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2016年考研英语二真题答案解析及翻译大师兄版

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题

Section I Use of English

Directions:

Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark[A],[B],[C]or[D]on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)

Happy people work differently.They’re more productive,more creative,and willing to take greater risks. And new research suggests that happiness might influence1firms work,too.

Companies located in places with happier people invest more,according to a recent research paper.2, firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking3for making investments for the future.

The researchers wanted to know if the4and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5the way companies invested.So they compared U.S.cities’average happiness6by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.

7enough,firms’investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were8.But is it really happiness that’s linked to investment,or could something else about happier cities9why firms there spend more on R&D?To find out,the researchers controlled for various10 that might make firms more likely to invest–like size,industry,and sales–and for indicators that a place was 11to live in,like growth in wages or population.The link between happiness and investment generally 12even after accounting for these things.

The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms,which the authors13to“less codified decision making process”and the possible presence of“younger and less14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was15stronger in places where happiness was spread more16.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy,rather than in places with happiness inequality.

17this doesn’t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a longer-term view,the authors believe it at least18at that possibility.It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help19how executives think about the future.“It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and20R&D more than the average,”said one researcher.

1.[A]where[B]how[C]why[D]when

2.[A]In return[B]In particular[C]In contrast[D]In conclusion

3.[A]sufficient[B]famous[C]perfect[D]necessary

4.[A]individualism[B]realism[C]optimism[D]modernism

5.[A]echo[B]miss[C]spoil[D]change

6.[A]imagined[B]assumed[C]measured[D]invented

7.[A]Sure[B]Odd[C]Unfortunate[D]Often

8.[A]headquartered[B]advertised[C]overtaxed[D]divided

9.[A]overstate[B]summarize[C]explain[D]emphasize

10.[A]factors[B]stages[C]levels[D]methods

11.[A]desirable[B]reliable[C]sociable[D]reputable

12.[A]resumed[B]held[C]emerged[D]broke

13.[A]assign[B]attribute[C]transfer[D]compare

14.[A]serious[B]experienced[C]ambitious[D]civilized

15.[A]thus[B]instead[C]also[D]never

16.[A]rapidly[B]directly[C]regularly[D]equally

17.[A]While[B]Since[C]After[D]Until

18.[A]arrives[B]jumps[C]hints[D]strikes

19.[A]share[B]simplify[C]rediscover[D]shape

20.[A]pray for[B]give away[C]send out[D]lean toward

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Directions:

Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40points)

Text1

It’s true that high-school coding classes aren’t essential for learning computer science in college.Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses,said Tom Cortina,the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon’s School of Computer Science.

However,Cortina said,early exposure is beneficial.When younger kids learn computer science,they learn that it’s not just a confusing,endless string of letters and numbers–but a tool to build apps,or create artwork,or test hypotheses.It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students.Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and using code to solve them becomes normal.Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap,Cortina said.

Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college,where introductory computer-science classes are packed to the brim,which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.

The Flatiron School,where people pay to learn programming,started as one of the many coding bootcamps that’s become popular for adults looking for a career change.The high-schoolers get the same curriculum,but“we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in,”said Victoria Friedman,an instructor.For instance,one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.

The students in the Flatiron class probably won’t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook. Programming languages have a quick turnover,so the“Ruby on Rails”language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market.But the skills they learn–how to think logically through a problem and organize the results–apply to any coding language,said Deborah Seehorn,an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.

Indeed,the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all.But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes.These kids are going to be surrounded by computers—in their pockets,in their offices,in their homes–for the rest of their lives,The younger they learn how computers think,how to coax the machine into producing what they want–the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that–the better.

21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer science makes it easier to_____.

[A]complete future job training[B]remodel the way of thinking

[C]formulate logical hypotheses[D]perfect artwork production

22.In delivering lessons for high-schoolers,Flatiron has considered their_____.

[A]experience[B]academic backgrounds

2016年考研英语二真题及大师兄版解析

[A]was a give-in to governmental pressure[B]would involve fewer agencies in action

[C]granted less federal regulatory power[D]went against conservation policies

28.It can be learned from Paragraph3that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted if they_____.

[A]agree to pay a sum for compensation[B]volunteer to set up an equally big habitat

[C]offer to support the WAFWA monitoring job[D]promise to raise funds for USFWS operations

29.According to Ashe,the leading role in managing the species is_____.

[A]the federal government[B]the wildlife agencies

[C]the landowners[D]the states

30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_____.

[A]the plan under challenge[B]the win-win rhetoric

[C]environmental groups[D]industry groups

Text3

That everyone's too busy these days is a cliché.But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully: There's never any time to read.

