2014年北京外国语大学翻译硕士ZF工作报告,考研常考重点,考研经验

2015年北京外国语大学考研指导

育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学、复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。

-The economy was stable and improved.The gross domestic product(GDP)reached56.9trillion yuan,an increase of7.7%over the previous year.The rise in the consumer price index(CPI)was kept at2.6%.The registered urban unemployment rate was kept at4.1%and13.1million urban jobs were created,an all-time high.Total imports and exports exceeded US$4trillion,reaching a new high.

——居民收入和经济效益持续提高。城镇居民人均可支配收入实际增长7%，农村居民人均纯收入实际增长9.3%，农村贫困人口减少1650万人，城乡居民收入差距继续缩小。规模以上工业企业利润增长12.2%。财政收入增长10.1%。

-Personal income continued to rise,and economic performance continued to improve.The per capita disposable income of urban residents rose by7%in real terms,and the per capita net income of rural residents rose by9.3%in real terms.The number of rural people living in poverty was reduced by16.5million and the urban-rural income gap continued to narrow.The profits of industrial enterprises with annual revenue of20million yuan or more from their main business operations rose by12.2%.Government revenue increased by10.1%.

——结构调整取得积极成效。粮食产量超过1.2万亿斤，实现“十连增”。服务业增加值比重达到46.1%，首次超过第二产业。中西部地区生产总值比重继续提高，区域发展协调性增强。全社会用电量增长7.5%，货运量增长9.9%，主要实物量指标与经济增长相互匹配。

-Progress was achieved in adjusting the economic structure.Grain output exceeded600million metric tons,increasing for the tenth consecutive year.The value-added of the service sector accounted for46.1%of GDP,surpassing secondary industry for the first time.The proportion of the gross regional product of the central and western regions to China's GDP continued to rise,and development in different regions became better balanced.China's total electricity consumption increased by7.5%,and the volume of freight transport rose by9.9%.Main real physical indexes matched economic growth.

——社会事业蓬勃发展。教育、科技、文化、卫生等领域取得新进步。神舟十号遨游太空，嫦娥三号成功登月，蛟龙深潜再创纪录，这表明中国人民完全有能力、有智慧实现建成创新型国家的目标。

-Social programs developed vigorously.Progress was made in education,science and technology, culture,and health.The Shenzhou-10spacecraft was sent into orbit.The Chang'e-3lunar lander successfully landed on the moon.The submersible Jiaolong broke the record for manned deep-sea dives.All this shows that the Chinese people definitely have the ability and wisdom to achieve the

objective of making the country more innovative.

过去一年，困难比预料的多，结果比预想的好。经济社会发展既有量的扩大，又有质的提升，为今后奠定了基础。这将鼓舞我们砥砺前行，不断创造新的辉煌。

In the last year,we met more difficulties but delivered a better performance than expected.The economy and society developed both quantitatively and qualitatively,thus laying a good foundation for future development.These achievements encourage us to forge ahead and make further progress.

一年来，我们坚持稳中求进工作总基调，统筹稳增长、调结构、促改革，坚持宏观政策要稳、微观政策要活、社会政策要托底，创新宏观调控思路和方式，采取一系列既利当前、更惠长远的举措，稳中有为，稳中提质，稳中有进，各项工作实现了良好开局。

Last year,we adhered to the general work guideline of making progress while maintaining stability.We worked to maintain stable growth,make structural adjustments and carry out reform in a holistic way.We ensured that the government's macro policies are stable,micro policies are flexible and social policies meet people's basic needs.We improved the ways of exercising macro-control and adopted measures with both short-term and long-term benefits in mind.We strove to break new ground,improve quality,and make progress while ensuring stability.All our work got off to a good start.

一是着力深化改革开放，激发市场活力和内生动力。在国内外环境错综复杂、宏观调控抉择两难的情况下，我们深处着力，把改革开放作为发展的根本之策，放开市场这只“看不见的手”，用好政府这只“看得见的手”，促进经济稳定增长。

First,we deepened reform and opening up,invigorated the market,and stimulated internal impetus to growth.In the face of complex international and domestic developments and difficult choices in macro-control,we endeavored to resolve deep-seated problems and difficulties,took reform and opening up as the fundamental way to advance development,and gave full rein to both the invisible hand of the market and the visible hand of the government to promote steady economic growth.

