SSPC SP11中英文对照
SSPC-SP 11
November 1, 1987
Editorial Revisions November 1, 2004
SSPC-SP 11
1987年11月1日
编辑修订于2004年11月1日
SSPC SP11 Power Tool Cleaning to Bare Metal
SSPC SP11动力工具清理到裸露金属
1. Scope
1.范围
1.1 This standard covers the requirements for power tool cleaning to produce a bare metal surface and to retain or produce a minimum 25 micrometer (1.0 mil) surface profile.
1.1 本标准涵盖了使用动力工具清理的要求，此要求为产生裸露金属表面并保留或形成最低25微米（1.0密耳）的表面粗糙度。
1.2 This standard is suitable where a roughened, clean, bare metal surface is required, but where abrasive blasting is not feasible or permissible (see Notes 10.1 and 10.2).
1.2 本标准适用于粗糙的，干净的，裸露的金属表面，但磨料喷砂清理不可行或不允许的场合（见注释10.1和10.2）。
1.3 This standard differs from SSPC-SP 3, Power Tool Cleaning, in that SSPC-SP 3 requires only the removal of loosely adherent materials and does not require producing or retaining a surface profile.
1.3 本标准不同于SSPC-SP 3，动力工具清洗，SSPC-SP 3只需要去除松散的粘附材料，并不需要产生或保留一个特定表面粗糙度。
1.4 This standard differs from SSPC-SP 15, Commercial Grade Power Tool Cleaning, in that SP 15 allows stains of rust, paint, or mill scale to remain on the surface, SP 11 only allows materials to remain at the bottom of pits.
1.4 本标准不同于SSPC-SP 15，商业级动力工具打磨标准，在SP 15中允许锈迹，油漆，或轧制铁鳞留在表面，而SP 11只允许这些残留在腐蚀麻坑的底部。
2. Definition
2.定义
2.1 A steel surface cleaned with power tools to bare metal, when viewed without magnification, shall be free of all visible oil, grease, dirt, dust, rust, paint, oxides, mill scale, corrosion products, and other foreign matter. Slight residues of rust and paint may be left in the lower portion of pits if the original surface is pitted (see
Notes 10.3 and 10.4).
2.1 钢铁表面通过动力工具清理到裸露金属，此时不使用放大观看，应无可见的油迹，油脂，污垢，灰尘，铁锈，油漆，氧化物，轧制铁鳞，腐蚀产物和其他异物。如果原始的表面有腐蚀麻坑，轻微铁锈和油漆可以残留在腐蚀麻坑的底部（见注释10.3和10.4）。
2.2 Acceptable variations in appearance that do not affect surface cleanliness as defined in Section 2.1 include variations caused by type of steel, original surface condition, thickness of the steel, weld metal, mill or fabrication marks, heat treating, heat affected zones, or the use of a variety of power tools.
2.2 在2.1中所定义的不影响表面清洁程度的，可接受的外观变化包括由以下原因所引起的变化：钢铁的类型，原始的表面状态，钢铁的厚度，焊接的金属，打磨或制造的标记，热处理，热影响区，或使用其他各种动力工具。
2.3 The surface profile roughness shall be a minimum of 25 micrometers (1.0 mil), as measured in accordance with Method C of ASTM D 4417 or other mutually agreed-upon method (see Notes 10.5, 10.6, and 10.7). The peaks and valleys on the surface shall form a continuous pattern with no smooth, unprofiled, spots in between.
2.3 表面粗糙度应为最低25微米（1.0密耳），测量方法依据ASTM D 4417中的方法C，或其他双方商定的方法（见注释10.5，10.6和10.7）。波峰和波谷应形成一个连续的形态，之间不可存在不平滑、无粗糙度和斑点。
2.4 Immediately prior to paint application, the surface shall comply with the degree of cleaning specified herein.
2.4 施工油漆之前，表面应符合本规定的清洁程度。
3. Surface Preparation Power Tools and Media
3. 表面处理的动力工具和材料
3.1 SURFACE CLEANING POWER TOOLS: Any tool on which the media described in Section 3.3 can be properly mounted and used to produce the required surface profile is acceptable. These tools may or may not alter or destroy the existing surface profile.
3.1 表面清理动力工具：任何工具，能在其上正确安装3.3中所描述的材料并用于产生所需的表面粗糙度，都是可以接受的。这些工具可能会或可能不会改变或破坏现有的表面粗糙度。
3.2 IMPACT AND OTHER PROFILE PRODUCING POWER TOOLS: Any tool on which the media of Section 3.4 can be properly mounted and used to produce the required surface profile is acceptable.
3.2 撞击及其他产生表面粗糙度的动力工具：任何工具，能在其上正确安装3.4中所描述的材料并用于产生所需的表面粗糙度，都是可以接受的。
3.3 SURFACE CLEANING MEDIA: The media used to clean the surface shall consist of the following:
3.3 表面清理的材料：用于表面清理的材料包括以下内容：
3.3.1 Non-woven abrasive wheels and discs constructed of a non-woven synthetic fiber web material of continuous undulated filaments impregnated with an abrasive grit.
3.3.1 无纺布砂轮由非织造合成纤维材料构成，此材料由含有磨料颗粒的连续波浪型细纤维丝制造。
3.3.2 Coated abrasive discs (sanding pads), coated abrasive flap wheels, coated abrasive bands, or other coated abrasive devices capable of running on power tools.
3.3.2 涂覆磨料的磨盘（砂垫），涂覆磨料的叠层抛光轮，涂覆磨料带，或其他可在动力工具上使用的涂覆磨料的装置。
3.3.3 Other materials that produce the requirements of Sections 2.1 through 2.3.
3.3.3 通过2.3的测量方法达到2.1中要求的其他材料。
3.3.4 A list of suitable types of media is found in Note 10.8.
3.3.4 注释10.8列表中所包含的合适的材料类型。
3.4 IMPACT AND PROFILE PRODUCING MEDIA: The media used to produce a surface profile shall consist of the following:
3.4 撞击及产生表面粗糙度的材料：用于产生表面粗糙度的材料包括以下内容：3.
4.1 Rotary impact flap assembly: Flaps of a flexible loop construction with abrasive media bonded to the peening surfaces of each of the stud’s fastened to the loop.
3.4.1 旋转撞击拍打装置：旋转拍打，装置外侧的锤头表面黏合打磨材料。
3.4.2 Needle gun: A bundle of steel needles (actually chisels) is mounted in front of a piston that strikes them several times per second and pushes them against the surface being cleaned.
3.4.2 针枪：一束钢针（凿子）安装在一个活塞的前部，活塞每秒数次推动钢针束撞击正在清理的表面。
3.4.3 Cutter bundles consist of a number of carbon steel or tungsten carbide cutter assemblies that abrade a coating when rotated against a surface.
3.4.3 刀束由一些碳钢或钨碳合金刀具装配而成，当旋转撞击表面时打磨涂层。3.4.4 Hammer (flailer) assemblies consist of a number of carbon steel fingers that abrade a coating when rotated against a surface.
3.4.4 锤（连枷）组件由一些手指状碳钢材料装配而成，当旋转撞击表面时打磨涂层。
3.4.5 Suitable tools and media that produce the profile requirements of Section 2.3 are listed in Note 10.8. Guidance in the operation of power tools is given in Note 10.9.
3.4.5 注释10.8列出了用来产生2.3中所需表面粗糙度的适合的工具和材料。注释10.9给出了动力工具的操作指导。
4. Referenced Standards
4. 参考标准
4.1 The latest issue, revision, or amendment of the referenced standards in effect on the date of invitation to bid shall govern unless otherwise specified. Standards marked with an asterisk (*) are referenced only in the Notes, which are not requirements of this standard.
