牛津译林版八年级上 8A Unit4 知识点梳理
8A Unit4 知识点解析与练习
1.What should I do? I don’t know.
= I don’t know what I should do. (从句陈述句语序)
= I don’t know what to do. (特殊疑问词+to do)
类似结构：如何做________________ 做什么__________________
什么时候离开___________________ 去哪儿_________________
2.Here come a cat and two dogs. (全倒装：Here+谓语+主语)
Here he is. (半倒装：Here+主语+谓语)
倒装句：①动词单复看主语②没有现在进行时。Look! Here ___________ (come) the bus!
3.instruction 指示;说明可数an instruction some instructions明确的指示_____________ 区分：tips for (doing) sth (做)某事的提示
4.No problem! 没问题
have problems with sth I have problems __________ English.
have problems (in) doing sth. I have problems ________________ (learn) Englsih.
5.It says/reads, “Do it yourself.”写着看书/报read books/newspapers
6. tools 工具: 可数: 刷子brush(es) 绳子rope(s) 不可数: 胶水glue 胶带tape
复数名词剪刀scissors
Eg. A pair of scissors _______ cheap. When we use scissors, we should be careful with _______.
7. exact adj.确切的Can you tell me the _____________ number of the visitors.
exactly adv. 确切地; 精确地Can you tell me ____________ the number of the visitors? 8. clear adj. 清楚的；明确的(比较级: clear er)
clearly adv. 清楚地; 明确地(比较级: more clearly)
Eg. This picture looks much ________ than the last one. Can you see it _________ than before?
9. stand for代表/象征/意味stand-stood
The Great Wall _____________ China.
________ the Great Wall stand for China? (一般疑问句)
________ _________ the Great Wall stand for? (特殊疑问句)
10. decorate v.装修Thank you for _____________ my new house. 过去式：decorated
11. 人pay sb to do sth 付钱给某人做某事pay-paid
人pay (钱) for sth 付(多少)钱买某物
12. I’m going to make some paper roses.
= some roses made of paper
13. It sounds/looks lovely. 系动词+形容词Does it sound/look lovely?
14. 行为动词need：(1)need sth (2)need to do sth (3)need sb to do sth (4)need ...for sth
情态动词need：needn’t do sth 不必
Eg. You don’t need to do exercise every day. = You ___________ ___________ every day. 15. be crazy about sb./sth./doing sth. 对…着迷crazy-crazier- the craziest
Eg. My mother is _______________ (痴迷的) about making paper roses in my family.
16. finish sth./ doing sth. 结束某事
17. terrible adj. 可怕的That sounds/looks _____________
terrible-terribly adv. 可怕地；非常，极度地
Eg. be___________ ill/hurt I’m __________ sorry for being late.
18. try to do sth. 努力/试图/设法做某事
try not to do sth. 尽量不要做某事
19. put in sth. 安装（门，窗，灯, 淋浴器...）put -putting put - put（过去式）
put up 张贴,悬挂,举起,搭建put up a notice/a poster/a picture/ your hands/ a tent/ a shelf put out 扑灭put on 穿上；戴上put away 收起来，整理好put off 推迟
Eg. 在他安装了一盏更亮的灯之后，他的整座房子停电了。
His whole house _______________________ after he ______________________.
21. one’s whole house 某人的整个房子
22. have a power cut 断电
23. hit a pipe 敲裂水管hit - hit（过去式）类似：put-put, cost-cost, cut-cut
hit - hitting (现在分词)
24. (1) 人fill A with B. 人用B充满A = A be filled with B by sb.
Eg. He filled the glass with water. = The glass ___________________water by him.
(2) 物be full of... = 物be filled with... 充满…; 满是…
Eg. The garden is full of flowers in spring. = The garden________________ flowers in spring.
25. 主语think/find+(that) +句子= 主语think/find+sb/sth+adj. think - thought（过去式）Eg. (1) I thought the sports meeting exciting. = I thought the sports meeting _______________.
(2) I found he was clever. = I found _________ ____________.
26. paint : (1) n. 不可数涂料(2) v. paint sth. +颜色: 把…刷成…色paint-painting
Eg. Stop ____________ (paint) the wall, because there _______ (be) paint on everything.
colour : (1) n. 可数颜色，色彩fruit of different colors adj. colourful look colourful
(2) v. color sth. +颜色: 把…涂/画成…色
27. stop doing sth 停止(正在)做某事stop to do sth 停止去做另外一件事
I am so tired. I must stop__________(have) a rest.
You look tired. Why not stop _______ (work)
28. not only... but (also)... 不但…而且…(谓语动词就近原则。)
Both...and... (谓语动词复数)
Eg. Both you and I are going home. = ____________ you ___________ I _______ going home.
29. shelf- shelves n.架子bookshelf 书架
变f/fe为ves: life- _______, leaf- _______, wife- _______, thief- _______, knife- ________ 30. above 在…斜上方: The air condition(空调) is ________ my bed.
below 在…斜下方: He lives _____________ me.
over 在…正上方: The bridge is __________ the river.
under在…正下方: The river is __________ the bridge.
on 在…上面(表面接触): My book is __________ the table.
