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(完整版)英语四种疑问句的用法归纳

(完整版)英语四种疑问句的用法归纳
(完整版)英语四种疑问句的用法归纳

英语四种疑问句的用法归纳

一、学习一般疑问句的五个要点

就全句提出问题,希望对方给予肯定或否定答复的问句,叫做一般疑问句。回答时要用Yes或No来开头,句末用问号,朗读时用升调。

(一)、一般疑问句的基本结构

1. 如果谓语中有情态动词、助动词或be,将这些词移到主语之前。如:

Eg: Can you dance? 你会跳舞吗?

Will he go there tomorrow? 他明天去那里?

Are you a student? 你是学生吗?

2. 如果谓语中没有情态动词、助动词或be,就在主语前加助动词do(does、did) ,原来

的动词都用原形。如:

Eg: Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?

Does your brother like English? 你的兄弟喜欢英语吗?

Did you sleep well last night? 你昨晚睡得好吗?

注:have做助动词时,将其移至主语前;作“有”解时也可以将其移至主语前;不是作“有”解的为行为动词时,其疑问式和其他行为动词一样要在主语前加do(does、

did) 。如:

Eg: Has he gone to England? 他到英国去了?

Have you (=Do you have) a car? 你有汽车吗?

Do you have lunch at school? 你是在学校吃中饭的吗?

(二)、一般疑问句的简略回答

Eg: —Can you swim? 你会游泳吗?

—Yes, I can. (No, I can’t) 会。(不会)

—Have you finished your work? 你工作做完了吗?

—Yes, I have. (No, I haven’t. ) 做完了。(还没有。)

—Is this your pen? 这是你的钢笔吗??

—Yes, it is. (No, it isn’t) 是的。(不是。)

(三)、一般疑问句的否定形式

当说话人或是期待肯定的回答或是不期待对方的回答时用否定式。其结构,在口语里,总是把not与情态动词、助动词或be缩略成一个词;有时也将not放在主语后。如:Eg: Can’t you see the kite? 难道你看不到那个风筝?

Don’t you like playing football? 难道你不喜欢踢足球?

Aren’t you (=Are you not) a You Pioneer? 难道你不是少先队员?

(四)、注意否定疑问句的回答

英语的yes和no是对答语的肯定或否定,而不是对问句的肯定或否定,所以只要答语是肯定的,就用“Yes+肯定结构”,答语是否定的,就用“No+否定结构”。这与汉语的习惯不同。请比较:

Eg: —Won’t he go to the hospital? 难道他不去医院了?

—Yes, he will . (No, he won’t. ) 不,他去。(是的,他不去。)

—Can’t you speak English? 你难道不会讲英语吗?

—Yes, I can . (No, I can’t. ) 不,我会。(是的,我不会)

二、学习特殊疑问句的三个要点

(一)、特殊殊疑问句的概念

就是对句中某一部分提出问题的疑问句,叫做特殊疑问句。句首用疑问词,句末用问号,并用降调。不能用Yes或No回答,需要直接回答所问内容,与问句重复的部分常省略。如:

Eg: —What’s there on the road? 路上有什么?

—There’s a truck on it. 路上有辆卡车。

—Who runs fastest in your class? 你们班谁跑得最快?

—Tom does. 汤姆。

(二)、疑问代词和疑问副词

1. 疑问代词

who谁(作主语和表语),whom谁(作宾语),whose谁的(作定语和表语),which

哪些(个) (作主语、宾语、定语和表语),what什么(作主语、定语和表语)。

注:疑问代词都属于第三人称,一般为单数,有时也有复数。what, whose, which

作定语时,必须放在它们所能修饰的名词之前。

2. 疑问副词(作状语)

when何时,where何地,why为什么,how如何,how much多少(不可数) ,how

many多少(可数),how long多久,how old多大年纪,how far多远。

注:how修饰形容词和副词时,必须放在形容词和副词之前。

(三)、特殊疑问句的结构

1. 对主语和主语的定语提问时,与陈述句的语序相同。

Eg: Who is in the room? 谁在房间里?

What makes you so worry? 什么事使你这么烦恼?

Whose shirt is this? 这是谁的衬衣?

Which desk is yours? 哪张课桌是你的?

2. 对句子的其他成分提问,是“疑问词+一般疑问句”。

Eg: What are you doing? 你在干什么?

Which do you want? 你要哪一个?

What time does the train arrive? 火车几点到站?

When will you come back? 你什么时候回来?

How long did they stay there? 他们在那里呆了多久?

三、选择疑问句学习要点

(一)选择疑问句的结构

通常提供两种情况,要求对方从中作出选择,其结构是:一般疑问句+or+一般疑问句(后句常将与前句意思相同的部分省去)。说话时,前句用升调,后句用降调。如:Eg: Shall I go or will you go yourself? 是我去还是你自己去?

Will he go on Sunday or on Monday? 他是星期日还是星期一走?

(二)选择疑问句的回答

从问句提供的几种情况中用完全的句子回答。如:

Eg: —Were you fifteen or sixteen last year? 你去年是15岁还是16岁?

