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杭州二中 2019 学年第一学期高三年级选考模拟考

杭州二中 2019 学年第一学期高三年级选考模拟考
杭州二中 2019 学年第一学期高三年级选考模拟考

杭州二中2019学年第一学期高三年级选考模拟考

地理试卷

一、选择题(20小题,共计60分)

读“我国森林锐减、土地荒漠化、水土流失、酸雨四种环境问题的分布示意图”,完成1-2题。

1.图示数码②表示森林资源破坏,其中东北林区因纬度高,温度低,蒸发弱,终年地表湿度较大,所以森林(采伐)破坏最严重的季节是

A.春季

B.夏季

C.秋季

D.冬季

2.图示数码④表示的环境问题在我国中部分布最广的自然原因主要是

A.地处山地迎风坡,多地形雨

B.受板块运动影响,多地质灾害,地表破碎

C.地处地势阶梯交界处,地势起伏大

D.人口密集,人类活动对植被破坏严重

下图是某地区大地震后救灾工作程序示意图。读图,回答第3-4题。

3.图中所示救灾工作程序还可能适用于

A.鼠害

B.洪涝

C.旱灾

D.寒潮

4.为降低大城市震后救灾活动强度,应采取的主要防灾减灾措施包括:

①完善城市功能区划②调整产业结构③人口外迁④房屋加固⑤组建志愿者队伍⑥避灾自救技能培训

A.①②③④

B.②③④⑤

C.③④⑤⑥

D.①④⑤⑥

风向方位图通常用角度来表示。下图分别为风向方位图和1950-2011年渤海海域冬、夏季风向与速度变化趋势统计图。读图,完成5-6题。

5.60年以来渤海冬季风风向变化趋势是

A.由西西北向西北方向转变

B.由北西北向西北方向转变

C.由东东南向东南方向转变

D.由南东南向东南方向转变

6.渤海风速变化,将会导致

A.烟台威海冬季降雪量增加

B.海上航行的船只速度减慢

C.利于京津地区污染物扩散

D.华北平原地区干燥度增加

松子为松树的种子,是常见的坚果之一。作为我国重要松子产区的内蒙古,2017年经由满洲里口岸进口的俄罗斯松子是2016年同期的5.8倍。这些进口的松子大部分运至吉林省梅河口市、黑龙江东宁市等传统松子加工地进行深加工,然后出口至东南亚、欧洲、北美等地,深受消费者喜爱。据此完成7-8题。

7.内蒙古为我国重要的松子产区,还大量从俄罗斯进口,主要是因为

A.临近俄罗斯,距离松子产地近

B.冻藏保鲜技术进步,交通发达

C.俄罗斯松子粒大饱满,品质高

D.内蒙古松子产量不能满足国内需求

8.内蒙古进口的俄罗斯松子运至梅河口、东宁进行深加工是为了

A.廉价充足的劳动力

B.先进的加工技术

C.广阔的消费市场

D.良好的生态环

读地质及历史时期全球气温变化示意图,回答9-10题

9.考古学证明,台湾海峡海底某处存在河流及农业生产的痕迹,该现象可能存在于

A.白垩纪暖峰期

B.末次冰盛期

C.小冰期

D.20世纪温暖期前期

10.从全新世气候最适宜期到小冰期

A.北半球极地冰盖曾经完全消失

B.全球雪线先降后升

C.热带曾经拓展到现在的加拿大北部

D.人类活动范围先缩小后扩大再缩小

2019年4月杭州市第11个市辖区——钱塘新区正式挂牌,辖区主要为原江干区的下沙经济开发区和萧山的大江东工业区,2017年8月,杭州临安撤市设区,以原临安市的行政区域为临安区的行政区域。下图为临安市近年建成区面积和建筑物数量变化图。完成11-12题。