31. 架子的一端比另一端高得多。
One ______________ the shelf is much higher than ________________.
32. It takes (took) sb +time +to do sth.= sb spend (spent) time doing sth. 某人花时间做某事
33. much, even, far , a little, a lot 可以修饰比较级，表程度。
Eg. Millie is far ____________ (active) than the other students.She always answers teacher’s questions in class.
Millie is _____________ (active) than the others. She never answers teachers’ questions. 34. buy/make/build/cook/get sth. for sb.= buy/ make/build/cook/get sb. sth. (直宾代词放中间)
give /offer /show /lend /pass /send /bring sb. sth. = give/... /bring sth. to sb.
35. advise v. 建议advise sb. (not) to do sth. 建议某人(不要)做某事
advice n. 建议不可数
Eg. He gave some advice to me. I think __________ (A. it B. them) very useful.
36. take a course in sth./doing sth. 上关于…的课程
attend lessons/meeting/school/class 出席，参加
37. make: ①使... (1) make sb do sth (2) make sb./sth.+ adj.
②制作(1) make sb sth = make sth for sb (2) make sth from ... 用...做某物
Eg. I decided to make her a birthday card. = I decided to _________ a birthday card ______ her.
38. angry adj. 生气的be angry with sb. 对某人生气angrily adv. 比较级：more angrily
He looks /gets _____________ and looks at me ________________.
39. know everything/all about…了解…的一切
know a little about 了解一点
know little about 几乎不了解，知之甚少
Know much/a lot about 了解许多
Know more about 了解更多
know much more about sth .than sb比sb对sth了解多得多
40. instead adv. 反而，却，位于句首(逗号隔开)，或句末
instead of 而不是；代替
Eg. I won’t play the piano this afternoon. Instead, I will play basketball.
= I will play basketball ______________________ the piano this afternoon.
41. fail to do sth. 做某事失败; 没能做某事fail-failed
42. get/be good at…擅长get/ be better at (doing) sth = do better in...更擅长某事
be the best at 最擅长= do (the) best in
43. ①祈使句构成：Please在句首不加逗号，在句末时前面加逗号。
(1) Do型(以实义动词开头)
(肯)Please open the window. (否) Don’t paint the cat, please.
(2)Be型(以be动词开头)
(肯) Be polite! (否) Don’t be late.
(3)Let型(肯) Let sb do sth (否) Don’t let sb do sth. / Let sb not do sth.
②与if条件句转换：If you try your best, you won’t lose the match.
= __________ your best, _______ you will win the match.
③区分：(1) Millie, don’t be late for school. (祈使句)
Millie isn’t late for school today. (陈述句)
(2) Fix the bookshelf for me,please.(祈使句)
To fix the bookshelf for me, he brought many tools from his home.(表目的) 44. 主语+ should (not) do sth ...应该（不要）做某事
主语+ had better (not) do sth ...最好（不要）做某事
Eg. (1) You'd better not be impatient. = You ____________________________.
(2) 你最好不要没有上DIY课就开始做DIY的工作。
You had better ______________________ DIY jobs without ________________ DIY.
45. give up doing sth 放弃做某事keep (on) doing 坚持做某事
46. cut out剪出cut- cut cut-cu tt ing cut down 砍伐
剪出一副彩色气球图_____________ a picture of ________________.
动副结构：cut it out put it up put it in give it up tidy it up (收拾好)
cut...into...把...切成...
把一些较大块水果切成小块cut some of _____________ into ______________
47. do...with sth. = use sth to do...
Eg. Add some salad cream with a spoon. = __________ a spoon _____ add some salad cream.
add 增加，加入add A to B
48.sentence 可数make a sentence/ sentences with...用...造句
49.be patient with...对...有耐心比较级：more patient 反义词：im patient
49.在碗里/盘子里放些紫葡萄put some __________________ in a bowl/ on a plate
50. be in season 当季__________________ in season now? 现在草莓当季吗？
51. cream 不可数奶油some salad cream 一些沙拉酱
sauce 不可数酱汁some tomato sauce 一些番茄酱
52. mix A with B = mix A and B together 把A和B混合
53. 尽量让你的水果沙拉看起来和尝起来一样好。
Try ____________ your fruit salad ______________________ it tastes.
54. for example 例如(+一个例子) such as 例如(+多个例子)
55.prepare to do sth 准备做某事
prepare for sth. = get ready for sth 为某事做准备
prepare ... for sth = get ... ready for sth 为某事准备...
Eg. Get some water ready for the trip. = __________ some water ________ the trip
56.turn brown 变成褐色(系动词+表语) 类似：go bad 变质
57.leave sth in the air for some time把某物放置在空气中一段时间
do sth +for+段时间做某事持续多长时间
some time 一段时间sometime 某时上周某个时候_____________ last week sometimes 有时some times 几次/几倍
58.Sandwiches ______________________ to make. = It’s quick and easy to make sandwiches.
59.pick a piece of bread 挑一片面包
60.Finished! 完成了！
61.It’s time for sth.=It’s time to do sth. It’s time for lunch = It’s time___________ lunch.
62. put some ham (不可数) and vegetables (可数) on it 在上面放些火腿和蔬菜
63. 形容词的否定前缀：