4.1 除非另有规定，自生效之日开始，使用发行，修订，或改正的参考标准的最新版本。标有星号（*）的标准只在附注中引用，不是本标准的要求。
4.2 If there is a conflict between the requirements of any of the cited reference standards and this standard, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
4.2 如果所引用的参考标准和本标准在要求上有任何冲突，以本标准的要求为准。
4.3 SSPC STANDARDS:
2 Measurement of Dry Coating Thickness with Magnetic Gages * PA
* PA Guide 4 Guide to Maintenance Repainting with Oil Base or Alkyd
Painting Systems
1 Solvent Cleaning
SP
SP
3 Power Tool Cleaning
SP 15 Commercial Grade Power Tool Cleaning
* VIS 3 Guide and Reference Photographs for Steel Surfaces
Prepared by Power- and Hand-Tool Cleaning
4.3 SSPC标准：
* PA 2 磁性干涂层厚度测量器
* PA 指南4 重涂油基或醇酸树脂油漆系统的维护指南
1 溶剂清洗
SP
3 动力工具清洁
SP
SP 15 商业级动力工具打磨标准
*VIS 3 钢材表面使用动力和手动工具进行表面清理的指导和参考图片
4.4 ASTM INTERNATIONAL STANDARD:
D 4417 Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface
Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel
4.4 ASTM国际标准：
D 4417 喷砂清理钢材的表面粗糙度的现场测量的标准测试方法
5. Procedure Prior to Power Tool Cleaning
5. 动力工具清理之前的操作流程
5.1 Prior to power tool cleaning, visible deposits of oil, grease, or other materials that may interfere with coating adhesion shall be removed in accordance with SSPC-SP 1 or other agreed-upon methods. Nonvisible surface contaminants such as soluble salts shall be treated to the extent specified by the procurement documents [project specifications] (see Notes 10.10, 10.11, and 10.15).
5.1可见的油迹、油脂或其他材料的沉积可能会干扰涂层附着力，在动力工具清理前，应按照SSPC-SP1或其他商定的方法除去。不可见表面污染物，如可溶性盐类，应按照采购文件[项目规格]中指定的方法处理至指定程度（见注释10.10，10.11和10.15）。
5.2 Surface imperfections such as sharp fins, sharp edges, weld spatter, or burning slag shall be removed from the surface to the extent specified by the procurement documents [project specifications] (see Note 10.12).
5.2 表面缺陷，如鳍尖、锐边、焊接飞溅或烧渣，应按照采购文件[项目规格]中指定的方法从表面清除至指定程度（见注释10.12）。
6. Power Tool Cleaning Methods
6. 动力工具清理方法
6.1 Any method or combination of methods of surface preparation may be used to achieve a bare metal power tool cleaned surface. The surface produced shall meet the requirements of Sections 2.1and 2.3 (see Notes 10.8, 10.13, and 10.14).
6.1可以用于实现裸露金属程度的动力工具清理表面的任何方法或几种方法的组合。所产生的表面应当应符合2.1和2.3中的要求（见注释10.8 10.13，和10.14）。
6.2 Other methods of surface preparation may be used to achieve a bare metal power tool cleaned surface by mutual agreement between the contracting parties.
6.2 缔约双方都同意的，可以用于实现裸露金属程度的动力工具清理表面的其他处理方法。
6.3 Regardless of the method used for cleaning, if specified in the procurement documents for touch up work, feather the edges of remaining old paint so that the repainted surface can have a reasonably smooth appearance.
6.3 无论使用何种清理方法，如果在采购文件中指定润色工作，则羽化保留的旧涂层的边缘，以便重涂的表面能有一个合理平滑的外观。
7. Procedures Following Power Tool Surface Preparation
7. 动力工具表面处理的伴随程序
7.1 Power tool prepared surfaces shall meet the requirements of this standard at the time of painting. Prior to painting, remove all visible deposits of oil and grease by any of the methods specified in SSPC-SP 1. (See Note 10.9.3 for information on oil contamination.) Remove dirt, dust, or similar contaminants from the surface.
Acceptable methods include brushing, blowing- off with oil free, clean, dry compressed air; vacuum cleaning; wiping with a clean dry cloth; or other methods agreed upon by the contracting parties.
7.1 在涂装时，动力工具处理的表面应符合本标准的要求。涂装前，使用SSPC-SP 1中指定的任何方法去除所有可见的油迹和油脂的沉积。（关于油类污染物的信息参见注释10.9.3。）从表面去除污垢、灰尘或类似的污染物。可接受的方法包括用刷子刷；用无油、清洁、干燥的压缩空气吹；真空清洗；用干净的干布擦；或缔约各方商定的其他方法。
8. Inspection
8. 检查
8.1 Surfaces prepared under this standard are subject to timely inspection by the purchaser or his authorized representative. The contractor shall correct such work as is found defective under this standard. In case of dispute, the arbitration or settlement procedure established in the procurement documents shall be followed. If no arbitration or settlement procedure is established, then a procedure mutually agreeable to purchaser and contractor shall be used.
8.1 依照此标准处理的表面的清洁程度以采购方或其授权代表及时检查的结果为准。对于根据此标准发现的有缺陷的工作，承包者应当予以纠正。在有争议时，应当遵循采购文件中设立的仲裁或解决程序。如果没有设立仲裁或解决程序，那么应当使用购买者和承包者双方都同意的程序。
8.2 The procurement documents covering work or purchase shall establish the responsibility for testing and for any required affidavit certifying full compliance with the standard.
8.2 为了测试和证明能完全符合此标准的要求，包含工程或购买的采购文件应当明确责任。
9. Disclaimer
9. 免责声明
9.1 While every precaution is taken to ensure that all information furnished in SSPC standards and specifications is as accurate, complete, and useful as possible, SSPC cannot assume responsibility nor incur any obligation resulting from the use of any materials, coatings, or methods specified herein, or of the pacification or standard itself.
9.1 虽然采取一切预防措施，以确保在SSPC标准和规格中的所有信息尽可能的准确、完整和有用，但对于使用任何材料、涂料或此处指定的方法，或规格，或标准本身所造成的结果，SSPC不承担任何责任，也不承担任何义务。
9.2 This standard does not attempt to address problems concerning safety associated with its use. The user of this standard, as well as the user of all products or practices described herein, is responsible for instituting appropriate
health and safety practices and for ensuring compliance with all governmental regulations.
9.2 本标准并不试图解决关于使用中的安全问题。本标准的用户，以及使用此处描述的所有产品或做法的用户，有责任制定适当的健康和安全行为规范，并为确保符合所有政府法规负责。
10. Notes
10. 附注
Notes are not requirements of this standard.
附注不是本标准的要求
10.1 FUNCTION: The type of power tool surface preparation described in this standard removes tightly adherent material, producing a surface that is free from rust, mill scale, and old coatings. The surface must also have a minimum 25 micrometer (1 mil) surface profile. Power tool cleaning to bare metal produces a greater degree of cleaning than SSPC-SP 3, which does not remove adherent material, and SSPC-SP 15, which allows visible stains on 33% of each unit area. Power tool cleaning to bare metal may be considered for coatings that require a very clean surface. The added surface preparation costs, compared to SSPC-SP 15, should be justified by the expected increase in coating performance.
