IELTS GRAMMAR 3雅思语法3
IELTS GRAMMAR
Lesson3
Adjectives
Adverbs
Attributive Clauses（2）
IELTS GRAMMAR
Lesson Three:
I. 形容词（speaking)
II. 副词(writing task I)
III. 定语从句(writing task II)
Adjectives and Adverbs
.
Professional
.
Good
.
professionally
.
Well
.
Approximate
.
Little
.
Approximately
.
Little
.
Most
.
Hard
.
Mostly
.
Hard
.
Prosperous
.
Daily
.
Prosperously
.
Daily
.
High
.
Higher, highest
.
Good
.
Better, best
.
Little
.
Less, least
.
Advanced
.
More advanced
.
The most advanced
Adjectives
.
用作表语predicative
.
用作定语attributive
.
用作宾语补足语OC object complement
.
用作状语adverbial
Adjectives Expressions
.
Change is the only
constant in life.
.
变化是生活中唯一不
变的。
.
He is laid-back
.
他很懒散。
.
Do odd jobs
.
打临工
.
他很厚脸皮
.
He is really cheeky.
.
勇于尝试，才有创新。
.
Take a bold shot, get a
gold idea.
.
少壮不努力，老大徒伤
悲。
.
If you don’t start when
you’re young, it’s hard
to get the hang of it.
Adjectives in IELTS Speaking
.
Describe a place you’ve ever been to.
(Part II)
.
Describe one of your family member.
.
Describe a cook you know.
Speaking II: One of My Favorite Sightseeing Spots
.
东湖，在我的家乡武汉市，是最有名的旅游必
经之地之一。（定语）
.
East lake is one of the most famous must
tourist destinations in Wuhan, my hometown.
.
尽管有人认为湖水并不干净（宾语补足语）
，
但是我认为看起来碧绿的，很漂亮。
(
表语
）
.
Though some say the water in the lake （
is）
unclean, I think it does look jade green and
pretty.
Speaking II: One of My Favorite Sightseeing Spots
.
整座湖被林荫小道和植被丰富的小丘所环绕绕
.(
定
）
.
The entire lake is surrounded by shadowy lanes and
fully-planted small humps.
.
可以想象在炎热的夏季，晚上吹着习习凉（定语
）
风，和伴侣在湖边散步是多么的惬意
(
表语），静静
的。
(
状语）
.
One could imagine on an awfully hot summer night,
how cozy it is to take a walk with his/her pal against
the refreshing and cooling breeze, by the lakeside,
quiet.
形容词次序
I. 形容词（speaking)
尺寸—温度—年龄—外形—颜色—民族—材料—类
型
small mountain villages
hot black coffee
a beautiful old round table
练
习
1. The man carrying a (plastic, small,
red) bag.
small red plastic
2. There was a (small, wooden,
round) table in the room.
small round wooden
IELTS GRAMMAR: 副词和雅思
II.
副词：
.
用于
写作TASK I
.
用于TASK II
IELTS GRAMM
AR: 副词的位置
.
时间副词，地点副词。
.
频度副词（表示不确切的用于句中，表
示确切的用于句末）。
.
程度副词（放在它所修饰的词之前）
.
方式副词（用于修饰动词，位置放在
动
词之后）。
.
句子副词（用来修饰整个句子，位于句
首）。
时间副词，地点副词。
.
这个项目永远都完不成。
.
This project will never be finished.
.
我经常在周末购物。
.
I often do some shopping on weekend.
时间副词，地点副词。
.
过来过来。回家吧。出国；留学。(speaking)
.
Come on 。Go home. Go abroad; study abroad.
.
欢迎登机/上船/加入我们的团队（上班第一天）。
.
Welcome aboard! (speaking)
.
拥有世界最大的人口一直以来既是中国经济发展
所
面临的根本问题，也是我们民族强大的基础
。
(writing)
.
Boasting the biggest national population in the
world has always been the fundamental problem
for China’s economic development, as well as the
foundation of the nation’s power.
频度副词
.
（表示不确切的用于句中，表示确切的用于
句末）。
.
我一周开两次会。
.
I have meetings twice a week.
.
他们拿年薪。
.
They will be paid yearly.
.
类似的词：
annually, monthly, ‘n’ times a month / day, per month/ day, etc
频度副词
.
近十年来中国的经济发展平均每年上升10% 。
.
The recent decade has witnessed an average 10%
increase in Chinese economic development
annually. (writing task I)
.
我每个月只逛一次街。
.
I go shopping once a month. (speaking)
.
2008 年10 月，国内股市指数，平均每天下跌大约10
个点。(writing task I)
.
