2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解

2013年6月大学英语六级考试真题(三)答案与详解Part ⅠWriting

The Impact of the Information Explosion

As is known to us all, we are now living in the age of “information explosion”. That is, we are surrounded by much information. It is true that information explosion brings convenience to our life, but it also leads to the distraction of our attention.

Just as the famous saying goes, “A wealth of information creates a poverty of attention.” .For example, there are so many advertisements on the Internet that we are easily distracted by the irrelevant information of the target website. In addition, the information itself is of various kinds, either healthy or violent. The bad information may even arouse violent crimes.

Therefore, it is high time we adopted proper methods to avoid being distracted by irrelevant information. For one thing, we can make a list of key words about what we will search on the Internet. For another, we can set a time limit for the search of the target information. Thus, the search is more effective and time is saved greatly at the same time.

PartⅢReading Comprehension

Section A

答案详解：

36、H)。空格前的their提示所填词是名词，E) circulation，H) enthusiasm，J) impact，K) penalty 入选。lose their 36与减少他们的努力程度（reduce their effort)以及寻找新的工作（search for a new job)并列，同属于杰出表现没有得到肯定的员工可能的行为，所以答案应该是H) enthusiasm (热情），lose their enthusiasm在这里指对工作失去热情。

37、L)。空格前的will提示所填词是动词原形，B) affect, D) assimilate, I) identify，J) impact, L)reward入选。空格后的them指代的是employees。一个公司会对表现好的员工付诸什么样的行动呢？显然是奖励他们，所以选L) reward (奖励），reward sb. for...指“因…而奖励某人”。排除B) affect(影响）、D) assimilate (同化）、I) identify (识别）以及J) impact (影响）。

38、I)。空格前的must提示所填词为动词原形，B) affect，D) assimilate, I) identify，J) impact入选。这里能与the reasons for poor performance搭配的是I) identify (确定，识别），指监管者必须识别员工绩效差的原因，针对不同的原因采取不同的措施。

39、J)。所填词位于have... on...结构中，被adverse修饰，确定是能与on搭配的名词，从剩下的名词选项

E) circulation，J) impact与K) penalty中确定答案为J) impact。have impact on…为常用搭配，指“对…有影响”。排除E) circulation (流通，循环）和K) penalty (惩罚）。

40、A)。所填词修饰actions,说明采取的是什么样的措施，应为形容词，A)additional，G)consistent，

M) simplifying，N) suspending，O) vulnerable入选。分析后面陈述的假定情况，如果员工并没有意识到自己的缺陷，评估可以指出他们必须糾、正的缺陷，pinpoint the deficiencies that employees must correct属于对

员工做出负面评估时附带采取的措施，所以答案为A) additional (附加的）。

41、F)。本句句子结构完整，空格处可能缺少的是修饰monitor的副词，C) aptly与F) closely入选。监管者能够确保员工糾正缺陷（ensure that the deficiencies are corrected)的前提条件应该是密切关注他们，而不是适当地关注他们，所以选F) closely (紧密地）而排除C) aptly (适宜地）。

42、G)。should be... with提示空格处为形容词，同时用于be...with结构，剩佘的形容词选项中只有G) consistent 符合要求，be consistent with意为“与…一致”，此处说明监管者采取的措施必须符合公司指导方针。43、N)。观察句子结构可知所填词与reassigning, firing并列作include的宾语，所以也应为动名词形式，M) simplifying, N) suspending入选。并列的三个动名词表述的是员工不纠正或者不愿意纠正缺陷时监管者所采取的一系列措施，三者是层层递进关系，从轻到重，居于重新分配岗位到直接解雇之间的措施应该是暂时让他们停职，所以选N) suspending (中止）。

44、B)。空格前的can提示所填词为动词原形，剩余的动词选项还有B) affect与D) assimilate。监管者对绩效差的员工采取的措施显然会影响其他员工的工作态度，所以选B)affect (影响）。

45、K)。空格前的no以及空后的is提示所填词为单数名词，该名词可以作is imposed的主语，表示因为员工表现差而被监管者施加的行为，对poor performance采取的措施应该是“惩罚”，所以选K) penalty。