What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient.The web's full of articles offering tips on making time to read:“Give up TV”or“Carry a book with you at all times.”But in my experience,using such methods to free up the odd30minutes doesn't work.Sit down to read and the flywheel of work-related thoughts keeps spinning--or else you're so exhausted that a challenging book is the last thing you need.The modern mind,Tim Parks,a novelist and critic,writes,“is overwhelmingly inclined toward communication…It is not simply that one is interrupted;it is that one is actually inclined to interruption.”Deep reading requires not just time,but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.

In fact,“becoming more efficient”is part of the problem.Thinking of time as a resource to be maximized means you approach it instrumentally,judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal.Immersive reading,by contrast,depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness,even time-wasting.Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you'll manage only goal-focused reading—useful,sometimes,but not the most fulfilling kind.“The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,”writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time,and“we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles(days,hours,minutes)as they pass,for if they get by without being filled,we will have wasted them.”No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.

So what does work?Perhaps surprisingly,scheduling regular times for reading.You'd think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set,but in fact,Eberle notes,such ritualistic behaviour helps us“step outside time's flow”into “soul time.”You could limit distractions by reading only physical books,or on single-purpose e-readers.“Carry a book with you at all times”can actually work,too—providing you dip in often enough,so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business,before dropping back down.On a really good day,it no longer feels as if you're“making time to read,”but just reading,and making time for everything else.

31.The usual time-management techniques don’t work because_____.

[A]what they can offer does not ease the modern mind.

[B]what people often forget is carrying a book with them.

[C]what challenging books demand is repetitive reading.

[D]what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed.

32.The“empty bottles”metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to_____.

37.It can be inferred from Paragraph3that young people_____.

[A]favor a slower life pace.[B]hold an occupation longer.

[C]attach importance to pre-marital finance.[D]give priority to childcare outside the home.

38.The priorities and expectations defined by the young will_____.

[A]depend largely on political preferences[B]reach almost all aspects of American life

[C]focus on materialistic issues[D]become increasingly clear

39.Both young and old agree that_____.

[A]good-paying jobs are less available.[B]the old made more life achievements.

[C]housing loans today are easy to obtain.[D]getting established is harder for the young.

40.Which of the following is true about Schneider?_____.

[A]He found a dream job after graduating from college.

[B]His parents believe working steadily is a must for success.

[C]His parents’good life has little to do with a college degree.

[D]He thinks his job as a technician quite challenging.

Part B

Directions:

Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(10points)

[A]Be silly

[B]Have fun

[C]Ask for help

[D]Express your emotions.

[E]Don’t overthink it

[F]Be easily pleased

[G]Notice things

Act Your Shoe Size,Not Your Age

As adults,it seems that we’re constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art—and for the most part they don’t need self-help books or therapy.Instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it’s time to learn a few lessons from them.

41.___________.

What does a child do when he’s sad?He cries.When he’s angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both. As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don’t dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones.That’s about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then–again,like children–move on.

42.__________.

A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was9years old at the time,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn’t stop talking about it.Too often

we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels.Instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.

43.__________.

Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling, we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies,increase good hormones like endorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and ever have a greater chance of fighting off infection.All of which would,of course,have a positive effect on our happiness levels.

44.__________.

The problem with being a grownup is that there’s an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with—work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it’s important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love.Those things might be social, sporting,creative or completely random(dancing around the living room,anyone?)—it doesn’t matter,so long as they’re enjoyable,and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you’re on a tight budget.

45.__________.

Having said all of the above,it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can back fire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing.As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:“Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness.”And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live.

Section III Translation

46.Directions:

Translate the following text into Chinese.Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points) The supermarket is designed to lure customers into spending as much time as possible within its doors.The reason for this is simple:The longer you stay in the store,the more stuff you’ll see,and the more stuff you see,the more you’ll buy.And supermarkets contain a lot of stuff.The average supermarket,according to the Food Marketing Institute,carries some44,000different items,and many carry tens of thousands more.The sheer volume of available choice is enough to send shoppers into a state of information overload.According to brain-scan experiments,the demands of so much decision-making quickly become too much for us.After about40 minutes of shopping,most people stop struggling to be rationally selective,and instead began shopping emotionally—which is the point at which we accumulate the50percent of stuff in our cart that we never intended buying.

SectionⅣWriting

Part A

47.Directions:

Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend,Jack,wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for

advice on translation.Write him a reply to

1)thank him,and

2)give your advice

You should write about100words on the ANSWER SHEET.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,e“Li Ming”instead.

Do not write the address.(10points)

Part B

48.Directions:

Write an essay based on the following chart.In your essay you should

1)interpret the chart,and

2)give your comments.

