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初中英语形容词和副词的用法

初中英语形容词和副词的用法
初中英语形容词和副词的用法

形容词

一.定义:用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。

二.

注意:(1)有些形容词只能作表语,如:alone, afraid, asleep 等。例如:

Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep. The old man is alone.

(2)当形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing, everything等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。

例如:You'd better tell us something interesting. The police found nothing strange in the room.

(3)多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:1)冠词或人称代词2)数词3)性质4)大小5)形状6)

表示老少,新旧7)颜色8)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。

例如:His grandpa still lives in this small short house. 他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。

The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。

(4)形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich / poor; good

/ bad ; young / old ; healthy / ill ; living / dead ; black / white (表示人种等)。

例如:The young should take good care of the old. 年轻人应该好好照顾老人。

三.以-ly结尾的形容词

1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。

2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early等。

如:The Times is a weekly paper. 《时代周刊》为周刊。

The Times is published weekly. 《时代周刊》每周发行一期。

四、比较级:(1)原级比较;

当表示“A和B一样\不一样”时:用A +be+ as +adj.原级+as +B 结构;

当表示“A是B的……倍”时,用A +be+倍数+ as +adj.原级+as +B 结构;

当表示“A是B的一半”时,用A +be+ half + as +adj.原级+as +B 结构;

(2)两者之间比较时,用A +be+ 形容词比较级+B 结构;如:My room is bigger than his room.

(3) 当三者或多个对象比较时,用A +be+ the +形容词最高级+of+名词复数;

如:Tom is the highest students in our class;

(4)表示“越……,越……”时,用“the +比较级,the +比较级”;

(5)表示“越来越……”时,用“比较级+比较级”结构;

(6)表示“最……的……之一”时,用“one of +the +形容词最高级+名词复数”机构;

【注意】:这些程度副词a little, a bit, a great deal, a lot, much, even, still, far, rather, any等可修饰比较级,放在其前;

五:形容词副词的比较级和最高级的构成:

单音节词的比较级在词后+ er; 最高级+ est; 如:long—longer—longest;

多音节词的比较级在词前+ more, 最高级在词前+ most; 如:beautiful—more beautiful—most beautiful;

副词

一、副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。

二、副词的分类:(1)时间副词:today, now, already, soon, yet..等;(2) 地点副词:here, there, home, out..等;

(3) 方式副词:well, quietly, quickly…等;(4) 程度副词:much, rather, too, enough…等;

(5) 疑问副词\关系副词:when, where, how, why…等;(6)频度副词:often, hardly, usually, never, once..等;

(6) 其他副词:perhaps, also, only…等;

三、副词的位置:

1)在实义动词之前。2)在be动词、助动词之后。3)多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。【注意】:a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾,但宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。

b. 方式副词well,badly,hard等只放在句尾。例如:He speaks English well. 他英语说得好。

四、副词的排列顺序:

1)时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。

2)方式副词,短的在前,长的在后,并用and或but等连词连接。例如:

Please write slowly and carefully. 请写得慢一些,仔细一些

3)多个不同副词排列:程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

【注意】:(1) 副词very 可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。

(2) 副词enough要放在形容词的后面,形容词enough放在名词前后都可。例如:

I don\'t know him well enough. 他我不熟悉。There is enough food for everyone to eat.有足够的食物供每个人吃。

五、兼有两种形式的副词

1)close与closely: close意思是"近";closely 意思是"仔细地"。例如:

He is sitting close to me. 他就坐在我边上。Watch him closely. 盯着他。

2)late 与lately: late意思是\"晚\";lately 意思是\"最近\"。例如:

You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。What have you been doing lately? 近来好吗?

3)deep与deeply: deep意思是\"深\",表示空间深度;deeply时常表示感情上的深度,\"深深地\"。例如:He pushed the stick deep into the mud.他把棍子深深插进泥里。

Even father was deeply moved by the film.老爸也被电影深深打动了。

4)high与highly: high表示空间高度;highly表示程度,相当于much。例如:

The plane was flying high. 这架飞机飞得很高。I think highly of your opinion. 你的看法很有道理。

5)wide与widely: wide表示空间宽度;widely意思是\"广泛地\",\"在许多地方\"。例如:

He opened the door wide. 他把门开得大大的。English is widely used in the world.英语在世界范围内广泛使用。

6)free与freely: free的意思是\"免费\";freely 的意思是\"无限制地\"。例如:

You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.无论什么时候,我这饭馆免费对你开放。

六、各种类型副词的位置

英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副词等。下面来介绍一下副词的分类方法:

(1)多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:He runs slowly.

(2)时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:They went to the park yesterday morning.