11.钱塘新区的成立和临安撤市改区主要是为了

A.使杭州跻身“一线”城市

B.体现我国城市发展方向

C.实现杭州产业转型升级

D.增强杭州市的辐射带动作用

12.据图分析可知

A.2013-2016年临安城市土地利用率相对比较低

B.2015年之后,临安房地产发展出现停滞

C.2015年之后,临安建成区面积下降而建筑物数量增长

D.2013-2016年临安城市土地利用率相对比较高

石油农业亦称石油密集农业或工业式农业,是20世纪中期世

界经济发达国家以廉价石油为基础的高度工业化的农业的总称。

读美国本土农业带分布图,完成13-14题。

13.图中甲、乙、丙、丁四地,石油农业曾经广泛分布的是

A.甲地

B.乙地

C.丙地

D.丁地

14.在美国,为应对石油农业造成的生态环境的破坏而出现的农业生

产方式是

A.农业生产地区专门化

B.精准农业和“处方”农业

C.免耕、休耕和轮作、套作农业

D.生态退耕,大力发展畜牧业

若下图表示“我国不同城市不同功能区常住人口金字塔图”,读图回答15-16题。

15.对各人口金字塔图所在城市及功能区的判20断正确的是

①a图可能是三亚的风景旅游区②b图可能是上海外滩商业区

③c图可能是杭州下沙大学城④d图可能是太原钢铁工业区

A.①②

B.②③

C.③④

D.①④

16.每年2月份前后,b图所示城区人口结构都会发生明显变化,其主要影响因素是

A.政治因素

B.经济因素

C.社会文化因素

D.自然生态环境因素

下图表示该区域某一粮食作物生长周期(约252日)内的降水量(单

位:m)等值线分布图,读图回答17-18题。

17.该地区的河流都具备的特征是

A.冬季都有凌汛现象

B.水运条件好,水运价值高

C.含沙量大,流量季节变化大

D.落差大,水能资源丰富

18.右图所示的粮食作物最可能是

A.玉米B冬小麦 C.棉花 D.春小麦

图甲为某时刻在a,b,c,d某处月球月面上看到的地球昼夜分布图,图乙为日、地、月三者位置关系图。读图回答19-20题。

19.若图甲为在a处月面上看到的地球昼夜分布图,则此时a处月球上看到的太阳方位位于所看到的地球的

A.西方

B.东方

C.南方

D.北方

20.若图甲为在c处月面上看到的地球昼夜分布图,则所看到的地球部分的人的阴影最可能朝向

A.正西或者西南

B.西南或者西北

C.东北或者东南

D.均为西北

二、非选择题(共2大题,各20分)

材料一:如图1所示,金门大桥位于美国加利福尼亚州旧金山金门海峡之上,是世界著名的钢铁结构悬索

桥。大桥于1933年1月始建,1937年5月首次建成通车。大桥已历经数十年风雨的洗礼,为保证大桥的正

常使用,加州政府毎年都要花巨资对其进行检修与维护。旧金山市附近海域夏季多雾,金门大桥常会被浓雾

包围而看不见,出现“雾锁金门”(图3)的奇观,旧金山的雾被称为人间仙境。

材料二:圣安娜风指秋冬季扫过美国西南部和墨西哥西北部的风,以助长所经地区的林区野火而闻名。2018年1月8日,美国西部加利福尼亚州发生森林大火,这场该州历史上伤亡最大、最具破坏力的山火导致大量房屋被毁。

材料三:图2为美国加利福尼亚州略图。加利福尼亚州是世界上主要的水稻高产地区之一,采用大规模的旱地直播技术,利用先进的灌溉设施设备,培育良品,且大多与大豆实行轮作。

(1)分析夏季旧金山多雾的原因。(4分)

(2)试分析影响金门大桥寿命的自然因素。(4分)

(3)分析加州南部圣安娜风的形成原因及其指出对森林火灾的影响。(5分)

(4)指出山火过后,当地雨季时河流水文特征可能发生的变化。(3分)

(5)分析技术经济因素对加利福尼亚洲发展水稻种植的有利影响。(4分)

22.读下列材料,回答问题。(20分)

材料一:新型城镇化要通过产业、生态、基础设施的协调发展来实现城乡一体化。皖南地区毗邻长三角,是安徽省重要的工业中心与新型城镇化建设的重点区域。下图为皖南部分地理事物分布图。

材料二:2013年铜陵、芜湖两市居前三位的主要工业部门。

材料三:脐橙是亚热带水果,下表为皖南歙县脐橙种植条件评价。

(1)皖南地区以_____________地形为主,适合发展_____________(农业生产部门)为主。(2分)

(2)与铜陵市主要的工业部门相比,简述芜湖市主要工业部门优越性的表现。(3分)

(3)黄山景区以______________(岩石)地貌为主,多奇峰异石。简析其形成的主要地质过程(5分)

(4)分析皖南新型城镇化建设的有利区位。(5分)

(5)歙县是著名的茶叶之乡,如果有人提出该地建设脐橙种植基地,请你提出反对的理由(5分)

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