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华南师范大学英研初试 2011年真题(翻译与写作)

2011年华南师范大学外文学院硕士研究生入学考试

考试科目：翻译与写作

考试时间：180分钟

——————————————————————————————1.Translate the underlined part from English into Chinese. (40

points)

Working Together

The 2009 theme for International Translation Day invites translators around the world to take a fresh look at why and how it pays to join forces.

The days of the fiercely solitary translator working in splendid isolation are numbered, say many industry observers. Not that massive collectivization is in sight: in this language ---or, more accurately, this profession, a large share of added value remains intensely personal.

But technology and changing markets have broken down barriers. T oday translators from around the globe can plug into a truly worldwide conversation that casts new light on traditional ways of working--and creates new opportunities. Even as the arrival of more demanding clients, more complex projects and tighter deadlines underscores the advantages of exchanging ideas, information and best practices.

2. Translate the following passage from Chinese into English. (40 points)

寂寞需要时间,也需要心情.面对生活节奏越来越快的现代人,寂寞似乎少有藏身之地.但是,寂寞却是认识自我,凸显个性的必不可少的前提.不过,寂寞如酒,在长时间的封存和孤独中,不但没有消失他原有的火一般的烈性,反而更增添了几分幽幽的抑或是浓郁的芳香.它是人们心灵中的一粒种子,在被世俗的喧哗和骚动所忽视,所苛求下,艰难而又坚强地,痛苦而又愉悦地孕育着生命的辉煌。

3.Writing. (70 points)

Make a comment on the following topic:

There is a viewpoint that words should be used with care and accuracy. However, there is an alternative viewpoint that we cannot give an assigned meaning of the words owning to the concepts with vague boundaries and fuzzy edge.

_______________________________________________________________ 参考答案：

1.英译汉

携手合作

2009年国际翻译日的主题号召全世界翻译工作者以全新的角看待携手合作。

行业评论家们称，独善其身的翻译工作者告别孤芳自赏的日子已经指日可待了。这并非说大规模集体化已迫在眉睫，其实在这种，确切说是在这类语言文字行业中，很大一部分附加值仍然是由非常个性化的服务创造的。

但是，技术和变化的市场打破了种种樊篱。今天，世界各地的译者可以真正参与到全球性的对话之中，赋予传统的工作方式以新意，并创造新的机遇。而更高的客户要求、更复杂的项目和更紧迫的时限也更突出了彼此间交流观点、信息和经验的重要性。

2.汉译英

It takes much time and right mood to be solitary. Confronted with the increasingly-rapid pace of life, people today seem to have less and less privacy. But to be private is the indispensable prerequisite for deepening the understanding of oneself and bringing out one’s personality. Like wine having been stored away in a cellar for a long time, solitariness will not lose her fiery character; on the contrary, she will acquire more subtleness of taste or pervasiveness of aroma. She is a viable seed buried deep in the depth of one’s soul. Although disregarded by the noisy and turbulent world, and although subjected to various rigors, the seed will develop and embark on a life of glory, arduous but determined, painful but happy.

_______________________________________________________________ 说明：这篇习作是当时买了我资料的师妹根据我预测的作文题写的，听说后来她把这篇文章背了下来，到考试的时候，写作文简直就是那个“下笔如注”啊。在此跟大家分享一下，希望大家把别人好的、值得称道的地方好好学习，当然，文中不足的地方，大家也一起跟着注意，一起进步。

这里进一段小广告：“黎小典英研作文辅导班”开班啦！你是不是还在为写出来的文章没有人帮修改而发愁呢？黎小典很认真负责地告诉你：作文必须通过“犯错-纠错-再犯错-再纠错”来提高的。现在起，你就可以把自己平时的习作发给黎小典点评，每篇只需三块钱而已哦。三块钱买不了盆，三块钱买不了锅，三块钱到不了新加坡！只需三块钱，就可以让自己的作文有质的提高。还犹豫什么，赶快来报名吧！

_______________________________________________________________

The Pivotal Importance Of Fuzziness in Language

Though we all know that both fuzziness and accuracy are the essential properties of language, it is hard to say which is better. But W hen it is comes to some specific communication situations and literature literary works like drama, I prefer the fuzziness of language to the accuracy of which.

