1.Tacticity:proportion of stereoregular polymer in total polymer.
2.Configuration:The fixed spatial arrangement of atoms in organic molecules
3.Step-growth polymerization:step/wise reaction between the funcional groups of reactants.
4.Chain-growth polymerization:initiator species R* with a reactive center-free radical. Cation anion.orbital
5.Living polymerization:The polymerization which has no termination and transfer
6.free radical polymerization: The polymerization which uses free radical for chain-initiation
7.initiation:The first process of polymerization which produce free radical polymerization
8.Emulsion polymerization:The polymerization which uses emulsifier for making the monomer become emulsion in water
9.Suspension polymerization:The polymerization which adds initiators to the suspension in water.
13.conformation:three dimensional geometric arrangement of the polymer, which changes easily when the bonds are rotated.
17:excluded volume: one part of a long chain molecule can not occupy space that is already occupied by another part of the same molecule
22.crystallinity: is usually specified as a percentage of the volume of the material that is crystalline.
23.Single crystal: A solid in which the crystal lattice of the entire sample is continuous and unbroken to the edges of sample,with no grain boundaries.
24.Spherulite:Typia for spherulites arethe maltese crosses which indicate the orientation of polarizer and analyzer and the ring patterns.
25.kineics of crystallization:
26.First - order phase transition: A first-order transition is defined as on for which a discontinuity occurs in the first derivative of the Gibbs free energy
27.Second-order phase transition:
Glass transition Temperature: the temperature that marks the chain’s transition from the frozen state to the moving state is called the Tg.
28.Free volume:the unoccupied space in a sample arising from the inefficient packing of disordered chains in the amorphous regions.
30.Chain stiffness:the difficulty with which the backbone chain bonds can rotate.
31. Rheology: The material deformation and flow properties under the action of external force , mainly refers to the connections between viscosity and stress deformation strain rate in the processing,
32. Newtonian fluid: Newton fluid is a low viscous fluid, the rate between shear stress and deformation is proportional .
33. Shear-thinning: Is a phenomenon, in the processing of pseudo plastic fluid, the apparent viscosity decreases with the increase of shear stress .
34. Heat-Distortion temperature: Put some load on polymer materials or polymer, with a certain heating rate, the temperature of when they reach the required corresponding . 35. Modulus:the ratio of stress to strain under the state of stress, the ability of the material to resist elastic deformation under external force
36. Compliance: In the case of axial stress ,the size of deformation which along the vertical axial direction.
37. Creep:under the same stress, the strain of the Solid material increased with time extending.
38. Viscoelasticity: polymer materials show obvious elasticity and Viscosity because of the multiplicity of Molecular motion unit.
39. Relaxation time: The time of the material from a stable state to another stable state.
40. tensile strength: In the tensile test, the maximum tensile stress until the specimen is snapped.
41. Tough fracture:Member after fracture curred after large deformation
42.Time-temperature superposition principle:the high temperature and long observation time is equivalent to the molecular motion of polymers and viscoelastic behaviour.
43. Thermoplastic:Substances can occur flow deformation in the
heating, cooling after nature can maintain certain shape
44. Plasticizer:A kind of polymer additives
45. Entropic elasticity:Because the system entropy change caused by elastic called entropic elasticity
46. Vulcanization:The process of linear polymer formed the polymer mesh by crosslinking
47. Effective crosslinks:
48. Entanglement:is the thermal motion of very long linear,entangled macromolecules in polymer melts or concentrated polmer solutions.
49. Storage modulus:Ability to express elastic deformation energy storage material
50.loss modulus:Describe the phenomenon that the consumption of energy is to be heat when the materials deform