高二必修五过去分词_学案

过去分词学案

一、过去分词作定语

1、单个的过去分词作定语时一般兼有被动和完成的意义，常作前置定语。

eg：a lost animal 一只迷路的动物 a used stamp 一枚用过的邮票an injured finger 一个受伤的手指 a broken coin 一枚破损的硬币

a lighted candle 一支点燃的蜡烛

注意：过去分词作定语时，有时只有被动意义。

e.g.：spoken English 英语口语written exercises 书面练习

少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的过去分词只有完成的意义

fallen leaves

the risen sun the advanced countries

drunken man a returned student

a retired teacher an escaped prisoner

2、过去分词作后置定语，表示被动和／或完成意义。

e.g.：How I regretted the hours （）in the woods!

我多懊悔在树林浪费的时光啊

I like wearing clothes （）of this kind of cloth．

我喜欢穿这种布料做的衣服。

e.g.：The books （）by Lu Xun are popular．

鲁迅写的书很受欢迎

We’11 go to visit the bridge （）hundreds of years ago．

我们要去看那座建于几百年前

二、过去分词作表语

1、过去分词作表语，表示主语的特点或所处的状态，其前的系动词有包括be在内的多种形式。

e.g.：Everyone present is very inspired at his speech．听了他的发言，在场的所有人都很振奋。

Y ou seem frightened. 你似乎受了惊吓。

2、过去分词作表语，构成的系表结构与被动语态的区别：

过去分词作表语，强调主语的特点或所处的状态；而被动语态中，主语是动词所表示动作的承受者。

e.g.：This shop is now closed．这家商店现在已经关门了。(状态)

This shop is closed at 6 pm everyday．这家商店每天6点关门。(动作）

Practice: Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.

1. 丢了钱他自责不已。

He ______________ about losing the money.

2、你为什么总是看上很疲劳？这些日子睡得好吗？

Why do you always _______________ ? Do you sleep well these days?

3.我对昨晚看的电影很失望。我原以为它能好些。

I _____________________ the film I saw last night, I had expected it to be better.

4.听说那位明星死了，人人都很惊讶。Everybody ____________to hear the death of the famous film star．三:过去分词作状语的一般用法

1. 过去分词作状语，可以表示时间，原因，条件，让步及伴随情况等。

过去分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须和句子主语保持一致，并且必须是被动关系。

Asked how he broke into the room, he made no answer.

（当有人问他怎么闯进屋里来，他一声不吭。）_________________________________

When heated，water will be turned into steam.

水加热后会变成蒸汽。（表示时间）___________________________________

Deeply moved by the film, we all cried. 由于被电影深深打动，我们都哭了。（表示原因）___________________________________

Born into a poor family, he had no more than two years of schooling.

出生于贫苦家庭，他只上了两年学。___________________________________

Given more help, we could have done the work better.

如果给我们的帮助多一些，我们本来能做的更好。（条件）___________________________________

Though frightened by the big fire, he stood out bravely.

尽管害怕大火，可他还是勇敢地站了起来。（让步）___________________________________

The mother came in, followed by her son. 母亲回来了，儿子紧随其后。（伴随状语）___________________________________

He was walking up and down in the room, lost in though t. ___________________________________ 他陷入沉思，在房间里踱来踱去。（方式状语）

2. 其实今天我们要学的这种语言现象，以前我们是这样解释的：当表示时间、条件、方式、让步等状语从句的主语与句子主语一致或是it，且谓语动词含有be，则从主与be可省。

分析：Once this novel is published, it will be popular. 一旦出版，这本小说将会很畅销。

= Once published, this novel will be popular.

When asked about his secret of success, he owed much of his success to his wife and children.

= ______________________________________________ , he owed ……

While watching Titanic, they couldn’t help crying.

=_______________________________________________ , they couldn’t……

复习了这一点之后，请你把以上第一点中的划线部分都改变成状语从句。

3. 完成了对划线部分的变换，我们深深地感觉到过去分词与句子主语之间的_____关系。

作状语的过去分词与部分从属连词一起连用，是为了让过去分词某种成分更加突出。

一旦被发现，它就永远不会被忘记。

’t walk. 如果被蛇咬了，应该派人去请医生，不要走动。

可见, 过去分词前面的连词只是起个强调作用。

二、过去分词与V-i n g作状语的区别

过去分词表示被动或完成的动作，V-ing表示主动或进行的动作。

Seen from a distance, the mountain looked like an elephant.

从远处看，这座山看起来想一头大象。

Seeing the mountain, he always thinks of his childhood.

每当看到这座山，他总会想起他的童年。

三、过去分词的独立主格结构

过去分词做状语时，其逻辑主语一般情况下通常是句子的主语。但是，过去分词的逻辑主语若不是句子的主语时，通常会将逻辑主语保留。这种结构中过去分词带有自己的逻辑主语。这种现象叫分词的独立结构。只用来做状语表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况。例如：

The table set, they began to have lunch. 桌子摆好后，他们开始吃午饭。（表时间）

All his money gone, he began to look for a job.

所有的钱用光了，他就开始找工作。（表原因）

All things considered, the meeting had to be put off.

如果全面考虑，会议不得不推迟。（表条件）

He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.

他躺在草地上，头枕着双手。（表方式）

He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat.

