高考英语名词经典习题(含答案)

高考英语名词经典习题(含答案)

一、单项选择名词

1．Determination is a good ________ and that is what it takes to do anything well.

A．quality B．standard C．principle D．motto

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：决心是一种好品质，它是做好任何事情所需要的。A. quality 品质；B. standard标准； C. principle原理；D. motto座右铭。决心是一种品质，故A项正确。

2． attention to surrounding traffic is a(n) to accidents.

A．Drivers not paying; invitation B．Drivers’ not paying; invitation

C．Drivers not paying; cause D．Drivers’ not paying; cause

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查动名词和名词。句意：司机不注意周围的交通会引起事故。此处是动名词的否定形式作主语，且逻辑主语是名词所有格形式，所以第一个空应填Drivers’ not paying；第二个空，an invitation to“------的一个邀请”，结合句意此空填invitation。故选B。

3．How amazing it is that Zuckberg can speak Chinese! After all, it is a big_____ for any westerner to learn such a totally different language.

A．adventure B．achievement

C．trend D．challenge

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。A. adventure冒险；B. achievement成就；C. trend趋势；D. challenge 挑战。句意：扎克伯格会说中文是多么令人吃惊啊！毕竟，对任何西方人来说，学习一门完全不同的语言是一个巨大的挑战。根据句意可知此处表示“挑战”，故D项正确。

4．It can’t be a(n) _______that four jewe lry stores were robbed in one night. A．coincidence B．accident

C．incident D．chance

【答案】B

【解析】

词义辨析。 A.巧合；一致 B. 事故；意外 C.事件；事变 D. 机会。句意：四家珠宝商店在

一夜之间被抢劫不会是一起事故。含有意外的意思，故选B。

5．Please read the ______ on the bottle and take the right amount of medicine. A．explanations B．instructions C．descriptions D．introductions

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：请阅读瓶子上的说明，并服用适量的药物。A. explanations解释；B. instructions说明；C. descriptions描述；D. introductions介绍。由“take the right amount of medicine.”可知，应该按照瓶子上的说明服用适量的药物。所以instructions“说明”符合句意。故B选项正确。

6．Yesterday we went to an _____ park where we were _____ by performances that we found _____ to watch.

A．amusement, amusing, amused B．amusement, amused, amusing C．amusing, amused, amusement D．amusing, amusing, amusement

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查形容词和名词。句意：昨天我们去了一个有趣的公园，那里的表演让我们很开心，我们觉得很有趣。以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物。所以第一个空填amusing, 修饰park，第二个空填amused，因为主语为we。而第三个空前的found为及物动词后接名词amusement作宾语。故C选项正确。【点睛】

关于-ing形容词与-ed形容词的区别，比较准确的表述应该是：

1. 以后缀–ed结尾的形容词(如ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased, surprised, worried等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。

2. 以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词(如delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying 等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。

以后缀–ed结尾的形容词通常用于说明人。以后缀 -ing 结尾的形容词主要用于说明事物。所以第一个空填amusing, 修饰park，第二个空填amused，因为主语为we。而第三个空前的found为及物动词后接名词amusement作宾语。故C选项正确。

7．-- Do you agree friends you spend time with will change your life in one way or another?

-- Couldn't agree more. Hopefully our students can show great ________ in their choices of friends.

A．accommodation B．discrimination

C．reputation D．distinction

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你同意和你在一起的朋友会以这样或那样的方式改变你的生活吗？——完全同意，希望我们的学生在选择朋友方面表现出很强的鉴别能力。A. accommodation住处；B. discrimination鉴别力；C. reputation名誉；D. distinction区别。根据“their choices of friends”可知此处表示“鉴别力”，故B项正确。

8．In the book, the author describes how Iran has long sought an with America. A．acceleration B．accomplishment

C．accumulation D．accommodation

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：这本书里，作者描述了伊朗如何长期与美国寻求和解。A. acceleration加速，促进；B. accomplishment成就，完成；C. accumulation积聚，累积；D. accommodation和解，膳宿。根据句意，故选D。

9．That party has been in ________ for many years and it has showed its ________ in dealing with many important problems.

A．power；energy B．power；strengths

C．force；energy D．force；strengths

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：那个政党已经执政很多年了，并且在处理许多重要问题上显现出了它的优势。in power意为“执政、当权”，故排除C.D。energy意为“能量”， strengths意为“优势”。根据翻译可知B项正确。

10．‘’There is among Chinese people that no country or individual can can protect itself without intellectual property（知识产权）protection’’ Liu Xin said.

A．commitment B．criterion C．consensus D．competence

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：刘鑫说，在中国人群中由这样一种共识，没有知识产权保护法的话，任何国家和个人都不能保护自己。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ed3854840.html,mitment 承诺、许诺，（因工作而）献身、奉献B. criterion （判断的）标准、准则、原则；C.consensus 一致意见、共识；D.

competence 能力、胜任、本领。根据句意判断，故选C。

11．—Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life?