Section B

Passage One

46、【定位】根据题目中的require和up to five hundred words 将本题出处定位于[G]段第1句。

【精析】[G]。[G]段第1句指出，学校往往要求提交自写论文，但这份最多500字的论文通常附在“通用申请”上。此处的schools指的就是申请人要申请的universities, 故题目是对该句的同义转述。

47【定位】根据题目中的selective colleges and universities 和the traditional deadline 将本题出处定位于[B]段最后一句。

【精析】[B]。[B]段最后一句指出，在申请名校时提早决定并提早行动这一最新趋势将学生们的（申请）截止日期从往年的1月提早到了11月1日或12月初。原文句内隐含因果关系，题目省去了对原因的陈述，直接指明发生的变化，故题目是对[B]段最后一句部分内容的同义转述和概括，题目中的earlier dates 概括了原句中的January up to Nov. 1 or early December。

48、【定位】题目中的sway the admissions committee 和A)段第5 句中的seduce an admissions committee 表达的意思相近，故将本题出处定位于[A]段第5句。

【精析】[A]。[A]段第5句指出，据大学里的人们传言，一篇措辞巧妙的文章有吸引招生委员会的力量。句中的college folklore即题目中的让申请人和其父母相信的信息来源（are said to believe),故题目是对[A]段第5句的同义转述。

49、【定位】从题目中找不到与原文完全对应的词，题目是关于论文的作用的，题目中的distinguishes (区分I)与[O]段第1句中的tie-breaker (决胜局）表达的意思相近，故将本题出处定位于[O]段第1句。

【精析】[O]。[O]段第1句指出，在那些最精英的学校中，可能会有成千上万的候选人都提交了好成绩和高分数，于是像申请论文这样的额外项就可能成为两个同样合格的申请人之间的决胜局。也就是说，当候选人的水平相当时，论文写得好的人录取几率更高，题目是对[O]段第1句的同义转述。

50、【定位】根据题目中的competition和baby boomers knew将本题出处定位于[F]段第2句。

【精析】[F]。[F]段第2句指出，即使除去竞争加剧的因素，孩子们面临的（申请）程序也与婴儿潮时期出生的人知道的程序完全不同根据全文的主题可知，句中的process显而易见是指application process,故题目是对[F]段第2句的同义转述，题目中的different对应句中的transform (转变)。

51、【定位】根据题目中的experiences,, slip into clich6s和the reader将本题出处定位于[J]段。

【精析】[J]。[J]段第1、2句指出了博肖文对孩子们写论文的情况作出的评价，说他们“太容易落入俗套了。他们没有意识到自己的经历有多典型。”接着举例说明，最后指出这样写论文的后果：“读者读完第一段就会失去兴趣”。题目是对[J]段所隐含的因果关系的提炼及同义转述，题目中的failing to engage the reader 对应末句的lose the reader。

52、【定位】根据题目中的according to a recent survey, public colleges and universities 和grades highly

important将本题出处定位于[N]段第2-4句。

【精析】[N]。[N]段第2-4句均为最近的一项调查的内容，内容对比了公立学校和私立学校招生时关注的重点。其中第4句指出，86%的公立院校看重申请人的成绩，故题目是对这几句内容的部分整合。题目中的most概括第4句中的86%,题目中的consider... highly important是对句中的place “considerable importance” 的同义转述。

53、【定位】根据题目中的causes lots of anxiety 及in the college’s decision-making process 将本题出处定位于[M]段。

【精析】[M]。[M]段第1句指出一位教育专家的观点，他认为“论文引起的所有焦虑只是难题的一小部分”。；最后一句指出，在绝大多数地方，它并不是大学决策过程中一个大的可变因素。也就是说，论文在大学决策过程中所起的作用并没有那么重要。题目是对[M]段的整合概括。题目中的does not play so important a role 对应末句中的simply not a big variable。

54、【定位】根据题目中的question, outside the self和its impact on you将本题出处定位于[L]段第2句。【精析】[L]。[L]段第2句指出，即使问题表面上是关于自我之外的东西（描述虚构人物或解决一个地理政治学问题），论文主题总是会回到最受欢迎的话题上：它对你自己产生了什么影响？题目是对该句的同义转述。