他满脸是汗地跑进屋里。（表伴随）

四、重点提示

过去分词的独立结构在较口语的问题中还可以用“with/without+名词/代词+过去分词”的结构代替，通常也是表示时间、原因、条件、方式或伴随情况等。例如：

With the experiments carried ou t ,we started new studies.

实验一做完，我们就开始心得研究。（表时间）

With my sister gone, there was nobody to help the old woman.

我姐姐一走，就没有人帮助那位老大娘了。（表原因）

The old gentleman was walking, with his arms folded across his chest.

那位老人在散步，双臂交叉放在胸前。（表方式）

Henry left the classroom, without a word spoken.

亨利一句话也没有说就离开了教室。（表伴随）

练习：

1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when ___________ by my boss.

A. questioning

B. having questioned

C. questioned

D. to be questioned

2. __________ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.

A. To sleep

B. Sleeping

C. Sleep

D. having slept

3. __________ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm.

A. Attracting

B. Attracted

C. To be attracted

D. Having attracted

4. Generally speaking, __________ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.

A. when taking

B. when taken

C. when to take

D. when to be taken

5 ___ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police.

A. Having lost

B. Lost

C. Being lost

D. Losing

6. ________________________（从顶部看），the new Olympic Stadium in Beijing will look

wonderful like a bird’s nest.

7._______________________________(当被问到她的愿望时)，the little girl smiled.

8._______________________________(即使被邀请)，I won’t go to her birthday party.

9.He walked into the classroom,___________________________(后面跟着几个学生).

10. Once it was published, his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each

line. (改为过去分词做状语)

_________ __________ , his work became famous for the absence of rhyme at the end of each line.

11. Given more time, we would be able to do the work much better. (改为状语从句)

______ ____ _____ _____ more time, we would be able to do the work much better.

Exercises:

1．Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself ____.

A.understand

B. to understand

C. understanding

D. understood

2. The speaker, _______for her splendid speeches, was warmly received by the audience.

A.having known

B. being known

C. knowing

D. known

3. Mr. Smith , ____ of the speech, started to read a ______novel．

A.tired; boring

B. tiring; bored

C. tired; bored

D. tiring; boring

4.The Olympic Games,____ in 776B．C, did not include women players until 1912.

A. first playing

B. to be first played

C. first played

D. to be first playing

5. He was disappointed to find his suggestions ____.

A . been turned down B. turned down

C. to be turned down

D. to turn down

Practice

1. Prices of daily goods ____ through a computer can be lower than store prices.

A. are bought

B. bought

C. been bought

D. buying

2. With a lot of different problems ____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.

A. settled

B. settling

C. to settle

D. being settled

3. Don’t use words, expressions or phrase ____ only to people with specific knowledge.

A. being known

B. having been known

C. to be known

D. known

4. When I got back, I saw a message to the door “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.” A. pin, read B. pinning, reading C. pinned, reading D. pinned, read

5、A boy Jack won the game. A boy himself Jack won the game.

A. calling

B. called

6、Most of the artists to the party were from South Africa.

A. invited

B. to invite

C. being invited

D. had been invited

7、The first text books for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A.having written

B.to be written

C. being written

D.written

8、The building last year is seventy meters high.

The building now is seventy meters high.

The building next month is seventy meters high.

A. built

B. to be built

C. being built

练习一单句改错

1.They were all amusing at what he said.

2.He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won.

3.The situation was a bit discouraged.

4.Two pages in this dictionary are missed.

5.Y our mother is quite worrying about your stare of health.

练习二句型转换

1. A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.=A thief stole the goat ______ to the tree.

2. The girl who is dressed in r ed is Kelly’s long-lost friend.= The girl ______________is Kelly’s long-lost friend.

3. The project, which was designed by the Chinese engineers, was constructed in only 2 year.

= The project, _____________ ____________________, was constructed in only 2 year.

三、单选

1.As is known to us all, traveling is ______, but we often feel ______ when we are back from travels.

A. interesting; tired

B. interested; tiring

C. interesting; tiring

D. interested; tired

2. Hearing the ______ news, we all felt ______. A. encouraging, encouraging,

B. encouraged, encouraged

C. encouraged, encouraging

D. encouraging, encouraged

3. From the dates ______ on the gold coin, it is confirmed that was made five hundred years ago.

A.marking

B. marked

C. to be marked

D. having been marked

4. The _______ look in her face suggested that she _______ it before.

A.surprising, wouldn’t know

B.surprised, hadn’t known

C.surprising, hadn’t known

D.surprised, shouldn’t k now

5. The picture writing _______ long long ago is hard for us to understand today.

A.having been drawn

B. being drawn

C. was drawn

D. drawn

6. The man ______ there is my uncle.

A. seat

B. seating

C. to seat

D. seated

7. The first textbooks ______ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.

A. having written

B. to be written

C. written

D. being written

Translation

1.一名退休工人

2.开水

3.一片落叶

4.一位无名英雄

5.他走进来，后面跟着一个女孩。

6.他写的小说很畅销。

高二过去分词讲解与练习

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外研版英语高二年级必修五重要知识点梳理

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(完整版)过去分词作状语导学案加练习定稿版答案

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高二英语必修5_语法复习：过去分词做状语同步练习_人教版

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高二英语非谓语动词----ing形式和过去分词-人教版整理

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