—Living every day to the full, definitely.

A．recipe B．record C．range D．reflection

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：——能告诉我你幸福长寿的秘诀吗？——一定每天都过得充实。A. recipe秘诀；食谱；B. record记录；C. range范围；D. reflection反射；沉思。根据句意故选A。

12．This restaurant has become popular for its wide____________ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.

A．division B．area

C．range D．circle

【答案】C

【解析】

Crange范围。A项分歧，B项领域，D项圆圈，故只有c项符合题意。

13．People are very frightened when they think of the in which someone is eaten by a tiger. A．sight B．scene C．view D．sign

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：人们一想到有人被老虎吃掉的情景就非常害怕。A. sight视野B. scene场景C. view视线D. sign标志。根据句意及常识，人脑海中浮现的一般是一个场景。只有B项符合。故选B。

14．An advantage of living on the top floor of a high rise building is that you can get a good

_________.

A．scene B．scenery

C．sight D．view

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：住在高楼大厦顶层的优点是你能看很好地欣赏风景。A. scene 情景B. scenery景色 C. sight 景象 D. view风景。view“风景”普遍用语,指从某个角度所看到的风景。根据句意，故D选项正确。

Scene:1. 某地的景色、风景，指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分

15．This new phone is aimed at young people in the 18- 25 age ______ and in the eye of them, the product can ______ a message to other people that they are well-off.

A．range; deliver B．dimension; convey C．range; convey D．dimension; deliver 【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词和动词辨析。句意：这款新手机针对的是18- 25岁的年轻人，在他们眼中，这款产品可以向其他人传达一个信息，他们很富裕。短语in ...age range“在……年龄范围内”，故第一空应用range，dimension表示“尺寸；体积”；第二空中deliver表示“交付；递送”，convey表示“传达；传输”，结合句意故选C。

16．There is little doubt that with power and ______ it comes more responsibility instead of entertainment.

A．possession B．privilege

C．association D．pattern

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，权力和特权带来的是更多的责任，而不是娱乐。A. possession财产；B. privilege特权；C. association联合；D. pattern图案，根据题意，故选B。

17．According to the bank rules released recently, you have to pay a 25% ________ on each cheque you cash.

A．admission B．pension

C．allowance D．commission

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据银行最近公布的规定，你每兑现一张支票必须付25%的手续费。A. admission承认；B. pension抚恤金； C. allowance津贴；D. commission佣金；手续费。兑现支票必须付25%的手续费。故答案为D。

18．As global warming increases, the Earth will become less and less suited to life, and many species will face ______.

A．extinction B．direction C．calculation D．application

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着全球变暖的加剧，地球将越来越不适合生命生存，许多物种将面临灭绝。A. extinction灭绝，消失；B. direction指导；C. calculation计算；D. application申请；应用。结合句意，故选A。

19．New _____ continue to use ancient methods of agriculture to maintain the terraces. A．characters

B．generations

C．insects

D．tourists

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。句意：新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。A. characters 特点；B. generations 一代人；C.insects 昆虫；D. tourists游客。分析句子可知，新一代人继续使用古老的农业方法来维持梯田。故选B。

20．（天津）The weather forecast says it will be cloudy with a slight _____ of rain later tonight. A．effect B．sense

C．change D．chance

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：天气预报说今天今天会是多云，后半夜可能有雨。A.影响；B.感觉；C.改变；D.机会，可能性。故选D。

考点：考查名词辨析。

21．He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his ___ was seen at its best when he worked with others.

A．aspect B．appearance C．talent D．character

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：他证明了自己是一个真正的绅士，当他和别人一起工作时，他的性格之美达到了极致。A. aspect方面；B. appearance外貌；C. talent才华，天才；D. character 性格，品质。根据句中a true gentleman 和when he worked with others.可判断绅士在工作时表现出的是性格品质，而不是外表或才华，故选D。

22．As we all know, there is a close ______ between diet and health.

A．connection B．evidence C．power D．belief

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：我们都知道，饮食和健康之间有密切的联系。A. connection联系；B. evidence证据；C. power力量，能力；D. belief信念，信仰。此处指饮食和健康两者的联系，故选A。

23．Whatever we do, we will make it. As long as we take the ________ we should have to achieve our goal.

A．sympathy B．technique C．passion D．patience

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管我们做什么，我们都会成功的。只要我们有激情，我们就应能实现我们的目标。A. sympathy同情；B. technique技巧；C. passion激情；D. patience

耐心。根据“we should have to achieve our goal.”可知此处强调“拥有实现目标的激情”，故C

项正确。

24．Many scientists have believed that there may be a ______ of life on the Mars.