—I was sixteen last year. 去年我是16岁。

四、反意疑问句的概念与结构

(一)、反意疑问句的基本概念

表示问话人有一定看法,但不是完全肯定,需要对方证实;有时说话人还会用反意疑问句来加强陈述句的语气,并不要求对方回答。反意疑问句前面的陈述句部分用逗号和降调,疑问部分用问号,表示疑问时用升调,用来加强语气时用降调。

Eg: He is a student, isn’t he? 他是学生,是不是?(表示疑问,用升调)

The play is interesting, isn’t it? 这部戏很有趣,不是吗?(加强语气,用降调)(二)、反意疑问句的基本结构

反意疑问句由两部分组成,前一部分是一个陈述句,后一部分是一个省略的疑问句。

如果陈述句是肯定的,反意疑问句用否定;如果陈述句是否定的,反意疑问句用肯定的。反意疑问句通常由两个词组成,第一个词是be、情态动词或助动词,若是否定式,not通常要用简略形式;第二个词是人称代词主格(与陈述句的主语相同) 。如:

Eg: Kate and Joan can swim, can’t they? 凯特和琼会游泳,是不是?

Tom won’t come, will he? 汤姆不会来,对吗?

(三)、反意疑问句的回答

要用yes或no回答,回答的内容是肯定的就用yes,回答的内容是否定的就用no,这与汉语不完全相同,同学们要特别注意。如:

Eg: —You will never forget him, will you? 你永远不会忘记他,是吗?

—Yes, I will. 不,我会忘记。

—No, I won’t. 是的,我不会忘记他。

(四)、英语反意疑问句的三种基本结构

结构一:肯定的陈述句+ 否定的简短问句?

Eg :It’s Monday today, isn’t it? 今天星期一,是吗?

He often goes to school by bike, doesn’t he? 他常常骑自行车上学,对吗?

They went to the park yesterday, didn’t they? 他们昨天去的公园,是吗?

用法说明:前面陈述部分是肯定形式,后面简短问句用否定形式。简短问句的主谓部分通常由陈述部分的主谓语来决定,即人称一致、时态一致。

对于反意疑问句的回答,总的一个原则是:不管问题的提法如何,只要

事实上是肯定的,就用yes 回答,事实上是否定的,就用no回答。但

当陈述部分是否定句时,回答译成汉语时不一样。这与汉语截然不同,

应特别注意。如:

Eg: —You don’t want to go out, do you? 你不想出去,对吧?

—Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 不,我想出去。/ 对,我不想出去。

结构二:否定的陈述句+ 肯定定的简短问句?

Eg: That isn’t your book, is it? 那不是你的书,是吗?

Jim doesn’t speak French, does he? 吉姆不会说法语,对吗?

用法说明:当陈述部分有hardly, seldom, few, little, no, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere 等否定词时,疑问部分要用肯定形式。如:

Eg: He never said she would come, did he? 他从来没说她会来,是吗?

Nobody can answer the question, can they? 没有人能回答这个问题,是吗?

Few people know about it, do they? 几乎没有人知道有关这件事情,是吗?

You have never seen the film, have you? 你从来没看过这部电影,是吗?

Neither you nor I can work it out, can we? 你我都不能算出它,对吗?

结构三:祈使句+ 简短问句?

Eg: Stop talking, will you? 停止讲话,好吗?

Pass me the pen, will you / won’t you? 把这支钢笔传给我,好吗?

Don’t be late again, will you? 不要再迟到了,行吗?

Let us help you, will you? 让我们帮助你,好吗?

Let’s have a rest, shall we? 咱们休息一会儿,行吗?

用法说明:

1. 祈使句的反意疑问句,若前面是否定结构,则附加问句只能用will you。若前面

是肯定结构,附加问句用will you,也可用won’t / would / can / can’t you 或

shall we 等,它形式上是反意疑问句,但并不表示正式的疑问句,也不表示反意,

而是表示邀请或表示请求。如:

Eg: Close all the windows, will you / won’t you? 把所有的窗户都关上,好吗?

Don’t go to the park by bus, will you? 别乘公共汽车去公园,好吗?

2. let’s 用于提出建议并包括对方时,其附加问句用shall we。let us 表示征求对方

许可,其附加问句用will you。let + 第三人称时,其附加问句用will you。这种

反意疑问句往往用来表示进一步征求对方的意见,使口气变得客气、委婉一些。

如:

Eg: Let’s go to see the pandas, shall we? 咱们首先去看熊猫,好吗?

Let us wait until 5:00, will you? 让我们等到5点,好吗?

五、英语选择疑问句的构成及用法

(一)、提出两个或两个以上的情况或事物来让听话人对它作出判断或选择,这样的疑问句就叫选择疑问句。这样的疑问句不能用yes 或no 来回答,只能从句子中选择一部分作为问题的答案。选择疑问句,or 前面的部分读升调,or 后面的部分读降调。如:Eg:—Are you a soldier or a worker? 你是士兵还是工人?

—I’m a worker. 我是工人。

选择疑问句有两种结构形式:

1. 一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句?如:

Eg: Have you been there or will you go there? 你是已经去过那儿还将要去那儿?

Can you speak English or can she speak English? 是你会讲英语还是她会讲英语?

当or后面的疑问句与or前面的疑问句有相同部分时,相同部分一般省略。如:

Eg: Will you go to work in Shanghai or (will you go to work ) in Shenzhen after your graduation? 你毕业以后是在上海工作还是去深圳工作呢?

2. Which / Who 所引导的特殊疑问句,A or B? 如:

Eg: Which do you like better, this one or that one? 你更喜欢哪一个,这一个还是那个?

Who are you waiting for, Li Lei or Li Ming? 你在等谁,是李蕾还是李明?

