新概念二lesson 43讲义及练习

Lesson 43

【New words and expressions】

★pole n. (地球的)极Pole Star 北极星

the South Pole 南极；the North Pole 北极

★flight n. 飞行；航班fly v. 飞

★explorer n. 探险家, 探测者, 探测器[计]Windows资源管理器

explore v.探险, 探测, 探究

exploration n.(科研相关)探险,探求,开发

adventure n.冒险(追求刺激)

★lie lie 现在分词--> lying

①vi. (lay[lei]，lain[lein]) 处于,位于(+地点)

②vi. (lay[lei]，lain[lein]) 躺，(平)卧stay in bed = lie in bed 躺在床上

③vt.(lied，lied) 撒谎

You lied. = You lied to me.你骗人! 你撒谎!

You, liar! 你, 骗子! (liar. (惯于)说谎者)

④n. 谎言tell a lie 撒谎

lay (laid, laid) ①vt. 放,放置

②vt. 下蛋, 产卵lay an egg 下一个蛋

hang (hung, hung) 挂，悬挂

hang(hanged, hanged) 绞刑

★point n. 地点

point 点，一般指从飞机上向下看的点

地点place，spot https://www.wendangku.net/doc/e413417261.html,中的“.” 读为dot(点) @读为at

★seem v. 似乎，看起来

seem + as if 看起来似乎……

seem + adj./seem to be/seem that… 看起来似乎……

★crash v. 坠毁(从上向下掉)；

n. 冲突, 撞击声, 抵触air crash 空难car crash 车祸

strike v. 撞击

collide vi.碰撞, 抵触(两个都运动的东西相撞)

★clear v. (凌空、不接触地)越过, 跳过，没有接触面的飞跃

The horse cleared the fence.

over adv. 越过(距离) go over飞跃

★plain n. 平原mountains n. 高山

plain girl 平凡的女孩

【课文讲解】

1．In 1929, three years after his flight over the North Pole, the American explorer, R. E. Byrd, successfully flew over the South Pole for the first time. 美国探险家R·E·伯德在飞越北极3年之后，于1929年第1次飞越了南极。

（1）这句话包含两个同位语。three years after…为1929的同位语，作插入性的补充说明；R．E．Byrd 作the American explorer 的同位语。

（2）for the first time 表示“第一次”，time在这里表示“次”、“回”，还可以说this time, last time, next time, another time, each time, for the last time等：

I remind you for the last time that if you don't hurry, you'll miss the train.

我最后一次提醒你，如果不快点，你会误了火车的。

Give him these photos next time you see him.

下次你见到他时把这些相片给他。

2．Though, at first, Byrd and his men were able to take a great many photographs of the mountains that lay below, they soon ran into serious trouble. 虽然开始时伯德和他的助手们拍下了飞机下面连绵群山的大量照片，但他们很快就陷入了困境。

（1）连词though引导的是让步状语从句，其含义为“虽然……”、“尽管……”。这个从句中的时间状语at first被单独用逗号隔开了，它如果按正常的词序应放在从句的末尾，但有可能会引起误解。

（2）at first与主句中的soon形成时间上的照应，表示先后次序。

（3）take a photograph of 表示“拍……的照片”：

He took a photograph of his house before he left home.

他离家前给他家的房子拍了一张照片。

（4）that lay below为the mountains的定语从句，that为从句的主语。

（5）run into trouble的含义与get into trouble相似，表示“陷入困境”：

Each time he ran into trouble, he asked his parents for help.

每当他陷入困境时，他都向他父母求助。

3．At one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash. 在有个地方，飞机似乎肯定要坠毁了。

（1）at one point在此处可以解释为“在有个地方”，但它通常的含义为“在某一时刻”，point 指时间上的某一点：

At one point, he made up his mind to become a painter.

他曾一度下决心要当个画家。

（2）it为“先行主语”，真正的主语为that引导的从句。it作先行主语时经常与seem，appear，look等连用：

It now looks certain that the meeting is going to be put off.

现在似乎可以肯定会议将被推迟。

4．rise to，飞机“上升至……”。

5．… it cleared the mountains by400 feet. ……它在离山头400英尺的高度飞越了过去。（1）clear在这里表示“（不接触地）越过”：

He cleared 2. 10 metres. 他跳过了2.10米。

（2）by表示“以……之差”：

I missed the train by ten minutes. 我晚了10分钟，没赶上火车。

He is younger than me by two years.

