2020届 二轮复习语法专项定语从句 学案 (1)

定语从句

必备知识梳理考点一关系代词引导的定语从句：

一．who、whom、whose引导的定语从句

1.who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中可作主语也可作宾语，whom

在从句中只作宾语，两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语

时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。

I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school

(who/whom/that) I met in the English speech contest last year.

(2017全国卷阅读七选五) Campers, in my eyes, were people that/who

enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping

bags.

2.whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于

of which，指人时相当于of whom。

(2016全国二卷阅读理解) I had an unexpected teaching assistant in

class whose creativity would infect other students.

二．that、which引导的定语从句

1.which指物，常在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物

均可，常在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。

She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been

constructed three years before.

(2016天津卷阅读表达) Every day I practiced reading and writing,

which I used to avoid as much as possible.

2.限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that不用which的情况：

(1).先行词为不定代词anything、nothing、something、everything、

all、some、none、little few、the one等时；

I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s

fault.

(2).先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或其前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时；

The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.

(3).先行词被the only、the very、the last、any、every、each、few、

little、no、some、all等修饰时。

The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.

(4).先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的词时。

They will never forget the things and persons that they’ve seen or

heard of during their long journey.

3.关系代词只用which而不用that的情况：

(1).关系词引导非限制性定语从句时。

The boy was away from home for a week, which worried his parents very much.

(2017全国三卷阅读理解) Bradford sold the buildingand land to a local

development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the

land wherethe theater is located.

(2).关系代词前有介词时。

We live in an age in which information is available with greater ease than ever before.

三．as引导的定语从句

1.as可以引导限制性定语从句，常用于“such/ the same+先行词+ as…”结

构中。

Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.

2.as也可以引导非限制性定语从句，补充说明整个句子，可放在主句之前、之

中或之后。常用的类似的插入语有as the saying goes、as is said above、

as is mentioned above、as often happens、as is often the case、as is

reported in the newspaper等。

“You can’t judge a book by its cover,”as the old saying goes.

考点二关系副词引导的定语从句：

一．where引导的定语从句

where表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语，相当于“介词+ which”

(2016天津卷阅读表达)I went to a special school where I got plenty of extra help.

二．when 引导的定语从句

when表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语，相当于“介词+which”。

(2016天津卷9) We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when

the weather may be better.

三．why 引导的定语从句

why表示原因，在定语从句中作原因状语，相当于“介词+which”。

Do you know the reason why he didn’t attend the meeting?

考点三“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句：

一．介词和关系代词的确定

若介词放在关系代词之前，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which。另外，whose也可以放在介词后，即“介词+ whose +名词”结构。一般来说，确定关

系代词前的介词，可以从以下三方面入手：

(1).先行词的意义；

(2).从句中的动词或形容词的固定搭配；

(3).句子的意思。

Trading leather shoes is the business to which Greens are devoted.( be

devoted to“献身、热衷、致力于”)

I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have

gone this far.

Recently I bought an ancient vase, whose price(＝the price ofwhich) was

very reasonable.

二．“of+关系代词引导的定语从句”

在some、any、few、little、none、all、both、neither、many、most、each

等代词或数词的前后表示整体与部分的关系可以用of which/whom。

John invited about 40 people to his wedding, most of whom are his family members.

A卷真题卷

单句填空题

1.The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005 --- when the

government started a soil-testing program ______________ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers --- and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons.

2.But Sarah, ______________ has taken part in shows along with top models,

wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.

3.But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the

mid-1980s, ______________ I was the first Western TV reporter.

4.Simon is a comedian and actor ______________ has 10 years’experience of

teaching comedy.

5.Frank Hurley, a confident and gifted Australian photographer who knew

the Antarctic, was hired to make the images, most of ______________ have never before been published.

6.Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,

______________ lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC, influenced the development of chopsticks.

7.When I was 13 my only purpose was to become the star on our football

team. That meant beating out Miller King, ______________was the best player at our school.

8.I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dreamplace for tourists seeking the limestone

mountain tops anddark waters of the Li River ______________ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.

9.She and her family bicycle to work, ______________ helps them keep fit.

10.Many westerners ______________ come to China cook much less than in

their own countries once they realize how cheap it can be to eat out. 11.Kate, ______________sister I shared a room with when we were at college,

has gone to work in Australia.