我们从政府自身改起，把加快转变职能、简政放权作为本届政府开门第一件大事。国务院机构改革有序实施，分批取消和下放了416项行政审批等事项，修订政府核准的投资项目目录，推动工商登记制度改革。各地积极推进政府职能转变和机构改革，大幅减少行政审批事项。扩大“营改增”试点，取消和免征行政事业性收费348项，减轻企业负担1500多亿元。这些

都为市场松了绑，为企业添了力，全国新注册企业增长27.6%，民间投资比重上升到63%。全面放开贷款利率管制，在全国进行中小企业股份转让系统试点。启动不动产统一登记。简政放权等改革，极大地激发了市场活力、发展动力和社会创造力。

Taking government reform as our starting point,we made accelerating the transformation of government functions,streamlining administration and delegating more power to lower-level governments the top priority ofthis government.Reform of State Council bodies was carried out in an orderly manner.We abolished or delegated to lower-level governments416items previously subject to State Council review and approval in batches,revised the list of investment projects requiring government review and approval,and carried forward reform of the business registration system.Local governments actively transformed their functions and reformed their departments, and greatly reduced the matters requiring their review and approval.The pilot project to replace business tax with value-added tax(VAT)was expanded,and348administrative fees were either canceled or exempted,thus reducing the burden on businesses by more than150billion yuan.All this further improved the market environment and invigorated businesses.The number of newly registered businesses increased by27.6%nationwide.Private investment increased to63%of the country's total investment.Interest rate controls on loans were completely lifted.A trial on implementing the National Equities and Exchange Quotations was carried out nationwide.Unified registration of immovable property was launched.The reform greatly invigorated the market and stimulated development and social creativity,and boosted our efforts to streamline administration and delegate more power to lower-level governments.

我们推动开放向深度拓展。设立中国上海自由贸易试验区，探索准入前国民待遇加负面清单的管理模式。提出建设丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路的构想。打造中国－东盟自贸区升级版。与瑞士、冰岛签署自由贸易协定。实施稳定外贸增长的政策，改善海关、检验检疫等监管服务。成功应对光伏“双反”等重大贸易摩擦。推动高铁、核电等技术装备走出国门，对外投资大幅增加，出境旅游近亿人次。开放的持续推进，扩大了发展的新空间。

We deepened reform endeavors.The China(Shanghai)Pilot Free Trade Zone was established and the management model of pre-establishment national treatment(PENT)with a negative list was introduced.The vision of establishing a Silk Road economic belt and a21st century maritime Silk Road was put forward.The China-ASEAN Free Trade Zone was upgraded.Free trade agreements were respectively signed with Switzerland and Iceland.We implemented the policy to keep increases in foreign trade stable and improved customs,inspection,quarantine and other supervision and control services.Major trade disputes over anti-dumping and countervailing duties on Chinese products,such as photovoltaic solar products,were successfully resolved.We marketed China's high-speed rail and nuclear power technologies and equipment on the

international market.China's outbound investment increased significantly.The number of Chinese tourists going overseas reached close to100million.The sustained progress of opening up created more space for China's development.

二是创新宏观调控思路和方式，确保经济运行处于合理区间。面对跌宕起伏的经济形势，我们保持定力，明确守住稳增长、保就业的下限和防通胀的上限，只要经济在合理区间运行，就集中精力抓住转方式调结构不放松，保持宏观政策基本取向不动摇，以增强市场信心、稳定社会预期。

初试注意五大要点：

1，要有一个安静的环境。不论在学校还是自己的家里什么的，要尽量给自己一个安静的环境。就这么一次尝试，要珍惜这次机会。

2，心态要宁静。谈恋爱的，互相鼓励最好，生气闹别扭要不得。一气好几天都浪费过去了。和同学老师家长都要和和气气的。一来考研就是你自己的事情，对别人不是什么天大的事情，别要求大家都那么担待你。二来自己也要清楚，考研的事情，心浮气躁无益于事，你急不急，它都在那里，每天都收获知识就行，别把自己所学的都暗暗换算成分数。

3，学习中回顾复习的功课要做到家。这可以说是最重要的一条啦。我们做过多少笔记，曾经有接触过多少新的知识，但是很多重要的东西因为我们不去时常翻阅被遗忘了。复习不浪费时间，是在为我们争取时间。涉猎众多，最后留下的才是自己的啊。大家都明白的。所以克服我们那种奇怪的心理，回头去看看自己以前的笔记吧。

4，在北方，考研学习的最好时间就是初夏啦，4、5、6月，天气不冷不热的，教室里的温度刚刚好，最适合刻苦学习，所以一定要珍惜这段时间。到了冬天供暖未来之前，天气那么冷，大家去教室学习的一定要穿厚点。不要怕丑，都要往厚里穿才行。

5，最后再说说初试以前用不用看文学的书。我的意见是要看的。以我个人为例，5、6、7、8月份我基本就是看了看文学和法语。英美的小说，中文的英文的能找到买到的我都看了一遍，有的喜欢的就老是看。英美诗歌就放在床边翻看。这就是为了自己别对文学太生疏，也是调剂下心情。更多详情可咨询育明教育孙老师QQ2967992282，或者拨打电话400-6998-626

英语翻译基础考研大纲

一．考试目的

《英语翻译基础》是全日制翻译硕士专业学位研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入MTI学习阶段的水平。