10.1 作用：本标准中描述的动力工具表面处理的形式，指的是去除紧密黏附的物质，产生一个没有铁锈、轧制铁鳞和旧涂层的表面。还必须有一个不低于25微米（1密尔）表面粗糙度。动力工具清理至裸露金属可以产生比SSPC-SP 3和SSPC-SP 15更好的清洁程度，在SSPC-SP 3中不要求去除黏附物质，在SSPC-SP 15中允许每单位面积残留33%的可见污渍。动力工具清理至裸露金属后可以认为为涂装作好了准备，而涂装施工需要一个非常干净的表面。相比于SSPC-SP 15，由于可以预期的涂装性能的提升，SSPC-SP 11所增加的表面处理成本是合理的。
This standard is suitable where a roughened, cleaned surface is required, but where abrasive blasting is not feasible or permissible. The surfaces prepared according to this standard should not be compared to surfaces cleaned by abrasive blast cleaning. Although this method produces surfaces that resemble SSPC-SP 5 (white metal), with the exception of material allowed in pits, they are not necessarily equivalent to those surfaces produced by abrasive blast cleaning. The contracting parties should agree on the appropriateness of the finished surface to accept the specified coating system. Selection of power tools and cleaning media should be based on (1) the condition of the surface prior to surface preparation; (2) the extent of cleaning that is required; and (3) the surface profile required
本标准适用于要求粗糙、干净的金属表面，但喷砂清理不可行或不允许的场合。按照此标准处理的表面不应该与喷砂处理的表面进行对比。虽然除了此表面允许材料的腐蚀麻坑外，这种方法产生类似于SSPC-SP 5（出白金属）的表面，但是他们并不一定等同于那些喷砂清理产生的表面。对于已经处理完工的将要涂覆指定涂层系
统的表面，缔约各方应当在此表面清洁度的适当程度上达成一致。选择动力工具和清洁材料应基于以下条件（1）表面处理前的表面状况（2）所需要的清洁程度（3）表面粗糙度要求。
10.2 MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR PAINTING: When this standard is used in maintenance painting, specific instructions should be given on the extent of surface to be power tool cleaned or spot cleaned. SSPC-PA Guide 4 provides a description for retaining old sound paint, removing unsound paint, feathering, and spot cleaning.
10.2 维护和修理涂层：当此标准是用在维护涂层时，对于动力工具清理或局部清理的表面程度要有具体的指示。SSPC-PA 指南4提供了有关保留旧的完好的涂层、清除不健全涂层、羽化和局部清理的描述。
10.3 VISUAL STANDARDS: Note that the use of visual standards in conjunction with this standard is required only when they are specified in the procurement documents (project specification) covering the work. It is recommended, however, that the use of visual standards be made mandatory in the procurement documents.
10.3 目测标准：注意，只有当采购文件（项目规格）所涵盖的工作指时定，才需要使用此标准所关联的目测标准。但是，建议在采购文件中强制使用目测标准。SSPC-VIS 3 provides a suitable comparative visual standard for SSPC-SP 3, SSPC-SP 11, and SSPC-SP 15. Visual standards for blast-cleaned steel are not suitable for assessing surfaces power tool cleaned to bare metal. Because power tool cleaning is a time and effort-sensitive method of cleaning, it is advisable to prepare a 5 to 9 m2 (50 to 100 ft2) test area to an acceptable level agreed upon by the contracting parties, and cover it with a clear lacquer to save it as a standard during the power tool cleaning operation. A 30 x 30 cm (12 x 12 inch) steel test plate can also be power tool cleaned to an acceptable level and sealed to serve as a project standard. Alternatively, such a field standard could be protected with a volatile corrosion inhibitor, tablet or impregnated paper, with or without a desiccant, and kept in a sealed plastic bag. This would permit examination of the surface profile.
SSPC-VIS 3为SSPC-SP 3、SSPC-SP 11和SSPC-SP 15提供了一个合适的目测标准。喷砂处理的目测标准不适合用来评估动力工具表面清理至裸露金属。由于动力工具清理是一个时间和投入程度敏感的清理方法，因此在动力工具清理期间，最好准备一个5至9平方米（50至100平方英尺）的测试区，处理至缔约各方都接受的水平，并覆盖透明亮漆作为标准保存。一块30 × 30厘米（12 × 12英寸）的钢板也可以通过动力工具清理至可接受水平并密封，作为项目的标准样板。另外，这样一个标准区域可以通过挥发性腐蚀抑制剂，片剂或浸渍纸，使用或不使用干燥剂和保存在一个密封的塑料袋的方法，进行保护。这样可以检查表面粗糙度。
10.4 INACCESSIBLE AREAS: Because of the shape and configuration of the power tools themselves, some areas of a structure may be inaccessible for
cleaning. These areas include surfaces close to bolt heads, inside corners, and areas with limited clearance. Areas that are inaccessible by this method of surface preparation should be cleaned using an alternative method. Because the alternative method may result in a different degree of surface cleanliness and surface profile, the contracting parties should agree upon the alternative method before starting the project.
10.4 无法到达的区域：由于形状和动力工具本身的结构，构件的某些区域可能无法进行清理。这些区域包括：接近螺栓头的表面，内部的角落，和有限空间的区域。通过这种表面处理方法无法清理的区域应该采用其他方法进行清理。由于替代方法可能会导致不同的表面洁净度和表面粗糙度，在项目开始之前缔约各方应在替代方法上达成一致。
10.5 MEASUREMENT OF SURFACE PROFILE. Surface profile comparators and other visual or tactile gages used for abrasive blast cleaning are not suitable for measuring profile produced by power tools because of the differences in appearance. The appearance of a profile resulting from power tool cleaning is different from the appearance of a profile created by abrasive blast cleaning. Because of the limitations in compressibility of the emulsion film, even very smooth surfaces will give readings of 13 micrometers (0.5 mils) or greater using the replica tape. The contracting parties may agree to measure profile with a mechanical or a digital profile gage.
10.5 表面粗糙度的测量。因为在外观上的差异，在喷砂处理上所使用的表面粗糙度对比仪和其他目测或接触式测量工具并不适用于测量动力工具清理后产生的表面粗糙度。动力工具清理所形成的粗糙度外观不同于喷砂处理形成的粗糙度外观。由于乳胶薄膜压缩性的限制，使用这种复制胶带甚至在非常光滑的表面也会有13微米（0.5密耳）或更大的测量读数。缔约各方可以同意通过机械式或数字式的粗糙度测量仪进行测量。
10.6 PROFILE: The type of power tools to be used depends upon whether an acceptable profile exists on the surface to be cleaned. The ability of the various types of media to produce a profile or to preserve an existing profile is limited. The media of Section 3.3 produce a profile of approximately 13 micrometers (0.5 mils), whereas the media of Section 3.4 may produce a profile of 25 micrometers (1 mil) or more. The profile depends on the abrasive embedded in the rotary flaps or the diameter and sharpness of the needles. Impact tools may produce sharp edges or cut into the base metal if not used properly.
10.6 粗糙度：所使用的动力工具的类型取决于是否在被清理的表面形成一个可接受的粗糙度。各种不同类型材料产生粗糙度或保留现有粗糙度的能力都是有限的。3.3中的材料产生大约13微米（0.5密耳）的粗糙度，而3.4中的材料可以产生25微米（1密尔）或更高的粗糙度。粗糙度的大小取决于旋转锤头或外圈嵌入的磨料和针的尖锐程度。如果没有正确使用，撞击工具可能会产生锐边或切割进金属底材。
It is important to determine whether the profile requirements for the specified coating system can be met by this power tool cleaning method of surface
preparation.
确定表面处理所用到的动力工具清理方法是否能满足指定涂层对表面粗糙度的要求是非常重要的。
10.7 FILM THICKNESS: It is essential that ample coating be applied after power tool cleaning to adequately cover SSPC-SP 11 the peaks of the surface profile. The dry film thickness above the peaks of the profile should equal the thickness known to be needed for the desired protection. If the dry film thickness over the peaks is inadequate according to contract documents or manufacturer’s specifications, premature rust-through or failure will occur. To assure that coating thickness is properly measured, the procedures in SSPC-PA 2 should be used. 10.7 漆膜厚度：在动力工具清理后施工充足的涂料，用于充分覆盖粗糙度的波峰是重要的。波峰以上的干膜厚度应该等于已知的、为实现想要的防护能力所需要的厚度。如果波峰以上的干膜厚度没有达到合同文件或制造商的规定，会发生过早的锈穿或失效。为了确保涂层厚度的正确测量，应使用SSPC-PA 2中的程序。
10.8 SUITABLE TOOLS AND MEDIA: The items identified in the text of this standard are intended solely to guide the user to typical types of equipment and media that are available to meet the specification. The items mentioned do not include all of the tools or products available, nor does their mention constitute an endorsement by SSPC.