You should write about150words on the ANSWER SHEET.(15points)

某高校学生旅行目的调查

2016年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二试题

大师兄版参考答案

Section I Use of English(10points)

1.A B C D

2.A B C D

3.A B C D

4.A B C D

5.A B C D

6.A B C D

7.A B C D

8.A B C D

9.A B C D10.A B C D

11.A B C D12.A B C D13.A B C D14.A B C D15.A B C D

16.A B C D17.A B C D18.A B C D19.A B C D20.A B C D

Section II Reading Comprehension(50points)

Part A(40points)

21.A B C D22.A B C D23.A B C D24.A B C D25.A B C D

26.A B C D27.A B C D28.A B C D29.A B C D30.A B C D

31.A B C D32.A B C D33.A B C D34.A B C D35.A B C D

36.A B C D37.A B C D38.A B C D39.A B C D40.A B C D

Part B(10points)

41.A B C D E F G42.A B C D E F G43.A B C D E F G

44.A B C D E F G45.A B C D E F G

Section III Translation(15points)

超市的设计是要吸引顾客在店内尽可能长时间地购物。原因很简单：你在一家商店逛的时间越长，你看到的商品就会越多，你看到的商品越多，你就会买的越多。而超市包含大量的商品。根据食品营销研究所的数据，一个普通的超市约有4400件不同商品，而有的超市的商品数量要比这个数量多数万件。仅仅是可选择的商品的数量就足以让顾客陷入信息过载的境地。根据脑部扫描实验的资料，要快速做出很多决定对于我们来说太难了。在购物40分钟后，大多数人就不再理性地挑选了，相反他们开始根据情绪来购物，也就是在这一刻我们购买了许多我们本不打算买的东西，而这些东西占了购物车里东西的一半。

SectionⅣWriting(25points)

Part A(10points)

Dear Jack,

Thank you for your congratulation on my winning the translation contest.And I would like to give you several pieces of advice on learning translation based on my own experience.

First of all,you need to have a good command of English grammar,the most fundamental factor,which enables you to better understand English articles.Second,it is important for you to expand your vocabulary.Because only when you have a large vocabulary can you do a good https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,st but not least,you have to do a lot of translation exercise, which is the key to success in translation.

I hope my advice will prove helpful to you.

Your sincerely

Li Ming Part A(15points)

This pie chart gives information about students’purpose of traveling in an unnamed university.

As is shown in the chart,37%of students go traveling for sightseeing,representing the largest percentage of all students.Students who choose traveling as a way to free themselves from stress come as the second largest group with a percentage of33%.The percentages of students whose purpose of traveling is to make friends and to develop their ability to be dependent are relatively low,standing at9%and6%respectively.Another15%of students travel for other reasons.

In my opinion,it is hardly surprising that most students travel for sightseeing and for stress reduction.First,to travel is to visit places of interests,mountains and rivers in different cities,thus sightseeing is an indispensable part of traveling.Second,people can become much happier and more relaxed through traveling,so their stress will be significantly reduced.Predictably,more people will choose to travel for sightseeing and relaxation.

“合意的；值得的；可取的”；B项reliable“可靠的”；C项sociable“好交际的”，用于形容人。12.【B】句意题。本句句意“总的来说，即便是在考虑了上述变量和指标，一地的快乐水平和企业投资行间的

关联还是……”。前文指出研究人员为验证城市的快乐指数和企业行为之间有关联这一发现而针对各种因素展开平行对照试验。而根据本句中的“即便考虑了这些因素”这一让步，从逻辑上可以推断这一发现是成立的，站得住脚的。A项resume“重新开始”；B项hold“（论点、理论等）站得住脚”；C项“出现”；D项break“破裂”。所以B项正确。

13.【B】词汇题。本句句意“快乐水平和企业投资行为间的关联性在年轻公司身上体现得特别强烈，该研究的

作者将此……‘年轻企业的决策程序不太为规章束缚’”。显然前后句是因果关系。B项attribute sth to sth“把…归因于”正确。A项assign“分配，指派”；C项transfer“转移；转让；调动”。

14.【B】句意题。本句句意“公司可能有较为年轻和……管理者，他们更易受情绪的影响”。B项inexperienced

“经验不足”最符合题意。A项serious“严肃的”；D项civilized“文明的”。

15.【C】句意题。本句的前一句说的是快乐水平和企业的投资行为间的关联性在年轻公司身上体现得特别强烈。

本句句意“这两者关系在快乐分布更……的地方……更强烈”，与前一句在逻辑上是并列关系，所以只有C项also“也”符合句意的逻辑。

16.【D】句意题。本句句意“在快乐分布得……的地方，这两者的关系也更强烈”。根据下一句“企业似乎会

在……投资的更多，而不是在那些存在快乐不平均的地方”可推出“企业喜欢在快乐分配平均的地方投资更多”，因而“快乐和企业投资间的关系”在快乐分配平均的地方也更强烈。即D项正确。