二、考试性质及范围：

本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。考试的范围包括MTI考生入学应具备的英语词汇量、语法知识以及英汉两种语言转换的基本技能。

三、考试基本要求

1.具备一定中外文化，以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。

2.具备扎实的英汉两种语言的基本功。

3.具备较强的英汉/汉英转换能力。

四、考试形式

本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，单项技能测试与综合技能测试相结合的方法，强调考生的英汉/汉英转换能力。试题分类参见“考试内容一览表”。

五、考试内容：

本考试包括二个部分：词语翻译和英汉互译。总分150分。

《英语翻译基础》考试内容一览表

序号题型题量分值

1词语

翻译英译汉

15个英文术语、缩略语

或专有名词

15汉译英

15个中文术语、缩略语

或专有名词

15

2英汉

互译英译汉

3段，1段为科普类，2段为普通类。

合计250-350个单词。60

汉译英3段，1段为科普类，2段为普通类。

合计300-400个汉字。

60

总计150I.词语翻译

1.考试要求

要求考生准确翻译中英文术语或专有名词。

2.题型

要求考生较为准确地写出题中的30个汉/英术语、缩略语或专有名词的对应目的语。汉/英文各15个，每个1分，总分30分。

II.英汉互译

1.考试要求

要求应试者具备英汉互译的基本技巧和能力；初步了解中国和英语国家的社会、文化等背景知识；译文忠实原文，无明显误译、漏译；译文通顺，用词正确、表达基本无误；译文无明显语法错误。

2．题型

要求考生较为准确地翻译出所给的文章，英译汉为250-350个单词，汉译英为150-250个汉字，各占60分，总分120分。

考研时事要点总结-----十八届三中全会公报要点双语对照

近几年考题有向国内时事发展的趋势。譬如2014年高翻和英院MTI 英汉互译就考了外媒报道十八届三中全会的内容。这里爱译来讲一讲十八届三中全会一些要点的翻法。另外建议大家看政府工作报告。接上爱译教育——【十八届三中全会公报要点双语对照①】

改革要点（main points of the reform ）：

中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第三次全体会议，于2013年11月9日至12日在北京举行。全会听取和讨论了习近平受中央政治局委托作的工作报告，审议通过了《中共中央关于全面深化改革若干

重大问题的决定》。习近平就《决定（讨论稿）》向全会作了说明。

指导思想（guidance）：高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导（to hold high the great banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics,follow the guidance of Deng Xiaoping Theory,the important thought of Three Represents and the Scientific Outlook on Development）。

总目标（general objective）：完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，推进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化（to improve and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics and push on with modernization of the country's governing system and capabilities）。

时间表（timetable）：到2020年，我国在重要领域和关键环节改革上取得决定性成果，形成系统完备、科学规范、运行有效的制度体系，使各方面制度更加成熟更加定型（Decisive results must be achieved in key sectors,and a well-developed,scientific,procedure-based and effective framework must be in place by2020to ensure institutions in all sectors be more mature）。

改革重点（key of the reform）：经济体制改革时全面深化改革的重点，核心是处理好政府和市场的关系，使市场在资源配置中发挥决定性作用和更好发挥政府作用（Economic reform is key,and the core solution is the proper relationship between the government and the market,leaving the market to play the decisive role in allocation of resources）。

新设机构（newly established institutions）：中央全面深化改革领导小组(a central leading team for “comprehensively deepening reform”)，负责改革总体设计、统筹协调、整体推进、督促落实(in charge of designing reform on an overall basis,arranging and coordinating reform,pushing forward reform as a whole,and supervising the implementation of reform plans)；国家安全委员会（state security committee），完善国家安全体制和国家安全战略，确保国家安全(improving systems and strategies to ensure national security)。

改革要点（main points of the reform）：

1.坚持和完善基本经济制度(to keep to and improve the basic economic system)：增强国有经济活力、控制力、影响力(to enhance the vitality of the state-owned sector of the economy and its capacity to leverage and influence the economy)，激发非公有制经济活力和创造力(Development in the non-public sector will be encouraged which will in turn stimulate vitality and creativity in the whole economy)。

2.加快完善现代市场体系(to speed up the improvement of modern market system)：完善主要由市场决定价格的机制(to improve the market price mechanism)。

3.加快转变政府职能(to speed up the transformation of government functions,)：建设法治政府和服务型政府(to establish a law-based and service-oriented government)。

4.深化财税体制改革(to deepen the reform of fiscal and tax system)：完善立法、明确事权、改革税制、稳定税负、透明预算、提高效率(to improve related legislation,ascertain government bodies' responsibilities,reform the taxation system,stabilize tax burden,ensure budgeting is transparent and efficiency improved)。