I heard him sing English songs over there.

【注意】:有时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用。如:Yesterday I got up late. 昨天我起床很晚。(3)频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前。如:He is seldom ill.

You must always remember this.I often write to my parents.

【注意】:有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:

Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.

(4)程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:

I nearly missed the bus.

(5)否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:

She seldom goes out at night. 她晚上很少出门。I am never late for school. 我上学从不迟到。

(6)疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When can you come?你什么时候来?

(7)同时存在时间和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如:The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.

注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:late, wide, well, fast, easy, early 等;

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

(英语) 中考英语形容词专项训练100(附答案)

(英语)中考英语形容词专项训练100(附答案) 一、初中英语形容词 1.—Shaoyang has changed a lot in the past few years. —Yes. It is getting_________. A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——在过去的几年里邵阳有了很大的变化。——是的,它变得更干净了。A.干净的,原级;B.更干净的,比较级;C.最干净的,最高级。根据句子可知是指以前和现在作比较,用比较级,故选B。 【点评】考查形容词比较级,注意平时识记其结构,理解句意。 2.Wang Wei speaks English as ________ as Yang Lan. They both study English hard. A. good B. well C. better D. best 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:王伟的英语讲的和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。可知as…as中间用形容词或副词原级;此处是副词修饰动词speak。good好的,形容词原形;well好地,副词原形,better比较级;best最高级,故选B。 【点评】此题考查形容词原级。注意as...as中间跟形容词或副词原级。 3.—If there are ________ people driving, there will be ________ air pollution. —Yes, and the air will be fresher. A. less; less B. less; fewer C. fewer; fewer D. fewer; less 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:——如果开车的人越少,空气污染越少。——是的,空气将会更新鲜。little少的,形容词,其比较级是less,修饰不可数名词,few几乎没有,形容词,其比较级是fewer,更少,修饰可数名词,people,可数名词,用fewer修饰,air pollution,空气污染,不可数名词,用less修饰,故选D。 【点评】考查形容词的辨析。注意less和fewer意思和用法。 4.—You haven't said a ________ word since last Friday. What's wrong? —Nothing. Just leave me alone. A. simple B. single C. similar D. silent 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意:——自从上周五你没有说一句话,怎么了?——没事,仅仅让我单独待会。A.简单的;B.单一的;C.相似的;D.沉默的。根据Just leave me alone.仅仅让我单独待会,可知没有说一句话,say a single word,说一句话,故选B。 【点评】考查形容词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。 5.—Lucy, our father's birthday is coming. Let's buy a card for him.

英语中副词及用法

副词的定义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。 副词的分类: 1) 时间和频度副词: now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday. 2) 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on. 3) 方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly 4) 程度副词: much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly. 5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why. 6) 关系副词: when, where, why. 7) 连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether. 副词的用法: 副词在句中可作状语,表语,短语。 He works hard. 他工作努力。 You speak English quite well. 你英语讲的很好。 Is she in ? 她在家吗?

初中英语形容词与副词总复习

初中英语形容词与副词总复习

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形容词、副词用法专题精讲 Ⅰ形容词 一、形容词的一般用法 1.作定语,一般放在所修饰词的前面。例如,It’s a cold and windyday. 2.作表语,放在系动词的后面。例如,He looks happy today. 3.形容词修饰something,anything,nothing,everything等复合不定代词时,须放在其后。 例如,Would you like something hotto drink? 4.表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形容词,应放在相应的名词之后。例如,Howlong is the river?Its abouttwo hundred metres long. 5.只能作表语的形容词:afraid害怕;alone独自的;asleep睡着的;awake醒着的;alive活着的;well健康的;ill病的;frightened害怕的例如,The man is ill.(正) The ill man is my uncle.(误) 6.只能作定语的形容词:little小的;only唯一的;wooden木质的;woolen羊毛质的;elder年长的 例如,Myelder brother is in Beijing.(正) My brother is elder. (误) 7.貌似副词的形容词:lonely独自的;friendly友好的;lively生动的;lovely可爱的 8.复合形容词:snow-white雪白的English-speaking说英语的;glass-topped玻璃罩的;full-time全日制的;well-known众所周知的;kind-hearted善良的;man-made人造的;take-away可以带走的;ten-year-old十岁的。 二、多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词(冠词、指示代词、形容词性物主代词、数词)——描绘词(大小,长短,形状,新旧,长幼,颜色)——出处——材料性质——类别——名词 A small roundtable一张小圆桌Atallwhite building一幢高大的白色建筑物 A dirtyold black shirt一件又脏又旧的黑色衬衣 A famousAmerican medical school一个非常著名 的美国医学院 三、形容词常用句型 1.“It’s +adj.+of+sb.+不定式”表示“某人(做某事)怎么样”。 注意:这一句型中常用描述行为者的性格、品质的形容词,如good(好的),kind(友善的),nice(友好的),polite(有礼貌的),cl ever(聪明的),foolish(愚蠢的),lazy(懒惰的),careful(细心的),careless(粗心的),right(正确的),wrong(错误的)等。例如,It’svery kindof you to helpme.(=Youare very kindtohelp me.)你能帮助我,真好。 It’s very rudeof herto say such words.(=Sheis very rude to say suchword s.)她说这样的话,真粗鲁。?It’s foolish ofhim to go alone.(=Heis foolishto goalone.)他单独出去太傻了。 2.“It’s+adj.+for+sb.+不定式”表示“做某事对某人来说怎么样”。 注意:这一句型中常用的形容词有important(重要的),necessary(必要的),difficult(困难的),easy(容易的),h ard(艰难的),dangerous(危险的),safe(安全的),useful(有益的),pleasant(舒适的),interesting(有趣的),impo