55、【定位】根据题目中的a sample of their school papers和writing ability将本题出处定位于[E]段第2句。【精析】[E]。[E]段第2句指出，在20世纪30年代，那时候只有十分之一的美国人具有本科文凭，招生委员会愿意用申请人在学校的论文样例来评估他们的写作能力。题目隐去了文中具体的时间状语in the 1930s，用in the old days作了模糊概括，故题目是对[E]段第2句的同义转述。

Section C

Passage One

答案详解：

56、【定位】根据题干中的the government report 将本题出处定位于首段。

【精析】B)。首段第1句中引出了政府报告里关于养育孩子的花销问题；第2句紧接着指出毫无悬念，这笔花销不菲。接下来的两句用具体的例子给读者算了一笔账，支持第2句的观由此可见，从政府报告中可以看出，养育孩子的成本高昂，选项B)符合原文，故为正确答案。第1段最后一句中提到了inflation, 但这是为了说明在通货膨胀的前提下，父母们要将一个孩子抚养成人将需要花费不少的钱，而不是像选项A)中说的那样，通货膨胀增加了家庭的开支，故排除A)。在有关政府报告的部分并未提到预算紧缩的问题，故排除C)。第1段第3句的括号中指出，2009年中产阶级家庭的平均税前收入为76,250 美元，并未提到家庭平均支出增加的内容，选项D)显然是对这一部分内容的误解，故排除。

57、【定位】第2段主要分析了税收政策对当前美国社会人口出生率的影响，故将本题出处定位于该段。【精析】C)。第2段最后两句指出，如果赤字减少激化了这些偏见，那么更多的美国人选择不要孩子或者少要孩子。如果按这个趋势发展下去的话，经济下滑在所难免。原文中的down that path指代的是前一句的内容，lies后面的内容是导致的结果。选项C)是对economic decline的同义复述，故为正确答案。本题考查的是人口下降可能会导致的影响。选项A)和D)的内容在文中并未提及，纯属命题者想当然的主观臆造，故排除。至于选项B)中所提到的immigration,在文章第3段有提及，但并不是为了说明移民造成的影响，故排除。

58、【定位】根据题干中的America’s baby boom将本题出处定位于第4段。

【精析】A)。第4段倒数第2句指出，对于未来的期望引发了美国的婴儿潮。选项A) optimism for the future 对应原文的hopefulness,故为正确答案。本题考查美国婴儿潮出现的原因。选项B)的内容在文中没有提及，故排除。选项C)和D)都是基于第4段第1句所设置的干扰项，但原文中提及这些因素是为了说明影响生育孩子的一些因素，与美国的婴儿潮并无直接关系，故排除。

59、【定位】根据题干中的wealthy countries将本题出处定位于第5段。

【精析】D)。第5段第2句提到，富裕的国家往往养育更少的孩子。接下来的内容对这些国家的这种现象进行了解释，其中第3、4两句指出，这些国家的政府负责养老的政策减少了人们对养儿防老的依赖，这直接导致了美国和西欧等富裕国家孩子出生率的下降。选项D)符合原文内容，故为正确答案。第5段中指出

了富裕国家的人们少生孩子的两方面原因，一方面是政府提供的政策支持（第2、3句），另一方面是人们自己的生活方式使然（最后一句选项A)和C)的内容在该段中并未提及，因此与本题无关，故排除。选项

B)是对该段最后一句中只言片语的胡乱嫁接，不符合原文，故排除。

60、【定位】文章第2段和第6段中作者都提到了税收对人口出生率的影响，但第2段只是一笔带过，而第6段中则就这一问题进行了详细阐述，故将本题出处定位于第6段。

【精析】D)。文章前半部分已经介绍了人口减少可能导致经济下滑等一系列问题，第6段第1句也指出，由于人口减少，美国的劳动力市场凋敝。第6段第2、3句指出，征收更高的税率并不能增加人们养育孩子的信心；如果增税会让养育孩子的成本上升的话，人们在生育孩子的时候就会思量了。最后一句中作者指出，人们的这种思量是人之常情。由此不难推测，似乎政府有意要提高生育孩子的税收，在此背景下，作者撰写此文表达了自己的观点：呼吁政府降低养育孩子的税收。选项D)符合文意，故为正确答案。选项A)是对第6段第1句内容的歪曲理解，不符合原文，故排除。选项B)是第6段第3-4句中提到的既成事实，而不是作者的写作目的，故排除。原文中并未涉及鼓励年轻人照顾老人的内容，故排除选项。