17.【A】句意题。本句句意“……这一点并不能证明一地的快乐水平促使企业进行更多的投资或是考虑得更久

远，该研究作者相信之少它……那种可能性”。根据后面at least“至少”可以判断出A项while“尽管”

这一让步从句引导词符合句意。B项since“因为”引导原因状语从句。

18.【C】词汇题。A项arrive at sth“到达；得出（结论）”；B项jump at sth“迫不及待地接受”；C项hint at

sth“暗示，略微提及”；D项strike at sth“袭击，打击”。根据前半句的让步状语从句可知B项符合题意。

19.【D】句意题。本句句意“当地的文化和氛围会……企业高管们思考未来的方式，这一点并不难想象”。本

文论述的快乐指数对企业运营的影响。所以D项shape“塑造，使成形”正确。

20.【D】词汇题。本句句意“相比于普通人，快乐的人会更加深谋远虑和富有创见，且……研发，这一点必然

是有道理的“。根据前文可知在快乐之地的企业在研发上投入更多。所以D项lean toward“倾向于”正确。A项pray for“祈祷”；B项give away“送掉，赠送；暴露，泄露”；C项send out“分发，散发；

发出（光、热等）”。

Section II Reading Comprehension

Part A

Text1

原文标题：The Economic Importance of Teaching Coding to Teens来源：The Altalantic（时代周刊）

原文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/education/archive/2015/05/the-economic-importance-of-teaching-coding-to-teens/393263/

大师兄英语点评：本文来自2015年5月14日刊《大西洋周报》，原文标题为《给年轻孩子教授代码的经济重要性》。本文讲述的是给高中生开设代码课程具有重要意义。作者指出，让学生在年轻的时候学习计算机科学能塑造学生思维，同时可以对大学的计算机学习及未来就业都有好处。原文20余段1900词，命题人进行了节选和拼接。本文的难度不大。

21.【B】根据第二段第三句“It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students”（相比于稍大点的学生，这些学生在转变自己的思维过程方面的难度就小得多）可知B项“改造思维方式”正确。C项“提出有逻辑的假设”；D项“完善艺术品的制作”均没有在文中体现。

22.【D】根据第四段第二句“we try to gear lessons toward things they’re interested in”（但我们的课程设置尽量朝学生感兴趣的事物靠拢）可知在给高中生讲授编程课程时Flatiron考虑了学生的“兴趣”，D项正确。

23.【A】根据第五段第三句“But the skills they learn–how to think logically through a problem and organize the results–apply to any coding language”（但他们学到的技能——如何有逻辑性地思考出问题的解决办法和组织结果——适用于各种编程语言）可知A项“帮助学生学习其他计算机语言”正确。B项“当新技术出现时需要升级这些技能”；C项“当学生找工作时需要提升技能”；D项“能让学生快速赚大钱”。

24.【C】根据最后一段最后两句“These kids are going to be surrounded by computers......for the rest of their lives.The younger they learn how computers think......the better”（在这些孩子以后的生活中，他们身处的环境中到处都有计算机……他们越早知道计算机工作原理，知道如何让计算机产生他们想要的结果，就越好；越早知道他们有能力实现上述两点就越好）可知C项“为数字化的世界做好更充分准备”正确。A项“与未来的程序猿大军竞争”错误，最后一段第二句提到“a future army of coders”但并未提及“竞争”；B项“在信息技术行业呆的时间更长”错误，根据最后一段第一句“the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all”（熨斗学院的学生或许压根就不会进入IT行业）可知A项表述无法体现出。D项“发明出创兴性的电脑技术”未提及。

25.【B】词汇题。根据coax所在句意“知道如何让计算机产生他们想要的结果”可以猜出B项persuade正确。短语coax sb into doing“哄骗、劝诱某人做”。C项frighten“吓唬，惊吓”；D项misguide“误导”。

Text2

原文标题：Last Dance

原文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/content/348/6241/1300.full

大师兄英语点评：本文来自一个名为sciencemag的网站，原文标题《最后一支舞》。本文为一篇科学研究的节选，讲述的是北美小草原榛鸡数量暴跌以致于被美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局列为“受威胁物种”，但环保主义者该局出台的保护措施并不足够，同时一些国会议员、行业集团等也对该局的举措不满。原文4段415词。本文的难度不大，最后一题需要推断。