初中英语语法大全:形容词和副词

初中英语语法大全:形容词和副词 A:形容词 1、形容词及其用法 形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征。通常,可将形容词分 成性质形容词和叙述形容词两类,其位置不一定都放在名词前面。 1) 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词,它有级的变化,可以用程度副词修饰,在句中可作定语、表语和补语。例如:hot 热的。 2) 叙述形容词只能作表语,所以又称为表语形容词。这类形容词没有级的 变化,也不可用程度副词修饰。大多数以a开头的形容词都属于这一类。 例如:afraid 害怕的。 (错)He is an ill man. (对)The man is ill. (错)She is an afraid girl. (对)The girl is afraid. 这类词还有:well,unwell,ill,faint,afraid,alike,alive,alone,asleep,awake 等。 3)形容词作定语修饰名词时,要放在名词的前边。但是如果形容词修饰以 -thing为字尾的词语时,要放在这些词之后,例如: something nice 2. 以-ly结尾的形容词 1)大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。但friendly,deadly,lovely,lonely,likely,lively,ugly,brotherly,仍为形容词。

改错:(错)She sang lovely. (错)He spoke to me very friendly. (对)Her singing was lovely. (对)He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2)有些以-ly 结尾既为形容词,也为副词。 daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. 3 用形容词表示类别和整体 1)某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人,与谓语动词的复数连接。如: the dead,the living,the rich,the poor,the blind,the hungry The poor are losing hope. 2)有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体,与动词的复 数连用。 the British,the English,the French,the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. 4 多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 多个形容词修饰名词时,其顺序为: 限定词--数词--描绘词--(大小,长短,形状,新旧,颜色) --出处--材料性质,类别--名词 a small round table a tall gray building

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【英语】初中英语副词专项训练及答案

【英语】初中英语副词专项训练及答案 一、初中英语副词 1.Drivers should drive when they are passing by a school. A. terribly B. quickly C. slowly D. freely 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】考查副词辨析。句意:当他们正经过学校时,司机开车应该开慢点。A.可怕的地;B.快速地;C.慢慢地;D.自由地。结合句意可知选C。 2.—The fish tastes _______, we have eaten it up.—It is certain that she cooked it _________. A. good , well B. well, good C. well, well D. good, good 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意:一鱼尝起来不错。我们把它吃光了。一肯定她煮得好。taste尝起来,是连系动词,连系动词后用形容词作表语,cook是行为动词,修饰行为动词要用副词形式。good只是形容词,well作为形容词仅指“身体好”,同时well还是副词。故选A。 3. Alex did the project on community service ______ better than his classmates. A. so B. very C. too D. much 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意:亚历克斯做的关干社区服务的计划比他的同班同学做的好的多。so 如此,very 非常,too 太,用来修饰形容词或副词的原级;a lot,a little,much,far等用来修饰比较级,说明比较的程度。结合句意,故选D。 4.—Have you seen the hot film Wandering Earth ________? —Yes, I have. ________ wonderful science fiction movie it is! A. yet; How a B. already; How C. yet; What a D. already; What 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意:——你曾经看过电影《流浪地球》吗?——是的,我已经看过了。它是一个多么好的科幻小说电影啊!yet用在现在完成时的疑问句或者否定句,already 用在肯定句,句子是一般疑问句,所以用yet。what引导的感叹句结构是What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!how引导的感叹句结构是How+形容词或者副词+主语+谓语!,这里强调名词movie,所以用what a,故选C。 【点评】考查副词辨析及感叹句,注意平时识记,理解句意。

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