grouping.
A. which recognize a stronger cultural bond to their Nordic neighbors than to
B. which recognize a stronger cultural bond with their Nordic neighbors than
C. which recognizes a stronger cultural bond with its Nordic neighbors than with
D. them recognizing a stronger cultural bond with its Nordic neighbors than they have with
E. them recognizing a stronger cultural bond to their Nordic neighbors than they have to
1.each of 所以后面的句子是单数，ABE错误
2.结构平衡：with…than with…
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-044 VSC002074 Medium
In 1982, archaeologists recovered Henry VIII…s ship Mag Rose, which… having sunk in 1545… with more than artifacts on board, everything from arrows and longbows to a barber-surgeon's chest containing items commonly used by sixteenth-century medics.
A. In 1982, archaeologists recovered Henry VIII…s ship Mary Rose, which, having sunk in 1545, with more than 17,000 artifacts on board,
B. Henry ship Mary Rose sank in 1545 and, recovered by archaeologists in 1982, they found more than 17,000 artifacts on board,
C. When Henry ship Mary Rose, which sank in 1545, was recovered in 1982, archaeologists found more than 17,000 artifacts on board,
D. Having sunk in 1545, Henry V111's ship Mary Rose was recovered in 1982 by archaeologists, finding more than 17,000 artifacts on board, with
E. Finding more than 17,000 artifacts on board, Henry ship Mary Rose, which sank in 1545, was recovered in 1982 by archaeologists and it had
A.的have sunking用法不好
B句子不完整
D finding more than 17,000 artifacts on board, with 的主语是Henry ship Mary Rose,--错误
E Finding more than 17,000 artifacts on board的主语是Henry ship Mary Rose,--错误
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-045 VSC002117 Medium
In undisturbed primary forests, the Honduran mahogany grows up to a height of 130 feet, having a buttressed trunk and a crown that spread over the canopy of lesser trees.
A. up to a height of 130 feet, having a buttressed trunk and a crown that spread
B. up to 130 feet in height, and with a buttressed trunk and a crown spreading
C. to as high as 130 feet in height, having a buttressed trunk and with a crown that spread
D. to a height of 130 feet, with a buttressed trunk and with a crown that spreads
E. as high a height as 130 feet, having a buttressed trunk and a crown spreading
树只向一个方向生长，所以up是多余的
C中as high as和in height语义重复，E也一样
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-058 VSC002715 Medium
The Scandinavian assault on Western Europe culminated in the early eleventh century with the Danish conquest of the English kingdom, which other Scandinavian kings attempted to repeat, unsuccessfully later in the same century.
A. which other Scandinavian kings attempted to repeat, unsuccessfully, later in the same century
B. which other Scandinavian kings attempted to repeat later that same century, but not successfully
C. an achievement that other Scandinavian kings attempted later in the century to repeat, but were not successful at it
D. an achievement attempted later in the century by other Scandinavian kings that was not successful
E. an achievement that other Scandinavian kings attempted to repeat later in the century, but without success
同位语插入，后面跟的but without success是修饰最前面的句子
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-059 VSC002774 Medium
On the surface of Jupiter's moon Europa, water remains frozen, but the gravitational force of Jupiter and its other moons cause contractions that may generate so much heat that it would melt ice below Europa?s surface.
A. moons cause contractions that may generate so much heat that it would melt
B. moons cause contractions, with enough heat generated for melting
C. moons causes contractions that may generate enough heat to melt
D. moons, causing contractions, may generate so much heat to melt
逻辑问题，force引起contraction（收缩），收缩引起很多heat to melt
E. moons, which causes contractions, may generate enough heat for melting
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-062 VSC002507 hard
Narwhals can be called whales of the ice: in icy channels, ponds, and ice-shielded bays they seek sanctuary from killer whales, their chief predator, and their annual migrations following the seasonal rhythm of advancing and retreating ice.
A. their annual migrations following
B. their annual migrations which follow
C. their annual migrations follow
D. whose annual migrations following
E. whose annual migrations follow
主谓一致，follow是句子的谓语
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-063 VSC002550 hard
Naked mole rats form colonies of approximately twenty animals, each of which consists of a single reproductive female and workers that defend her.
A. each of which consists
B. with each of them consisting
C. each colony consisting
D. and each of them consist
E. and each colony consisting
A中的which指代错误，指代了animals
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-067 VSC003591 hard
Without adequate amounts of sleep, people?s newly acquired skills and also new factual information may not get properly encoded into their memory circuits.