October 2008 saw the domestic stock market
indexes decreased by about 10% averagely per
day.
程度副
词
.
（放在它所修饰的词之前）
.
你绝对错了。
.
You are absolutely wrong.
.
他英语说得蛮好。
.
He speaks English quite well.
.
类似的词有：
rather, fairly, definitely, very…
程度副词
.
我知道有一家餐馆的日本菜相当地道。（speaking)
.
I know a restaurant that provides pretty original
Japanese dishes.
.
芥末吃起来比较奇怪。(speaking)
.
Wasabi tastes rather weird.
.
世界经济环境正变得越来越不稳定，而政治环境则
越来越复杂。(writing task II)
.
The world economic environment is getting
increasingly unstable, and political environment
increasingly complex.
方式副词
.
（用于修饰动词，位置放在动词之后）。
.
宴会组织的很成功。
.
The party was very successfully organized.
.
这
个班在很认真地听讲。
.
The class is listening carefully to the teacher.
.
类似的词有
：
dramatically
显著地，
sharply
大幅度地，
fast/ rapidly
快速地，
continuously
不断地
, successively
连续地，等等。
方式副词
.
随后，中国顺利地加入了世界贸易组织。
.
Subsequently, China smoothly participate in
WTO.（writing II)
.
中国不断地给非洲国家提供经济援助，其实
是现阶段国际形势的战略性决策。（writing
II)
.
It’s actually a strategic decision in today’s
international situation, for China to
continuously offer financial aid to African
countries.
句子副词
.
（用来修饰整个句子，位于句首）。
.
基本上，我是一个乐观的人。
.
Basically I am an optimistic person.
.
我感觉自己雅思还考得可以，运气好的话，可以
得到总分8分。
.
I feel good about my IELTS Examination,
hopefully, I could get an over-all 8.
.
类似的词有：
probably
有可能，
ultimately
最终，
eventually
最终，
amazingly
令人吃
惊地，等等。
句子副词
.
奇怪的是，研究表明男性也是需要安全感的。
.
Amazingly, researches have demonstrated that
men also need reassurance. (writing II)
.
很有可能，在某些情况，男性比女性更加感情脆弱
。
.
In some cases, men probably are more
emotionally fragile than women. (writing II)
.
结论是，人们始终认为‘成功的男人背后总有个耐心
的女人。’(writing II)
.
Conclusively, it’s always believed that a successful
men has got a patient woman to get his back.
副词形容词分辨和句型变化
1. slight, slightly
A: Sales of coffee showed a
(
) increase
between 2005-2008.
B: Sales of coffee increased
(
) between 20052008.
2. dramatic, dramatically
A: The world population grew
(
) between
1950-2005.
B: The world population experienced a
(
)
growth between 1950-2005.
副词形容词分辨和句型变化
3. impressive, impressively
A:
The domestic car market showed an ( ) growth
of 50% for three consecutive years from 20012003.
B:
The domestic car market grew
(
) by 50% for
three consecutive years from 2001-2003.
实例欣赏
实例欣赏
实例欣赏
2.
用于
TASK II It has been widely noted that, because
of the growing use of computers andcalculators both in the classroom and in
the home, the level of literacy and
mathematical ability of students is
declining/ dropping.
由于在课堂和家庭中电脑和计算机的应用持
续增长，学生的文化水平和计算能力一直
在下降，这个问题已经受到广泛关注。
实例欣赏
2.
用于
TASK II
Television is
undoubtedly
one of the most
importa
nt technological developments in
the history of human civilization.
电视机，毫无疑问地，人类文明史上，
最重要的技术发展之一。
General Exercises
副
词
1.
我心中忽然产生一个念
头。
2.
我正在考虑出国。
3.
仔细看这幅画。
4.
他有时起得早。
5.
这个电影不错。
6.
只有汤姆知道答案。
7.
我现在不想出去，而且
我还得工作。
8.
回家
9.
说实在的，我对你的工
作不满意。
1. An idea suddenly struck
me.
2. I am considering goingabroad.
3.
Look at the picture carefully.
4. Sometimes he gets upearly.
5.
The film was quite good.
6. Only Tom knows the
answer.
7. I don’t want to go out now,
and besides, I must work.
8.
Go home!
9. Frankly, I am not satisfiedwith your work.
IELTS GRAMMAR
III.
定语从句
(writing task II)
1.
定语的概念；定语从句的概念
2.
限定性定语从句关系代词；关系副
词
3.
定语从句和名词性从句的区别
4.
非限定性定语从句
定义
.