(二)、英语反意疑问句的回答及翻译

1. 肯定反意疑问句的回答

当陈述部分为否定式,反意疑问句为肯定式时,其回答往往与汉语不一致,需特别引起注意:

Eg: "It isn’t cheap, is it?" "Yes, it is." “它不便宜吧?”“不,很便宜。”

"He doesn’t love her, does he?" "No, he doesn’t."“他不爱她,是吗?”“是的,

他不爱她。”

2. 否定反意疑问句的回答

当陈述部分为肯定式,反意疑问句为否定式时,其回答一般不会造成困难,一般只

需照情况回答即可:

Eg: "It’s new, isn’t it?" "Yes, it is." “是新的,对吗?”“对,是新的。”

"He wants to go, doesn’t he?" "No, he doesn’t." “他想去,对吗?”“不,他不想去。”

3. 回答反意疑问句的原则

回答反意疑问句通常应根据实际情况来确定,如有人问你You are asleep, aren’t you?

你应回答No, I’m not. 因为既然你能回答,肯定你还没有asleep。但如果别人问你You aren’t asleep, are you?(你还没有睡着,对吗),你也只能回答No, I’m not.(是的,还没有睡着),而不能回答为Yes, I’m not. 也不能回答成Yes, I am.

六、英语特殊疑问句的用法

用特殊疑问代词或特殊疑问副词所引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句。这种疑问句不能用yes 或no来回答,而应根据具体情况作具体回答。疑问句常用降调。

1. 疑问代词:

(1) what 问事物、情况或人的职业身份;如:

Eg: What’s that over there? 那边的那个是什么?

What do you like best? 你最喜欢什么?

What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜欢的是哪一学科?

注意特殊意义的特殊疑问句:

Eg: What day is it today? 今天星期几?

What’s the date today? 今天是几号?

What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的?

What’s Lee like? 李像个什么样的人?(可以用来问相貌也可用来问人品)

What’s the weather like today? 今天的天气怎么样?

What does sb. / sth. look like? 某人或某物是什么样子?(问外貌)

What do you think about sb. / sth. 你认为某人或某物怎么样?(询问你对某人或某

物的评价) 。

What will you go there for? 你去那儿干什么呢?(问目的)

What book do you want? 你想什么书?

(2) who 问人(作主语、宾语或表语) ,如:

Eg: Who’s the man speaking over there? 在那边说话的那人是谁?

(3) whom问人(作宾语) ,如:

Eg: Whom / who are you talking about? 你们在谈论谁?

(4) whose问人(作主语、宾语、表语或定语) ,如:

Eg: Whose is this? 这是谁的?

Whose bag is this? 这是谁的口袋?

Whose did you take? 你拿了谁的?

(5) which 问人或事物(表选择) ,如:

Eg: Which will you take? 你想拿哪一个?

Which one would like to buy? 你想买哪一个?

2. 疑问副词:

(1) how 问情况、方式、程度等,如:

Eg: How do you go to school? 你是怎么上学的?

How do work out the problem? 你是如何算出这道习题的?

注意具有特殊意义的疑问句:

How do you do? 你好吗?(初次见面用语)

How are you? 你好吗?(熟悉人之间的问候语)

How is your father? 你父亲好吗?(询问他人情况)

How do you like sth. / sb. ? / How do you find sth. / sb. ? 你认为某人或某东西怎么样?相当于What do you think about sb. / sth.

How can I get there? 我怎么去那儿?

How old are you? 你多大了?

How far is it from here to your school? 从这儿到你学校有多远?

How much is five and three? 五加三等于几?

How much is a kilo of pork? 一公斤猪肉多少钱?

How long is it? 它有多长?

How long will you stay there? 你讲在那儿呆多久?

How soon will you come back? 你过多就回来?

How often do you have a sports class? 你每隔多久上一次体育课。

(2) when 问时间,如:

Eg: When will you come here again?你什么时候再来?

(3) where 问地点、处所,如:

Eg: Where will you spend your holiday this summer? 今年夏天到哪里去度假?

(4) why 问原因,如:

Eg: Why do you not believe me? 你为什么不相信我呀?

六、五种特殊情况的反意疑问句

1. 当陈述部分是I’m…时。反意疑问句通常用aren’t I:

Eg: I’m wrong, aren’t I? 我错了,是吗?

I’m older than you, aren’t I? 我年纪比你大,对不对?

2. 当陈述部分是I wish…时。反意疑问句通常用may I:

Eg: I wish to go with them, may I? 我想同他们一起去,可以吗?

3. 当陈述部分为省略句时。反意疑问句的主语通常应视省略的情况而定:

Eg: A nice girl, isn’t she? 她是个好姑娘,对吧?

What a nice day, isn’t it? 天气真好,是吧?

4. 当陈述部分有used to时。反意疑问句可用used to或did:

Eg: He used to come here, usedn’t [didn’t] he? 他过去常来这儿,是吗?

5. 当陈述部分有had better时。反意疑问句用had:

Eg: He’d better leave here, hadn’t he? 他最好离开这儿,是吗?

(七)、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法

用yes或no来回答的疑问句,一般疑问句用升调。陈述句变为疑问句时分三种情况:

1. 陈述句中有系动词be、助动词be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should, had或情态

动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时,将这些系动词、助动词或情态动词移到句首,并在句末加上问号。如:

Eg :I’ll go to the History Museum this afternoon. —Will you go to the History Museum this afternoon? 今天下午你去了历史博物馆吗?

I visited Beijing last month. —Did you visit Beijing last month?

上个月你参观了北京吗?

在对疑问句进行回答时,须注意:

(1) 当回答could, would所提的问题时,一般用can, will. 如:

Eg: —Could you help me with my homework this evening? —Yes, I can. / No, I can’t.

—Would you go there right now? —Yes, I will. / No, I won’t.

在对方向你表示邀请时,可用OK, sorry等来替代Yes,No.

(2) 在对用may所提问题的否定回答时,一般用mustn’t / can’t;而在对用must所

提的问题进行否定回答时,一般用needn’t / don’t have to. 如:

Eg: —May I use your bike now? —Yes, you may. / No, you can’t. (mustn’t) —Must I stay at school this afternoon?