12.In1963 the UN set up the World Food Programe, oneof ______________

purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.

13.I live next door to a couple ______________children often make a lot of

noise.

14.Many young people, most of ______________ were well-educated, headed

for remote regions to chasetheir dreams.

15.Scientists have advanced many theoriesabout why human beings cry

tears, none of ______________ hasbeen proved.

16.The number of smokers, ______________ is reported, has dropped by 17

percent in just one year.

17.It is a truly delightful place, ______________ looks the same as it must have

done 100 years ago with itswinding streets and pretty cottages.

18.Creating an atmosphere in ______________ employees feel part of a team is

a big challenge.

19.He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of ______________ were

published in the 1990s.

20.The books on the desk, ______________coversare shiny, are prizes for us.

21.Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon ______________

school education depends.

22.China Today attracts a worldwide readership, ______________shows that

more and more people allover the world want to learn about China.

23.The exact year ______________ Angela andher family lived together in

China was 2008.

24.A company ______________ profits from homemarkets are declining may

seek opportunities abroad.

25.We’ll reach the sales targets in a month, ______________we set at the

beginning of the year.

26.Until now, we have raised50, 000 poundsfor the poor children,

______________ is quite unexpected.

答案解析:

1.that/which 先行词是物，空格在从句中做主语，故用关系代词；

2.who 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，缺少主语，先行词

是Sarah；

3.when 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是

mid-1980s，从句缺少状语，故用关系副词；

4.who/that 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是人，用关系代词；

5.which 此处是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词是image，故用which；

6.who 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，从

句缺少主语；

7.who 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，从

句缺少主语；

8.that/which 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词指物，

从句中缺少主语，故用that或which；

9.which 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中做主语，

指代前面整个句子的内容，故用which；

10.who/that westerners是先行词，关系代词在定语从句中作主语；

11.whose whose在非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰sister；

12.whose whose在非限制性定语从句中作定语，修饰purpose；

13.whose 先行词是couple，由语境可知children和couple是所属关系，故用

whose；

14.whom 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词是

people，在逻辑上是介词of的宾语，故用whom；

15.which 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词为

theories，作介词of的宾语；

16.as as在此处引导定语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示正如……，代替整个主句

的内容；

17.which which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词place且在从句中作主语；

18.which 先行词为atmosphere，在从句中作逻辑上的地点状语，此处in

which=where；

19.which 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，关系代词

which指代的前面的books；

20.whose 先行词books和covers之间是逻辑上的所属关系，故用whose；

21.which 此处是一个定语从句，先行词表物，故用关系代词作介词upon的宾语；

22.which 先行词指前面的整个主句，空格处在从句中作主语，故用which；

23.when 先行词year在定语从句中是逻辑关系上的状语，故用when；

24.whose 先行词company和profits是逻辑上的所属关系，故用whose；

25.which 分析句子结构可知，空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词targets

在定语从句中作set的宾语，故用which；

26.which 先行词是前面的整个主句，空格处在定语从句中作主语；故用which。单句改错题

1.They also had a small pond which they raised fish.

2.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.

答案解析:

1.which→where或which前加in先行词是pond，关系副词在定语从句中作状

语，相当于in which，故有两种改法；

2.what→which/that或去掉what 先行词指物，定语从句引导词在从句中宾

语，此时关系代词亦可省略。

B卷模拟卷

单句填空题

1.Iwill never forget such abeautiful village ______________I spent my

childhood with mygrandparents.

2.There they met people fromother parts of the country, ______________ had

also volunteered to help.

3.Bob is in a hopeless situation, ______________ we will keep a very close eye

on.

4.The old man turned his business over to his younger son,

______________made his elder son discouraged.

5.Tom’s new watch ______________ hands(指针) are made of gold is quite

expensive.

6.Prince William took a visit tothe Forbidden City on March 2,

______________ emperors once lived.

7.We have a living room, twobedrooms with wonderful balconies and a

kitchen, ______________ my mom always cooks great delicious food

8.Looking at the spot ______________the bird had risen, I saw two eggs.

9.Water rafting, ______________courage plays an important role, is a

breathtaking outdoor sport.