You don’t get those you are not destined toown, even with asking.
.
You don’t get those ( 先行词) that (关系词)
you are not destined to own ( 从句), even with
asking ( 伴随状语).
.
你不会得到，那些不是你注定拥有的东西，即
使你要求了。
.
意译为：
.
命里无时莫强求，命里有时终须有！
定语的概念；定语从句的概念
基本结构：
…+n.（先行词）+relatives（关系词）+
attributive clause…
关系代词
Who, whose, which, that
---所代替的先行词是人或物的名词，在定语从句
中充当主语，宾语，定语成分
关系副词
When, where , why, that = 介词+ which
---所代替的先行词是时间，地点或理由的名词，
在定语从句中做状语。
关系代词that
.
那部电影很好看。
.
那部电影是张艺谋拍的。
.
The movie is awesome.
.
The movie was shot by Zhang Yimou.
.
张艺谋拍的那部电影很好看。
.
The movie that was shot by Zhang Yimou is
awesome.
关系代词that
.
练习：
.
那个纪念币是我在新加坡国际机场买的。
.
我将那块纪念币送给我前任女友了。
.
I bought that souvenir coin at Singapore
International Airport.
.
I sent the souvenir coin to my ex-girlfriend.
.
我将那块在新加坡机场买的纪念币送给前女
友了。
.
I sent the souvenir coin that I bought at SIA
to my ex-girlfriend.
关系代词that, IELTS 应用
.
传统学校提供一些在家接受教育的小
孩所没有的文化和体育活动。
.
Traditional schools offer cultural and
sports activities that the home-
schooled children can not have.
.
我所做过的最艰难的决定就是我该上职业学
校，还是普通高中。
.
The hardest decision that I ever made was
whether I should attend vocational school
or ordinary high school.
关系代词which
.
对他来说那本书很有意
义。
.
那本书是凯利送给他的礼物。
.
That book is of great significance for
him.
.
Kelly sent him the book as a gift.
.
凯利送给他的那本书对他来说很有意义。
.
The book that Kelly sent him as a giftis of great significance for him.
关系代词which
.
练习
.
这个问题还存在争议。
.
课本上列举了这个问题。
.
The question is still in controversy.
.
The textbook lists the question.
.
课本上列举了那个还存在争议的问题。
.
The textbook lists the question which
is still in controversy.
关系代词which, IELTS 应用
1. 爱是打开幸福之门的钥匙。
Love is the key which opens the gate of
happiness.
2. 上瘾是一种改变人的神经系统的大脑疾病。
(addiction, neurochemistry)
Addiction is a brain disease which changes
a person’s neurochemistry.
关系代词who
.
我喜欢那个女孩。
.
那个女孩正站在前台旁边。
.
I like that girl.
.
That girl is standing by the front desk.
.
我喜欢那个正站在前台旁边的女孩
。
.
I like the girl who is standing by the front
desk.
关系代词who
练习：
他住在我们家隔壁。
你不是觉得他很帅吗？
He lives next door to our house.
Don’t you think him handsome?
你不是觉得住我们家隔壁的那个很帅吗？
Don’t you think the guy who live next door to
our house handsome?
关系代词who, IELTS 应用
动物权益保护者强烈批评鼓吹克隆人
的
科学家
。
(animal-rights activists; advocate; humancloning)
Animal-rights activists strongly criticizedthe scientists who advocate human
cloning.
关系代词whose
.
布什的支持者很多都是武器制造商。
.
布什是一位好战的总统。
.
Many of Bush’s supporters are weapon
manufacturers.
.
Bush is a pro-war president.
.
布什，其很多支持者是武器制造商，是一位
好战的总统。
.
Bush, many of whose supporters areweapon manufacturers, is a pro-warpresident.
关系代词whose, IELTS 应用
1.
我真的看过一只狗它的脸确实长得象它的主
人。
I really have seen a dog whose face looks
like its owner.
2.
几乎不可能找到两个意见完全一样的人。
It is almost impossible to find two persons
whose opinions are the same.
3.
寄宿学校对于那些工作在国外的父母来说是
最理想的选择。
Boarding schools are ideal for those parents
whose work has taken them abroad.
关系副词why
成功的人总能找到为什么他们做得好的理由
。
Successful people can always find reasons
why they are doing well.
关系副词why, IELTS 应用
这就是许多白领视跳槽为挖掘自身潜能的机会的
原因。
That is the reason why many white collars
workers regard job-hopping as anop
portunity to tap their potentials.
在本文中，我将讨论许多语言和文化不断消失的
原因。
In this essay, I intend to explore the reason
why many languages and cultures aredisappearing.