—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t (don’t have to).

2. 原陈述中没有系动词be、助动词be, have / has, do, will, would, shall, should had或情

态动词can, could, may, might, must, dare, need, ought时,则在句首加助动词Do的适当形式,同时,将谓语动词变为原形动词。如:

Eg: We speak Chinese. —Do you speak Chinese? 你讲汉语吗?

I went shopping yesterday.

—Did you go shopping yesterday? 昨天你去买东西了吗?

3. 原陈述句中,若谓语动词是have / has, 则须考虑have / has的意义。如果have / has

是“有”的意义时,变为疑问句时,既可在句首加Do的适当形式,也可将have / has,提到句首。如:

Eg: He has a beautiful pen.

—Has he a beautiful pen? / does he have a beautiful pen? 他有一只漂亮的钢笔吗?

但若have / has,的意思不是“有”时,变为疑问句时,则必须在句手加Do的适当形式。如

Eg: I have lunch at home. —Do you have lunch at home? 你在家吃中饭吗?

We had a meeting last night.

—Did you have a meeting last night? 昨天晚上你开会了吗?

4. 原陈述句中有情态动词used to时,它的一般疑问句,可将used移到句首;也可在

句首加Did 。如:

Eg: I used to go swimming in the river. —Did you use to go swimming in the river? / Used you to go swimming in the river? 你过去常常去那条河里游泳吗?

5. 当心need, dare两个动词。这两个动词既可以做情态动词又可以做行为动词。做情

态动词时,直接将它们移到句首。此时,若用need的问句,肯定回答时用must,否定回答时,用needn’t。若作行为动词,则用Do的适当的形式提问。如:

Eg: —Need I come here tomorrow?—Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t.

—I need to go to school now. —Do you need to go to school now?

—Dare you tell your father about it?

—Do you dare to go out at night?

祈使句的反意疑问句的构成:

1. 基本原则

若陈述部分为祈使句,反意疑问句通常用will you, won’t you, would you等:

Eg: Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信发掉,好吗?

Try to be back by two, won’t you? 设法两点之前回来,好吗?

If you want help, let me know, would you? 如果你需要帮助,告诉我,好吗?

【注】若陈述部分为否定式,则反意疑问句部分只用will you:

Eg: Don’t forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。

有时根据语境的需要,反意疑问句也可以用can you, can’t you 等:

Eg: Give me some cigarettes, can you? 给我些香烟,可以吗?

Walk faster, can’t you? 走快点,不行吗?

一般说来,用will you, won’t you, would you 等构成的反意疑问句语气较委婉。比较:

Eg: Be quiet, will you? 请安静,好吗?

Be quiet, can’t you? 你不能安静点吗?

2. 当祈使句为Let’s…时,反意疑问句总是用shall we:

Eg: Let’s phone her now, shall we? 我们现在就给她打电话,好吗?

Let’s go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱们去看电影,好吗?

3. 当祈使句为Let us…时,若表示请求,反意疑问句用will you,若表示建议,反意疑问

句用shall we:

Eg: Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?

Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?

【注】let’s…只表示建议,所以其后反意疑问句总是用shall we。而let us…既可表示建议请求,也可表示建议(较正式),其后的反意疑问句要根据这两种不同情况分别使用will you和shall we。

4. 当祈使句带有主语时,有时祈使句带有自己的主语,此时不要将其误认为是陈述句:

Eg: Jim, you go there to help him, will you? 吉姆,你去那儿帮他,好吗?

You girls stand in the front row, will you? 你们女孩子站在前排,好吗?

【注】不要将这类祈使句误认为是陈述句,而误用don’t you这样的反意疑问句。

含情态动词的反意疑问句

1. 基本原则

在通常情况下,当陈述部分含有情态动词时,反意疑问句会重复前面同样的情态动词:Eg: The boy can read and write, can’t he? 这男孩会读写,是吗?

We shouldn’t help him, should we? 我们不应该帮助他,对吗?

You couldn’t lend me any money, could you? 你不会借钱给我,对吗?

2. 当陈述部分含有must时要分两种情况:

(1) 若must表示“必须”或“有必要”,反意疑问句用mustn’t 或needn’t:

You must leave at once, mustn’t [needn’t] you? 他必须(有必要)马上离开,是吗?

但是若陈述部分有mustn’t表示禁止,反意疑问句要must:

Eg: You mustn’t laugh, must you? 你不准笑,知道吗?

(2) 若must表示推测,反意疑问句不能用must,而应根据must后的动词结构采用

相应的动词形式:

Eg: He must be tired, isn’t he? 他一定累了,是吗?

He must have read it, hasn’t [didn’t] he? 他一定读过它,是吗?

He must have left yesterday, didn’t he? 他昨天一定走了,是吗?

【注】当陈述部分为“must+完成式”时,反意疑问句可用have (has),也可用did。但若句中出现了过去时间状语,,则通常用did。(如上例所示)

3. 当陈述部分含有may 时,反意疑问句根据情况可用mayn’t, mightn’t, won’t等:

Eg: I may leave now, mayn’t I? 我可以走了,行吗?

He may be here next week, mightn’t [won’t] he? 他下星期可能来这里,是吗?

4. 当陈述部分含有needn’t时, 反意疑问句通常用need,有时也用must:

Eg: We needn’t tell him, need [must] we? 我们不必告诉他,对吗?