? Rotary impact cleaning using a rotary tool and rotary peening flaps
? Rotary impact cleaning using a rotary tool and cutter bundle
? Needle guns
? Right angle sanders with abrasive discs or wheels
? Right angle sanders with non-woven abrasive discs or wheels
? Straight shaft grinders with non-woven abrasive discs or wheels
? Hammer assemblies
10.8 合适的工具和材料：此标准的原文中所认同的项目纯粹是对用户在设备和材料的典型类型方面进行指导，这些设备和材料可以用于满足规范的要求。所提及的项目不包括所有可用的工具或产品，也没有构成SSPC支持认可。
? 使用旋转工具和旋转锤头拍打的旋转撞击清理
? 使用旋转工具和刀束的旋转撞击清理
? 针枪
? 使用磨料盘或磨料轮的直角打磨器
? 使用无纺布磨料盘或无纺布磨料轮的直角打磨器
? 使用无纺布磨料盘或无纺布磨料轮的直轴磨床
? 锤组件
10.9 OPERATION OF TOOLS: Prior to operation of tools, read the manufacturer’s instructions. Additional information on the operation of power tools can be found in the SSPC Painting Manual, Volume 1 - Good Painting Practice.
10.9 工具的操作：操作工具之前，阅读制造商的指导书。欲了解更多有关动力工具的操作可以查看SSPC涂装手册，第1卷-良好的涂装。
10.9.1 Observe the recommended operating speed (ROS). The maximum operating speed (MOS) does not necessarily give the most effective cleaning. 10.9.1 观察推荐的工作速度（ROS）。最高运行速度（MOS）不一定提供最有效的清理。
10.9.2 The rotational speed (RPM) rating of some power tools and the cleaning media may not be compatible and could result in physical injury to the operator or persons in the immediate area.
10.9.2 一些动力工具的转速（RPM）和清洁材料可能不匹配，可造成操作者或附近区域人员的身体伤害。
10.9.3 When air driven tools are used, the exhaust could contain oil and/or moisture that could easily contaminate the recently prepared surface.
10.9.3 当使用气动工具时，排气可能会含有油和/或湿气，这样很容易污染最近清理过的表面。
10.9.4 The media used on power tools have a finite life. They should be replaced when they do not produce the specified profile.
10.9.4 动力工具上使用的材料的使用寿命是有限的。当不能产生指定粗糙度时，应该更换这些材料。
10.10 CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION: Steel contaminated with soluble salts (i.e., chlorides and sulfates) develops rustback rapidly at intermediate and high humidities. These soluble salts can be present on the steel surface prior to cleaning as a result of atmospheric contamination. In addition, contaminants can be deposited on the steel surface during cleaning whenever the media are contaminated. Therefore, rust-back can be minimized by removing these salts from the steel surface, preferably before power tool cleaning, and eliminating sources of recontamination during and after power tool cleaning. Identification of the contaminants along with their concentrations may be obtained from laboratory or field tests.
10.10 化学污染：在中等和高湿度环境下，可溶性盐（例如氯化物和硫酸盐）所造成的钢材污染会导致快速的回锈。这些可溶性盐类，在动力工具清理之前，作为大气污染会出现在钢材表面。此外，当清理材料被污染时，污染物会在清理过程中沉积到钢材表面。因此，最好在动力工具清理之前，从钢材表面去除这些盐分，并且在清理期间和之后消除二次污染源，这样可以最大程度减少回锈。通过试验室或现场测试可以鉴定污染物及其浓度。
10.11 RUST-BACK: Rust-back (rerusting) occurs when freshly cleaned steel is exposed to conditions of high humidity, moisture, contamination, or a corrosive atmosphere. The time interval between power tool cleaning and rust-back will vary greatly from one environment to another. Under mild ambient conditions, it is best to clean and coat a surface the same day. Severe conditions may require coating more quickly, while for exposure under controlled conditions, the coating
time may be extended. Under no circumstances should the steel be permitted to rust-back before painting, regardless of time elapsed.
10.11 回锈：当刚清理后的钢材暴露在高湿度条件下、水汽、污染物环境或腐蚀性大气中时，会发生回锈（再次生锈）。在不同环境下，从动力工具清理结束到产生回锈的时间间隔会有很大差异。在温和的环境条件下，最好是清理和涂装在同一天进行。严苛环境下可能需要更快速进行涂装，而暴露在受控制的环境条件下，涂装的时间可以延长。在任何情况下，无论经过多少时间，都不允许钢材在涂装前产生回锈。
10.12 SURFACE IMPERFECTIONS: Surface imperfections can cause premature failure when the environment is severe. Generally, coatings tend to pull away from sharp edges and projections, leaving little or no coating to protect the underlying steel. Other features that are difficult for a coating to properly cover and protect include crevices, weld porosity, laminations, etc. The high cost of methods to remedy the surface imperfections requires weighing the benefits of edge rounding, weld spatter removal, etc., versus a potential coating failure.
10.12 表面缺陷：当环境严苛时，表面缺陷可能会导致过早的涂层失效。一般来说，涂料倾向于离开锐边和突出部分，只留下很少有或根本无涂层去保护锐边和突出部分下面的钢材。其他难以覆盖和保护的部分包括裂缝、焊接孔隙度、层叠等等。相对于潜在的涂层失效补救的成本，补救表面缺陷的高成本在于进行边缘打磨、清除焊缝飞溅等施工，需要进行权衡。
Poorly adherent contaminants, such as weld slag residues, loose weld spatter, and some minor surface laminations, should be removed during the power tool cleaning procedure. Other surface defects (steel laminations, weld porosities, or deep corrosion pits) may not be evident until the surface preparation has been completed. Therefore, proper planning for such repair work is essential, since the timing of the repairs may occur before, during, or after the power tool cleaning operations.
不好的粘附污染物，例如焊渣残留物、松散的焊接飞溅和一些小的层叠表面，应在动力工具清理期间去除。直到表面处理已经完成，其他表面缺陷（钢材层叠、焊接孔隙度或深的腐蚀麻坑）可能才会明显。既然维修工作会发生在动力工具清理之前、期间或之后，因此，为维修工作做适当的规划是必不可少的
10.13 SELECTION OF TOOLS AND MEDIA
10.13 选择工具和材料
10.13.1 Selection of Tools: Power tools should be selected on the basis of the size and speed rating of the media. These requirements may differ from one type of medium to another and should be taken into consideration if more than one type of medium will be used in the surface preparation process. Power tools should be selected that will produce enough power to perform the cleaning operation efficiently. Operator fatigue should be considered in the selection of power tools.
10.13.1 选择工具：应该以材料的尺寸和旋转速度为基础选择动力工具。这些要求可能由于不同的材料类型而不同，并且应当考虑到可能会有超过一种类型的材料将用于表面处理的情况。被选中的动力工具应该产生足够的动力进行有效率的清理操作。在选择动力工具时应当考虑到操作员的疲劳因素。
10.13.2 Selection of Media: If an acceptable surface profile existed prior to preparing the surface, cleaning media, such as found in Section 3.3, should be selected that will remove surface contaminants without severely reducing the existing profile, if possible. If the surface profile is reduced below the required minimum when preparing the surface, or if there is no profile prior to surface preparation, surface profiling media, such as found in Section 3.4, should be selected that will produce an acceptable surface profile as required by this standard. When power tool cleaning rusted surfaces, it is important to avoid embedding or peening rust into the substrate. These factors may require employing more than one type of medium in order to obtain the desired end result.