Passage Two

答案详解：

61、【定位】根据题干中的Cyrano de Bergerac将本题出处定位于首段。

【精析】A)。首段第1句中提到，人们总是先有丰富的想象力，之后会努力将这些想象力转化为现实。然后列举了《月球旅行》的例子加以说明，由此不难推断，作者在这里提及西拉诺?德?贝热拉克是为了说明想象力是发明的先驱。选项A)是对原文中The human imagination readily soars where human ingenuity struggles to follow的同义转述，故为正确答案。本段中西拉诺?德?贝热拉克是位科幻作家，列举他的例子主要是为了支持第1句话的观点，因为他的作品《月球旅行》中提到的事情在他逝世三个世纪后变成了现实，这是为了说明人类总是先有了想象力，然后再用行动将这些梦想变为现实；并不是为了说明创造力是科幻小说作家的必备素质，或者人们需要一些耐心去实现他们的梦想，故排除选项B) 和C)。4项D)则完全是对本段内容的移花接木，完全曲解了原文，故排除。

62、【定位】根据题干中的Kennedy将本题出处定位于第2段。

【精析】C。第2段第1句提到，肯尼迪在1961年宣布美国将在十年之内实现载人登月时他的话听起来有几分像梦话，选项C) It sounded very much like a dream 是对原文中those word, too, had a dreamlike quality 的同义转述，故为答案。本文虽提及肯尼迪的宇宙探索计划与马丁路德金的演说中传递的乐观主义和伟大抱负的精神产生了共鸣，但并未提及美国精神的具体内容，A)项属于过度推断，故排除。本段中确实提到了宇宙探索计划和种族问题.，但是并未就紧急性对这二者进行比较，选项B)属于无依据的杜撰，故排除。文中未提及肯尼迪宇宙探索计划使古代的一个梦想成为现实，故排除D)。

63、【定位】根据题干中的explore space将本题出处定位于第2段。

【精析】A)。第2段后半部分阐述了宇宙探索与种族问题之间的分歧：种族问题更现实一些，为了争取种族和经济平等的斗争是极其实用并且很快就能收到回报的。而探索宇宙却恰恰相反。也就是说，宇宙探索不会立刻就带来相应的经济回报。选项A)符合原文，故为正确答案。本段在论述美国的宇宙探索计划时，并没有提及到要实现它的条件，因此排除选项B)和D)。原文中对宇宙探索和种族问题只是做了平行的比较，并未涉及到这二者之间交叉的关系的问题，故排除选项C)。

64、【定位】第3段和第5段都涉及到作者对于宇宙探索的态度，故将本题出处定位于这两段。

【精析】D)。第3段在上一段所陈述的背景基础上继续阐述关于宇宙探索的现状以及作者对于此事的观点，其中最后一句指出，……就好像如果我们节省了一年中这千分之一的预算的话，我们的问题就能得以解决。从中不难看出作者对于反对宇宙探索的不满。第5段第1句则直接肯定了宇宙探索的意义：它能使我们所有人受益。由此可见，作者对于宇宙探索持支持态度，故答案为D)。本题考查作者对于宇宙探索的态度，选项A)、B)和C)均不符合原文，故排除。

65、【定位】题干中的the problems facing human beings与末段倒数第3句的we face... challenges 对应，故将本题出处定位于末段倒数第3句。

【精析】B)。文中末段倒数第3句提到，现在，我们面临着能源、环境和健康医疗方面的挑战。第4句接

着说，明天我们也将会克服所有这些问题，而梦想家们将值得称赞。结合前文可知，这里的“梦想家们”（dreamers )指的是有创造性和想象力的人，由此可知，第4句的意思其实是说，有了有创造性和想象力的人，今天的问题在未来肯定会得到解决，故答案为B)(它们早晚会被人类的创造力战胜。文中提到这些问题未来会被克服，A)(它们是对未来人类生存的巨大挑战）与此矛盾，故排除。C)是针对第4段设的干扰项，属于无中生有，故排除。D)说的是“只有乐观有志向的人才能解决它们”，与原文意思相差太大，也排除。PartⅣTranslation