5. 当陈述部分含有ought to时, 反意疑问句在英国英语中用ought to,在美国英语中

用should:

Eg: We ought to leave early, oughtn’t [shouldn’t] we? 我们应该早点动身,对不对?反意疑问句的肯定与否定形式

1. 基本原则

在通常情况下,陈述部分与疑问部分的肯定彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式,陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式:

Eg: He has read the novel, hasn’t he? 他读过这本小说,是吗?

Jim didn’t come to the meeting, did he? 吉姆没有来开会,是吗?

2. 当陈述部分含半否定词时

若陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, nothing, nowhere等否定词或半否定词,其反意疑问句部分要用肯定式:

Eg: Dick rarely got drunk, did he? 迪克很少喝醉,是吗?

Few people like such a man, do they? 很少有人会喜欢那样的人,是吗?

He seldom comes to see you, does he? 他很少来看你,是吗?

Nothing in the book is interesting, is it? 这本书里没有一点是有趣的,是吗? 3. 当陈述部分含否定前缀时,若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,反意疑问句仍用否定

式:

Eg: It is unfair, isn’t it? 这不公平,不是吗?

It is impossible, isn’t it? 那是不可能的,是吗?

4. 同向反意疑问句

同向反意疑问句即陈述部分和疑问部分同时为肯定或同时为否定。这类反意疑问句往往具有一定的感情色彩,表示强调、惊讶、怀疑等:

Eg: "I’m afraid you failed the exam."

"I failed, did I? What a shame!" “你恐怕没考及格。”“没及格?真丢人。”【注】这类反意疑问句的陈述部分句首有时有so或oh:

Eg: So you did not go, didn’t you? 所以你就没去,是不是?

"He’s an artist."

"Oh, he’s an artist, is he?" “他是位艺术家。”“啊,他是艺术家吗?”

英语反意疑问句重点难点归纳:

A. 当陈述部分的主语是I,附加疑问部分一般用aren’t I。

Eg: I am strong and healthy, aren’t I? 我很强健,对吗?

注意:若是用来征询对方的意见时,附加疑问部分用do you。如:

I don’t like that film, do you?

B. 当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等

表示人的复合代词时,附加疑问句中的主语用he, 但口语中多用they。如:

Eg: Nobody wants to go there, does he/do they? 没有人想去那里,是不是?

C. 当陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything, something等表示物的不定代

词时,附加疑问句中的主语用it。如:

Eg:Everything seems all right now, doesn’t it? 似乎一切顺利,是不是?

D. 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时,附加疑问句中的主语

分别用it和they。如:

Eg: This is important, isn’t it? 此事很重要,是不是?

These are your books, aren’t they? 这些是你的书,是不是?

E. 如果陈述部分是以代词one作主语,附加疑问句的主语在正式场合用one,非

正式场合用you,在美国英语中,非正式场合下还可以用he。例如:

Eg: One can’t be too careful, can one/can you? 越仔细越好,对不对?

One should do his duty, shouldn’t he? 每个人都应当尽职,对不对?

F. 当陈述句为there be 结构时,附加疑问句中的主语也用there。如:

Eg: There’s something wrong, isn’t there? 出问题了,是不是?

G.. 当陈述句子中的主语为动词不定式短语、动名词短语或其他短语时,疑问部

分的主语通常用it。例如:

Eg: Learning English well takes a long time, doesn’t it?

学好英语需要很长时间,是不是?

Where to hold the meeting has not been decided, has it?

去哪里开会还没决定,是不是?

H. 陈述部分有neither . . . nor . . . , both . . . and . . . , 连接二个主语,问句部分的

主语常用复数。

Eg: Neither you nor I am wrong, are we? 你我都没错,是吗?

Both Tom and Mary are new here, aren’t they?

汤姆和玛丽是新来的,是不是?

I. 陈述部分带有hardly, seldom, rarely, never, few, little, nowhere, nothing 等否

定词或半否定词时,附加疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如:

Eg: She seldom goes to the cinema, does she? 她很少去看电影,是吗?

J. 如果陈述部分含带有表示否定的前缀或后缀时,附加疑问部分仍用否定形式。如:

Eg: Tom dislikes the book, doesn’t he? 汤姆不喜欢这本书,对不?

She is fearless, isn’t she? 她什么都不怕,对不对?

K. 陈述部分有too . . . to . . . , 表示“太……而不能……”时,疑问句用肯定形式。如:

Eg: He is too excited to say a word, is he? 他兴奋得说不出话来,对吗?

L. 陈述部分用so 开头,疑问句的肯定或否定与陈述句相同,表惊讶、不满或怀疑等情绪。如:

Eg: So you are getting married, are you? 那么说你已结婚了,是吗?

So you don’t want to go with us, don’t you?

那么,你不想和我们一块去,是吗?

M. 当陈述部分的must 表示“必须”时,疑问部分用mustn’t 或needn’t。

若有表示禁止的mustn’t 时,要用must。如:

Eg: I must answer the letter, mustn’t I? 我必须要回这封信,是不是?

You must leave for Beijing next week, needn’t you?

你下周要去北京,对不?

You mustn’t smoke here, must you? 你不得在这抽烟,好吗?

但是,如果must 表示推测时,要根据must 后的动词形式来决定。如:

Eg: He must be at home, isn’t he? 他一定在家,对不对?

You must have made a mistake, haven’t you? 你一定是弄错了,对吗?

They must have seen the film last night, didn’t they?

他们昨晚一定是看了那部电影,对不对?