10.13.2 选择材料：如果表面处理之前就存在一个可接受的表面粗糙度，应当尽可能选择那些能去除表面污染物而不会严重减小现有粗糙度的材料，例如在3.3中所写的清理材料。如果在表面处理过程中粗糙度已经减小至低于最低要求，或者如果表面处理之前没有粗糙度，应当选择那些按照此标准的要求可以产生可接受的粗糙度的材料，例如3.4中所写的可产生粗糙度的材料。当动力工具清理使表面生锈时，重要的是要避免铁锈嵌入或敲击进入基材。为了获得所需的最终结果，满足这些选材因素可能需要采用不止一种材料。
Power wire brushes or sanding discs when used alone will not produce the required surface profile and may remove or degrade an existing profile to an unacceptable level. Exceedingly heavy deposits of corrosion products should be removed using hand or power tools prior to using surface profiling media. After removal of excessive corrosion, a structural inspection may be warranted.
电动刷或砂盘打磨单独使用时不会产生所需的粗糙度，并可能去除或降低现有粗糙度到一个不可接受的程度。在使用能产生表面粗糙度的材料前，通过手动或动力工具去除大量的腐蚀产物的沉积。去除过度腐蚀后，可以授权进行构件检查。
Further information on the selection of power tools and media is contained in the SSPC Painting Manual, Volume 1 - Good Painting Practice.
SSPC涂装手册，第1卷-良好的涂装中有更多的关于选择动力工具和材料的信息。
10.14 DEW POINT: Moisture condenses on any surface that is colder than the dew point of the surrounding air. It is recommended that the temperature of the steel surface be at least 3°C (5°F) above the dew point during power tool cleaning operations. It is advisable to visually inspect for moisture and periodically check the surface temperature and dew point during cleaning operations. It is equally important to continue to monitor the surface temperature/dew point relationship until the coating is applied in order to avoid painting over a damp surface, unless the selected coating is specifically intended for application on damp substrates.
10.14 露点：水分会凝结在任何低于环境露点温暖的表面。建议在动力工具清理期间，钢材表面温度至少高于露点温度3℃（5 °F）。最好在清理期间目测水分并定期检查表面温度和露点温度。同样重要的是持续监测表面温度/露点的温度差，直到施工涂料，这样可以避免在潮湿的表面涂装油漆，除非是专门选定的涂料应用在潮湿的底材。
10.15 The Surface Preparation Commentary, SSPC-SP COM, contains additional information and data relevant to this specification. The Commentary is
non-mandatory and is not a part of this specification. The table below lists the subjects discussed relevant to power tool cleaning and the appropriate Commentary Section.
10.15 表面处理注释，SSPC-SP COM，包含与本规范相关的额外信息和数据。注释是非强制性的并且不是本规范的一部分。下表列出的主题讨论了有关动力工具清理和适当的注释部分。
Section Subject Commentary
Film Thickness 10 Maintenance
Painting 4.2
Rust Back 4.5
Rust, Stratified Rust, Pack Rust and Rust Scale 4.3.1 Surface Profile 6.2 Standards 11
Visual
Weld Spatter 4.4.1
主题注释部分
薄膜厚度. 10
油漆维护 4.2
回锈 4.5
生锈，分层生锈，包锈和生锈规模 4.3.1
表面粗糙度 6.2
目测标准11
焊接飞溅 4.4.1
信号与系统常用词汇中英文对照表
信号与系统常用词汇中英文对照表 序号英文词汇中文翻译 1 Absolutely summable impulse response 绝对可和的冲激响应 2 Absolutely integrable impulse response 绝对积的冲激响应 3 Accumulation property 累加性质 4 Adder 加法器 5 Additivity 可加性 6 Aliasing 混叠 7 Allpass system 全通系统 8 Amplitude Modulation(AM) 幅度调制 9 Amplifier 放大器 10 Analog-to-Digital Conversion 模数转换 11 Analysis equation 分析方程 12 Aperiodic signal 非周期性信号 13 Associative property 结合性质 14 Audio system 音频系统 15 Autocorrelation function 自相关函数 16 Band-limited signal 带限信号 17 Band-limited interpolation 带限内插 18 Bandpass filter 带通滤波器 19 Bandpass-sampling technique 带通抽样方法 20 Bandpass signal 带通信号 21 Bandwidth of an LTI system 线性时不变系统的带宽 22 Bilinear transformation 双线性变换 23 Block diagram 方框图 24 Bode plot 波特图 25 Butterworth filter 巴特沃斯滤波器 26 Carrier frequency 载波频率 27 Carrier signal 载波信号 28 Cartesian (rectangular) form for complex number 复数的笛卡尔（直角坐标）形式 29 Cascade-form block diagram 级联型方框图 30 Cascade (series) interconnection 级联连接 31 Causal LTI system 因果的线性时不变系统 32 Channel equalization 信道均衡 33 """Chirp"" transform algorithm" 线性调频变换算法 34 Closed-loop system 闭环系统 35 Coefficient multiplier 系数乘法器 36 Communication system 通信系统 37 Commutative property 交换性质 38 Complex conjugate 复共轭 39 Complex exponential 复指数 40 Complex number 复数 41 Continuous-time signal 连续时间信号 42 Conjugate symmetry 共轭对称性
印刷中英文术语对照
印刷中英文术语对照 Woodfree paper 書紙 Matt paper 啞粉紙 Glossy paper 光粉紙 1.GSM与LBS( pound)的转换： English paper grade to grammage conversion Grammage Paper Grade (LBS.) 44 gsm 30 lb. text 59 gsm 16 lb. bond, 40 lb. text 67 gsm 45 lb. text 89 gsm 24 lb. bond, 60 lb. text 104 gsm 70 lb. text 118 gsm 80 lb. text 148 gsm 67 lb. bristol, 100 lb. text 162 gsm 60 lb. cover 163 gsm 90 lb. index 176 gsm 65 lb. cover 178 gsm 80 lb. bristol 199 gsm 110 lb. index 216 gsm 80 lb. cover 219 gsm 100 lb. bristol 253 gsm 140 lb. index 263 gsm 120 lb. bristol
270 gsm 100 lb. cover 307 gsm 140 lb. bristol 308 gsm 170 lb. index 325 gsm 120 lb. cover 2.印刷品中英文对照 日历：calendar 台历：desk calendar 挂历：wall calendar 精装书: Case bound, hard bound, cloth bound, hardback, hardcover book 小册子:brochure 纸相架:Paper frame 纸板书: Board book 纸匣: paper tray 螺旋簿: spiral book 合订本：bound book 书芯纸印的封面。小册子的所有纸张（包括封面）采用同一类或相同克重的纸张，称为简装本（self-cover brochure）。 翻页书: flipbook 3.纸张中英文对照 铜版纸,又称涂布印刷纸:Coated Art Paper(or Board), Coated Woodfree; Art paper;Art printing pape;Copper printing paper 双铜纸: both sides coated art paper 亚粉纸: dull finished art paper,matt art paper
实验仪器名称中英文对照表