26.【D】根据第二段第一句“The crash was a major reason the U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS) decided to formally list the bird as threatened”（小草原榛鸡数量的锐减是促使美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局（USFWS）决定正式将其列为“受威胁”物种的主要原因）可知D项“急剧下降的数量”正确。A项“私有土地业主的要求”；B项“对草地英亩数的低估”；C项“一些生物学家的拼命呼吁”。

27.【C】根据第二段第三句“They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as“endangered,”a status that gives federal officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats”（但是一些环境主义者却对此感到失望。因为他们一直要求该局将这种鸟类列为“濒危”物种，列为濒危物种就能让联邦官员有更大的监管权来打击威胁该物种的行为）可知“濒危物种”这一标签比“受威胁物种”这一标签能让联邦官员有有更大的监管权，所以C项“赋予的联邦监管权较少”正确。A项“是对政府压力的一个让步”；B项“涉及到的执行机构较少”；D项“与保护政策相悖”。

28.【A】根据第三段第一句“the agency said it would not prosecute landowners or businesses that unintentionally kill,harm,or disturb the bird,as long as they had signed a range-wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat”（该局称它不会起诉那些非故意杀死、伤害和惊扰小草原榛鸡的土地业主或企业，前提是他们已签署过一项覆盖全部栖息地的管理计划来修复小草原榛鸡的栖息地）可知非故意伤害小草原榛鸡者签署一项计划才免遭起诉，再根据下一句“the plan requires individuals and businesses that damage habitat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with2new acres of suitable habitat”（它要求因经营需要而损害栖息地的个人和企业向一个基金支付罚款，而每有一亩栖息地遭破坏，该基金就会购买两英亩新的栖息地来替换之）可知A项“同意支付一笔赔偿金”正确，B项“设立一块同样大小的栖息地”错误。

29.【D】根据第三段最后一句“Overall,the idea is to let“states”remain in the driver's seat for managing the species”（总而言之，该计划的目的就是依旧让“各州”负责管理小草原榛鸡）可知D项“各州”正确。习语in the driver’s seat“掌管，负责”，英语解释为“in the driver's seat is to be in a position of authority or in a position where one can control events”，同义表达有“in control”、“in charge of sth”、“in the saddle”等。

30.【C】根据第四段第一句“Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric”（但对于这个吹嘘双赢的计划，并不是所有人都买账）中rhetoric“虚华辞藻，大话”可知推测出作者对该计划持否定态度，而下面作者列举了一些国会议员、行业集团对该计划的反对以及生物学家Jay Lininger的观点。最后一句是他的表态“The federal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are pushing it to extinction”

（联邦政府这是在把管理小草原榛鸡的责任交给那些正把它推向灭绝的行业），显然Jay Lininger也是反对政府的计划的，而环境保护团体对这一计划也是失望态度，所以与Jay Lininger的态度相似，所以C项正确。

Text3

原文题目：How to time to read来源：The Guardian（卫报）

原文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/lifeandstyle/2015/apr/03/how-to-find-time-to-read-oliver-burkeman 大师兄英语点评：本文来自2015年4月3日刊《卫报》，原文标题为《如何找出时间来阅读》。本文讲述的是人们如今没有时间来阅读这一现象，作者认为阅读并不是你挤出时间或者随身带本书就能做到的，它需要一种特殊的时间。最好的阅读办法就是将它列为你日程的一部分使之成为一种常态，即我们不是挤出时间阅读，而是从阅读中挤出时间去做别的。原文4段430词左右。本文稍有难度。

31.【D】第二段第一句“What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-management techniques don't seem sufficient”（而让这个问题更糟糕的是，那些常见的时间管理技巧似乎并不足以改变这一问题）与题目同义，而第二段下文则是解释为什么常见的时间管理技巧不起作用的原因。根据最后一句“Deep reading requires not just time,but a special kind of time which can't be obtained merely by becoming more efficient”（深度阅读需要的不仅仅是时间，而是一种特别的时间，它不是仅仅通过提高效率就能获得的）可知D项“深度阅读所需的条件没有得到保障”正确。A项“这些技巧所提供的指导意见不能缓解现代心理”和C项“难度的书需要重复的阅读”都没有提及。

32.【B】根据第三段倒数第二句“The future comes at us like empty bottles....conveyor belt.....we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles(days,hours,minutes)as they pass,for if they get by without being filled,we will have wasted them”（我们感到一种压力，那就是不同大小的瓶子在传送带上经过的时候要把它们都填满，因为如果瓶子没有被填满就下了传送带，我们就浪费了这些瓶子。我们的未来又何尝不是传送带上的瓶子呢）可知作者把我们的时间比作“瓶子”，瓶子在传送带上没有被填满就过去是一种浪费，所以我们的时间也是如此。即B项“让流淌的时间变得充实”正确。A项“更新待做事项的列单”；D项“追求悠然的阅读”。