注:前句含表示推测的must have done,若有already, for two days 等完成时的时间状语时,用haven’t;有last night, yesterday 等明确的过去时

间状语时,用didn’t;若两类时间状语都没有,根据情况用haven’t

或didn’t 都可以。

N. 当陈述部分含有情态动词used to 时,疑问部分可用usedn’t 或didn’t。

Eg: Tom used to live here, usedn’t he/didn’t he? 汤姆过去住在这里,是吗?O. 当陈述部分带有情态动词ought to 时,疑问部分用oughtn’t 或shouldn’t。

Eg: We ought to read this book, oughtn’t /shouldn’t we?

我们应当看看这本书,对不对?

P. 当陈述部分含有had better 时,疑问部分用had。

Eg: You’d better finish your homework first, hadn’t you?

你最好先完成作业,好不好?

Q. 陈述句是I wish…,疑问部分用may I…。如:

I wish to have a chance to learn English, may I? 我希望有机会学英语,可以吗?R. 当陈述部分有表示“所有”的动have(has)时,疑问部分用have 或do 都可以,若不是表示“有”时,只能用do 的某种形式。如:

Eg: You have a car, haven’t/don’t you? 你没有汽车,是不是?

She didn’t have supper yesterday, did she? 她昨天没吃晚饭,是吗?

S. 陈述部分含have to 时,疑问部分多用don’t,间或也用haven’t。如:Eg: Jack has to go there on foot, doesn’t he? 杰克不得不步行去那里,对吗?

We have to get up early, haven’t we? 我们不得不早起,是吗?

注:当have to 被have got to 取代时,疑问部分须用have。如:

Eg: We have got to answer all these questions, haven’t we?

我们得回答所有这些问题,对吗?

T. 在口语和非正式文体中,为了加强语气,只是表示某种惊奇、怀疑、反感、讽刺等感情而并不是为了寻求回答,这时前后两部分的肯定、否定是一致的。如:Eg: Oh, he is a writer, is he? 哦,他是作家,对吗?

You’ll not go, won’t you? 你不去了,对不对?

U. 感叹句后的附加疑问句一般用否定式。如:

Eg: What fine weather, isn’t it? 多好的天气呀,是吗?

How hard she works, doesn’t she? 她工作多第努力呀,对吗?

V. 陈述部分为I think that...如何构成反意疑问句

如果陈述部分为I think that...,那么该如何构成反意问句呢?请看题:

Eg: I don’t think that he cares, __________?

A. do I

B. does, he

C. don’t I

D. doesn’t he

此题应选B。容易误选A。当陈述部分为主从复合句时,其反意问句要注意以下情况:

1. 对于一般的主从复合句,其反意问句通常与主句保持一致。如:

Eg: She says that I did it, doesn’t she? 她说那是我干的,是吗?

He thinks that the price is too high, doesn’t he? 他认为这价格太高了,是吗?

He told you that the meeting would be put off, didn’t he?

他告诉你会议要延期,是吗?

2. 当陈述部分的主句为I think, I suppose, I believe等结构时,反意问句通常与

从句保持一致(注意否定的转移)。如:

Eg: I think that he is wrong, isn’t he? 我认为他错了,是吗(他错了吗)?

I don’t think he likes it, does he? 我认为他不喜欢它,是吗(他喜欢吗)?

注意:有时可见以下特殊形式的问句:I think he is wrong, don’t you? 此句摘自《朗文当代英语词典》,其大意为:我认为他错了,你说呢? 其实此句中的don’t you?

相当于don’t you think so?

以下实例也属类似情况:

Eg: I think she is mad, don’t you?

祈使句如何变为否定句

一、一般情况

一般说来,祈使句的否定是在祈使句首加Don’t。如:

(1) Come here. —Don’t come here. 不要来这儿。

(2) Be angry. —Don’t be angry. 不要生气

二、let型

当祈使句表示邀请或建议(Let’s…) 时,则在Let’s与do之间加not。如:

(1) Let’s talk about it. —Let’s not talk about it. 我们别谈论它吧。

(2) Let’s go swimming there. —Let’s not go swimming there. 我们别去那里游泳吧。

三、无动词型

无动词祈使句的否定:在无动词祈使句的句首加not。如:

(1) Here? —Not here. 不是这里。

(2) Green?—Not green. 不是绿色的。

(3) This one? —Not this one. 不是这个。

祈使句如何变为反意疑问句

一、基本原则

若陈述部分为祈使句,反意问句通常用will you, won't you, would you等。如:

Eg: Mail the letter today, will you? 今天就把信发掉,好吗?

Try to be back by two, won't you? 设法两点之前回来,好吗?

注:若陈述部分为否定式,则反意问句部分只用will you。如:

Eg: Don't forget to post the letter, will you? 请别忘了寄信。

有时根据语境的需要,反意问句也可以用can you, can't you 等:

Eg: Give me some cigarettes, can you? 给我些香烟,可以吗?

Walk faster, can't you? 走快点,不行吗?

二、let型

1. 当祈使句为Let's…时:反意问句总是用shall we。如:

Eg: Let's phone her now, shall we? 我们现在就给她打电话,好吗?

Let's go to the cinema tonight, shall we? 今晚咱们去看电影,好吗?

2. 当祈使句为Let us…时:若表示请求,反意问句用will you;若表示表示建议,

则用shall we。如:

Eg: Let us know your address, will you? 请把你的地址告诉我们,好吗?

Let us go swimming together, shall we? 我们一起去游泳好吗?

注:let's…只表示建议,所以其后反意问句总是用shall we。而let us…既可表示建议请求,也可表示建议(较正式),其后的反意问句要根据这两种不同情况分

别使用will you和shall we。

反意疑问句的肯定与否定形式

1. 基本原则

在通常情况下,陈述部分与疑问部分的肯定彼此相反,即陈述部分为肯定式时,疑问部分用否定式,陈述部分为否定式时,疑问部分用肯定式:

Eg: He has read the novel, hasn’t he? 他读过这本小说,是吗?