People have many beliefs about language. An important one is that good use of language involves clarity and precision. It is true under some circumstances. For example, you will leave for Beijing for a meeting. So you have to telephone the airline to book a ticket for the plane. You ask the attendant “What is the time of the flight to Beijing,” and the attendant should would answer “at 6:15” or “at 9:05”, etc , rather than “this afternoon”. Therefore, it is believed that either ambiguity or imprecision or vagueness is to be avoided.

However, the world itself is more than that simple. Language, which is used in our daily life, cannot and need not be clear and precise all the time, especially in the process of communication. The following dialogue made between the a Patient and a Doctor is a good example in this case: Patient：How soon will I get it over?

Doctor：Very soon. It' s not so serious as it seems.

Patient：Really? Thank you very much!

Doctor：You are welcome.

In this Dialogue, the patient asked the doctor how soon can he would recover health. To any doctor it is always a very troublesome question. The doctor, after diagnosis, learned about the patient's disease, also and knew patients at the psychological condition, although it is difficult to make definite answer, but cannot be ignored. The doctor cleverly made use of the fuzziness of language strategies and chose "very soon" to answer the patient’s question. Lest patient not trust, then again use "It 's not so serious as It seems.” Although it also has certain fuzziness, but this effectively met the patient's psychological need, got the patient's recognition, and had achieved expected

communication. Although the doctor’s words is fuzzy, but it can fully complete the communication, thus could be a great success.

We also find that in our daily life, people prefer expressing information in a more euphemistic, polite and appropriate way. To some extent it makes communication more smoothly smooth and can receive more desirable results. Not only It not only makes the other feel respected, also can but let s the speaker obtain others favor. For instance, someone asks you, “Is A in the classroom now”, if you just give him an answer as “I don’t know”, you indeed have conveyed your meaning clearly. But it sounds rude and unfriendly. Whereas if you answer as “Probably not”, though it sounds a little vague, you would convey the basic information and the hearer may think you are polite and well-educated.

In order to appreciate the beauty from the vagueness, to achieve the effect of subtleness and to leave room for the readers to imagine, writers always enjoy using vague language to get achieve the goal. There is a

well-known monologue in one of Sha kespeare’s famous play Hamlet: “To be, or not to be--that is the question.” By such ellipsis, we can infer the perplexity in Hamlet’s deep heart when he was trapped by the condition that father had been murdered, mother remarried his uncle who had killed his father, and evil power was dominant at the court. “To be what or not to be what?” such a vague sentence has left us endless ponder as well as improve d our aesthetic judgment.

The fuzziness of language plays an important role in many ways in the world, so I think fuzziness is better in the specific situations I have mentioned in the text.

简评：本文脉络很清晰：在首段紧扣主题地提出自己的看法，并在接下来的段落中阐述自己的观点，所举例子很有代表性，能有力地证明自己的观点。如果是临场发挥出这样的作文，说明作者的写作水平还不错。当然了，文中还是有一小部分错误，比如关系副词的使用，以及轻微的时态与语态错误，比较严重的就是关系副词although/though 与but的使用，这两个是不能同时出现在一个句子当中的，这一点错误出现了两三次，希望改正。其他方面都写得很不错的。另外，还应该给本文加上一个题目，因为考试的时候不是命题作文，也没有规定你一定要添个题目，但是这不能成为你不写题目的理由。因此建议根据自己文章的内容给文章添个题目，这个题目不要文学色彩太浓，因为对于这样的写作内容还是应该写个正规一些的题目。像这篇文章你如果安个“Gone With the Fuzziness”（《随含糊而逝》）就，咳，咳，不太好了。