实验仪器名称中英文对照表 仪器中文名称仪器英文名称英文缩写 原子发射光谱仪Atomic Emission Spectrometer AES 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ICP 直流等离子体发射光谱仪 Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer DCP 紫外-可见光分光光度计 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer UV-Vis 微波等离子体光谱仪 Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer MIP 原子吸收光谱仪Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AAS 原子荧光光谱仪Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy AFS 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT-IR Spectrometer FTIR 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪FT-Raman Spectrometer FTIR-Raman 气相色谱仪 Gas Chromatograph GC 高压/效液相色谱仪High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC 离子色谱仪 Ion Chromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪Gel Permeation Chromatograph GPC 体积排阻色谱 Size Exclusion Chromatograph SEC X射线荧光光谱仪 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer XRF X射线衍射仪X-Ray Diffractomer XRD 同位素X荧光光谱仪Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 电子能谱仪 Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪 Energy Disperse Spectroscopy EDS 质谱仪 Mass Spectrometer MS ICP-质谱联用仪ICP-MS ICP-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪 GC-MS GC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪 LC-MS LC-MS 核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer NMR 电子顺磁共振波谱仪 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometer ESR 极谱仪 Polarograph 伏安仪 Voltammerter 自动滴定仪 Automatic Titrator 电导仪 Conductivity Meter pH计 pH Meter 水质分析仪 Water Test Kits 电泳仪 Electrophoresis System 表面科学Surface Science 电子显微镜 Electro Microscopy 光学显微镜 Optical Microscopy 金相显微镜 Metallurgical Microscopy 扫描探针显微镜Scanning Probe Microscopy 表面分析仪 Surface Analyzer 无损检测仪 Instrument for Nondestructive Testing 物性分析Physical Property Analysis
品质管理中英文对照表学习资料
品质管理 (be) qualfied, up to grade 合格 模具正式投産前確認 3B 5M Man/Machine/Material/Method/Measurement 人力/ 機器/ 材料/ 方法/ 量測 5S整理/ 整頓/ 清掃/ 清潔/ 教養 5WIH When/Where/Who/What/Why/How to 何時/ 何地/ 誰/ 何事/ 為什麼/ 怎麼做7QCTools7 Quality Controls Tools 品管七大手法 8 disciplines 8項回復內容 abnormal handling 異常處理 ACC Accept 允收 acceptance = receive 驗收 ADM Absolute Dimension Measurement全尺寸測量 AIR Artical Inspection report AOD Accept On Deviation 特采 AOQ Average Output Quality平均出廠品質 AOQL Average Output Quality Level 平均出廠品質水準 APP Approve 核准,認可,承認 AQL Acceptable Quality Level 允收品質水準 AR Averary Range全距平均值
Bending 軟體導入 C=0 Critical=0 極嚴重不允許 CAR Corrective action request 改正行動要求改正報告 CP capability index 製造能力指數 CPK capability index of process 模具制程能力參數 CR Critical 極嚴重的 defective product/non-good parts 不良品 defective products 不良品 DFR Defect Failure Rate NG Not Good 不良,不合格 No.Number 數(號) OOBA out of box audit 開箱檢查 OQA output quality assurance 出貨品質保證 OQC output quality control 最終出貨品管 ORT On going Reliability Qualit P/O Waive Purchase Order Waive Packing 包裝 PDCA Plan/ Do /Check /Action 計劃/ 執行/ 檢查/ 總結POC passage quality control 段檢人員
各种效果器名称中英文对照大全
各种效果器名称中英文对照大全 Arpache SX 【琶音效果器】 Compress 【压缩效果器】用于排除电吉他信号在传输中出现的过载或不良瞬变发生，它与失真器不同的是提供不失真的多种弹奏音色，并能延长音符或缩短音符的时值，可产生打击音或长延音。 Density 【密度效果器】 MicroTuner 【音调微调器】 MidiEcho 【回音效果器】 Midi 控制 Note 2cc 【音符控制器效果器】 Quantizer 【量化MIDI 效果器】 Step Designer 【步进音序器】 Trackcontrol 【轨道控制效果器】 Track FX 【轨道效果效果器】 Transformer 【逻辑处理效果器】背景门、和弦、自动声像 常用的效果器有均衡（EQ、混响（REVERB、压缩 （COMPRESSOR 延时（DELAY、合唱（CHORUS、移相 （PHASER Dely 【延时效果器】 TC Compressor DeEsser【压缩、消唇齿音效果器】
PLATE 铁板混响效 TC Filtrator 【滤波效果器】 TCGraphic EQ 【图形均衡效果器】 TC Limiter 【限制效果器】 TC Native Reverb Plus 【混响效果器】 [HALL 大厅混响效果 ROOM 房间混响效果 果（也译做金属板） ] TC Sonic Destructor 【声音处理效果器】 TC Parametric EQ 【参数均衡效果器】 AutoPan 【声像效果器】 Chorus 【合唱效果器】 Comp 【压缩效果器】 Flanger 【镶边效果器】 NoiseGate 【噪声门效果器】 OptiEQ 【均衡效果器】 OptiVerb 【混响效果器】 Phaser 【移相效果器】 ResoBeat 共【鸣滤波效果器】 RingBeat 【铃音调制效果器】 Stereo Delay 【延迟效果器 】 【T- RACKS 母带处理器】 Clipper 【修减效果器】 Compressor 【压缩效果器】
印刷专业用语(中英)
印刷专业用语 纸料： 260g粉灰260g grey back MC board 300g粉灰300g grey back MC board 350g粉灰350g grey back MC board 350g单粉咭(白芯/灰芯)350g single side coated board (white liner/grey liner) 350g双粉咭(白芯/灰芯)350g both sides coated board (white liner/grey liner) 80g书纸80g W/F PAPER 80g色书纸80g color W/FPAPER 157g双粉纸157g art paper 157g哑粉纸157g matt coated paper 防潮纸Moisture Proof paper 铜板不干胶Raflacoat self-adhesive 双铜纸glossy paper/ coated art paper 双胶纸offset paper 轻涂纸Light Weight Coated Paper 无光铜版纸matt art paper 光面铜版纸gloss paper 灰底白板卡纸CCNB的全称是Clay Coated News Back 牛底白板纸板CCKB(Clay Coated Kraft Back) 白底灰芯纸板CCWB(Clay Coated White Back)
铜板卡纸/白芯粉咭SBS(Solid Bleached Sulphate) 合成纸Synthetic paper 根据表面涂布情况SBS又分为单粉咭C1S(coated one side)和双粉咭 C2S(coated two sides)。根据表面涂布效果分为Matte(哑光纸)和Glossy(光面纸)。 坑纸: BEE-flute (125g牛咭+110g芯纸) WE-flute (140g白牛咭+110g芯纸) B3-flute (125g牛咭+115g芯纸) A3-flute (175g牛咭+115g芯纸) K3-flute (250g牛咭+115g芯纸) W3-flute (140g白牛咭+115g芯纸) A3B9-flute (175g牛咭+115g芯纸+125g牛咭+110g芯纸)K3B9-flute (250g牛咭+115g芯纸+125g牛咭+110g芯纸)印刷 印油Transparent ink 印光油Gloss Varnishing 印哑油Matt Varnishing 印专色Printed in spot color 表面处理 磨光Calendaring 磨光吸塑油Blister-calendaring varnish 过光油Varnishing
品质管理缩写英文对照(打印).