10.He worked in a car factoryfor four years, after______________ he founded

his own company in his hometown.

11.If the earth is poisoned, the water, the food and the animals will be

poisoned, ______________means that we who poison the earth will be poisoned too.

12.There, lying in the muddyriver bed was a little dog about two months old,

______________ front legs were tightly tied with ropes.

13.The stadium is very splendid andattractive in appearance,

______________may be imagined.

14.Now their talks have reacheda key stage ______________one side must give

in to the other.

15.He wrote a long letter ______________he explained what had happened in

the accident.

16.We are hoping for support from Mr Webster, without______________

support we can’t make it.

17.Some of the teachers at the college asked Dr Naismith to invent a game

______________ can beplayed indoors.

18.Sierra Leone is a country ______________ basic health facilities are lacking

and many people are struggling with poverty.

19.Those motorcycles, ______________ a huge umbrella is fixed, are a huge

threat to people walking in the street.

20.I’m sorry not to have replied toyour letter earlier, for______________I must

say I apologize.

21.Almost every teenager will experience a period in their life______________

they aren’t contentwith their parents.

22.Once there lived a rich man ______________ wanted to do something for the

peopleof his town.

23.We’ve reached theNullabor Plain______________ stretches for 1,000 km

and iscompletely flat.

24.Without thinking too muchabout it, I went to the Student Affairs Office

______________ I knew I could find clothes in the “Lost and Found”box.

25.With the tourist trade booming, the residents of this area are paying more

attention to the protection of nature, ______________, of course, is of great importance.

26.Nowadays, school violence isa hot issue. I think this is a

phenomenon______________ calls for our great concern.

27.He led me to a table and offered me a cup of tea, and I asked him why he

had placeda “Sold Out”sign on the door on a night ______________ there were thirty vacant tables.

28.They think it may be somethingunusual______________ lives in the water.

29.The gentleman, ______________ had been calling “sir”during the whole

interview, waswearing a skirt.

30.She doesn’t know the reason______________ she always makes the same

mistake.

参考答案:

1.where;

2.who;

3.which;

4.which;

5.whose;

6.where;

7.where;

8.where;

9.where;

10.which;

11.which;

12.whose;

13.as;

14.where;

15.where;

16.whose;

17.that/which;

18.where;

19.where;

20.which;

21.when;

22.who/that;

23.which/that;

24.where;

25.which;

26.which;

27.when;

28.that;

29.who/whom;

30.why

单句改错题

1.I will never forget the days which we had a good time together at the sea.

2.Who is the man who has white hairs?

3.We’re going to visit the school where your brother works there.

4.I have two sisters, both of them are doctors.

5.His dog, that was now very old, became weaker and worse.

6.Everything which we saw was of great interest.

7.I’ve read all the books which I borrowed from the library.

8.The house in that we live is very small.

9.The dishes what I cooked were Mom’s favorite.

10.The film brought the hours back to me which I was taken good care of in

that faraway village.

参考答案:

1.which→when;

2.第二个who→that;

3.去掉there;

4.them→whom;

5.that→which;

6.which→that;

7.which→that;

8.that→which;

9.what→that/which;

10.which→when

高一英语语法定语从句归纳总结.pdf

高一英语定语从句的归纳一．几个基本概念 1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词（名词或代词）之后。 4.引导词：引导定语从句的词（包括关系代词和关系副词）。 ﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as ﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why 5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前（先行词之后）。【as除外】 6.引导词的功能（作用）： ﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。 ﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分（关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语）。 7.定语从句的类型： ﹙1﹚限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间无逗号）。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句 Themanwhoyou’retalkingtoismyfriend. ②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导 Themantowhomyou’retalkingismyfriend. IneedapenwithwhichIcanwritealetter. =IneedapieceofpaperonwhichIcanwritealetter. 介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在 从句之尾。例如： Theman(who/whom/that)ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity. =ThemanaboutwhomItalkedatthemeetingisfromBeijingUniversity. Thepalace(which/that)Ioftenpayavisittowasbuiltinthe17thcentury. =ThepalacetowhichIoftenpayavisitwasbuiltinthe17thcentury. ﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导。 Iliveinahousefarawayfromthecity,infrontofwhichisabigtree. Thereisanappletreestandingatthegate,onwhicharemanyapples. ThisisthemantowhomIgavethebook. ③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“ofwhich/whom+名词/代词”(先行词指 人用whom,指物用which)引导。 One,some,any,none,all,both,several,many,most,neither,either等词、数词、分数或百分比与ofwhom或ofwhich连用。 Hehasfivechildren,twoofwhomareabroad. (比较：Hehasfivechildren,andtwoofthemareabroad.) Wehavethreebooks,noneofwhichis/areinteresting. (比较：Wehavethreebooks,butnoneofthemis/areinteresting.) 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句 一样。但要注意以下区别。 1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。 2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻译时可译成两个句子。