33.【D】根据第三段第三句“but in fact,Eberle notes,such ritualistic behaviour helps us“step outside time's flow”into“soul time””（但埃伯利说道，事实上设定固定阅读时间这种程序性的行为有助于我们“走出时间在流逝”这样的心理并“走进心灵时刻”）可知D项“实现沉浸式阅读”与本句的意思相符合。A项“促进形式化的阅读”；B项“鼓励效率至上的心理”；C项“培养在线阅读习惯”。

34.【A】根据第三段第五句““Carry a book with you at all times”can actually work,too—providing you dip in often enough,so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business,before dropping back down”（“时刻都带本书在身上”这种方式也能奏效——前提是在足够多的时间里你都是埋头阅读，从而让阅读成为你的常规状态，只是在你需要处理事务的时候才把注意力从书上短暂移开，之后再次埋头看书）可知A项“阅读成为你日常的首要事情”正确。文中的default state“默认的、常规的状态”与题目中的primary business“首要事情”意思相近。B项“所有日常事情都被很快处理完”；C项“能在阅读之后很快回到其他事情上”；D项“时间能被平均分配在阅读和正事上”。

35.【C】文章主旨题。本文首段提出一个现象“There’s never time to read”（人们一直没时间读书）；第二段描写的是，用传统的时间管理技巧挤出时间来阅读并不奏效，因为深度阅读需要一种特别的时间；第三段描写的是，深度沉浸式阅读所需要的条件；第四段描写的是，设定固定的阅读时间才是进行阅读的最好方式，这样你就不会觉得是“挤出时间来阅读了”。所以本文主要的两个关键词就是“Time”和“Reading”，C项“如何找出时间来阅读”正确。

Text4

原文标题：Even baby boomers think it's harder to get started professionally than it used to be

原文链接https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/business/archive/2015/06/even-baby-boomers-think-its-harder-to-get-started -than-it-used-to-be/395609/

大师兄英语点评：本文来自2015年6月11日刊《大西洋周刊》，原文标题为《连婴儿潮的那代人都认为如今年轻人生活不易》。本文讲述的是如今刚刚开启人生的年轻人想要在生活上获得成功非常困难。年轻一代人的期望和所关注之事也与前几代人的不同，他们的这些新想法将会影响美国社会的方方面面。但年轻一代和

年老一代都认为，现在的年轻人实现结婚生子、安家落户等要更难了。原文32段2300余词。本文难度不大。

36.【A】根据第二段第一句“Across generational lines,Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life,including getting married,having children,owning a home,and retiring in their sixties”（纵观历代美国人，他们所看重的成功人生的传统里程碑依旧是那些，包括结婚、生子、安家落户、六十退休）可知A项“组建家庭并生子”正确。C项“过了退休年龄还工作”错误。

37.【C】根据第三段第二句中“more likely than older adults....to believe they will advance their careers...to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life,to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children,and to maintain that children are best served by two parents working outside the home”（更有可能相信通过频繁换工作，他们的职业会得到最好的发展；更有可能青睐那些有较多公共服务和生活节奏较快的社区；更有可能认同这一点：在结婚或生子之前，夫妻应当有足够的经济条件，以及更有可能坚持这样一点：双方都在外工作的夫妻才能养好孩子）可知C项“重视婚前经济能力问题”正确。其他三项错误。

38.【B】根据第四段第二句“those just starting out in life are defining priorities and expectations that will increasingly spread through virtually all aspects of American life,from consumer preferences to housing patterns to politics”（那些刚刚开启人生道路的年轻人正在重新定义他们眼中的优先和期望事项，而这些事项将很快会传播到美国社会中的几乎所有方面，小到消费者喜好和住房模式，大到政治）可知B项“传播到美国社会的几乎所有方面”正确。A项“很大程度上取决于政治倾向”；C项“关注物质问题”；D项“变得越来越清楚”。

39.【D】根据第五段第一句“Young and old converge on one key point:Overwhelming majorities of both groups said they believe......for earlier generations”（年轻一代和年老一代在一个关键点方面有一致看法：两个群体中的绝大部分人都认为，相比于前几代人，现在的年轻一代在开启自己的人生道路方面要难许多）可知D 项“年轻人站稳脚跟要更难了”正确。

40.【C】根据第六段第四句“Looking back,he is struck that his parents could provide a comfortable life for their children even though neither had completed college”（回首以前，他感到不可思议：他的父母居然有能力给他们的孩子提供一个舒适的生活，即便他们没一个上过大学）可知C项“他父母的舒适生活和有没有大学学位没关系”正确。根据第二句中“he struggled to find a job after graduating from college”（他大学毕业后找工作费了很大的劲）可知A项“他在大学毕业后就找到了心仪的工作”错误。B项和D项文中未提及。

