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保护Excel工作表

保护Excel工作表
保护Excel工作表

保护Excel工作表

保护工作表元素

保护工作表有两种方法,一种是通过Excel操作界面:审阅-保护工作表按钮操作,还有就是可以通过VBA宏的ActiveSheet.Protect函数操作。

1.将要保护的工作表激活成当前活动工作表。

2.要对允许其他用户更改的单元格或区域解除锁定,请执行下列操作:

a)选择要解除锁定的单元格或单元格区域。

b)在“开始”选项卡上的“单元格”组中,单击“格式”,然后单击“设置单元格格

式”。

c)在“保护”选项卡上,清除“锁定”复选框,然后单击“确定”。

3.要隐藏不希望显示的公式,请执行下列操作:

a)在工作表中,选择包含要隐藏的公式的单元格。

b)在“开始”选项卡上的“单元格”组中,单击“格式”,然后单击“设置单元格格

式”。

c)在“保护”选项卡上,选中“隐藏”复选框,然后单击“确定”。

4.要对允许用户更改的任何图形对象(如图片、剪贴画、形状或SmartArt 图形)解除锁

定,请执行下列操作:

a)按住Ctrl 并单击要解除锁定的每个图形对象。提示:也可以使用“定位”命令,

快速选择工作表中的所有图形对象。在“开始”选项卡上的“编辑”组中,单击“查

找和选择”,然后单击“定位”。单击“特殊”,然后单击“对象”。单击鼠标右键,

选择“大小和属性”。在“属性”选项卡上,清除“锁定”复选框,并清除“锁定

文本”复选框(如果显示)。

b)注释:不必对按钮或控件解除锁定以使用户可单击和使用它们。可以对允许用户修

改的内嵌图表、文本框和其他用绘图工具创建的对象解除锁定。

5.在“审阅”选项卡上的“更改”组中,单击“保护工作表”。

6.在“允许此工作表的所有用户进行”列表中,选择允许用户更改的元素。具体说明如下:“选定锁定单元格”:用户可以选定锁定的单元格(默认为勾选状态);

“选定未锁定的单元格”:用户可以选定未锁定的单元格(默认为勾选状态);

“设置单元格格式”:允许用户设置被锁定单元格的格式和条件格式;

“设置列格式”:允许用户使用被锁定单元格的任何列格式命令,包括更改列宽或隐藏列(“开始”选项卡、“单元格”组、“格式”按钮)。

“设置行格式”:允许用户使用被锁定单元格的任何行格式命令,包括更改行高或隐藏行(“开始”选项卡、“单元格”组、“格式”按钮)。

“插入列”:插入列。

“插入行”:插入行。

“插入超链接”:插入新的超链接

“删除列”:删除列。如果“删除列”受保护而“插入列”并未受保护,则用户可以插入但无法删除列。

“删除行”:删除行。如果“删除行”受保护而“插入行”并未受保护,则用户可以插入但无法删除行。

“排序”:使用“数据”选项卡、“排序和筛选”组-主要是高级按钮。无论此处如何设置,用户都不能在受保护工作表中排序包含锁定单元格的区域。

“使用自动筛选”:应用自动筛选时,使用下拉箭头更改区域的筛选器。无论此处如何设置,用户都不能应用或删除受保护工作表的自动筛选。

“使用数据透视表”:设置格式、更改布局、刷新或修改数据透视表,或者创建新报表。“编辑对象”:允许对锁定的图形对象(包括图片、图表、形状、文本框和控件)进行更改。例如,如果“编辑对象”未选中,且工作表中有宏按钮,则只可以运行宏,但不能删除该按钮。再如,不能对图表做出更改(如设置格式等)。但更改该图表的源数据时,该图表仍继续更新。VBA中对应DrawingObjects 参数。

“编辑方案”:如果方案设定了隐藏或禁止更改,则工作表被保护时,默认被隐藏的方案不显示,可显示的方案也不可以被更改或删除。对应VBA中对应Scenarios参数。

7.在“取消工作表保护时使用的密码”框中,为工作表键入密码,单击“确定”,然后重

新键入密码以进行确认。

如果使用VBA编程,有如下几点特别需要引起注意:

1.VBA中还可以选择额外两个选项:

Contents参数:如果赋值为False,则可以对锁定的工作表的内容进行修改;UserInterfaceOnly参数:如果赋值为True,则保护仅针对Excel普通用户界面有效,而通过VBA程序则可以对工作表进行修改。比如A2为锁定状态,通过鼠标或键盘就无法修改A2的内容,但却可以通过VBA修改A2的数据。UserInterfaceOnly即便设置成了True,但如果重新打开文件,此工作表又会变成UserInterfaceOnly:=False的保护状态,也就是此时又无法通过VBA程序修改工作表了,必须再重新运行一次对应的protect宏;

2.对于被保护的工作表,可以在VBA宏中重新进行保护而不必先取消保护,前提是密码正

确。重新运行后新的参数会起作用。

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' Modified 2003-Apr-04 by JEM: All msgs to constants, and ' eliminate one Exit Sub (Version 1.1.1) ' Reveals hashed passwords NOT original passwords Const DBLSPACE As String = vbNewLine & vbNewLine Const AUTHORS As String = DBLSPACE & vbNewLine & _ "Adapted from Bob McCormick base code by" & _ "Norman Harker and JE McGimpsey" Const HEADER As String = "AllInternalPasswords User Message" Const VERSION As String = DBLSPACE & "Version 1.1.1 2003-Apr-04" Const REPBACK As String = DBLSPACE & "Please report failure " & _ "to the microsoft.public.excel.programming newsgroup." Const ALLCLEAR As String = DBLSPACE & "The workbook should " & _ "now be free of all password protection, so make sure you:" & _ DBLSPACE & "SAVE IT NOW!" & DBLSPACE & "and also" & _ DBLSPACE & "BACKUP!, BACKUP!!, BACKUP!!!" & _ DBLSPACE & "Also, remember that the password was " & _ "put there for a reason. Don't stuff up crucial formulas " & _ "or data." & DBLSPACE & "Access and use of some data " & _ "may be an offense. If in doubt, don't." Const MSGNOPWORDS1 As String = "There were no passwords on " &

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