2020届 二轮复习语法专项定语从句学案 (2)

①阅读理解中的长难句； ②考关系词：语法填空（不给提示词）和短文改错（增删关系词、关系词用错）。 读句子，猜猜他是谁？ He is a player who is very famous in the world. Heplaysfootballwhichispopularallovertheworld. Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger. He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held. Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyearwhenthe18thWorld Cup washeld. Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful? 定语从句

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He is a player who is very famous in the world. Heplaysfootball which ispopularallovertheworld. Heisamanwhosewifeisaworld-famoussinger. He lives in the country where the 2012 Olympic was held. Hewastheleaderoftheteamintheyear when the18thWorld Cup washeld. Do you know the reason why he is so famous and successful? 指出如下句子的先行词、关系词和定语从句： The boy who broke the window is Tom ’s brother. He was the leader of the team in the year when the 18th World Cup was held. 先行词：the boy、the year 关系词：who、when 定语从句：who broke the window is Tom’s brother.when the 18th World Cup was held. 2)为什么有不同的关系词？ He is a player who is very famous in the world. 拆分：He is a player. The player is very famous in the world.（主语） 拆分句子，并观察先行词在从句中充当什么成分。 I have never seen the girl who you mentioned yesterday. She is the teacher who we want to visit. 即学即练

高中英语语法系列：定语从句

高中英语语法系列：定语从句 知识要点 1.关系代词和关系副词的选用 2.限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 3.几组的关系词特殊用法 一、定义：在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。 The happy man who lives next to me sells vegetables. You must do everything that I do. 被定语从句修饰的词，叫先行词。比如上面两句中的man和everything. 引导定语从句的词，叫关系代词和关系副词。比如who,whom,that,which,wh ere,when,why等 关系词三重作用：①连接主从句；②指代先行词；③在定语从句中担任句子成分。 The man who lives next to me sells vegetables. 该句中，who lives next to me是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系词 引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whom,which,that,whose,as等和关系副词w here,when,why等。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成分。

1.用关系代词that,which,who,whom引导的定语从句 who指人，用作主语 whom指人，用作宾语 which指物，用作主语、宾语皆可 that指人和物，用作主语、宾语皆可 The teacher who visits our school today is from Guangzhou. Mrs Read is the person whom you should write to. They planted some trees which didn’t need much water. The fish(which)we bought this morning were not fresh. A plane is a machine that can fly. The noodles(that)I cooked were delicious. 2.用关系代词whose引导的定语从句： 先行词既可指人，也可指物，一般译为“谁的”“什么东西的”，请看例子 The room whose window faces south is mine. 3.用关系副词when、where、why引导的定语从句 (1)when在从句中作时间状语 October lst,1949is the day when(=on which)the People’s Republic of Chin a was founded. (2)where在从句中作地点状语 I recently went to the town where(=in which)I was born. (3)why在从句中作原因状语 The reason why(=for which)he was late was that he missed the train.