Part B

原文标题：Act your shoe size,not your age来源：The Guardian（卫报）

原文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/lifeandstyle/2015/jan/27/act-your-shoe-size-not-your-age

大师兄英语点评：

本文来自2015年1月27日《卫报》，原文标题《按照你鞋码数字的年龄而不是实际年龄行事》。本文讲述的是成年人追求快乐但却无法永远快乐，而孩子却一直是快乐的，成人应该向小孩子学习如何保持快乐。本文标题中“act your shoe size,not your age”是英国的习语。这里需要理解英国鞋码问题。以男鞋为例，常见尺码4—10（相当于中国37-45码）。所以标题的意思是说，成年人忘记自己的年龄，按照鞋码数字的那个年龄行事，这里说的是我们要像孩子那样让自己快乐。

考研英语二的七选五小标题难度一向不大。本文的文本虽有一定难度，但题目的难度并不大。

41.【D】根据本段第五句“But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions, especially negative ones”（但很多时候我们控制情绪的程度太过了，最后造成压抑情绪的后果，特别的负面情绪）和第七句“What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately”（我们需要做的就是找到一种合适的方式来承认和表达我们所想的东西）可知D项“表达你的情绪”正确。

42.【F】本段作者讲述了其9岁继女在圣诞节收到超人T恤衫作为礼物的这件事“It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn’t stop talking about it”（这件衣服不到5美元，但她却开心得不得了，并且情不自禁地见人就谈她的超人T恤）。接着作者说“but the reality is these things have little lasting impact on our happiness levels.Instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing”（但实际情况是，房车这些东西对你的快乐水平并没有多少长久的影响。相反，为每一天中的小事而感恩才是

更好的提高快乐的方式）。所以本段表达的是“人要像孩子那样容易被满足”，即F项“容易被取悦”正确。

43.【A】本段只有三句话，第二句话显然是本段的主体。根据第二句中“If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies,increase good hormones....”（如果我们成年人也能像小孩子那样纵情犯二和傻笑，我们也就能减少体内的压力荷尔蒙，增加有益荷尔蒙……）可知“indulge in a bit of silliness”是“减少压力、提升快乐”的条件。所以A项“做个傻乎乎的人”正确。

44.【B】根据本段第二句中But这个转折词可判断该句才是本段的主旨句。根据该句“But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it’s important that we schedule in time to enjoy the thing we love”（但是作为成人，我们有一个难能可贵之处：有能力控制自己的日程安排，并且我们要在日程安排中留有时间来做自己所喜爱之事，这一点很重要）及下文所列举的“Those things”（喜爱之事）可知B项“玩得快乐”正确。

45.【E】本段的首句为主旨句。根据该句“Having said all of the above,it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy”（尽管说了这么多，但还是要补充一个重要点：我们不该为了追求快乐而勉强自己）和最后一句“we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural byproduct of the way they live”（我们还是需要从我们的孩子身上学习，对孩子们来说，快乐不是一种目标，它是他们生活的天然产物）可知E项“别考虑的太多”正确。

SectionⅢTranslation

本文原标题：Surviving the Sneaky Psychology of Supermarkets来源：National Geographic（国家地理）原文链接：https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e58569966.html,/2015/06/15/surviving-the-sneaky-psychology-of-supermarkets/大师兄英语点评：

本段选自2015年6月15日刊《国家地理》杂志。原文标题为《如何不受隐形的超市心理学的摆布》。本文讲述的是人们逛超市买的东西很多都不是自己计划要买的，而这就是超市通过一些巧妙的精心设计的结果。例如，超市的出口只有一个，目的就是让消费者在超市逗留更长时间，从而买更多东西。本段翻译共151个单词，难度不大。

第一句中“The supermarket is designed to...”直译为“超市被设计来……”，不可以译为“超市旨在……”，可以将动词翻译成名词“超市的设计是要……”；短语lure sb/sth into doing译为“吸引或引诱某人做”。第四句中“44000different items”译为“44000种商品”，item为“条目；项；种”；第五句中“the sheer volume”译为“仅仅是数量”，sheer为“纯粹”，起强调作用，与simple/mere等词相似；“information overload”译为“信息过载”，这是一种现象。最后一句中“which is the point at which we....”有两个定于从句，介词+which可以表达成特殊疑问词when,where等，所以可以理解为“which is the point when we”，直译为“就是在那个时刻我们……”。详见译文。

