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国际贸易理论与实务综合练习题一

国际贸易理论与实务综合练习题一
国际贸易理论与实务综合练习题一

《国际贸易理论与实务》综合练习题一

一、单项选择题(每小题1分,共30分)

1、2011年美国的进出口额约为2万亿美元,GDP约为10万亿美元,因此,美国当年的对外贸易依存度约为()。

A.20%

B.10%

C.4%

D.2%

2、当一国的出口额小于其进口额时,称为()。

A.财政收支逆差

B.对外贸易逆差

C.国际收支顺差

D.对外贸易顺差

3、汇总世界各国的进出口统计数据后,世界出口总额与世界进口总额相比较()。

A.二者总是相等

B.出口总额大于进口总额

C.出口总额小于进口总额

D.有的年份出口总额大,有的年份出口总额小

4、()指明一国出口货物和服务的去向与进口货物和服务的来源,从而反映一国与其他国家或国家集团之间经济贸易联系的程度。

A.对外贸易依存度

B.对外货物贸易结构

C.国际货物贸易结构

D.对外贸易地理方向

5、国际贸易商品结构指()。

A.各种商品在一国进口总额或出口总额中所占的比重

B.各国或各地区的出口贸易额或进口贸易额占世界出口总额或进口总额的比重

C.各类商品在世界出口总额中所占的比重

6、商品生产者与消费者不是直接卖、买商品,而是通过第三国买卖。对第三国而言,这种贸易活动即为()。

A.多边贸易

B.直接贸易

C.转口贸易

D.过境贸易

7、对外贸易量是指()。

A.以公吨计量的对外贸易数量

B.以美吨计量的对外贸易数量

C.以当前美元计量的对外贸易额

D.以不变价格计量的对外贸易规模

8、用以反映一国经济发展对对外贸易的依赖程度的指标是()。

A.贸易差额

B.对外货物贸易结构

C.对外贸易系数

D.国际贸易地理方向

9、在一定时期内,对某些商品的进口数量或金额规定一个最高额度,达到这个额度后,便不准进口,这种规定称为()。

A.绝对配额

B.关税配额

C.配额管制

D.外汇管制

10、假设葡萄牙生产每单位酒需要40人劳动1星期,生产每单位毛呢需要30人劳动1星期;英国生产每单位酒需要100人劳动1星期,生产每单位毛呢需要50人劳动1星期,那么下列表述正确的是()。

A.英国在两种产品的生产上都具有绝对优势

B.葡萄牙在毛呢的生产上具有比较优势

C.葡萄牙在酒的生产上具有比较优势

D.两国的比较优势产品一样

11、一国拥有的劳动要素充裕,故它应专门生产劳动密集型产品对外进行交换。这种说法来自()。

A.李嘉图的比较优势理论 B.亚当·斯密的绝对优势理论

C.赫-俄的要素禀赋理论 D.李斯特的幼稚产业理论

12、根据产品生命周期理论,创新国在产品成长期应选择( )。

A.海外直接投资战略

B.商品出口战略

C.海外间接投资战略

D. 商品进口战略

13、规模经济指( )。

A.产品的单位成本随产量增加而递减

B.产品的单位成本随产量增加而递增

C.产品的单位成本不随产量变化

D.以上说法都不对

14、根据重叠需求理论,()的国家之间的产业内贸易较少。

A.收入水平差距大

B.收入水平相同

C.收入水平接近

D.以上说法都不对

15、提出“财富的生产力比财富本身更重要”的是()。

A.李斯特 B.凯恩斯 C.大卫·李嘉图 D.凯恩斯

16、关税是进出口商品经过一国()时,由政府所设置的海关按照国家制定的关税政策和公布实施的税法及进出口税则,向本国进出口商所征收的一种税。

A.关境

B.国境

C.边防线 D边境线

17、当最终产品的名义关税税率一定时,对所需原材料所征收的名义关税税率越高,对最终产品的保护作用( )。

A.越小

B.不变

C.越大

D.一样的

18、当商品价格上涨时,若按()来征收关税,则关税的保护作用下降。

A.从价税 B.从量税 C.最惠国税 D.特惠税

19、合同中有关数量机动幅度的规定就是习称的()。

A.数量条款

B.溢短装条款

C.计量条款

D.公差条款

20、我公司出口大豆一批,合同规定大豆的水分为最高14%、含油量为最低18%、杂质为最高1%,这种规定品质的方法是()。

A.凭规格买卖

B.凭等级买卖

C.凭标准买卖

D.凭说明书买卖

21、根据《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》的规定,如果卖方交货数量多于约定数量,买方可以()。

A.拒绝付款

B.拒收全部货物

C.收取或者拒收多交货物的全部或者一部分

D.怎样都行

22、某公司与国外一家公司以EXW条件成交了一笔买卖,在这种情况下,其交货地点是在()。

A.出口国港口

B.进口国港口

C.出口商工厂

D.进口商工厂

23、按CFR贸易术语成交的合同中,不计入货物价格的是()。

A.货物成本

B.运费

C.保险费

D.以上都不对

24、下列贸易术语中,()适用于各种运输方式。

A.FOB

B.FAS

C.FCA

D.CIF

25、按照《跟单信用证统一惯例》(600)的规定,如信用证对分批装运未作规定,可视为()。

A.不允许分批装运

B.允许分批装运

C.使用集装箱时才可分批装运

D.具体情况具体对待

26、一批货物在海运途中发生承保范围内的损失其修理费用超过修复后的价值,这种损失属于()

A.实际全损

B.推定全损

C.共同海损

D.单独海损

27、按照中国保险条款的规定,一切险的责任范围是:()