A．signal B．sign C．mark D．sigh

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：很多科学家相信在火星上有生命迹象。A. signal信号；B. sign标语，迹象；C. mark标记；D. sigh叹气。火星上的生命是有迹象的。故选B。

25．Be sure to read the ______ in the guidebook before you begin to use the new computer. A．instructions B．solution C．descriptions D．message

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在你使用新电脑前，一定要阅读说明书上的说明。A. instructions指示，说明；B. solution解决方法；C. descriptions描述；D. message信息。结

合句意可知，此处用“说明”符合语境，故选A项。

26．If you feel any_____ in your neck, put a towel under your head for support when sleeping.

A．tension B．abortion C．submission D．dimension

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你感到颈部肌肉紧张，睡觉时放一个毛巾在头下垫着。A. tension 紧张(在句中表示颈部肌肉紧张)；B. abortion 堕胎；C. submission 屈服、提交；D. dimension 方面、维度。结合句意可知，此处用“颈部肌肉紧张”符合语境，故选A项。

27．He moved to the USA in the late 1630s and left a(n) of his reason for his leaving. A．variety B．evidence C．quantity D．account

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词。A. variety 种类； B. evidence证据； C. quantity数量； D. account账户，理由。句意：他在17世纪30年代后期移居美国，并留下了他离开的原因。结合句意可知答案为D。

28．The system has been designed to give its users quickly and easy ___to the required information.

A．way B．approach

C．manner D．access

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：这套系统设计的目的是为了让学生快捷方便地获得信息。A. way方式；方法；B. approach方法；C. manner方式；D. access接近(的机会)；使用之权。access to接近，有权使用；进入，通向……的路口。access to“有权使用；查阅（或使用）的机会（或权利）”，根据句意，故选D。

29．The building under _____for stay-at-home children will be completed in March A．contribution B．construction

C．coincidence D．composition

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析及固定搭配。contribution贡献，捐赠，捐助；construction建造，建筑物; coincidence巧合; 一致；composition作文，作曲。句意: 正在被建的留守儿童楼将于3月竣工。本句说的是建筑物，因此要用建造中。under construction意为“（正在）修建中”，因此选B。

30．The child is so full of ______ that he can’t keep quiet.

A．strength B．energy C．power D．force

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查名词辨析。句意：这孩子精力充沛，无法保持安静。A. strength力量；B. energy精力；活力；C. power权利；能力；D. force武力。根据句意故选B。

(完整版)高中英语语法填空专题训练和答案

语法填空专项训练 1 Before the 17th century, most of the native English speakers lived in England. After the 17th century, British people began to move to other ___66___ (country). Gradually, English was spoken there. At present ___67___ (many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before. ___68___ (luck), native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. English ___69___ (change) and developed when cultures met and communicated with each other over the past centuries. The English ___70___ (speak) in England between about AD450 and 1150 was very different ___71___ the modern English we speak today. It was the new settlers that enriched the English language and ___72___ (especial) its vocabulary. The English language was settled by the 19th century ___73___ two big changes in English spelling happened. English now is also spoken as a foreign ___74___second language in South Asia. China may have the ___75___ (large) number of English learners. 66.【答案】countries 【解析】考查名词。country是可数名词，此处由other修饰用复数形式，指其他的国家。故填countries. 67. 【答案】more 【解析】考查比较级。根据句中的than ever before可知含有和以前比较的意思，要用比较级表示更多的人，故填more. 68. 【答案】Luckily 【解析】考查副词。此处单独使用作状语要用副词形式，指“幸运的是”，故填Luckily. 69. 【答案】has changed 【解析】考查时态。根据句意和时间状语over the past centuries可知与现在完成时连用，主语是单数，故填has changed. 70. 【答案】spoken 【解析】考查过去分词。English和动词speak是被动关系，此处是过去分词作定语，故填spoken.

高考英语专题一名词

考点一名词 名 词 一、可数名词单数变复数的规则 1.规则变化 规则例词 一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s book—books cap—caps tree—trees 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词,在词尾加-es glass—glasses box—boxes watch—watches brush—brushes

2.不规则变化

注意:1.fish的“数” ?

2.penny的复数形式 ? 2 pennies ? 2 pence 3.hair的“数” ? ?

4.people指“人”时是person的一种复数形式,指“民族”时其复数形 式为peoples。 one person一个人two people两个人 a people一个民族two peoples两个民族 二、名词所有格 1. 加-'s词尾的规则 2.用法 （1）用于表来人或其他有生命的名词。表示所有关系类别用途、目的或起源。Is this Mr. Black's ofie? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗? I took over my father's company last year.我是去年接管我父亲的公司的。children's bookstore儿童书店 (2)用于表示时间距离、价格等的名词。 Have you read today's newspaper?你读今天的报纸了吗? We're going to have a six weeks' summer vacation.我们将有一-个为期六个星期的暑假。

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