A. Without adequate amounts of sleep, people's newly acquired skills and also
B. Without the adequate amount of sleep they need, people's newly acquired skills and even
C. If they do not have adequate amounts of sleep, people's newly acquired skills and even
D. If people do not get adequate amounts of sleep, newly acquired skills and even
E. If people do not get the adequate amount of sleep they need, newly acquired and also
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-069 VSC003901 hard
Laboratory rats and mice live up to 40 percent longer than usual when fed a diet of at least 30 percent fewer calories than that which they would normally eat, but that otherwise contains all necessary vitamins and nutrients.
A. of at least 30 percent fewer calories than that which they would normally eat, but that otherwise
B. with at least 30 percent fewer calories than what they would normally eat though otherwise it
C. that has at least 30 percent fewer of the calories that they would normally eat, but otherwise it
D. that has at least 30 percent fewer calories than they would normally eat but that otherwise
E. that has at least 30 percent fewer calories than that which they would normally eat, though that otherwise
比较是在两个diet之间，a diet has at least 30 percent fewer calories than (a diet) they would normally eat
平行that has at least 30 percent fewer calories than they would normally eat but that otherwise 两个that 同时做定语从句修饰 a diet。
注意比较的and 和but的平衡关系
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-070 VSC004360 hard
In July 1965 Mariner IV passed by Mars and took the first-ever close-up photographs of another planet, which showed that the Martian surface was like that of the Moon's in that it was pockmarked by moonlike craters and was dry and apparently dead.
A. which showed that the Martian surface was like that of the Moon's in that it was pockmarked by moonlike craters and was dry and apparently dead
B. which showed a dry, apparently dead Martian surface, and it was pockmarked by craters like the Moon has
C. which showed the Martian surface as a dry, apparently dead one, which was pockmarked with craters such as the Moon's
D. photos showing the Martian surface to be that of the Moon's, dry and apparently dead, and it was pockmarked by moonlike craters
啰嗦重复
E. photos that showed a dry, apparently dead Martian surface pockmarked with craters like those on the Moon
Like不是举例，是像的意思
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-071 VSC004462 hard
Inhospitable places on our planet, from steaming hot springs to the thick ice of the Polar Regions, tend to be populated by specially adapted microbes flourishing, it seems, in these extreme conditions and are therefore called “extremophiles.”
A. flourishing, it seems, in these extreme conditions and are
B. that seem to flourish with these extreme conditions and
C. that seem to flourish in these extreme conditions and that are
平衡结构
D. seeming to flourish in these extreme conditions and are
E. seeming to flourish with these extreme conditions and that are
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-072 VSC004493 hard
A study of food resources in the North Pacific between 1989 and 1996 revealed that creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly a result from increasing sea surface temperatures during the same period.
A. t hat creatures of the seabed were suffering from dwindling food supplies, possibly a result from increasing
B. that creatures of the seabed were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, possibly as a result of an increase in
C. that creatures of the seabed were suffering because of food supplies, which were dwindling possibly as a result of increasing creatures of the seabed that were suffering from food supplies that were dwindling, possibly resulting from an increase in
D. creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing
E. creatures of the seabed that were suffering because food supplies were dwindling, which possibly resulted from increasing Prep2012-Pack1-SC-073 VSC004703 hard
Although improved efficiency in converting harvested trees into wood products may reduce harvest rates, it will stimulate demand by increasing supply and lowering prices, thereby boosting consumption.
A. in converting harvested trees into wood products may reduce harvest rates, it will stimulate demand by increasing supply and lowering prices, thereby boosting
B. in converting harvested trees into wood products may reduce harvest rates, demand will be stimulated because of increasing supply and lowering prices, which boost
谓语不对
C. of converting harvested trees into wood products may reduce harvest rates, it stimulate demand by increasing supply and lowering prices, which boosts
D. of harvested trees being converted into wood products may reduce harvest rates, it will stimulate demand, because it will increase supply and lower prices, thereby boosting
E. when harvested trees are converted into wood products may reduce harvest rates, demand will be stimulated because of increasing supply and lowering prices, which boost
Prep2012-Pack1-SC-074 VSC005220 hard
Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther away from Earth, so both the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
A.Because of the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, but also 400 times farther away from Earth, so both the Sun
and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
not only … but also…
B. The Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, is also 400 times farther away from Earth, so the Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky.
C. The Sun and the Moon have the same apparent size in the sky because the Sun, which is 400 times larger than the Moon, and also 400 times farther away from Earth.
D. Four hundred times larger than the Moon and 400 times farther away from Earth, the Sun has the same apparent size in the sky as the Moon's.
400 times farther away from Earth有歧义，不完整
E. Four hundred times larger than the Moon and also 400 times farther away from Earth, so the Sun in the sky has the same apparent size as the Moon.