6．…for there were no more mountains in sight. ……因为前面再没有山了。

（1）for表示“因为”。

（2）in sight表示“在看得见的范围内”、“在可看见之处”：

No man was in sight. 一个人也看不见。

7．white plains, 白色原野。

【Key structures】

Can and Be able to

情态助动词can/could用于表示请求别人允许或答复时的情况:Can/Could I borrow you pen? can有时可以表示可能性：在表示天生的或学到的能力时，be able to往往用于表示学到的技

能：can/could可用于现在时和过去时，can/could与be able to通常可以互换，表示将来的“能力”时，则用will be able to：在谈到说话时正在发生的事时，一般不用be able to：Look! I can stand on my head.

在表示成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could，而用be able to；如果表示某一动作没有取得成功则可用couldn’t：It’s pity he couldn’t visit Mary. Oh, didn’t you know? He was able to visit her after all.在问及过去某一具体活动时可用could，但回答是肯定的时候则不能：Could he borrow a car? 他能借到车了吗？

Yes, he was able to borrow a car after all. 是的，他最终还是能借到车了。

No, he couldn't. 不，他没能借到。

【Special Difficulties】

含有介词at的词组

at与许多词可以构成固定词组，其中表示时间的有：at first(开始时，最初)，at once(马上，立刻)，at present(目前，现在)，at last(最后，终于)，at times(有时)，at the moment(现在)；表示地点的有：at home(在家)，at school(在学校)；表示程度的有：at least(至少)，at any rate(不管怎样)；其它词组有at heart(内心里，实际上)，at a loss(困惑不解，不知怎么办)等。

单项选择

1. While I was talking to Frank, a man _________ into the room．

A. rush

B. is rushed

C. rushed

D. was rush

2. The king and the queen ___________ live in this castle.

A. used

B. used to

C. were used to

D. were used

3. Someone saw the missing boy _______ near the river.

A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. to play

4. While I was talking to Frank, a man __________ into the room．

A. rush

B. is rushed

C. rushed

D. was rush

5. The king and the queen __________ live in this castle.

A. used

B. used to

C. were used to

D. were used

6. Someone saw the missing boy _____ near the river.

A. playing

B. to be playing

C. play

D. to play

7. The students stopped _____ when the teacher came in.

A. to talk

B. talking

C. talk

D. talked

8. Our village ________ between a river and a road.

A. lied

B. lain

C. lay

D. laid

9. Though he tried to make conversation with the lady, he wasn't interested in her ________.

A. at least

B. at times

C. at a loss

D. at heart

10. Oh, didn't you know? He _________ visit her after all.

A. was able to

B. can

C. is able to

D. could

用所给词的正确形式填空

1. You must learn __________ (help) others at the centre.

2. Many volunteers come here __________ (help) the people in need.

3. Don’t worry. He __________ (come) back in five minutes.

4. Good __________ (luck) to you, Jack! You’re _________ (luck) because you have passed the

exam __________ (luck).

5. Many _________ (society) workers went there to help the people in need.

6. Tom’s mother looks very __________ (worry).

7. Times Square attracts more than 30 million _________ (visit) every year.

8. He can’t wait ___________ (open) the box after his friends leave.

单项选择

1. I remind you __________ that if you don't hurry, you'll miss the train.

A. this time

B. last time

C. each time

D. for the last time

2. Give him these photos __________ you see him.

A. last time

B. next time

C. each time

D. for the last time

3. Each time he __________ trouble, he asked his parents for help.

A. run into

B. ran to

C. ran into

D. run onto

4. _________ one point, it seemed certain that their plane would crash.

A. At

B. In

C. On

D. Among

5. I missed the train ________ ten minutes.

A. by

B. in

C. out

D. between

6. There is nobody in the room. It means no man is _________.

A. out of sight

B. in sight

C. in the sight

D. seeing

7. I tried again and found I_____________ swim

A. Must

B. Need

C. can

D. was able to

8. Tim has been in Australia for six months. His brother hasn’t seen him _______ January.

A. for

B. since

C. from

D. by

9. Everybody knows him. __________ know him.

A. They all

B. Each

C. Every

D. All they

10. The writer doesn’t like hard work. It’s ________ to look after a garden.

A. a hard work

B. a hard job

C. hard job

D. hardly a job

用can或be able to填空

1. ________________ (can I/am I able to) use your phone for a moment please?

2. ________________ (could we/ were we able to) speak to the manager please?

3. Some children _______________ (couldn’t/ aren’t able to) speak before they are two.

4. Jim has only managed to leave home because he _______________ (can/ has been able to) save paying for them.

5. I’ve told you before, you ________________ (can’t/ are not able to) make phone calls without paying for them.

6. “Excuse me,” the man said. “_______________ (can I/am I able to) read your paper?”

7. After a few hours they ______________ (could/ were able to) save the men from the sea.

8. We ____________________ (could finally/were finally able to) win the match because the other team became very tired and slow.

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