关系副词where
.
我的脑海里不禁浮出了那个草地。
.
我们以前总在那片草地里手牵着手散步。
.
The sight of the grassland can’t help coming
up to my mind.
.
We used to walk hand in hand on that
grassland.
.
我脑海里不禁浮现出那片我们以前经常手牵
着手散步的草地。
.
The sight of that grassland, where (on which)
we used to walk hand in hand, can’t help
coming up to my mind.
关系副词where, IELTS 应用
我喜欢到气候宜人的地方生活。
(agreeable)
I prefer to live in a place where the
climate is agreeable
关系副词when
.
我常常想起那些过去的好日子。
.
在那些日子里
，
我们从来不用为了任何事去
取悦其他的人，我行我素着。
.
I often recall those old good days.
.
During those days, we never had to pleaseothers for anything, being ourselves.
.
我常常想起那些过去的我们从来不用为了任
何事去取悦其他的人而我行我素着的好日子。
.
I often recall those old good days，when
(during which) we never had to please
others for anything, being ourselves.
关系副词when, IELTS 应
用
我盼望着能在你们餐馆美美的吃上一顿的一
天。
I look forward to a day when we can enjoy
a delicious meal at your restaurant.
人生中总会有面临新选择的时候。
There will be moments in life when youare presented with new options.
定语从句和名词性从
句
1. Some problems that the practice may
lead to should not be overlooked.
2.
Meanwhile, by listening to theirchildren’s concerns, parents can learnthe valuable lessons that parenting
differs form controlling.
3.
The fact that you pointed out made me
interested.
定语从句和名词性从
句
1.
区分定语从句和名词性从句的概念区别
。
2.
分析句子成分，看去掉从句，句子是否
完整。
3.
同位语从句中没有which
，因此看原句
的that
能否换成which
4.
主语从句中，whether，that
都不做句子
成分，只起连词作用。
定语从句和名词性从句
1. 区分定语从句和名词性从句的概念区别。
形容词
我每天看的那本书叫做《沧海》
The book that I read everyday is Cang
Hai.
名词
每天在车上看书是我的习惯。
That I rea
d book everyday on bus is a
habit.
定语从句和名词性从
句
2. 分析句子成分，看去掉从句，句子是否完整
。
I agree with those people
who
support spaceresearch and want it to continue.
Who
will be responsible for those
who
have
lost their jobs is the pressing pro
blem whichthe citizens eager to know.
定语从句和名词性从
句
3. 同位语从句中没有which ，因此看原句
的that 能否换成which 。
Some problems that the practice may
lead to should not be overlooked.
Meanwhile, by listening to theirchildren’s concerns, parents can learnthe valuable lessons that parenting
differs form controlling.
定语从句和名词性从
句
4. 主语从句中，whether，that 都不做句子成
分，只起连词作用。
Whether traditions deserve preserving has
sparked a heated discussion.
It is known to all that jealousy is the nature
of females.
Love is the master key that opens the gate
of happiness.
IELTS GRAMMAR
Next language point!
非限定性定语从句
非限定性定语从句: which
.
We need a change, which probably would
bring us dislocation, but do we wanna keepthe dislocation inside the company or let ourcustomers adapt to it, and the answer is clear,
because our customers can just leave.
.
Carly Feolina (Former CEO of HP)
.
我们需要改变，可能会给我们带来混乱，但是
你想混乱留给自己还是丢给顾客，答案很明
显，因为顾客可以走开。
.
卡莉，非欧琳娜（惠普前CEO）
IELTS GRAMMAR
1. 被逗号分开
2. 可以将前面的整个句子作为先行
词
3. 关系词只能用which
IELTS GRAMMAR：
非限定性定语从
句
我们应该为祖先传下来的文化遗产感到自
豪，它们反映了我们璀璨的历史和丰富
的文化。
(culture legacy, hand from, ancestor)
We should take pride in our culture
legacy handed from our ancestors,
which reflects our brilliant history and
rich culture.
IELTS GRAMMAR：
非限定性定语从
句
语言灭绝是个缓慢的过程，对少数民族
部落的影响最大。(language
extinction)
Language extinction is a gradual
process, which tends to affect the
minority ethnics most.
综合复习
It is evident that watching internationalnews is beneficial to the improvement oftheir capability in certain fields like thebroadening of their horizons and theenhancement of their analyzing ability,
which both help them to be equippedwith a global perspective.
综合复
习
TV, Internet and radio are very popularnowadays. Some people say thatthey will replace books and writtenwords as the main sources of information. To what extend do youagree or disagree to this position?