Jim didn’t come to the meeting, did he? 吉姆没有来开会,是吗?

2. 当陈述部分含半否定词时

若陈述部分含有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, nothing, nowhere等否定词或半否定词,其反意疑问句部分要用肯定式:

Eg: Dick rarely got drunk, did he? 迪克很少喝醉,是吗?

Few people like such a man, do they? 很少有人会喜欢那样的人,是吗?

He seldom comes to see you, does he? 他很少来看你,是吗?

Nothing in the book is interesting, is it? 这本书里没有一点是有趣的,是吗?

3. 当陈述部分含否定前缀时

若陈述部分含有带否定前缀的词,反意疑问句仍用否定式:

Eg: It is unfair, isn’t it? 这不公平,不是吗?

It is impossible, isn’t it? 那是不可能的,是吗?

4. 同向反意疑问句

同向反意疑问句即陈述部分和疑问部分同时为肯定或同时为否定。这类反意疑问句往往具有一定的感情色彩,表示强调、惊讶、怀疑等:

Eg: "I’m afraid you failed the exam." "I failed, did I? What a shame!" “你恐怕没考及格。”“没及格?真丢人。”

【注】这类反意疑问句的陈述部分句首有时有so或oh:

Eg: So you did not go, didn’t you? 所以你就没去,是不是?

"He’s an artist." "Oh, he’s an artist, is he?" “他是位艺术家。”

“啊,他是艺术家吗?”

最新小学英语一般疑问句讲义

小五英语个性化辅导 第二讲一般疑问句 【知识点:一般疑问句概述】 用Yes或No作答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其基本结构为:be/助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语/表语+(其他) 。一般疑问句还有下列特点: 1、以be动词、助动词或情态动词开头; Eg::Is your father a teacher? Does Catherine like animals? Can Jenny speak French? 2、往往读升调; 3、译成汉语,都可以带上“吗”,例如上面三句可分别译为:你父亲是老师吗?凯瑟琳喜欢 动物吗?詹妮会说法语吗? 【重点】 一、将陈述句变成一般疑问句? 要将陈述句变成一般疑问句,可以遵循下列步骤: 1.看句中有没有be动词(am、is、are、was、were)、助动词(do、does、did、 have、had)或情态动词(can、must、will、may等),如果有,将其提到句首,句末打上问号可。 eg:It was rainy yesterday. →Was it rainy yesterday? Tom's father can play the piano. →Can Tom's father play the piano? I have finished my homework. →Have you finished your homework? 2.如果句中没有be动词、助动词或情态动词,则根据谓语动词的形式借助do的相应形式放在句首。具体方法是:如果谓语动词是原形,则借do;如果谓语动词是一般现在时第

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Can he swim? 他会游泳吗? 二. 否定的一般疑问句。 Can't he drive? 他不是会开车吗? Can he not drive? 他不会开车吗? Isn't Kate a student? 凯特难道不是学生吗? Is Kate not a student? 凯特不是学生吗? Hasn't the rain stopped yet? 难道雨还没有停吗? Has the rain stopped yet? 雨还没停吗? 三. 回答否定形式的一般疑问句的注意事项: Isn't she very intelligent? 她难道不是很聪明吗? Yes, she is. 是的,她很聪明。 Is he not a student? 他不是学生吗?

Yes, he is. 不,他是学生。(错误的答语:No, he is.) 小窍门:在回答的时候,只要把它当成没有加以否定形式的普通一般疑问句一样看待。 选择疑问句 选择疑问句提出两个或两个以上可能的答案供对方选择。这类疑问句由两部分组成: (一般疑问句)供选择的第一个部分 + 供选择的另一个部分 + ? Do you like to play football or basketball? 你喜欢踢足球还是打篮球? Shall we walk, or shall we go by bus? 咱们步行去,还是乘公共汽车去? Do you prefer apples, or pears, or plums, or cherries?

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英语一般疑问句用法总结 1. 基本用法及结构 一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问,通常可用yes和no来回答,读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+主语+谓语(表语)”: Is he interested in going? 他有兴趣去吗? Have you ever been to Japan? 你到过日本吗? Does she often have colds? 她常常感冒吗? Did you ask her which to buy? 你问没问她该买哪一个? 2. 陈述句变一般疑问句的方法 (1) 动词be的否定式。动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am, is, are, was, were等不同形式,可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首: Am I right? 我是对的吗? Are you feeling better today? 你今天感到好些了吗? Was he late for school? 他上学迟到了吗? (2) 动词have的疑问式。动词have根据不同的时态和人称可以有have, has, had等形式,可以用作实意动词和助动词,分以下情况讨论:

①用作实意动词表示状态,如表示拥有、患病或用于have to 表示“必须”等,在构成构成式时可以直接将have, has, had置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do, does, did: Does he have [Has he] anything to say? 他有什么话要说吗? Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon? 你必须这么早走吗? Did you have [Had you] any friends then? 他当时有朋友吗? ②用作实意动词表示动作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drin k)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将have提前至句首,而应在句首使用do, does, did: Does he have breakfast at home? 他在家吃早餐吗? Did you have a good time at the party? 你在晚会上玩得高兴吗? ③用作助动词构成完成时态,其疑问式总是将have等置于句首: Have you finished your work? 你的工作做完了吗? Has he left when you arrived? 你到达时他已离开了吗? (3) 情态动词的疑问式。情态动词的疑问式通常是将情态动词置于句首: Can you speak English? 你会说英语吗?