缩写英文对照中文术语 8D 8 Disciplines Of Solving Problem 解决问题8步法 AC./RE. Acceptable / Rejective 允收/拒收 AQL Acceptable Quallity Level 允收水准 ABB Activity-Based Budgeting 实施作业制预算制度 ABC Activity-Based Costing 作业制成本制度 ABM Activity-Based Mangement 作业制成本管理 APS Advanced Planning And Scheduling 应用程式服务供应商APQP Advanced Product Quality Planning 先期产品品质规划ANOVA Analysis Of Variance 方差分析 AAR Appearance Approval Report 外观承认报告 AC Appraisal Cost 鉴定成本 ASL Approved Suplier List 合格供应商清单 AVL Approved Vendor List 认可的供应商清单 ATP Available To Promise 可承诺量 BSC Balanced Score Card 平衡记分卡
BOM Bill Of Material 材料明细 BTF Build To Forecarst 计划生产 BTO Build To Order 订单生产 BPR Business Process Reengineering 企业流程再造 CPK Capability Of Process 修正过程能力指数 Ca. Capability Of Accuraty 精确度指数 Cp. Capability Of Precesion 精密度指数 CRP Capacity Requirement Planning 产能需求规划 C. OF C. Certificate Of Compliance （质量）承诺证明书CEO Chief Excutive Officer 执行总裁 CQC Companywide Quality Control 全公司范围的品质管理CPM Complaint Per Illion 每百万报怨次 CAD Computer Aided Design 计算机辅助设计 CTO Configuration To Order 客制化生产 CRC Contract Review Committee 合同评审委员会 CIF Cost Inusance And Freight 到岸价格
电气工程常用名词中英文对照表
Part1： 缩写全称中文 AC alternating current 交流电 AC automatic control 自动控制 ACA accident consequence assessment 事故后果评价 ACB air circuit breaker 空气断路器 ACC accident 故障、事故 ACCUM accumulate accumulate 累计、蓄电池 ACDS acourtic crack detection system 声裂纹检测系统 ACT/S active side 带电部件、有功部件 ACW anti-clockwise 反时针方向 ACW anti-clockwise 反时针方向 AD analog-digital 模拟-数字 AEOD analysis and evaluation of operational data 运行数据分析和管理 AFC automatic frequency control automatic following control 自动频率控制：自动跟踪控制 AI artificial intelligence 人工智能 ALT alternate 交变的、交替的 ALTNTR alternator 同步发电机 AM ammeter 电流表 AMP ampere 安培 AN air natural cooled 空气自然冷却 AOC automatic overload control 自动过载控制 APC automatic plant coordinate control automatic power control 机组自动协调控制：自动功率控制 APP appendix auxiliary power plant 附录：辅助电源设备 APS acessory power supply 辅助电源 APU auxiliary power unit 辅助动力装置：辅助电源设备 ARM armature 电枢、衔铁 ASR automatic speed run up 自动升速 ASU automatic synchronizing unit 自动同步系统 AT auxiliary transformer 辅助变压器 AUS auxiliary switch 辅助开关 AUX auxiliany 辅助、备用 A VL automatic voltage control 自动电压控制 A VR automatic voltage regulator 自动调压器 BAT battery 电池 BD block decrease 闭锁减 BDUC bus duct 母线导管、母线沟 BDV blowdown voltage 击穿电压 BF back feed 反馈 BHP brake horse power 制动马力 BI block increase 闭锁增
化学仪器设备名称(中英文对照)
原子发射光谱仪Atomic Emission Spectrometer AES 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ICP 直流等离子体发射光谱仪Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer DCP 紫外-可见光分光光度计UV-Visible Spectrophotometer UV-Vis 微波等离子体光谱仪Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer MIP 原子吸收光谱仪Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AAS 原子荧光光谱仪Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy AFS 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT-IR Spectrometer FTIR 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪FT-Raman Spectrometer FTIR-Raman 气相色谱仪Gas Chromatograph GC 高压/效液相色谱仪High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC 离子色谱仪Ion Chromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪Gel Permeation Chromatograph GPC 体积排阻色谱Size Exclusion Chromatograph SEC X 射线荧光光谱仪X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer XRF X 射线衍射仪X-Ray Diffractomer XRD 同位素X 荧光光谱仪Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 电子能谱仪Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪Energy Disperse Spectroscopy EDS 质谱仪Mass Spectrometer MS ICP-质谱联用仪ICP-MS ICP-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪GC-MS GC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪LC-MS LC-MS 核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer NMR 电子顺磁共振波谱仪Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometer ESR 极谱仪Polarograph 伏安仪V oltammerter 自动滴定仪Automatic Titrator 电导仪Conductivity Meter pH 计pH Meter 水质分析仪Water Test Kits 电泳仪Electrophoresis System 表面科学Surface Science 电子显微镜Electro Microscopy 光学显微镜Optical Microscopy 金相显微镜Metallurgical Microscopy 扫描探针显微镜Scanning Probe Microscopy 表面分析仪Surface Analyzer 无损检测仪Instrument for Nondestructive Testing 物性分析Physical Property Analysis 热分析仪Thermal Analyzer 粘度计Viscometer
DP10各元器件名字中英文对照表以及各种库的对照
元器件中英文对照 1.电阻 固定电阻：RES 半导体电阻：RESSEMT 电位计；POT 变电阻；RVAR 可调电阻;res1..... 2.电容 定值无极性电容；CAP 定值有极性电容;CAP 半导体电容：CAPSEMI 可调电容：CAPVAR 3.电感：INDUCTOR 4.二极管：DIODE.LIB 发光二极管：LED 5.三极管:NPN1 6.结型场效应管：JFET.lib 7.MOS场效应管 8.MES场效应管 9.继电器：PELAY. LIB 10.灯泡:LAMP 11.运放:OPAMP 12.数码管：DPY_7-SEG_DP (MISCELLANEOUS DEVICES.LIB) 13.开关;sw_pb 原理图常用库文件： Miscellaneous Devices.ddb Dallas Microprocessor.ddb Intel Databooks.ddb Protel DOS Schematic Libraries.ddb PCB元件常用库： Advpcb.ddb
General IC.ddb Miscellaneous.ddb 部分分立元件库元件名称及中英对照AND 与门 ANTENNA 天线 BATTERY 直流电源 BELL 铃,钟 BVC 同轴电缆接插件 BRIDEG 1 整流桥(二极管) BRIDEG 2 整流桥(集成块) BUFFER 缓冲器 BUZZER 蜂鸣器 CAP 电容 CAPACITOR 电容 CAPACITOR POL 有极性电容CAPVAR 可调电容 CIRCUIT BREAKER 熔断丝 COAX 同轴电缆 CON 插口 CRYSTAL 晶体整荡器 DB 并行插口 DIODE 二极管 DIODE SCHOTTKY 稳压二极管DIODE VARACTOR 变容二极管DPY_3-SEG 3段LED DPY_7-SEG 7段LED DPY_7-SEG_DP 7段LED(带小数点) ELECTRO 电解电容 FUSE 熔断器 INDUCTOR 电感 INDUCTOR IRON 带铁芯电感INDUCTOR3 可调电感 JFET N N沟道场效应管 JFET P P沟道场效应管 LAMP 灯泡 LAMP NEDN 起辉器 LED 发光二极管 METER 仪表 MICROPHONE 麦克风 MOSFET MOS管 MOTOR AC 交流电机 MOTOR SERVO 伺服电机
包装印刷中英文专业术语大全
包装印刷中英文专业术语大全 刀版die plate 菲林printing film/artwork 数码印刷digital printing 印前工序prepress process 包装种类 包装盒 packaging 天地盖盒lid and base box 彩盒color printing box 储物盒storage box 展示盒display stand 翻盖盒/可折叠盒folding paper box 珠宝盒Jewelry box 茶叶盒tea box 鞋盒shoe box 盒Box 纸盒 paper box 硬纸盒rigid paper box 瓦楞纸盒corrugated paper box 木盒Wooden Box 铁盒Iron Box 塑料透明盒 Plastic Transparency Box 苯乙烯盒 Styrol Box 礼盒presentation box 礼品盒gift box 展示盒showing box
箱Case 纸箱Carton 外箱master carton 瓦椤纸箱Corrugated Carton 旧瓦椤纸箱Old Corrugated Carton (O．C．C．) 木箱Wooden Case 板条箱Crate 木条箱Wooden Crate 竹条箱Bamboo Crate 胶合板箱Plywood Case 三层夹板箱3--Ply Plywood Case 镀锡铁皮胎木箱Tin Lined Wooden Case 集装箱Container 袋Bag(Sack) 布袋Cloth Bag 草袋Straw Bag 麻袋Gunny Bag／Jute Bag 旧麻袋Used Gunny Bag／Old Gunny Bag 新麻袋New Gunny Bag 尼龙袋Nylon Bag 聚丙烯袋Polypropylene Bag 聚乙烯袋Polythene Bag 塑料袋Poly Bag 塑料编织袋Polywoven Bag 纤维袋Fibre Bag 玻璃纤维袋Glass Fibre Bag 玻璃纸袋Callophane Bag 防潮纸袋Moisture Proof Pager Bag 乳胶袋子Emulsion Bag 三层牛皮纸袋3=ply Kraft Paper Bag 锡箔袋Fresco Bag 特大袋Jumbo Bag