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(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

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定语从句知识应该掌握到什么程度 Learning aims: 1. 关系副词where/when/why引导的定语从句 2. 介词+which/whom 引导的定语从句 1.关系副词引导定语从句 在定语从句中，关系副词主要有3个：when, where和why. 1）when 在定语从句中表时间，作状语，其先行词往往是表示时间的名词，如：time, day, season, age, occasion 等。 I can’t forget the night when I came to the farm. 翻译：__________________________________________________ 2)where在定语从句中表示地点，作状语，其先行词通常是place, city, town, factory, table, village, house等表示地点的名词 situation, case, condition, point等表示 抽象意义的名词。 The factory where his father works is in the west of the city. 翻译：____________________________________________________ The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time. 翻译：____________________________________________________ 3) why在定语从句中表示原因，作状语，先行词一般是reason. That is the reason why I did so. 翻译：___________________________ I don’t know the reason why he didn’t come to school yesterday. 翻译：_____________________________________________________ 【注意】 1)并非先行词表示时间、地点或原因时,引导词就用when, where 或why;若定语从句中不缺 状语而缺主语或宾语则须用which或 that引导定语从句。 I’ll never forget the days______ we worked together. I’ll never forget the days ______we spent together. Do you know the reason ______he failed in the exam this time The reason _____he gave me was reasonable. 2) when, where, why,引导的定语从句可用“介词+which”来替换。其介词可根据先行词和 定语从句中的谓语动词来判断。 A.when相当于at/in/on/during等+which. The date on which he joined the Party was July 1，1984. 翻译：

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定语从句导学案全

Attributive clause(定语从句) 定义: 定语：修饰名词或者代词，翻译为“……的”the beautiful girl the handsome boy the lovely dog The girl in blue 定语从句: 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。一般放在名词或代词后面The boy who is reading is Tom. Hospital is a place where a doctor works. 关系词：引导定语从句的词称为关系词。关系词分为关系代词 （that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词(when,where,why)。 先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 限制性定语从句 第一部关系代词的使用 Task 1: 1、勾画出以下句子的关系代词 2、勾画出以下句子的定语从句 1）The limit that/which may prevent us from realizing our dream is our doubts of today. 2）The man who/that seeks something will be young forever. 3）The dream whose main content concerns about love will brighten the world. 4）The man whose dream has been forgotten will be forgotten by future. 5）Those guys who/whom/略God helps are people who/that never give up. 6) The dream which/that/略people hold should be always positive. 关系代词有_________________________________________________________ Task 2根据上题总结关系代词的用法。 先行词关系词在定语从 句中作主语关系词在定语从 句中做宾语 关系词在定语从 句中做定语 指人 指物 Conclusion: (1)当定语从句中缺少主语或者______的时候，用关系词_______________。 (2)当定语从句中缺少定语的时候，用关系词_________________。 (3)当定语从句中主语、宾语和定语都在的时候，用关系词_______________。问：什么情况下关系代词可以省略？ 注意：1、whose可指人或者物，修饰名词或者代词，在定语从句中充当定语。

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介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前， 也可放在从句之尾。例如： The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century. =The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century. ﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句（主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开）。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ②由介词+关系代词（whom/which）引导。 I live in a house far away from the city, in front of which is a big tree. There is an apple tree standing at the gate, on which are many apples. This is the man to whom I gave the book. 先行词指 ③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”（ 人用whom,指物用which)引导。One, some, any, none, all, both, several, many, most, neither, either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。 He has five children, two of whom are abroad. (比较：He has five children, and two of them are abroad.) We have three books, none of which is/are interesting. (比较：We have three books, but none of them is/are interesting.) 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定 性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。 1.在形式上非限定性定语从句与主句有逗号隔开。 2.非限定性定语从句的作用：它只是补充说明先行词的情况，翻译时可译成两个 句子。 The engineer, whose leg was badly hurt, was quickly sent to hospital. （那位工程师被很快送往医院，其腿部受了重伤） The engineer whose leg was badly hurt was quickly sent to hospital. （那位腿部受了重伤的工程师被很快送往医院）

2020届 二轮复习语法专项定语从句学案 (1)

定语从句

必备知识梳理考点一关系代词引导的定语从句： 一．who、whom、whose引导的定语从句

1.who或whom均可指代人，但who在从句中可作主语也可作宾语，whom 在从句中只作宾语，两者在引导限制性定语从句时常可用that替换。作主语 时，who/that不可省略；作宾语时，whom/who/that可以省略。 I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school (who/whom/that) I met in the English speech contest last year. (2017全国卷阅读七选五) Campers, in my eyes, were people that/who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. 2.whose表所属关系，一般指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。指物时相当于 of which，指人时相当于of whom。 (2016全国二卷阅读理解) I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect other students. 二．that、which引导的定语从句 1.which指物，常在从句中作主语、宾语，作宾语时可以省略。that指人或物 均可，常在从句中作主语、宾语、表语，作宾语时可以省略。 She showed the visitors around the museum that/which had been constructed three years before. (2016天津卷阅读表达) Every day I practiced reading and writing, which I used to avoid as much as possible. 2.限制性定语从句中，关系代词只用that不用which的情况： (1).先行词为不定代词anything、nothing、something、everything、 all、some、none、little few、the one等时； I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else’s fault. (2).先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或其前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时； The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill. (3).先行词被the only、the very、the last、any、every、each、few、