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将下列句子改成一般疑问句:并做肯定回答和否定回答1. It is a lovely dog. is lovely girl. 3. He is my father. 4. They are Lily’s cousins. 5. We are classmates. 6. I am a doctor. 7. There is a bird in the tree. 8. There are many stars in the sky. 9. They are good friends. 10. I love my parents. 11. I play computer games every night. 12. There are many books on the shelf. 13. There was an ostrich in the zoo. 14. We have a pleasant home. 15. We like to climb the mountain. 16. They go to church on Sunday. 17. They walk to school every morning. 18. It is a beautiful park. 19. It is a big map. 20. You were a singer.

有be(is , am, are)的就be+not 没有Be的就在主语的前面+do not或does not 把肯定句改为疑问句就是有be的就把be提到前面来, 没有be的就在句首加do或does Eg: I am a teacher. ----I am not a teacher. She likes does not like singing. You are you ten? They get up at seven o’ Do they get up at seven o’clock? 以be 开头的一般问句用yes , I am / No I’m not ….根据主语回答Eg: Is He a doctor? Yes ,he is./No he isn’t. Are they /you/ we late? Yes ,they/ you/we are No,they /you/we are not. 英语陈述句变一般疑问句练习题 ? 1. His father is an English teacher. 2. These cats are crying. 3. They can swim. 4. I like to read English. 5. I go to school on foot. 6. He likes English. 7. His father goes to work by bus.

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No I don't Can you speak French﹖ Yes I can No I can't May I go home now﹖ yes you may No you mustn't 将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be动词(am is are …)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如: I'm in Class 2 Grade 1 Are you in Class 2 Grade 1? We're watching TV Are you watching TV﹖ 陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如: He can swim now Can he swim now﹖

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一般疑问句 一、不用疑问词,但需要用yes或no回答的疑问句,叫一般疑问句。句末用问号“?”。 一般疑问句的基本用法及结构一般疑问句用于对某一情况提出疑问,通常可用yes和no来回答,读时用升调。其基本结构是“be / have / 助动词+ 主语+谓语(表语)”: Is he interested in going?他有兴趣去吗? Have you ever been to Japan?你到过日本吗? Does she often have colds?她常常感冒吗? Did you ask her which to buy?你问没问她该买哪一个? 二、陈述句变一般疑问句的方法 1. 动词be的疑问式:动词be根据不同的时态和人称可以有am, is, are,was, were等不同形式,可用作连系动词(表示“是”、“在”等)和助动词(用于构成进行时态和被动语态等),但不管何种情况,构成疑问式时,一律将动词be的适当形式置于句首:句型:Be动词+主语~? Is your father angry?你父亲生气了吗? Yes,he is.是的,他生气了。 No,he isn't.不,他没生气。 Were the babies crying last night?(进行时) 昨天晚上这些孩子们一直在哭吗? Yes,they were.是的,他们在哭。 No,they weren't.不,他们没哭。 Is English spoken all over the world?(被动语态) 全世界都说英语吗? Yes,it is.是的。 No,it isn't.不。

2. 动词have的疑问式:动词have根据不同的时态和人称可以有have,has, had等形式,可以用作实意动词和助动词,分以下情况讨论: ①用作实意动词表示状态,如表示拥有、患病或用于have to表示“必须”等,在构成构成式时可以直接将have, has, had置于句首,也可根据情况在句首使用do, does, did: Does he have [Has he] anything to say?他有什么话要说吗? Do you have [Have you] to leave so soon?你必须这么早走吗? Did you have [Had you] any friends then?他当时有朋友吗? ②用作实意动词表示动作,如表示“吃(=eat)”、“喝(=drink)”、“拿(=take)”、“收到(=receive)”、“度过(=spend)”等,构成疑问式时不能将have提前至句首,而应在句首使用do, does, did: Does he have breakfast at home?他在家吃早餐吗? Did you have a good time at the party?你在晚会上玩得高兴吗? ③完成时的一般疑问句 句型:Have(Has)+主语+动词的过去分词+~? Have you known her since your childhood? 你从童年就认识她吗? Yes,I have.是的。 No,I haven't.不。 过去完成时的一般疑问句 句型:Had +主语+动词的过去分词+~? Had he learned about two thousand English words before he came here? 他来这里以前就已经学了大约两千个单词了吗? Yes,he had.是的。 No,he hadn't.不。

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初一反义疑问句 【反义疑问句】 (一)概念:反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问,起证实作用,一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。 (二)要点注意: 1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是:“肯定陈述+否定疑问”或“否定陈述+肯定疑问”。 2、简略问句如果是否定式:not应与be,do,will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。 3、简略问句的主语不用名词,应用人称代词。 4、陈述部分含“too...to”时,是否定句。 (三)用法: 1) 陈述部分I am时,疑问部分要用 aren't I. I'm as tall as your sister,aren't I (我和你姐姐一样高,对吗) 2) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含义的词时,疑问部分用肯定含义。如: The old man made no answer, did he Jim is never late for school, is he 3) 陈述部分有情态动词 have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we used to,疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。 He used to take pictures there, didn't he / usedn't he had better(最好) + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you 4) 陈述部分有would rather(宁可、宁愿) +v.,疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。 He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he 5 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。 You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you 6) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。 Everything is ready, isn't it 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等,疑问部分常用复数they,有时也用单数he. Everyone knows the answer, don't they (doesn’t he) Nobody knows about it, do they (does he) 7) think引导的宾语从句: A.主语是第一人称 I don't think he is bright, is he We believe she can do it better, can't she B. 如果主语不是第一人称则疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句 He thought they were wrong, didn't he (不能说weren't they) 8) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。 Don't do that again, will you Go with me, will you / won't you

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