分析仪器名称中英文对照表
仪器中文名称仪器英文名称英文缩写原子发射光谱仪Atomic Emission Spectrometer AES 电感偶合等离子体发射光谱仪Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer ICP 直流等离子体发射光谱仪 Direct Current Plasma Emission Spectrometer DCP 紫外-可见光分光光度计 UV-Visible Spectrophotometer UV-Vis 微波等离子体光谱仪 Microwave Inductive Plasma Emission Spectrometer MIP 原子吸收光谱仪Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy AAS 原子荧光光谱仪Atomic Fluorescence Spectroscopy AFS 傅里叶变换红外光谱仪FT-IR Spectrometer FTIR 傅里叶变换拉曼光谱仪FT-Raman Spectrometer FTIR-Raman 气相色谱仪 Gas Chromatograph GC 高压/效液相色谱仪High Pressure/Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC 离子色谱仪 Ion Chromatograph 凝胶渗透色谱仪Gel Permeation Chromatograph GPC 体积排阻色谱 Size Exclusion Chromatograph SEC X射线荧光光谱仪 X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer XRF X射线衍射仪X-Ray Diffractomer XRD 同位素X荧光光谱仪Isotope X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer 电子能谱仪 Electron Energy Disperse Spectroscopy 能谱仪 Energy Disperse Spectroscopy EDS 质谱仪 Mass Spectrometer MS ICP-质谱联用仪ICP-MS ICP-MS 气相色谱-质谱联用仪 GC-MS GC-MS 液相色谱-质谱联用仪 LC-MS LC-MS 核磁共振波谱仪Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer NMR 电子顺磁共振波谱仪 Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectrometer ESR 极谱仪 Polarograph 伏安仪 Voltammerter 自动滴定仪 Automatic Titrator 电导仪 Conductivity Meter pH计 pH Meter 水质分析仪 Water Test Kits 电泳仪 Electrophoresis System 表面科学Surface Science 电子显微镜 Electro Microscopy 光学显微镜 Optical Microscopy 金相显微镜 Metallurgical Microscopy 扫描探针显微镜Scanning Probe Microscopy
常用名词中英文对照
网络安全方面的专业词汇中英文对照 Access Control List（ACL）访问控制列表access token 访问令牌 account lockout 帐号封锁 account policies 记帐策略 accounts 帐号 adapter 适配器 adaptive speed leveling 自适应速率等级调整Address Resolution Protocol(ARP) 地址解析协议Administrator account 管理员帐号 ARPANET 阿帕网（internet的前身） algorithm 算法 alias 别名 allocation 分配、定位 alias 小应用程序 allocation layer 应用层 API 应用程序编程接口 anlpasswd 一种与Passwd+相似的代理密码检查器applications 应用程序 ATM 异步传递模式 attack 攻击
audio policy 审记策略 auditing 审记、监察 back-end 后端 borde 边界 borde gateway 边界网关breakabie 可破密的 breach 攻破、违反 cipher 密码 ciphertext 密文 CAlass A domain A类域CAlass B domain B类域 CAlass C domain C类域classless addressing 无类地址分配cleartext 明文 CSNW Netware客户服务 client 客户，客户机 client/server 客户机/服务器 code 代码 COM port COM口（通信端口）CIX 服务提供者 computer name 计算机名
品质管理名词及英文缩写
品质管理名词（中英文对照） QE=品质工程师（Quality Engineer） MSA: Measurement System Analysis 量测系统分析 LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限 Control plan 管制计划 Correction 纠正 Cost down 降低成本 CS: customer Sevice 客户中心 Data 数据 Data Collection 数据收集 Description 描述 Device 装置 Digital 数字 Do 执行 DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计Environmental 环境 Equipment 设备 FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect analysis 失效模式与效果分析 FA: Failure Analysis 坏品分析 FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制Gauge system 量测系统 Grade 等级 Inductance 电感 Improvement 改善 Inspection 检验 IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制IQC: Incoming Quality Control 来料品质控制ISO: International Organization for Standardization 国际标准组织 LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限 Materials 物料 Measurement 量测 Occurrence 发生率 Operation Instruction 作业指导书Organization 组织 Parameter 参数 Parts 零件 Pulse 脉冲 Policy 方针 Procedure 流程 Process 过程 Product 产品 Production 生产 Program 方案 Projects 项目QA: Quality Assurance 品质保证 QC: Quality Control 品质控制 QE: Quality Engineering 品质工程 QFD: Quality Function Design 品质机能展开Quality 质量 Quality manual 品质手册 Quality policy 品质政策 Range 全距 Record 记录 Reflow 回流 Reject 拒收 Repair 返修 Repeatability 再现性 Reproducibility 再生性 Requirement 要求 Residual 误差 Response 响应 Responsibilities 职责 Review 评审 Rework 返工 Rolled yield 直通率 sample 抽样,样本 Scrap 报废 SOP: Standard Operation Procedure 标准作业书 SPC: Statistical Process Control 统计制程管制Specification 规格 SQA: Source(Supplier) Quality Assurance 供应商品质保证 Taguchi-method 田口方法 TQC: Total Quality Control 全面品质控制TQM: Total Quality Management 全面品质管理Traceability 追溯 UCL: Upper Control Limit 管制上限 USL: Upper Size Limit 规格上限 Validation 确认 Variable 计量值 Verification 验证 Version 版本 QCC Quality Control Circle 品质圈/QC小组PDCA Plan Do Check Action 计划执行检查总结 Consumer electronics 消费性电子产品Communication 通讯类产品 Core value （核心价值） Love 爱心 Confidence 信心 Decision 决心 Corporate culture (公司文化) Integration 融合
填料塔盘名称中英文对照
塔Column 板式塔和填料塔Plate Column and Packed Column 1. Plate column (tray column) 板式塔 2. davit吊杆 3. vapour outlet 蒸气出口 4. demister破沫网 5. vent放空口 6. reflux inlet回流口 7. tray塔盘，塔板 8. manhole人孔 9. support ring （保温）支承圈 10. reboiler return重沸器（物料）返回口 11. thermometer connection温度计接口 12. vortex (vortex breaker, anti – ca vita tion baffle)破涡流器，防涡流板 13. skirt vent裙座放气口 14. skirt裙座，塔裙 15. access hole出入孔 16. base ring底圈，底环 17. ladder直梯，梯子 18. liquid outlet 液体出口 19. level gauge connection液面计接口 20. pressure gauge connection压力计接口 21. feed inlet进料口 22. platform平台 23. down comer (downflow, downspout) 降液管，降液板 24. packed column填料塔 25. gas outlet气体出口 26. liquid distributor液体分配器，液体分布器 27. hold – down grid格栅式填料压板 28. packing填料 29. packing support plate填料支持板 30. liquid redistributor液体再分布器 31. handhole手孔 32. gas inlet气体入口 33. liquid inlet液体入口 塔板词汇之液流型式 1. cross flow横流 2. reverse flow折流，U型流 3. radical flow径流 4. circumferential flow环流 5. split flow(double pass)双流 6. cascade阶梯流 7. double pass cascade双阶梯流 8. four pass四流
常用的品质管理名词(中英文对照).
常用的品质管理名词（中英文对照） QE=品质工程师（Quality Engineer） MSA: Measurement System Analysis 量测系统分析 LCL: Lower Control limit 管制下限 Control plan 管制计划 Correction 纠正 Cost down 降低成本 CS: customer Sevice 客户中心 Data 数据 Data Collection 数据收集 Description 描述 Device 装置 Digital 数字 Do 执行 DOE: Design of Experiments 实验设计 Environmental 环境 Equipment 设备 FMEA: Failure Mode and Effect analysis 失效模式与效果分析FA: Failure Analysis 坏品分析 FQA: Final Quality Assurance 最终品质保证 FQC: Final Quality control 最终品质控制 Gauge system 量测系统 Grade 等级 Inductance 电感 Improvement 改善 Inspection 检验 IPQC: In Process Quality Control 制程品质控制 IQC: Incoming Quality Control 来料品质控制 ISO: International Organization for Standardization 国际标准组织LQC: Line Quality Control 生产线品质控制 LSL: Lower Size Limit 规格下限 Materials 物料 Measurement 量测 Occurrence 发生率 Operation Instruction 作业指导书 Organization 组织 Parameter 参数 Parts 零件 Pulse 脉冲 Policy 方针 Procedure 流程 Process 过程 Product 产品 Production 生产