A.水渍险的责任范围加上一般外来原因所致的全部和部分损失

B.平安险的责任范围加上一般外来原因所致的全部和部分损失

C.平安险和水渍险的责任范围加上一般外来原因所致的全部和部分损失

D.海上一切风险所致的全部和部分损失

28、远期汇票在承兑后,当付款人对汇票承兑和签名以后,( )成为汇票的主债务人。

A.承兑人

B.出票人

C.背书人

D.前手

29、以下哪种托收方式对出口商的风险最大:()

A. D/P at sight

B. D/A

C. D/P after sight

D.一样大

30、发盘的撤回可以()。

A. 在发盘生效之前

B. 在发盘生效之后

C. 在受盘人发出接受通知之后

D.不能撤回

二、判断题。(每小题1分,共20分。)

1、商品贸易条件的恶化必然导致一国贸易得益的下降。()

2、世界各国进出口贸易额的总和即为国际贸易额。()

3、对外贸易额与对外贸易量没有本质区别,只是计量单位不同。()

4、亚当·斯密提出了“比较优势学说”,后由大卫·李嘉图进一步发展。()

5、绝对优势理论是比较优势理论的特例。()

6、重商主义即追求贸易出超,以达到金银流入的目的。()

7、关税的征收对象是进出关境的货物、物品和劳务。()

8、非关税壁垒比关税壁垒具有更大的灵活性、针对性、有隐蔽性和歧视性。()

9、复合税是指对同一种进口商品同时规定从量税和从价税两种税率,选择其中税额较高的一种征收的关税。()

10、进口配额是一国政府对一定时期内某种商品的进口数量或金额所规定的限额。在规定的限额以内商品可以进口,超过限额就不准进口,或征收较高的关税或罚款。()

11、运输包装又称为内包装。()

12、在出口贸易中,表示品质的方法多种多样,为了明确责任,最好采用既凭样品又凭规格买卖的方法。()

13、采用EXW(工厂交货)贸易术语成交时,卖方在自己工厂把货物交给买方,但仍须负责将货物安全装运到装船港船上。()

14、我国某工艺美术品公司对英国出口一批陶瓷,以CIF London条件成交,因此该公司应在伦敦交货。()

15、在所有的贸易术语下,出口报关的责任、费用均由卖方负担。()

16、指示提单(Order B/L)经过背书后可以转让。()

17、海运提单的签发日期应早于保险单的签发日期。()

18、按我国海运货物保险条款,如投保一切险,就毋须另行投保任何附加险()。

19、信用证是银行与信用证受益人之间存在的一项契约,该契约以贸易合同为依据开立,信用证应受到贸易合同的牵制。()

20、逾期的接受一律无效。()

三、计算题(每小题5分,共20分)

1、我国某型汽车的进口关税为30%,其零部件的进口关税为10%,进口零部件占国内生产的该型汽车价值的45%,试计算我国该型汽车的有效关税保护率。(计算结果保留到整数位)

2、我出口某商品,报价为CFR新加坡每公吨1800美元,现客户要求报价中含3%的佣金,为使净收入不减少,应改报多少?

3、我公司向澳大利亚出口商品1000箱,经香港中转,用纸箱包装,每箱毛重50千克,体积为0.06立方米,运费计算标准W/M10级,基本运费为400元人民币,加燃油附加费29%,绕航附加费18%,则应付多少人民币运费?(100港元=80元人民币)

4、我方以50美元/袋CIF新加坡出口某商品1000袋,货物出口前,由我方向中国人民保险公司投保水渍险、串味险及淡水雨淋险,保险费率分别为0.6%、0.2%和0.3%,按发票金额110%投保。该批货物的投保金额和保险费各是多少?

四、案例分析题(每小题5分,共20分)

1、我某公司进口一批钢材,分两批装运,不可撤销即期L/C,每批分别由中行开立一份L/C,第一批货运后,卖方在有效期内交单议付,我方审单后向议付行偿付货款,我在收到第一批货后,发现货品与合同不符,因而要求开证行对第二份L/C项下的单据拒付,但遭开证行拒绝,问开证行这样做是否有道理?试说明理由?

2、某年11月,我国某外贸公司与一外商签订了出口5000公吨钢材的合同,价格条款为CIF温哥华。支付方式为即期不可撤销信用证。我方按合同规定办理了租船定舱和保险并支付了相关费用,取得了全套合格单据并到议付行付货款,不料货物在航行途中遭遇海啸,全部灭失。外商以货物灭失为由拒绝付款赎单,问我方如何处理?

3、某货轮船舱起火,并蔓延到机舱。船长为了船货的共同安全,下令往舱内灌水。大火被扑灭。由于主机受损,无法继续航行。船长雇用拖轮把船舶拖往就近港口修理,修好后继续驶往目的港这次损失共有:(1)1000箱货物被烧毁;(2)600箱货物被浇湿;(3)主机和部分甲板被烧坏;(4)拖轮费用;(5)额外增加的燃料及船员工资。试分析:哪些是共同海损,哪些是单独海损?投保何种险别,保险公司应付全部责任?

4、我国A进出口公司向国外B商人询购核桃仁一批,之后,我方收到对方8月15日的发盘,发盘有效期至8月22日。我方于8月20日向对方复电:“若价格能降至5600美元/吨,我方可以接受。”对方未作答复。8月21日我方得知国际市场行情有变,于当日又向对方去电:“完全接受你方8月15日发盘。”问:我方的接受能否使合同成立?为什么?

五、操作题(共10分)

完成下图的流程,并根据图示用文字说明信用证(L/C)的结算流程。

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