定语从句导学案和答案

定语从句导学案 你如何给“成功”、“银行家”、“人类”“美”“婚姻”这些词下定义呢？现在我们来看看这几则定义吧： 1. SUCCESS A successful man is one makes more money than his wife can spend. A successful woman is one can find such a man. 2. A banker is a fellow lends you his umbrella when the sun is shining, but wants it back the minute it begins to rain. 3. Human beings are the only creatures on earth ，allow their children to come back home. 4. Beauty is the first present nature gives to woman and the first it takes away. 5. Marriage is an institution in a man loses his bachelor's degree and the woman gets her master's. 怎么样？是谁在说定语从句枯燥无趣的？我们再来看看充满智慧的名言，给它们添加上合适的关系词： 1 . A friend ____ you buy with presents will be bought from you.用礼物“买来”的朋友终会被买走。 2. Friendship is the golden thread ____ ties the hearts of all the world. 友谊是一根金线，把全世界的心连在一起。 3. Chances favor the minds ____ are prepared. 机遇总是降临到时刻做好准备的人身上。 4. If you wait, all ____ happens is that you get older. 如果你等待，发生的只是你变老。 5. He ____ falls today, may rise tomorrow. 今日失败的人，也许明日就会奋起。 6．The worst bankrupt is the person ____ has lost his enthusiasm.最惨的破产就是丧失自己的热情。 7. Courage is the ladder on ____ all the other virtues mount.勇气是一架梯子，其他美德全靠它爬上去.。 8. Never leave that until tomorrow, _____ you can do today . 今天的事不要拖到明天 9. Love should be a tree ____ roots are deep in the earth, but ____ branches extend into heaven. 爱情之树应该深深扎在泥土中，而其枝条则要伸展于广阔的天空。 10. Home is the place ____ ,when you have to go there , it has to take you in. 无论何时何地家永远是向游子敞开大门的地方。11. The only thing ____will stop you from fulfilling your dreams is you. 惟一阻挡你实现梦想的就是你自己。 12. The dictionary is the only place ____success comes before work. 只有在字典中，“成功”才会出现在“工作”之前。13. The shortest word ___I know is “I”. The sweetest word ____I know is "love".The only person ____I never forget is "you!" （不必翻译了吧？你懂的！） 现在请你看看下面的答案，看自己做对了多少：1. (who/that/whom) 2. which/that 3. which/that 4. that(先行词是指物的不定代词时一般用that) 5. who/that 6. who/that 7. which（介词后不用that哟）8. which（先行词是that, 我们就别重复用了吧，还有，看到逗号了吧？这是一句非限制性定语从句）9. whose, whose 10.where 11. that 12. where 13. 这三句甜言蜜语中的关系代词that均可省略 掌握定语从句的用法，必须突破以下难关： 我们见到定语从句时一定要仔细分析一下定语从句的含义。不要一见到先行词是时间或者地点名词就用when或where引导，而应看看引导词在定语从句中应作什么成份。如果作时间、地点或原因状语才能用when，where和why。也可以分析一下定语从句中是否有主语或宾语。如果既有主语又有宾语，可以用when, where或why引导；假若没有主语和宾语，那么就要考虑是否用that或which来引导了。如: A. Do you still remember the day_____ we met? B. Do you remember the day_____ we spent with professor Li in Xi’ an? 类似的例子还有： C. This is the place____we visited last year. A.where B、which C、to which D、by which). （选B . which是关系代词作宾语，指物） D. We will visit the place ____ he worked three years ago. A.where B、which C、that D、by which). （选A. where是关系副词作状语）。 E. I went to Beijing last year, ____ I visited the