大师兄英语版译文：

超市的设计是要吸引顾客在店内尽可能长时间地购物。原因很简单：你在一家商店逛的时间越长，你看到的商品就会越多，你看到的商品越多，你就会买的越多。而超市包含大量的商品。根据食品营销研究所的数据，一个普通的超市约有4400件不同商品，而有的超市的商品数量要比这个数量多数万件。仅仅是可选择的商品的数量就足以让顾客陷入信息过载的境地。根据脑部扫描实验的研究发现，要快速做出多项决定对于我们来说太难了。在购物40分钟后，大多数人就不再理性地挑选了，相反他们开始根据情绪来购物，也就是在这一刻我们购买了许多我们本不打算买的东西，而这些东西占了购物车里东西的一半。

SectionⅣWriting

大师兄英语点评：

2016年考研英语二小作文是一篇reply（回复/回信），题目要求是：Suppose you won a translation contest and your friend,Jack,wrote an email to congratulate you and ask for advice on translation.Write him a reply。此类应用文难度不大。2016年考研英语二大作文是一篇名为“某高校学生旅行目的的调查”的饼状图，要求考生：1)

interpret the chart.2)give your comments。英语二大作文的题材目前有三类：饼状图（2016年、2015年）、柱状图（2014年、2013年、2011年、2010年）、表格图（2013年）。

考研英语二的大小作文难度并不大。这部分可按照大师兄整理的历年英语二作文解析及范文来复习。关于小作文应用文，考生需要熟记几种主要应用文的格式、固定用语、常见句型；关于大作文图表文，最重要的还是在用词和句型上，因为图表文比较客观，不需要太多的主观解读。大师兄强调灵活运用句型，比如少用简单句，多用复合句，如定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句、it形式主语、强调句和倒装句。其次，作文用词要有多样、高端，比如英语二大作文中经常用到“占比”，它可以有“account for”、“make up”、“represent”、“constitute”和“be responsible for”等多种表达。

写作的内容上，小作文的字数只有100个左右，大作文160到200字。由于字数本身的限制，大小作文不可能写得多有深度，小作文写明两点或三点理由或事项，可以按照：何人，何事，何时，何地，何目的等方面来写。大作文要描述出图表中的主要数据以及考生自己的解读。

Part A

小作文题目是：假设你赢得了一场翻译竞赛，你的好朋友杰克写了一封邮件来祝贺你并向你讨教翻译的经验，你写一个回复邮件来感谢他并给出你的建议。

写作思路：开头段写明写邮件的原因，即：感谢他和给出建议；第二段写出三点左右的建议，即：语法要扎实、词汇量要大和多做翻译练习；最后一段表达美好期望，即：希望我的方法对你有用。

大师兄中文范文：

亲爱的杰克：

谢谢你对我赢得翻译竞赛所表示的祝贺。我想根据我自己的经验给你几条学习翻译的经验。

首先，你需要有扎实的运用语法，语法是最重要的因素，因为它能让你更好地理解文章。第二，扩大你的词汇量很重要。因为只有当你的词汇量足够大你的翻译才能做得好。最后，你必须做大量的翻译练习，这是在翻译方面取得成功的关键。

希望我的建议对你有用。

李明

大师兄英语范文：

Dear Jack,

Thank you for your congratulation on my winning the translation contest.And I would like to give you several pieces of advice on learning translation based on my own experience.

I hope my advice will prove helpful to you.

Your sincerely

Li Ming Part B

2016年英语二大作文为饼状图作文，标题为“某高校学生旅行目的调查”，图中列明了“欣赏风景”、“缓解压力”、“交朋友”、“培养独立能力”和“其他”的各项占比，题目要求解读图表并评论。

写作思路：首段一句话说明图表的信息；第二段详细解读各种旅行目的所占的比例；第三段给出自己对这一现象的看法。

大师兄英语中文范文：

这篇饼图给出了某高校这是旅行目的调查的信息。

从图中可以看出，37%的学生旅行是为了欣赏风景，而这个目的所占比例也是最大的；33%的人为了缓解压

力而选择旅行，这是第二大目的。为了结交新朋友和培养独立能力而旅行的人都相对较少，分别为9%和6%。还有15%的学生旅行都不是出于上述目的。

我认为，欣赏风景和缓解压力成为学生旅行两大主要目的并不奇怪。首先，旅行的就是拜访各地的名胜古迹、山川等，所以观光是旅游必不可少的部分。其次，旅行能让人心情愉悦，精神放松，因而能大大缓解人们的压力。可以预见的是，更多人将会选择把旅行作为观光和放松的方式。

大师兄英语范文：

This pie chart gives information about students’purpose of traveling in an unnamed university.

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