——————————————————————————————————

接下来的这一篇呢，是我委托了今年（2011年）英语语言方向第三名（395分）的“ちょうさん”同学写的，因为她当时也买了我的资料，对这个题目有所准备，所以还留有部分文字材料，考试的时候“翻译与写作”这门考了123的高分（我所知道的这门专业课的最高分）。大家要学习一下别人是怎么写的，特别是脉络与结构，以及用词。

The Importance of Vague Language

As a tool of communication, language can transmit information, express thoughts and convey feelings and emotions. But whether it is expressed accurately or inexplicitly, opinions vary from person to person. Some people maintain that language should be conveyed as clearly as possible so that they can understand the idea and that vague language is not good, for it keeps people from getting exact information. Others hold that vague language can make language expression more objective and can accomplish some communicative goals.

As far as I am concerned, vague language plays an important role in communication. It is perhaps due to vague language that language has become so rich and so flexible. Without vague language, one would find language would become dull and infertile. Therefore, vague language is indispensable to communication.

Firstly, vague language can serve as self-protection. Sometimes a speaker uses vague language for self-protection so as to protect himself from being accused of making mistakes. For example, speaker A asked, “Tom should be here by now. Was his plane late?” The speaker B replied, “Possibly.” In this case, the speaker B didn’t know for certain that whether the plane was late, so he used “possibly”. No matter what the result would turn out, the speaker B would not be blamed, thus protecting himself.

Secondly, vague language is conducive to maintain harmonious social relations in conversation. Generally speaking, people do not say things directly but tend to imply them and attempt to soften direct language in various ways. For instance, vague expressions can be used on the occasion of suggesting, which can achieve a better result than direct expressions. If speaker A noticed speaker B’s coat was dirty, the speaker A was likely to say, “Your coat is a little bit dirty.” In such situation, vague expression “a little bit” is used to m odify “dirty”. It is more polite than direct language and can also avoid embarrassment. On the contrary, if speaker A expressed his idea explicitly, speaker B’s feelings or esteem would be hurt. As a result, a barrier would be set up between them.

In short, the position held by vague language is so essential that we should attach great importance to it. Vague language is widely used in various situations, and we should use it properly so as to bring it to full play.

“ちょうさん”同学：作文就大概是这样了，但我在考试时，临时增加了一些内容，第三个原因，我忘了我当时写什么的。好像例子是，“or”、“about”等。考试时写的文章跟这篇的句子表达，用词等不完全一样。

2014春华师在线翻译作业

单选题第1题 (2) 分这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。 A、These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. B、These workers are avid watchers of basketball. C、These workers are warmhearted watchers of basketball. 第2题 (2) 分她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们，但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。 A、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that her scolding might be like a knife but her heart B、She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than her bite. C、She was always scolding her children, but they knew that she was kindhearted while scolding. 第3题 (2) 分这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明，真是人见人爱。 A、This little girl is beautiful and clever. Indeed everybody here loves her. B、This little girl is very beautiful and clever. It is true everybody here loves her when they see her. C、This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 第4题 (2) 分 On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and how leading Americans see the priorities now. A、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 B、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。 C、以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及当领导的美国人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。第5题 (2) 分 His preoccupation with business left little time for his family. A、他全神贯注于事业，为他的家庭留下了很少的时间。 B、他对事业的全神贯注留给他家庭的时间很少。