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5.健全城乡一体化体制机制(to improve institutions and mechanisms for promoting integrated urban and rural development)：赋予农民更多财产权利(to grant farmers more property rights)，推进城乡要素平等交换和公共资源均衡配置(to enhance equal exchange of factors of production between urban and rural areas and balance allocation of public resources between them)。

6.构建开放型经济新体制(to build a new open economic system)：放宽投资准入，加快自由贸易区建设（to relax investment access and speed up construction of free trade zones)。

7.加强社会主义民主政治制度建设(to improve the construction of socialist democratic political system)：发展基层民主(to develop grassroots democracy)。

8.推进法治中国建设(To build China under the rule of law)：确保依法独立公正行使审判权检察权(to ensure independence and fairness in prosecuting bodies and courts under the rule of law)。

9.强化权力运行制约和监督体系（to strengthen the restriction and supervision system of power operation）：健全惩治和预防腐败体系，建设廉洁政治，努力实现干部清正、政府清廉、政治清明(to improve the establishment of a system of combating corruption through both punishment and prevention,promote political integrity and see to it that officials are honest,the government is clean, and political integrity is upheld)。

10.推进文化体制机制创新(to promote innovation in cultural institutions and mechanisms)：完善文化管理体制，建立健全现代文化市场体系(to improve the cultural management system and establish a modern cultural market system)。

11.推进社会事业改革创新(to accelerate reform and innovation in social sectors)：深化教育领域综合改革，健全促进就业创业体制机制，建立更加公平可持续的社会保障制度，深化医药卫生体制改革(to deepen overall education reform,improve the institutions and mechanisms of employment and starting business,build a fairer and more sustainable social welfare system,deepen reform of the medical and health system)。

12.创新社会治理体制（to innovate the social management system）：创新有效预防和化解社会矛盾体制(to innovate a system that can effectively prevent and solve social contradiction)。建立国家安全委员会(to establish the state security committee)。

13.加快生态文明制度建设(to speed up the building of ecological civilization system)：实行资源有偿使用制度和生态补偿制度(to establish a system of compensation for the use of natural resources and the subsequent impact on the ecosystem)。

14.深化军队和国防改革(to deepen the reform of army and national defense)：深化军队体制编制调整改革(deepening reform of army establishments,pushing forward army policy adjustments)。

15.加强和改善党对全面深化改革的领导（the CPC must strengthen and improve its leadership in comprehensively deepening reform）：中央成立全面深化改革领导小组(The Communist Party of

China(CPC)will set up a central leading team for"comprehensively deepening reform")。

考研复试注意事项

复试注意事项：研究生复试技巧很重要，在笔试成绩相同的情况下，复试表现好的学生被录取的可能性会更大，因此要好好准备面试，掌握基本的面试要求会让你在面试中脱颖而出。

1

复试服装。

研究生复试虽然不像公务员面试那样要求服装那么严格，但是服装还是不要马虎的。虽然不一定穿正装，但是必须大方，得体。不要穿奇装异服，更不要留特别怪异的发型。记得一个学长说过，他的一个同学本来笔试成绩很好的，但是却在复试的时候被刷下来，只是因为她穿着紧身的靴裤区面试的。因为面试你的人中有的可能会成为你的导师，他们可能不喜欢这种装束，所以着装应该大方得体。

2

基本礼仪。

面试的礼仪必须要掌握好，免得在无意中影响到自己的得分和形象。比如进门之前要轻轻敲门，在得到允许后再进入；进入之后，面向考官要鞠躬问好，得到允许后在入座；回答之后要说回答完毕，谢谢考官等。这些基本的礼仪反应了一个人的素养，如果做不好，会影响到

个人整体的形象。

3

知识扎实。

在研究生复试的考官会问道一些专业的知识，这就要求你在平时的学习中，知识掌握的扎实。可能有的学科对英语要求比较高的话，考官还会要求你能用英语进行简单的回答，比如用英语简短的自我介绍等，这些可以在复试前做好准备，以备不时之需。

4

实事求是。

在考官问到的一些问题中，尤其是专业方面的问题，应该实事求是的回答，如果回答的幽默一点会取得想象不到的效果。我的一位同学专业方面的问题，她非常实在的说：“对不起，这个问题我不知道，但是以后跟着您，我不就知道了吗？”考官说：“小姑娘，你真可爱”。最终她当然是被录取了。

5

提前演练。

在面试中，很多人会觉得紧张，所以准备参加复试的同学，不妨在正式面试前，提前演练一下，找几个同学和老师，按照复试的方式坐在一起，想象复试的时候可能会问到的问题，彼此纠正对方的问题，这样在复试的时候可以将紧张感降低。

6

消除紧张。

复试一方面是考查学生对知识的掌握程度，另一方面则是考查学生的心理素质，所以复试的时候不紧张会让你提高成绩，可以多做几次深呼吸，自我暗示几次，这样效果会很好的。