中国人自古以来就在中秋时节庆祝丰收。这与北美地区庆祝感恩节的习俗十分相似。过中秋节的习俗于唐代早期在中国各地开始流行。中秋节在农历八月十五，是人们拜月的节日:这天夜晚皓月当空，人们合家团聚，共赏明月。2006年，中秋节被列为中国的文化遗产，2008年又被定为公共假日。月饼被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食。人们将月饼作为礼物馈赠亲友或在家庭聚会上享用。传统的月饼上带有“麦（longevity) ”、“福”或“和”等字样。

①Since ancient times, the Chinese people have celebrated bumper harvest on the Mid-Autumn Festival. ②This custom resembles that of Thanksgiving Day in the North America. ③The custom of celebrating the Mid-Autumn Festival became popular all over China in the early Tang Dynasty. ④Celebrated on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month, the Mid-Autumn Festival is a day for worshiping the moon.⑤At night, family members get together and enjoy the bright moon in the sky.⑥In 2006, the Mid-Autumn Festival was listed as a Chinese cultural heritage, and in 2008 designated as a public holiday.⑦⑧The mooncake, an indispensable food of the Festival, is often used as a gift for relatives and friends or enjoyed at family gatherings. ⑨Traditional mooncakes are imprinted with Chinese characters with such meanings as “longevity”, “happiness” or “h armony” etc.

难点注释：

1、①句中“自古以来”译作“since ancient times”，时态用现在完成时。“中秋节”的英文表达是“the Mid-Autumn Festival”，题中没有给出，这提示考生要掌握中国几大主要传统节日的英文表达，如春节(the Spring Festival )、端午节（the Dragon Boat Festival)和元宵节（the Lantern Festival)等。“在某一天”用介词“on”。“丰收”译作“bumper harvest”。

2、②句中的“这”指代①句中所说的在“中秋时节庆祝丰收”这一习俗，译作“this custom”。“与……十分相似”有多种表达法：可译作“is very much like...”、“is similar to...” 或“resembles...”。句中对比的是中秋节的习俗和感恩节的习俗，为避免重复，后一个custom可用that替代。“感恩节”的英文表达是“Thanksgiving Day”，该词在题中同样没有给出，考生需掌握。西方其他一些重要的节日的英文表达，如情人节（Valentine’s Day)和万圣节（Halloween)等也需掌握。

3、③句时间状语为“唐代早期”，故用一般过去时。“过……节”用动词“celebrate”，“开始流行”译作“beca me popular”，“在中国各地”译作“all over the country/China”。

4、④句中“表农历八月十五”译作状语，“是 ......... 的节日”译作“is a day for...”，“拜月”译作“worship the moon”。

5、⑤句中的“团聚”和“共赏明月”译作并列谓语“get together and enjoy the bright moo n”。

6、⑥句时间状语为“2006年”和“2008年”，故用一般过去时。“被列为中国的文化遗产”和“被定为公共假日”译作并列谓语，用and连接，都用被动语态。其中“被列为中国的文化遗产”可译作“was listed as a Chinese cultural heritage” 或“was added to the Chinese cultural heritage list”。在类似的一些短文中，我们

经常会遇到“被世界教科文组织列入世界文化遗产名录”这样的句子，将上述两种译法中的Chinese改为world即可。“公共假日”译作“public holiday”。

7、⑦⑧句可合并译作一句。主语为“月饼”，将⑦句中的“被视为中秋节不可或缺的美食”译作“an indispensable food of the Festival”，作“the mooncake”的同位语，将⑧句译作被动语态“is often used as a gift for relatives and friends or enjoyed at family gathering s”。

8、⑨句用被动语态，其中的“带有.......... 字样”是指月饼表面的印子，译作“be imprinted with Chinese characters”，要注意主谓一致。为准确表达出该句的意思，应将“寿”、“福”与“和”这三个字的意思、翻译出来，译作with such meanings as “longevity”，“happiness”or “harmony”。

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