2010年考研英语二真题全文翻译超详解析

2010 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）试题答案与解析 Section I Use of English 一、文章题材结构分析本文是取材于新闻报道，叙述了猪流感的爆发，产生的严重影响以及政府采取的针对性措施。首段和第二段简述了猪流感的爆发引起世界各国的重视。第三段引用专家的观点，认为瘟疫并不严重。第四段和第五段以墨西哥及美国的情况为例，说明了猪流感的严重性和致命性。第六段叙述了联邦政府针对猪流感的具体措施。二、试题解析 1.【答案】D 【解析】上文提到“…was declared a global epidemic…”，根据declare 的逻辑（“宣布为”），可知应该选D 项 designated“命名，制定”，而不是C 项commented“评论”，这是典型的近义词复现题目。2．【答案】C 【解析】本题目可依据“句意”找到意思线索，选出答案，难度在于出处句是个长难句。本句的理解应该抓住alert、 meeting 和a sharp rise 三者的关系，根据after a sharp rise 可知是rise（“病例数的增加”）是meeting（“日内瓦专家会议”）的原因，由此可推导出alert 并非是meeting 的原因，而是结果，即meeting 使得alert 升级。根据上述分析可以排除B、D 选项，B 项activated“激活，激起”，D 项“促使，引起”，此两项的选择都在讲alert 导致了meeting 的召开。而C 项followed 意思是“紧随，跟在……之后”，体现出after 的逻辑，完全满足本句rise 之后是meeting， meeting 之后是alert 的逻辑，所以是正确项。而A 项proceeded“继续”，属不及物动词，不可接宾语，用法和逻辑用在此处都不合适。 3．【答案】B 【解析】本题目应该关注并列连词and，从并列呼应来看：空格后的表达in Britain…对应前面的in Australia，所以空格处rising _____ 应该对应a sharp rise in cases（“病例数的剧增”），因此空格处是“数量”的逻辑才对。A 项 digits“（阿拉伯）数字”，不表示数量，不能与rising 形成搭配；C 项amounts“数量”，常修饰不可数名词（此处指的是cases，可数名词）；D 项sums“金额，款项”，不能用于表达“病例数”。B 项numbers “数量”，修饰可数名词（如： large numbers of cases 大量的病例），符合题意。 4．【答案】A 【解析】此处句子开头的“But”是重要的逻辑线索，与上文意思（第二段）形成对比反差。上文的关键性表达如“heightened alert”、“emergency meeting”和“a sharp rise in cases”都在讲述猪流感的严重性，所以根据But 和in

华师在线翻译作业

翻译作业 1．这些工人都是篮球的热心观众。A.These workers are avid watchers of basketball matches. 2．She is an absolutely one-man wife.C.她是一个忠实的妻子，坚信从一而终的信念。 3．Every one of us, except my poor hoodwinked grandmother, heard of the bad news. C.我们大家都得知了这一不幸的消息，只有我那可怜的奶奶，还蒙在鼓里。 4．学校不会管这样的事情。B.The school authority will not bother about such things. 5．A pretext was the last thing that Hastings was likely to want. A.哈丁斯好像不需要什么借口。6．他最终什么时候来，大家都吃不准。C.When he’ll finally turn up is anybody’s guess! 7．别管枝节问题，让我们讨论实质性问题，以求得基本的一致。https://www.wendangku.net/doc/ea5347647.html,y aside the side-issues for the moment; let’s get down to brass tacks and thrash out a basic agreement. 8．但他性情不同，既不求官爵，又不交朋友，终日闭门读书。B.He was, however, eccentric. He neither looked for an official post, nor had any friends, studying behind closed doors al day. 9．在那个殖民地，行政官员调动频繁，就像走马灯似的。A.The transfer of administrative personnel in that colony was so frequent as to create a kaleidoscope effect. 10．这个小女孩长得又漂亮又聪明，真是人见人爱。C.This little girl is so beautiful and clever that no one who sees her can help loving her. 11．当时我们已经变得像一家人那样亲密，东西不分你我，彼此可以把筷子伸到对方的碗里抢肉吃。C.We had come to be like one family by now, being on such intimate terms that we helped ourselves freely to each other’s things and sometimes could dig our chopsticks into each other’s bowls for choice pieces of meat. 12．即使商品质量好，也不能漫天讨价。A.Even quality goods must have a price ceiling. 13．Failure to answer half the questions they asked made the police suspect him. A.由于他未能回答他们所问问题的一半，使得警察对他产生了怀疑。 14．If you would know the value of money, go and try to borrow some; for he that goes a borrowing goes a suffering. A.要想知道钱的价值，就得体会一下借钱的滋味。因为开口向人借钱总是很不好受的。 15．He relaxed himself by playing chess at the end of an arduous day’s work. B.他工作了一天非常劳累，下班后下棋轻松一下。 16．I haunted all the meetings in London where debates followed lectures. A.伦敦的集会，凡是演讲结束以后接着进行辩论的，我都参加。 17．You are posted in what had preceded all this, but I was not. C.你现在已经明白了这件事的全部原委，但我当时却全然不知。 18．Of many thousand spare parts does not come up to the standard but one. B.在成千上万个备件中，只发现一个不合格。 19．…but Lady Southdown dismissed poor Briggs as quickly as decency permitted. A.无奈莎吴唐老太太不喜欢布里格斯，勉强留她住了几天，糊过面子，就急急的打发她走了。20．俗话说，不怕不识货，就怕货比货。A.Inferior goods can’t stand comparison, as the saying goes. 21．这具有重大的历史意义。A.This is of historic significance. 22．There is a mixture of the tiger and the ape in his character. A.他的性格既残暴又狡猾。 23．她常常动不动就骂她的孩子们，但孩子们都知道她使刀子嘴豆腐心。B.She was always scolding her children, but they knew her bark was worse than her bite. 24．A cat, whose eyes can take in more rays of light than out eyes, can see things clearly in the night. C.由于猫的眼睛能比我们人的眼睛吸收更多的光线，所以猫在夜间看东西很清楚。25．His preoccupation with business left little time for his family. C.他全神贯注于事业，因而与家人在一起的时间很少。 26．Nepal’s wide range of topographies support similarly broad cultural variations. A.由于尼泊尔具有多样化的地貌特征，她的文化也呈现出多样性。 27．必须努力加强廉政建设。A.Great efforts should be made to keep government clean. 28．利润可能下降，但赞助活动仍方兴未艾。A.Profits may be falling, but sponsorship lives. 29．一切都考虑进去，她的建议似乎更切实可行。B.Everything taken into consideration, her proposal seems more practicable. 30．颐和园是我国劳动人民勤劳和智慧的产物。B.The Summer Palace is a monument to the industry and wisdom of the laboring people of China. 31．她变本加厉地剥削欺压工人。A.She redoubled his efforts in exploiting and oppressing the workers. 32．中国人民不用多久就会变得富裕起来。A.It won’t be long before the Chinese people become well off. 33．手头上的钱不够用了，他只好打消买皮鞋的念头。B.Money being not enough, he has to drop the idea to buy a pair of leather shoes for the time being. 34．You’re being merely childish.A.你这样做简直是孩子气。 35．这次展出还是老一套。C.The exhibit does not lend itself to much exciting variation. 36．他想一吐胸中块垒，但却找不到一个可以倾诉的人。C.He wanted to get his problem off his chest, but there was no one to whom he could unbosom himself. 37．On these pages you get the story of what happened --- and ````ee the priorities now.A.以下几页叙述的是事情的来龙去脉――以及美国领导人当前如何看待事情的轻重缓急。38．There’s been some dirty work with the club accounts and some money is missing.A.俱乐部的帐目有鬼，有些钱不知去向。 39．张先生腋下夹着一本字典，手里端``，```踱着步一边哼着一首流行歌曲。B.With a dictionary under his arm and a cup in his hand, Mr. Zhang was humming a popular tune as he paced. 40．大院周围，乱乱地戳着一幢幢茅棚土屋，风雪猛烈地冲撞着家家的破门烂窗。 A.Around the manor lay a wretched and confused mass of thatched huts, whose windows and doors rattled miserably in the snowstorm. 41．A causeless event or thing, we can not think of any more than we can of a stick with only one end.C.任何事情的发生都不可能是无缘无故的，正如一根棍子不可能只有一头一样。42．The children are always up to amusing tricks. 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华师网院 2010秋翻译作业答案

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